engine LEXUS SC400 1991 Service Repair Manual

(c) Remove the eight nuts, exhaust manifold and gasket.
47. REMOVE EXHAUST MANIFOLD FROM LH CYLINDER HEAD
(a) Remove the three bolts and heat insulator.
(b) Remove the main oxygen sensor.
(c) Remove the eight nuts, exhaust manifold and gasket.
DISASSEMBLY OF CYLINDER HEADS
(See Components on page EM±59)
1. REMOVE VALVE LIFTERS AND ADJUSTING SHIMS
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HINT: Arrange the valve lifters and adjusting shims in correct
order.
2. REMOVE VALVES (a) Using SST, compress the valve spring and remove thetwo keepers.
SST 09202±70010
(b) Remove the following parts: (1) Spring retainer
(2) Valve spring
(3) Valve
(4) Spring seat
HINT: Arrange the valves, valve springs, spring seats and
spring retainers in correct order.
(c) Using needle±nose pliers, remove the oil seal.
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INSPECTION, CLEANING AND REPAIR
OF CYLINDER HEAD COMPONENTS
1. CLEAN TOP SURFACES OF PISTONS AND CYLINDERBLOCK
(a) Turn the crankshaft and bring each piston to top deadcenter (TDC). Using a gasket scraper, remove all the
carbon from the piston top surfaces.
(b) Using a gasket scraper, remove all the gasket material from the top surfaces of the cylinder block.
(c) Using compressed air, blow carbon and oil from the bolt
holes.
CAUTION: Protect your eyes when using high±pressure
compressed air.
2. CLEAN CYLINDER HEADS
A. Remove gasket material Using a gasket scraper, remove all the gasket material from the cylinder block surface.
NOTICE: Be careful not to scratch the cylinder block con-
tact surface.
B. Clean combustion chambers Using a wire brush, remove all the carbon from the combus-
tion chambers.
NOTICE: Be careful not to scratch the cylinder block con-
tact surface.
C. Clean valve guide bushings Using a valve guide bushing brush and solvent, clean all the
guide bushings.
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D. Clean cylinder headsUsing a soft brush and solvent, thoroughly clean the cylinder
heads.
3. INSPECT CYLINDER HEADS
A. Inspect for flatness Using a precision straight edge and feeler gauge, measure
the surfaces contacting the cylinder block and manifolds for
warpage.
Maximum warpage: 0.10 mm (0.0039 in.)
If warpage is greater than maximum, replace the cylinder
head.
B. Inspect for cracks Using a dye penetrant, check the combustion chamber, in-
take ports, exhaust ports and cylinder block surface for
cracks.
If cracked, replace the cylinder head.
4. CLEAN VALVES (a) Using a gasket scraper, chip any carbon from the valvehead.
(b) Using a wire brush, thoroughly clean the valve.
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5. INSPECT VALVE STEMS AND GUIDE BUSHINGS(a) Using a caliper gauge, measure the inside diameter ofthe guide bushing.
Bushing inside diameter:
6.010±6.030 mm (0.2366±0.2374 in.)
(b) Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of the valvestem.
Valve stem diameter:
Intake 5.970±5.985 mm (0.2350±0.2356 in.)
Exhaust 5.965±5.980 mm (0.2348±0.2354 in.)
(c) Subtract the diameter measurement of the valve stemfrom the inside diameter measurement of the guide
bushing.
Standard oil clearance:
Intake 0.025±0.060 mm (0.0010±0.0024 in.)
Exhaust 0.030±0.065 mm (0.0012±0.0026 in.)
Maximum oil clearance: Intake 0.08 mm (0.0031 in.)
Exhaust 0.10 mm (0.0039 in.)
If the clearance is greater than maximum, replace the valve
and guide bushing.
6. IF NECESSARY, REPLACE VALVE GUIDE BUSHINGS (a) Insert an old valve wrapped with tape into the valveguide bushing, and break off the valve guide bushing by
hitting it with a hammer. Remove the snap ring.
HINT: Wrap the tape approx. 8 mm (0.31 in.) from the stem
end.
NOTICE: Be careful not to damage the valve lifter hole.
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(b) Gradually heat the cylinder head to 80±1005C (176±2125F).
(c) Using SST and a hammer, tap out the guide bushing.
SST 09201±70010
(d) Using a caliper g auge, measure the bushing bore
diameter of the cylinder head.
Both intake and exhaust
 Bushing bore diameter mm (in.) Bushing size 


11.000±11.027
(0.4331±0.4342) 

Use STD
 


11.050±11.077
(0.4350±0.4361) 


