torque JAGUAR XJ 1994 2.G AJ16 Engine Manual

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
CON TENTS
Section SRO Page
Foreword ........................................................................\
.. iii
I ................ Service Tools & Equipment ........................................................... iv
I1 ................ Torque Tightening Specifications ....................................................... vii
111 ............... Service Materials .................................................................... xii
1V ............... Service Data ...................................................................... xiii
1 ................ General Description .................................................................. 1
1.1 .............. Construction ........................................................................\
1
1.2 .............. Cylinder Head Design ................................................................ 7
1.3 .............. Crankcase Breather ................................................................... 7
1.4 .............. Lubrication System ................................................................... 1
1.5 .............. Cooling System ...................................................................... 2
1.6
.............. Supercharger ........................................................................\
2
2 ................ Service Procedures ................................................................... 2
2.1 .............. SPSloint ControlSystem .............................................................. 2
2.2 .............. Sealants ........................................................................\
.... 2
3 ................ Fault Diagnosis ...................................................................... 3
3.1
.............. Introduction ........................................................................\
. 3
3.2
.............. Diagnostic Procedures ................................................................ 3
4
................ Service Operations ................................................................... 7
4.1 .............. Camshaft, Renew .............................................. 12.13.01 ............. 7
4.2 .............. Camshaft Cover Gasket. Renew .................................. 12.29.39 ............. 9
4.3
.............. Valve Clearance, Checkand Adjust ............................... 12.29.48 ............ 10
4.4 .............. Cylinder Head Gasket, Renew ................................... 12.29.01 ............ 13
4.5
.............. Cylinder Head, Overhaul ........................................ 12.29.19 ............ 16
4.6
.............. Cylinder Head Casting, Renew ................................... 12.29.15 ............ 19
4.7
.............. Piston and Connecting Rod, Engine Set, Renew ..................... 12.17.10 ............ 20
4.8
.............. Connecting Rod Bearing, Engine Set, Renew ....................... 12.17.16 ............ 22
4.9
.............. Main Bearing, Engineset, Renew ................................. 12.21.39 ............ 23
4.10 ............. Crankshaft, Renew ............................................. 12.21.33 ............ 24
4.11
............. Crankshaft Damper/Pulley Assembly, Renew ...................... 12.21.09 ............ 26
4.12
............. Crankshaft End-float, Check andAdjust ........................... 12.21.26 ............ 27
4.13
............. Crankshaft Front Oil Seal, Renew ................................. 12.21.14 ............ 28
4.14
............. Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal, Renew ................................. 72.21.20 ............ 29
4.15
............. Engine Flywheel, Renew ........................................ 12.53.07 ............ 30
4.16
............. Engine Drive-plate, Renew ..................................... 12.53.13 ............ 31
4.17 ............. Engine Rear/ Transmission Adapter Plate, Renew ................... 12.53.03 ............ 32
4.18
............. Engine Assembly, Overhaul ...................................... 12.4 7 . 05 ............ 33
4.19
............. liming Chain, Gear and Tensioner, Engine Set, Renew ............... 12.65.13 ............ 37
4.20
............. Timing Chain Damper, Vehicle Set, Renew ......................... 12.65.48 ............ 40
4.21
............. liming Chain Tensioner, Upper, Renew ............................ 12.65.29 ............ 41
4.22
............. Timing Chain Tensioner, Lower, Renew ............................ 12.65.30 ............ 42
4.23
............. Timing Sprocket, Intermediate, Renew ............................ 12.65.26 ............ 43
4.24
............. Auxiliary Shaft, Renew ......................................... 12.10.30 ............ 44
4.25
............. Auxiliary Shaft Rear Seal. Renew ................................. 12.10.32 ............ 45
0
i Issue 1 August 1994

