run flat FORD MUSTANG 2003 Workshop Manual

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Jacking
WARNING: Never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, such as when changing a
tire. The wheel still on the ground could cause the vehicle to move.
CAUTION: The jack (17080) provided with the vehicle is intended to be used in an
emergency for changing a deflated tire. To avoid damage to the vehicle, never use the jack to
lift the vehicle for any other purpose. Refer to the Owner Guide when using the jack supplied
with the vehicle.
CAUTION: Under no circumstances should the vehicle ever be lifted by the suspension
arm brackets, rear stabilizer or differential housing or convertible cross brace. Severe damage
to the vehicle could result.
CAUTION: Do not attempt to use jack pressure on either the front bumper (17757) or the
rear bumper (17906) of any vehicle. Damage to the bumper covers will occur.
Lift the vehicle using the Jacking Points procedure in this section.
Jacking Points
To lift the front or either side of the front end, position the floor jack under the front frame lift points. SECTION 100-
02: Jacking and Lifting 2003 Mustang Workshop Manual Klj . 1 ba
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Lateral runout means measuring the movement or "wobble" of a wheel or tire at the sidewall. Radial
runout means measuring the out-of-
round at the tread surface.
Rustling
Intermittent sound of varying frequency (100- 2000 Hz), sounds similar to shuffling through leaves.
Shake
A low- frequency vibration (5-20 Hz), usually with visible component movement. Usually relates to tires,
wheels, brake drums or brake discs if it is vehicle speed sensitive, or engine if it is engine speed
sensitive. Also referred to as a shimmy or wobble.
Shimmy
An abnormal vibration or wobbling, felt as a side- to-side motion of the steering wheel in the driveshaft
rotation. Also described as waddle.
Shudder
A low- frequency vibration that is felt through the steering wheel or seat during light brake application.
Slap
A resonance from flat surfaces, such as safety belt webbing or door trim panels.
Slip Yoke/Slip Spline
The driveshaft coupling that allows length changes to occur while the suspension articulates and while
the driveshaft rotates.
Squeak
A high- pitched transient sound, similar to rubbing fingers against a clean window.
Squeal
A long- duration, high- pitched noise.
Static Balance
The equal distribution of weight around the wheel. Statically unbalanced wheel and tire assemblies can
cause a bouncing action called wheel tramp. This condition will eventually cause uneven tire wear.
Tap
A light, rhythmic, or intermittent hammering sound, similar to tapping a pencil on a table edge.
Thump
A dull beat caused by two items striking together. Tick Klj . 9 ba
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A rhythmic tap, similar to a clock noise.
Tip-
In Moan
A light moaning noise heard during light vehicle acceleration, usually between 40- 100 km/h (25-65
mph).
TIR
The acronym for total indicated runout is TIR.
Tire Deflection
The change in tire diameter in the area where the tire contacts the ground.
Tire Flat Spots
A condition commonly caused by letting the vehicle stand while the tires cool off. This condition can be
corrected by driving the vehicle until the tires are warm. Also, irregular tire wear patterns in the tire
tread resulting from wheel- locked skids.
Tire Force Vibration
A tire vibration caused by variations in the construction of the tire that is noticeable when the tire
rotates against the pavement. This condition can be present on perfectly round tires because of
variations in the inner tire construction. This condition can occur at wheel rotation frequency or twice
rotation frequency.
Transient
A noise or vibration that is momentary, a short duration.
Two- Plane Balance
Radial and lateral balance.
Vibration
Any motion, shaking or trembling, that can be felt or seen when an object moves back and forth or up
and down.
Whine
A constant, high- pitched noise. Also described as a screech.
Whistle
High- pitched noise (above 500 Hz) with a very narrow frequency band. Examples of whistle noises are
a turbocharger or airflow around an antenna.
Wind Noise
Any noise caused by air movement in, out or around the vehicle. Klj . 10 ba
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operation.
