ECO mode KIA SORENTO 2019 Service Manual

749
Maintenance
All season tires
Kia specifies all season tires on
some models to provide good per-
formance for use all year round,
including snowy and icy road condi-
tions. All season tires are identified
by ALL SEASON and/or M+S (Mud
and Snow) on the tire sidewall. Snow
tires have better snow traction than
all season tires and may be more
appropriate in some areas.
Summer tires
Kia specifies summer tires on some
models to provide superior perform-
ance on dry roads. Summer tire per-
formance is substantially reduced in
snow and ice. Summer tires do not
have the tire traction rating M+S
(Mud and Snow) on the tire side wall.
if you plan to operate your vehicle in
snowy or icy conditions, Kia recom-
mends the use of snow tires or all
season tires on all four wheels.
Snow tires
If you equip your vehicle with snow
tires, they should be the same size
and have the same load capacity as
the original tires. Snow tires should
be installed on all four wheels; other-
wise, poor handling may result.
Snow tires should carry 28 kPa (4 psi)
more air pressure than the pressure
recommended for the standard tires
on the tire label on the driver's side of
the center pillar, or up to the maxi-
mum pressure shown on the tire
sidewall, whichever is less.
Do not drive faster than 120 km/h (75
mph) when your vehicle is equipped
with snow tires.
Radial-ply tires
Radial-ply tires provide improved
tread life, road hazard resistance and
smoother high speed ride. The radi-
al-ply tires used on this vehicle are of
belted construction, and are selected
to complement the ride and handling
characteristics of your vehicle.
Radial-ply tires have the same load
carrying capacity, as bias-ply or bias
belted tires of the same size, and use
the same recommended inflation
pressure. Mixing of radial-ply tires
with bias-ply or bias belted tires is
not recommended. Any combina-
tions of radial-ply and bias-ply or bias
belted tires when used on the same
vehicle will seriously deteriorate
vehicle handling. The best rule to fol-
low is: Identical radial-ply tires should
always be used as a set of four.

Maintenance
98
7
Fabric seat cover using precau-
tions (If equipped)
Please clean the fabric seats regu-
larly with a vacuum cleaner in con-
sideration of fabric material charac-
teristics. If they are heavily soiled
with beverage stains, etc., use a suit-
able interior cleaner. To prevent dam-
age to seat covers, wipe off the seat
covers down to the seams with a
large wiping motion and moderate
pressure using a soft sponge or
microfiber cloth.
Velcro closures on clothing or sharp
objects may cause snagging or
scratches on the surface of the
seats. Make sure not to rub such
objects against the surface.
Cleaning the upholstery and inte-rior trim
Vinyl
Remove dust and loose dirt from
vinyl with a whisk broom or vacuum
cleaner. Clean vinyl surfaces with a
vinyl cleaner.
Fabric
Remove dust and loose dirt from fab-
ric with a whisk broom or vacuum
cleaner. Clean with a mild soap solu-
tion recommended for upholstery or
carpets. Remove fresh spots imme-
diately with a fabric spot cleaner. If
fresh spots do not receive immediate
attention, the fabric can be stained
and its color can be affected. Also, its
fire-resistant properties can be
reduced if the material is not proper-
ly maintained.
Using anything but recommended
cleaners and procedures may affect
the fabric’s appearance and fire-
resistant properties.
Cleaning the lap/shoulder beltwebbing
Clean the belt webbing with any mild
soap solution recommended for
cleaning upholstery or carpet. Follow
the instructions provided with the
soap. Do not bleach or re-dye the
webbing because this may weaken it.

I5
Index
Drive mode integrated control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-86SMART mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-86
SPORT mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-89
ECO mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-89
Driver Attention Warning (DAW) system . . . . . . . . . 5-110 System setting and activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-110
Resetting the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-112
System disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-113
System malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-113
Driver position memory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Driver's and passenger's front air bag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Driving at night. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-120
Driving in flooded areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-121
Driving in the rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-120
Driving off-road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-121
Driving with a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-127
Dynamic Bending Light (DBL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-130
ECO mode (Drive mode integrated control system) . . 5-89
Economical operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-115
Electric chromatic mirror (ECM) with compass . . . . . 4-63
Electric power steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-57
Electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
Electrochromic mirror (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-62
Electrochromic mirror with HomeLink system . . . . . . 4-66
Electronic parking brake (EPB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30 Electronic Stability Control (ESC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41
Emergency liftgate safety release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38
Emergency starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Jump starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Emergency while driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Emission control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-100 Crankcase emission control system . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-100
Evaporative emission control (including ORVR: Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery) system . . . 7-100
Exhaust emission control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-101
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . 8-2
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Engine coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21 Checking the coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21
Changing the coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23
Engine coolant temperature gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78
Engine number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-\
19 Checking the engine oil level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19
Changing the engine oil and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
Engine overheats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Engine start/stop button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 Illuminated engine start/stop button. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Engine start/stop button position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Engine start/stop button illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Engine start/stop button position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
E