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
Fixing
II.
Tightening Torque
(Nm)
TORQUE TlGH TENlNG SPECIFICATIONS
Air Cleaner
Air box bracket screw 8,5 - 11.5
9.5
- 12,5
9,5 - 12,5
6,3 - 8,7
8.5
- 11,5
7 -9
Air box to bracket
Air box to instrumount
Air cleaner bracket setscrew
Air cleaner support bracket
(4,O liter supercharged)
Air temperature sensor to air box
1 Hose clamp, air box to air meter ~
Hose
clamp, air box to body
1,2 - 1,6
1.2
- 1,6 , , lnstrumount bracket Taptite screw I 9,5 - 12,5
trumpet to body ~ 9,5 - 12,5
Compressor
to bracket
_________ Connecting rod bearing nut 52 - 55 (SPS System) _______ ~
Bypass
elbow to thermostat housing
Fan drive unit setscrew
Fan drive unit to pulley
Hose clamp, breather to thermostat
Hose clamp, breather to throttle body
Hose clamp, bypass hose
Hose clamp, water pump to pipe
Thermostat cover to housing
Thermostat housing to cylinder head
Water pipe bracket to intake manifold
Water pump assembly
Water pump to timing cover
Water pump to water
rail
Water rail to cylinder block
Water temperature sensor to thermostat housing
Water temperature transmitter to thermostat housing
9,5 - 12,5
12- 16
21,5 - 28,5
1,5-2,5
1,5 - 2,5
2,5
- 3.5
2,5
- 3,5
21,5 - 28,5
21,5 - 28,5
21.5- 28,5
21,5 - 28,5
21.5 - 28,5
2,5 - 3,5
21,5 - 28,5 1
14,5- 19,5
14,5- 19,5
1 Crankshaft
Clutch to flywheel (4,O liter)
Crankshaft bolt
Drive
-plate to crankshaft (3,2 liter) ~___~.~ Drive-plate to crankshaft (4,O liter supercharged automatic)
Flywheel to
crankshaft setscrew (4,O liter) _______
Timing ring to damper
22,5 - 27,5
183 - 223
88 - 108
123
- 149
123
- 149
15.5
- 20.5
-~
___________
vi i Issue 1 August 1994

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
0 Fixing
Oil Pump, Filter and Oil Pan
Baffle tray to oil pan
Drain plug to oil pan
Pick
-up to carrier
Filter head to cylinder block
Front cover to body
Oil filter canister
Oil pan to cylinder block
Oil pan to timing cover
Oil pump and oil pump carrier to cylinder block
Rear cover to body
Relief valve plug Tightening
Torque
(Nm)
21,5 - 28,5
64.8 - 79,2
9,5 - 12,5
21.5 - 28.5
9,5
- 12,5
12-15
21,5 - 28,5
21,5 - 28,5
21,5 - 28.5
9.5
- 12,5
35,7 - 48,3
Power Steering
Adapter to housing 21,5 - 28,5
Power steering pump to adapter
Power steering pump to engine
spark Plug
Starter Motor
Starter motor to adapter
Transmission to starter motor
Supercharger-
Spark plug
--
44.5 - 59,5
22 - 28
22
- 28
43
- 57
43
- 57 -___
Adapter to timing cover
Air duct clamp to intercooler
Air duct hoses
Air duct lower to intercooler 22 - 28
2,5
- 3,5
2,5
- 3,5
2,5 - 3,5
Air duct upper casting to lower
Bypass valve to throttle body
Elbow to intercooler
Idler bracket
/ timing cover to cylinder block
Idler bracket to water pump
X Issue 1 August 1994
2,5 - 3,5
8,5
- 11,5
22 - 28
22
- 28
22
- 28
Idler mounting bracket
Intercooler water pipes
Outlet elbow to supercharger
Pulley to carrier
Supercharger mounting bracket to engine
Supercharger mounting stud 22 - 28
22
- 28
22
- 28
22
- 28
43
- 57
22
- 28
Supercharger to mounting bracket 43 - 57
Tensioner bracket / timing cover to cylinder block 22 - 28
Tensioner bracket to adapter
Throttle body adapter to bypass actuator 22 - 28
8,5
- 11.5

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
~- Fixing Tightening
Torque
r- (Nm)
____ liming Cover L 1 Auxiliary shaft blanking plate to timing cover 9,5 - 12,5
Generator adjuster to timing cover 8,5 - 11,5 ~ __ ____ ~ t Intermediate shaft blanking
plate to timing cover 1 21,5-28,5
I Sensor to timing cover
l Timing cover to cylinder block b+-- 21,5 - 28,5
21,5 - 28,5 _. ______
xi Issue 1 August 1994