K3 MEASURE THE LATERAL RUNOUT AND THE RADIAL
RUNOUT OF THE FRONT WHEELS ON THE VEHICLE z
Measure the lateral runout and the radial runout of the front
wheels on the vehicle. Refer to Go To Pinpoint Test J .
z Are the measurements within specifications? Yes
GO to
K4 .
No
INSTALL new wheels as
necessary and BALANCE
the assembly. TEST the
system for normal
operation. K4 MEASURE THE LATERAL RUNOUT OF THE FRONT TIRES
ON THE VEHICLE z
Measure the lateral runout of the front tires on the vehicle. Go To Pinpoint Test J .
z Is the runout within specifications? Yes
GO to
K5 .
No
INSTALL new tires as
necessary and BALANCE
the assembly. TEST the
system for normal
operation. K5 MEASURE THE RADIAL RUNOUT OF THE FRONT TIRES
ON THE VEHICLE z
Measure the radial runout of the front tires on the vehicle. Go To Pinpoint Test J .
z Is the runout within specifications? Yes
BALANCE the front wheel
and tire assemblies. If any
tire cannot be balanced,
INSTALL a new tire.
TEST the system for
normal operation.
No
GO to
K6 .
K6 MATCH MOUNT THE TIRE AND WHEEL ASSEMBLY
z
Mark the high runout location on the tire and also on the
wheel. Break the assembly down and rotate the tire 180
degrees (halfway around) on the wheel. Inflate the tire and
measure the radial runout.
z Is the runout within specifications? Yes
BALANCE the assembly.
TEST the system for
normal operation.
No
If the high spot is not
within 101.6 mm (4
inches) of the first high
spot on the tire, GO to
K7
.
K7 MEASURE THE WHEEL FLANGE RUNOUT
z
Dismount the tire and mount the wheel on a wheel balancer.
Measure the runout on both wheel flanges. Go To Pinpoint Test J . Yes
LOCATE and MARK the
low spot on the wheel.
INSTALL the tire,
matching the high spot on
the tire with the low spot
on the wheel. BALANCE
the assembly. TEST the
system for normal
operation. If the condition Klj . 59 ba
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PINPOINT TEST M: TRANSFER CASE VIBRATION the system for normal operation.
No
GO to
L6 .
L6 CHECK THE FLYWHEEL BOLTS
z
Check for loose flywheel bolts.
z Are the bolts loose? Yes
TIGHTEN the bolts to
specifications. REFER to
Section 308 - 01 . TEST the system for
normal operation.
No
GO to L7 .
L7 CHECK THE FLYWHEEL SURFACE
z
Inspect the flywheel surface for wear or damage.
Check the flywheel runout.
z Is there any damage or excessive wear? Yes
INSTALL a new flywheel. TEST
the system for normal operation.
No
Clutch system normal. CONDUCT
a diagnosis on other suspect
systems.
Test Step Result / Action to Take
M1 INSPECT THE TRANSFER CASE
z
WARNING: The electrical power to the air suspension
system must be shut off prior to hoisting, jacking or towing
an air suspension vehicle. This can be accomplished by
turning off the air suspension switch. Failure to do so can
result in unexpected inflation or deflation of the air springs,
which can result in shifting of the vehicle during these
operations.
z Inspect the transfer case for loose or missing mounting bolts.
Check for fluid seepage between the transfer case and the
transmission.
z Are the mounting bolts missing or loose? Yes
TIGHTEN to
specifications or
INSTALL new bolts as
necessary. TEST the
system for normal
operation.
No
GO to
M2 .
M2 INSPECT THE REAR DRIVESHAFT
z
NOTE: Verify that the driveshaft and pinion flange index marks
are aligned.
z Inspect the driveshaft for missing weights, damage or
undercoating.
z Inspect the U- joints for freedom of movement.
z Check driveshaft runout and, if necessary, check the pinion
flange runout.
z Is the driveshaft or U- joints worn or damaged or
misaligned? Yes
REPAIR or INSTALL a
new driveshaft as
necessary. TEST the
system for normal
operation.
No
GO to
M3 .