I9
Index
Jump starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Key operations (Folding key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Key positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7Illuminated ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Ignition switch position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Label Tire sidewall labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42
Vehicle certification label. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Tire specification and pressure label . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Refrigerant label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Lane Keeping Assist (LKA) system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-91 LKA system operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-93
Driver's attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-97
LKA system malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-98
LKA system function change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-99
LCD display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-82 LCD modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-82
Trip information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83
Trip modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83 Fuel economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83
Accumulated driving information mode . . . . . . . . . 4-85
One time driving information mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-85
Digital speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Smart shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Turn by turn mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Assist mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87
Distance to empty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89
User settings mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89
LCD modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-82\
License plate lamp bulb replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-87
Liftgate (for manual liftgate) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26 Opening the liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Closing the liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Emergency liftgate safety release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27
Light bulb position (Front) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
Light bulb position (Rear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-72
Light bulb position (Side). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Light bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69\
Bulb replacement precaution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69
Light bulb position (Front). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
Light bulb position (Rear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-72
Light bulb position (Side) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Headlamp (Low beam) bulb replacement (Headlamp Type A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Headlamp (High beam) bulb replacement (Headlamp Type A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-74
J
K
L

Index
12I
Closing the sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55
Resetting the sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-56
Parking & Tail light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-124
Parking assist system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-115 Type of warning indicator and sound. . . . . . . . . . . 4-116
Parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29,7-26 Checking the parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26
Personal lamp (LED type) bulb replacement . . . . . . . . 7-88
Placing a passenger seat beltinto the auto lock mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
Position lamp (LED type) replacement (Headlamp Type A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-76
Power brakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
Power liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28 Opening the liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Closing the liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30
How to reset the power liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33
Power liftgate opening height user setting. . . . . . . . 4-34
Power outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-175
Power window lock button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43
Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35\
Pre-tensioner seat belt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 Rear parking assist system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-111
Operation of the rear parking assist system . . . . . . 4-111
Non-operational conditions of rear parking assist system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-112
Rear parking assist system precautions . . . . . . . . . 4-113
Self-diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-114
Rear seat adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 Headrest(rear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Rear turn signal lamp (Bulb type) bulb replacement . . 7-80
Rear view camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-120
Rear window wiper and washer switch . . . . . . . . . . . 4-134
Recommended lubricants and capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 Recommended SAE viscosity number. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Record your key number (Folding key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Record your key number (Smart key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Reducing the risk of a rollover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-117
Refrigerant label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Remote control (Outside rear view mirror) . . . . . . . . . 4-72
Reporting safety defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Resetting the sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-56
Reverse parking aid function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-73
Road warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Rocking the vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-119
Roof rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18\
5
Room lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-136R

I13
Index
Room lamp bulb replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-87
Rotation (Tire) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-39
Safety chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-127
Scheduled maintenance service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9Normal maintenance schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Maintenance under severe usage conditions . . . . . . 7-13
Seat belt restraint system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Seat belt warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Seat belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
3-26 Seat belt restraint system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Seat belt warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Pre-tensioner seat belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
Care of seat belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
Seat cooler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-174
Seat warmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-173
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . . 3-2 Front seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
2nd row seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3rd row seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Securing a child restraint seat withchild seat lower anchor system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
Securing a child restraint seatwith tether anchor system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
Side air bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61\
Side curtain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-183
Side marker (front) (LED type) bulb replacement . . . . 7-77
Side marker (rear) (Bulb type) bulb replacement. . . . . 7-82
Side marker (rear) (LED type) bulb replacement. . . . . 7-83
Side repeater lamp (LED type) bulb replacement . . . . 7-78
Sliding the sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53
Smart cruise control with stop & go system . . . . . . . . 5-67
Smart cruise control switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69
Speed setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69
Vehicle to vehicle distance setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-74
To adjust the sensitivity of smart cruise control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-79
To convert to cruise control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-79
Limitations of the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-80
Smart key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-\
12 Record your key number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Smart key function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Loss of the smart key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Smart key precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Battery replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Immobilizer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Smart key function (Smart key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Smart key precautions (Smart key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Smart liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34 How to use the Smart Liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34
How to deactivate the Smart Liftgate function using the smart key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37
Detecting area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37
S

I15
Index
Tire pressure monitoring system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9Check tire pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Low tire pressure telltale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Changing a tire with TPMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Tire replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
Tire rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-39
Tire specification and pressure label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Tires and wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37,8-5 Tire care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37\
Recommended cold tire inflation pressures . . . . . . . 7-37
Tire pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38
Checking tire inflation pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38
Tire rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-39
Wheel alignment and tire balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-40
Tire replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
Wheel replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42
Tire traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42
Tire maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42
Tire sidewall labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46
Tire terminology and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48
All season tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Summer tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Snow tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Radial-ply tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. 6-26 Towing service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26 Trailer towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-126
Hitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12\
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Safety chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-127
Trailer brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-127
Driving with a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-127
Maintenance when trailer towing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-131
If you do decide to pull a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-132
Transmission - Automatic transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Transmission shift indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-80
Transmitter precautions (Folding key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Trip information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83
Trip modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83\
Turn by turn mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Turn signals and lane change signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-128
USB charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-178
User settings mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89
Using a child restraint system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
Vanity mirror lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-138
Vanity mirror lamp (Bulb type) bulb replacement . . . . 7-90
Vanity mirror lamp (LED type) bulb replacement . . . . 7-90
Vehicle break-in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Vehicle certification label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
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