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
1.5 Coohg System
The engine is liquid cooled by a mixture of water and anti-freeze circulating around the coolant passages. The coolant
pump is mounted on the left hand side of the cylinder block and is driven from the crankshaft nose by a three point
belt drive (which includes the generator). The pump is a fully assembled bolt
-on unit. The coolant is fed into the cylin- der block at two places via an external delivery pipe. The coolant is drawn from the cylinder head via a self-contained
thermostat housing back to the radiator or recirculated according to the thermostat position.
7.6 Supercharger
The supercharger optionally available on the 4,O liter engine is a Roots blower type which gives better engine efficiency
at part throttle conditions and responsive off
-boost performance. The principal changes to the engine for the super- charged version are to the piston, valve timing, intake manifold and the additional drive to the supercharger. A lower
compression ratio
of 8.5:l is used which provides the optimum balance between high speed performance and fuel
economy.
The engine heat exchanger of the intercooler system is incorporated into the intake manifold. The blower incorporates
an air by
-pass system which improves efficiency under part throttle conditions. The by-pass valve is controlled by a vacuum actuator referenced to the intake manifold pressure.
2. SERVICE PROCEDURES
2.1 SPS )oint Control System
Afeature of the engine is the use of the SPS joint control system on the cylinder head bolts, crankshaft main bearing
bolts and connecting rod bearing nuts and bolts. This system ensures that the joints receive maximum clamp loading
for a given fixing size and type of material by tightening the fixing to its particular yield point. This greatly helps to
prevent premature cylinder head gasket failures.
0
CAUTION: All SPS fixings must be used only once. Discard
fixings on removal and replace with new bolts/
nuts every time a 'strip down' has been carried
out.
The SPS system in service requires the fixing to be
set to a specific torque initially; it must then be ro
- tated through 90 degrees exactly. The accuracy of
thiscannot betoo highlystressed. Toobtainthecor- rect setting, use Special Tool LST 122, or a self-man-
ufactured tool using the dimensions illustrated (Fig.
I).
SeeTorqueTightening Specifications in the Prelimi-
nary Pages for the correct torque figures.
b:
w:
2.2 Sealants
One of the specified sealants for use on this engine is the Marston compound known as Hylosil 102, a white amine cure
system rubber. Should this not be available an equivalent amine cure sealant must be used. Under no circumstances
should any acidtoxy cure system be used. Loctite sealants are specified for certain applications. See Service Materials
in the Preliminary Pages for the correct sealant for each application.
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AJ16 Engine Service Manual
SERVICE OPERATIONS
4.1 Camshaft, Renew
SRO 12.13.01
Remove camshaft cover, see Section 4.2.
Drain the cooling system, see Section 4.1 in the appropri
- ate Vehicle Service Manual.
1 Rotate the engine and set No. 1 cylinder at TDC using Ser- viceTool 18G 1433 (1 Fig. 1).
Push back the lock tabs (1 Fig.2) from the camshaft
sprocket securing bolts (2 Fig. 2). and slacken off the bolts.
Remove the upper chain tensioner valve clamp bolt
(3 Fig.
2), remove the clamp (4 Fig. 2) and remove the
valve (5 Fig. 2).
1 Using a 3 mm Allen key, wind backthe tensioner (6 Fig. 2) (turn clockwise) until the snail engages in the park posi- tion. Remove the tensioner housing securing bolt (7 Fig. 2) and withdraw the tensioner assembly (8, 9 Fig. 2).
1 Remove and discard the '0' ring (9 Fig. 2) and gasket (10 Fig. 2).
. Remove the camshaft sprocket securing bolts and tab
washers (1,2 Fig. 2) and remove the sprockets (11 Fig. 2) (ensure that neither the bolts nor the tab washer drop into
the timing case).
CAUTION: Do not rotate the engine while the camshaft is
disconnected.
. Remove the cylinder head bolt from No. 2 cap, left-hand
1 Remove No. 2 cap from the left-hand camshaft.
1 Fit spacer tool 18G 1435 (2 Fig. 3) to the head.
Fit and torque tighten the cylinder head bolt.
Repeat the procedure for Nos 3,4,5 and 6 caps, left-hand
camshaft (3 Fig. 3).
Remove the cylinder head bolt from
No. 7 cap, left-hand
camshaft.
Loosen in sequence the securing bolts from Nos 1 and 7 caps, until theleft-handcamshaft isfree. Liftthecamshaft
from the cylinder head and fit spacer tool 18G 1435 to No. 7 cylinder head bolt position (5 Fig. 3). Fit and torque
tighten the bolt.
Clean
all components and examine for wear and damage.
Renew all worn or damaged components.
Lubricate the new left
-hand camshaft.
Fit the camshaft at approximately TDC.
Lubricate Nos 1 and 7 caps.
Fit No. 1 cap but do not tighten the securing bolts. Remove No. 7 cap cylinder head bolt.
1 Remove the spacer tool. Fit No. 7 cap but do not tighten
the securing bolts.
1 Finally tighten Nos 1 and 7 cap securing bolts in sequence.
Remove No. 4 cap cylinder head bolt and remove the
spacer tool. Lubricate and fit No. 4 cap.
CAUTION: The cylinder head bolts MUST be renewed dur- ing assembly and torque tightened as de- scribed in Section 2.1, SPS Joint Control System.
camshaft
(1 Fig. 3).
1 Repeat
the procedure for the right-hand camshaft.
1
Fia. 1
Fia. 2
Fig. 3
Issue 1 August 1994 7