M3 CHECK THE DRIVELINE ANGLES
z
Measure the rear driveshaft and pinion angles. Refer to Section 205 - 00 .
z Measure the front driveshaft and pinion angles. Refer to Section 205 - 00 .
z Are the driveline angles incorrect? Yes
REPAIR as necessary.
TEST the system for
normal operation.
No Klj . 62 ba
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z
Excessive front or
rear toe (rapid inner
or outer edge
wear). z
CHECK the wheel alignment.
ADJUST as necessary.
z Excessive negative
or positive camber
(rapid inner or outer
edge wear). z
CHECK the wheel alignment.
ADJUST as necessary.
z Tires out of balance
(tires cupped or
dished). z
BALANCE tires.
z Rough ride zStrut(s). zINSTALL new strut(s) as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 .
z Shock absorber(s). zINSTALL new shock absorber
(s) as necessary.
z Front coil springs or
rear springs (5560). z
INSTALL new front coil
springs or rear springs as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Shimmy or
wheel tramp z
Loose wheel nut(s). zTIGHTEN to specification.
REFER to Section 204 - 04 .
z Loose front
suspension
fasteners. z
TIGHTEN to specification.
REFER to Section 204 - 01 .
z Front wheel bearing
(s). z
REFER to Wheel Bearing Inspection in this section.
z Wheel or tire
runout. z
REFER to Section 204 - 04 .
z Tire flatspotting. zREFER to Section 204 - 04 .
z Shock absorber(s). zINSTALL new shock absorber
(s) as necessary.
z Loose, worn or
damaged ball joint
(s). z
GO to the Ball Joint Inspection
component test in this section.
z Loose, worn or
damaged steering
components. z
REFER to Section 211 - 00 .
z Front wheel
alignment. z
CHECK the wheel alignment.
ADJUST as necessary.
z Sticky steering,
poor returnability z
Ball joints. zGO to the Ball Joint Inspection
component test in this section.
z Steering
components. z
REFER to Section 211 - 00 .
z Steering wheel
off- center z
Unequal front or
rear toe settings
(side-to- side). z
CHECK the wheel alignment.
ADJUST as necessary.
z Steering
components. z
REFER to Section 211 - 00 .
z Sway or roll zOverloaded,
unevenly or
incorrectly loaded
vehicle. z
NOTIFY the customer of
incorrect vehicle loading.
z Loose wheel nut(s). zTIGHTEN to specification. Klj . 3 ba
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REFER to
Section 204 - 04 .
z Strut(s). zINSTALL new strut(s) as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 .
z Shock absorber(s). zINSTALL new shock absorber
(s) as necessary.
z Loose front
stabilizer bar (5482)
or rear stabilizer
bar (5A772). z
TIGHTEN to specification.
REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Worn stabilizer
assembly bushing
(s). z
INSTALL new bushing(s) as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Front coil spring(s)
or rear spring(s). z
INSTALL new front coil
springs or rear springs as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Vehicle leans to
one side z
Unevenly loaded or
overloaded vehicle. z
NOTIFY the customer of
incorrect vehicle loading.
z Front or rear
suspension
components. z
INSPECT the front and rear
suspension system. REPAIR
or INSTALL new suspension
components as necessary.
REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Front coil springs or
rear springs. z
INSTALL new front coil
springs or rear springs as
necessary. REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Incorrect ride
height. Lateral tilt
out of specification. z
CHECK ride height. INSTALL
new front coil springs or rear
springs as necessary. REFER
to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Vibration/noise zTire or wheel
runout.
z Tire flatspotting.
z Wheel bearings.
z Wheel hubs.
z Brake components.
z Suspension
components.
z Steering
components. z
REFER to Section 100 - 04 .
z Wander zUnevenly loaded or
overloaded vehicle. z
NOTIFY the customer of
incorrect vehicle loading.
z Ball joint(s). zGO to the Ball Joint Inspection
component test in this section.
z Front wheel bearing
(s). z
REFER to Wheel Bearing Inspection in this section.
z Loose, worn or
damaged
suspension
components(s). z
INSTALL new suspension
components as necessary.
REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 .
z Loose suspension
fasteners. z
TIGHTEN to specification.
REFER to Section 204 - 01 or
Section 204 - 02 . Klj . 4 ba
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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Wheels And Tires
WARNING: Do not mix different types of tires, such as radial, bias, or bias- belted, on the
same vehicle except in emergencies. Vehicle handling can be seriously affected and can result
in loss of control.
Factory-installed tires and wheels are designed to operate satisfactorily with loads up to and including
full- rated load capacity when inflated to recommended inflation pressures.
Tire and Wheel Runout
Excessive radial and lateral runout of a wheel and tire assembly can cause roughness, vibration,
wheel tramp, tire wear, and steering wheel tremor.
Before checking runout, and to avoid false readings caused by temporary flat spots in the tires, check
runout only after the vehicle has been driven far enough to warm the tires. For additional information,
refer to Section 100 - 04 .
SECTION 204-
04: Wheels and Tires 2003 Mustang Workshop Manual Klj . 1 ba
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DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Wheels And Tires
Inspection and Verification
WARNING: A vehicle equipped with a Traction- Lok® differential will always have both
wheels driving. If, while the vehicle is being serviced, only one wheel is raised off the ground
and the rear axle is driven by the engine, the wheel on the ground could drive the vehicle off
the stand or jack. Be sure both rear wheels are off the ground.
WARNING: Never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, for example, when
changing a tire. The wheel(s) resting on the ground could cause the vehicle to move.
WARNING: Do not balance the wheels and tires while they are mounted on the vehicle.
Possible tire disintegration or differential failure could result, causing personal injury and
extensive component damage. Use off- vehicle wheel and tire balancer only.
Be sure to follow the warnings when carrying out inspection and verification.
Road Test
Verify the customer concern by carrying out a road test on a smooth road. If any vibrations are
apparent, refer to Section 100 - 04 .
To maximize tire performance, inspect for signs of incorrect inflation and uneven wear, which may
indicate a need for balancing, rotation, or front suspension alignment.
Correct tire pressure and driving techniques have an important influence on tire life. Heavy cornering,
excessively rapid acceleration and unnecessary sharp braking increases tire wear.
Replacement tires must follow the recommended:
ztire sizes.
z speed rating.
z load range.
z tire construction type.
Use of any other tire size or type can seriously affect:
zride.
z handling.
z speedometer/odometer calibration.
z vehicle ground clearance.
z tire clearance between the body and chassis.
SECTION 204-
04: Wheels and Tires 2003 Mustang Workshop Manual Klj . 1 ba
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z
wheel bearing life.
z brake cooling.
New wheels need to be installed when vehicle's wheels:
zare bent.
z are cracked.
z are dented.
z are heavily corroded.
z are leaking.
z have elongated wheel hub bolt holes.
z have excessive lateral or radial runout.
Wheel and tire assemblies are attached by six wheel nuts.
It is mandatory to use only the tire sizes recommended on the tire chart attached to the vehicle. Larger
or smaller tires can damage the vehicle, affect durability, and require changing the speedometer
calibration. Make sure wheel size and offsets match those recommended for the tire in use. 1. Inspect for signs of uneven wear that may indicate a need for balancing, rotation, front suspension alignment, damaged tie- rod, or steering components.
2. Check tires for: zcuts.
z stone bruises.
z abrasions
z blisters.
z embedded objects.
3. Tread wear indicators are molded into the bottom of the tread grooves. Install a new tire when the indicator bands become visible.
Symptom Chart Symptom Chart Condition
Possible Sources Action
z Tires show
excess wear on
edge of tread z
Underinflated tires. zADJUST air pressure
in tires.
z Vehicle overloaded. zRETURN vehicle.
NOTIFY customer of
overload condition.
z High- speed cornering. zRETURN vehicle.
NOTIFY customer of
cause of condition.
z Incorrect ride height. zSET ride height.
z Incorrect wheel alignment. zSET alignment to
specification. REFER Klj . 2 ba
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