Use O/S 0.05
(e) Select a new guide bushing (STD size or O/S 0.05).
If the bushing bore diameter of the cylinder head is greater
than 11.027 mm (0.4341 in.), grind the bushing bore to the
following dimension:
11.050±11.077 mm (0.4350±0.4361 in.)
If the bushing bore diameter of the cylinder head is greater
than 11.077 mm (0.4361 in.), replace the cylinder head.
(f) Gradually heat the cylinder head to 80±1005C (176
±2125F).
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(g) Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new guide bushinguntil the snap ring makes contact with the cylinder head.
SST 09201±70010
HINT: Different the bushings are used for the intake and ex-
haust.
(h) Using a sharp 6 mm reamer, ream the guide bushing to obtain the standard specified clearance (See page
EM±80 ) between the guide bushing and valve stem.
7. INSPECT AND GRIND VALVES (a) Grind the valve enough to remove pits and carbon.
(b) Check that the valve is ground to the correct valve faceangle.
Valve face angle: 44.5 5
(c) Check the valve head margin thickness.
Standard margin thickness: 1.0 mm (0.039 in.)
Minimum margin thickness: 0.5 mm (0.020 in.)
If the margin thickness is less than minimum, replace the
valve.
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(d) Check the valve overall length.
Standard overall length:Intake 94.95 mm (3.7382 in.)
Exhaust 96.90 mm (3.8150 in.)
Minimum overall length: Intake 94.45 mm (3.7185 in.)
Exhaust 96.40 mm (3.7953 in.)
If the overall length is less than minimum, replace the valve.
(e) Check the surface of the valve stem tip for wear.
If the valve stem tip is worn, resurface the tip with a grinder
or replace the valve.
NOTICE: Do not grind off more than the minimum overall
length.
8. INSPECT AND CLEAN VALVE SEATS (a) Using a 455 carbide cutter, resurface the valve seats.
Remove only enough metal to clean the seats.
(b) Check the valve seating position.
Apply a thin coat of prussian blue (or white lead) to the valve
face. Lightly press the valve against the seat. Do not rotate
the valve.
(c) Check the valve face and seat for the following:w If blue appears 3605 around the face, the valve is
concentric. If not, replace the valve.
w If blue appears 3605 around the valve seat, the
guide and face are concentric. If not, resurface the
seat.
w Check that the seat contact is on the middle of the
valve face with the following width:
1.0±1.4 mm (0.039±0.055 in.)
If not, correct the valve seats as follows:
(1) If the seating is too high on the valve face, use 30 5
and 45 5 cutters to correct the seat.
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(2) If the seating is too low on the valve face, use 755
and 45 5 cutters to correct the seat.
(d) Hand±lap the valve and valve seat with an abrasive compound.
(e) After hand±lapping, clean the valve and valve seat.
9. INSPECT VALVE SPRINGS (a) Using a steel square, measure the squareness of thevalve spring.
Maximum squareness: 2.0 mm (0.079 in.)
If squareness is greater than maximum, replace the valve
spring.
(b) Using a vernier caliper, measure the free length of the
valve spring.
Free length: 43.6 mm (1.717 in.)
If the free length is not as specified, replace the valve spring.
(c) Using a spring tester, measure the tension of the valvespring at the specified installed length.
Installed tension (at 32.9 mm (1.295 in.):
186±206 N (19.0±21.0 kgf, 41.9±46.3 lbf)
If the installed tension is not as specified, replace the valve
spring.
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10. INSPECT CAMSHAFTS AND BEARINGS
A. Inspect camshaft for runout(a) Place the camshaft on V±blocks.
(b) Using a dial indicator, measure the circle runout at thecenter journal.
Maximum circle runout: 0.08 mm (0.0031 in.)
If the circle runout is greater than maximum, replace the cam-
shaft.
B. Inspect cam lobes Using a micrometer, measure the cam lobe height.
Standard cam lobe height:
Intake 41.710±41.810 mm (1.6421±1.6461 in.)
Exhaust 41.910±42.010 mm (1.6500±1.6539 in.)
Minimum cam lobe height: Intake 41.56 mm (1.6362 in.)
Exhaust 41.76 mm (1.6441 in.)
If the cam lobe height is less than minimum, replace the cam-
shaft.
C. Inspect camshaft journals Using a micrometer, measure the journal diameter.
Journal diameter:
Exhaust camshaft thrust portion (A) 23.959±23.975 mm
(0.9433±0.9439 in.)
Others 26.954±26.970 mm (1.0612±1.0618 in.)
If the journal diameter is not as specified, check the oil clear-
ance.
D. Inspect camshaft bearings Check the bearings for flaking and scoring.
If the bearings are damaged, replace the bearing caps and
cylinder head as a set.
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