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
. Fit and tighten No. 4 cap securing bolts.
. Fit and tighten No. 4 cap cylinder head bolt.
CAUTION: The cylinder head bolts MUST be renewed dur- ing assembly and torque tightened as de- scribed in Section 2.1, SPS Joint Control
System.
. Repeat the procedure for Nos 2,3,5 and 6 caps, left-hand
Set the left-hand camshaft to TDC.
. Repeat the procedure for the right-hand camshaft.
. Check and adjust valve clearances see Section 4.3.
Refit the camshaft cover, see Section 4.2.
camshaft. ~~
Issue 1 August 1994 8

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
4.3
SRO 12.29.48
1 Remove camshaft cover, see Section 4.2.
1 Rotate the engine as necessary to measurethevalve clear- ances between the heel of the cam and the cam follower
(Fig.
1). See Service Data in the Preliminary Pages for the
correct valve clearances.
1 Make a note of each clearance measurement.
1 Should the clearances be incorrect, proceed as follows:
1 Rotate the engine and set No. 1 cylinder at TDC using Ser- viceTool 18G 1433 (1 Fig. 2).
Push back the lock tabs (1 Fig. 3) from the camshaft
sprocket securing bolts (2 Fig. 3).
1 Slacken off the bolts and tab washers.
1 Remove the upper chain tensioner valve clamp bolt
(3 Fig. 3), remove the clamp (4 Fig. 3) and remove the
valve (5 Fig. 3).
1 Using a 3 mm Allen key, wind back the tensioner (turn
clockwise) until the snail engages in the park position.
1 Remove the tensioner housing securing bolt (7 Fig. 3) and
remove the tensioner assembly (8,9 Fig. 3).
1 Remove and discard the '0' ring (9 Fig. 3) and gasket (10 Fig. 3).
1 Remove the camshaft sprocket securing bolts/tab washers (1,2 Fig. 3) and remove the sprockets (1 1 Fig. 3).
1 Remove the cylinder head bolt from No. 2 cap, left-hand
camshaft (1 Fig. 4).
1 Remove the cap securing bolts from No. 2 cap, left-hand
cams haft.
. Remove No. 2 cap from the left-hand camshaft.
1 Fit spacer tool 18G 1435 (2 Fig. 4) to the head.
1 Fit and torque tighten the cylinder head bolt.
1 Repeat the procedure for Nos 3,4,5 and 6 caps, left-hand
camshaft
(3 Fig. 4).
1 Remove the cylinder head bolt from No. 7 cap, left-hand
camshaft.
1 Loosen in sequence the securing bolts from Nos 1 and 7 caps, until the left-hand camshaft is free. Lift the camshaft
from the cylinder head and fit spacer tool 18G 1435 to No. 7 cylinder head bolt position (5 Fig. 4). Fit and torque
tighten the bolt.
Valve Clearance, Check and Aa'just
1 Repeat the procedure for the right-hand camshaft.
CAUTION: The cylinder head bolts
MUST be renewed dur- ing assembly and torque tightened as de- scribed in Section 2.1, SPS Joint Control
System.
111 ...
Fig. 1
1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Issue 1 August 1994 10 ~~

1.
Remove all the valve shims or only those requiring adjust- ment, check the size of the existing shims with a micrometer
and note the reading. Calculate the size of the
shim required
following the examples shown below:
VALVE CLEARANCES
For valve clearances see Service Data in the Preliminarv
I Pages
Excessive Clearance inches
Size of existing shim
Plus the actual clearance noted
Less the specified valve clearance
I
00.100
0.019
0.119
0.013
Required shim size = 0.106
Insufficient Clearance inches
Size of existing shim
0.107
Plus the actual clearance noted o.010
0.117
Less the specified valve clearance 0.013
Required shim size = 0.104
I
Fit the relevant shims to the cylinder head.
Note:
. Fit the left-hand camshaft at approximately TDC.
. Lubricate Nos 1 and 7 caps.
1 Fit No 1 cap. Fit but do not tighten the cap securing bolts.
. Remove No 7 cap cylinder head bolt.
. Remove the spacer tool.
1 Fit No. 7 cap. Fit but do not tighten the cap securing bolts.
. Finally tighten Nos 1 and 7 cap securing bolts in sequence.
. Remove No. 4 cap cylinder head bolt and remove the
. Lubricate and fit No. 4 cap.
. Fit and tighten No. 4 cap securing bolts.
. Fit and tighten No. 4 cap cylinder head bolt.
9 Repeat the procedure for Nos 2,3,5 and 6 caps, left-hand
CAUTION: The cylinder head bolts MUST be renewed dur- ing assembly and torque tightened as de- scribed in Section 2.1, SPS Joint Control
System.
See
Service Data in the Preliminary Pages for
avail- able valve shim sizes.
I
3
spacer tool.
camshaft.
1 Set the left-hand camshaft to TDC.
. Repeat the procedure for the right-hand camshaft.
Fit and align the camshaft sprockets to the chain and the
camshafts
AJ16 Engine Service Manual
11 issue 1 August 1994

AJ16 Engine Service Manual
= Refit the upper static damper assembly.
lighten the cylinder head bolts with reference to the se- quence shown in Fig. 1.
CAUTION: The cylinder head bolts MUST be renewed dur- ing assembly and torque tightened as de-
scribed in Section 2.1, SPS Joint Control
System.
Ensure that the camshaft is still on TDC using Ser
-
vice Tool 18G 1433 (1 Fig. 2).
Fit the harness clip and hose bracket to the cylinder head
front securing bolts.
Fit and tighten the front securing bolts.
1433 (1 Fig. 2).
b:
= Check the camshafts are set atTDC using Service Tool 18G
= Raise the timing chain from between the upper dampers.
Remove the elastic band.
= Fit and engage the sprockets to the chain and camshafts.
. Move all the chain free play to the tensioner side.
Fit upper chain tensioner tool 18G 1436/A (2 Fig. 3).
Fit and tighten the tool securing bolts (1 Fig. 3).
Tension the timing chain.
sprocket
(1 1 Fig. 4) and align the securing bolt holes.
bolts
(2 Fig. 4). Lock over the tabs.
Release the tension on the timing chain.
Re
-position the
chain over the camshafts.
. Remove the camshaft coupling (12 Fig. 4) from the
. Fit the tab washers (1 Fig. 4). Fit and tighten the securing
. Slacken off the upper chain tensioner tool securing bolts.
Remove the upper chain tensioner tool 18G 14361A (2 Fig.
Clean the tensioner assembly and gasket faces.
3).
Fit a new housing gasket (10 Fig. 4). Lubricate andfita new '0' ring (9 Fig. 4).
. Fit the tensioner to the cylinder head.
. Fit and tighten the tensioner assembly securing bolt
Clean the valve assembly and fit new '0' rings.
Using an Allen key, release the tensioner, ie turn the Allen
(4 Fig. 3).
Lubricate the tensioner valve.
key
anti-clockwise.
I
104 2 5 7 I l2
I Fig. 1
1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Issue 1 August 1994 14