steering LINCOLN NAVIGATOR 2018 Owner's Guide

Shifting To or From 4L - 4X4 LOW
Note:4L mode is not intended for use on drypavement.
1. Bring the vehicle to a rolling speed of3 mph (5 km/h) or less.
2. Place the gearshift in neutral (N).
3. Rotate the drive mode knob to desiredmode.
The information display shows a messageindicating a 4X4 shift is in progress. Theinformation display shows the system modeselected. If any of the previous shiftconditions are not present, the shift does notoccur and the information display shows theinformation guiding the driver through theproper shifting procedures. If the previousconditions are not satisfied in 30 seconds,the system reverts back to the previous 4WDmode or drive mode.
If Shift Delayed Pull Forward displays in theinformation display, transfer case gear toothblockage is present. To alleviate thiscondition, place the transmission in a forwardgear, move the vehicle forwardapproximately 5 ft (2 m), and shift thetransmission back to neutral (N) to allow thetransfer case to complete the range shift.
Operating 4WD Vehicles With Spareor Mismatched Tires
On four-wheel drive vehicles, the size of thespare tire can affect the 4X4 system. If thereis a significant difference between the sizeof the spare tire and the remaining tires, youmay have limited four-wheel drivefunctionality.
When driving with the full-size dissimilarspare wheel and tire assembly, it isrecommended that you do not:
•Exceed 50 mph (80 km/h) with a 4WDmode turned on.
•Turn on a 4WD mode unless the vehicleis stationary.
•Use a 4WD mode on dry pavement.
Use of a dissimilar spare wheel and tireassembly may lead to impairment of thefollowing:
•Comfort and noise.
•Winter weather driving capability.
•Wet driving capability.
•Four-wheel drive capability.
How Your Vehicle Differs From OtherVehicles
WARNING: Vehicles with a highercenter of gravity (utility and four-wheeldrive vehicles) handle differently thanvehicles with a lower center of gravity(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,excessive speed and abrupt steering inthese vehicles. Failure to drive cautiouslyincreases the risk of losing control of yourvehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

Truck and utility vehicles can differ fromsome other vehicles. Your vehicle may behigher to allow it to travel over rough terrainwithout getting hung up or damagingunderbody components.
The differences that make your vehicle soversatile also make it handle differently thanan ordinary passenger car.
Maintain steering wheel control at all times,especially in rough terrain. Since suddenchanges in terrain can result in abruptsteering wheel motion, make sure you gripthe steering wheel from the outside. Do notgrip the spokes.
Drive cautiously to avoid vehicle damagefrom concealed objects such as rocks andstumps.
You should either know the terrain orexamine maps of the area before driving.Map out your route before driving in the area.To maintain steering and braking control ofyour vehicle, you must have all four wheelson the ground and they must be rolling, notsliding or spinning.
Driving Off-Road With Truck and UtilityVehicles
Note:On some models, the initial shift fromtwo-wheel drive to four-wheel drive whenthe vehicle is moving can cause somemomentary clunk and ratcheting sounds.This is the front drivetrain coming up tospeed and the automatic locking hubsengaging and is not cause for concern.
Note:Your vehicle may have a front air dam.Due to low ground clearance, you candamage it when taking your vehicle off-road.You can take the air dam off by removingthe bolts that secure it.
Four-wheel drive vehicles are speciallyequipped for driving on sand, snow, mud andrough terrain and have operatingcharacteristics that are somewhat differentfrom conventional vehicles, both on and offthe road.
Power is supplied to all four wheels througha transfer case. On four-wheel drive vehicles,the transfer case allows you to utilizedifferent 4X4 modes when necessary.Information on transfer case operation andshifting procedures can be found in this
chapter and the Driving Aids chapter.Information on transfer case maintenancecan be found in the Maintenance chapter.You should become thoroughly familiar withthis information before you operate yourvehicle.
Four-wheel drive, when you select a4X4-capable drive mode, it uses all fourwheels to power the vehicle. This increasestraction, enabling you to drive over terrainand road conditions that a conventionaltwo-wheel drive vehicle cannot.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

Basic Operating Principles
•Do not use SLIPPERY, DEEPCONDITIONS or SLOW CLIMB on dry,hard surfaced roads. Doing so producesexcessive noise, increases tire wear andmay damage drive components. The 4X4system in these modes is only intendedfor consistently slippery or loosesurfaces.
•Drive slower in strong crosswinds whichcan affect the normal steeringcharacteristics of your vehicle.
•When driving your vehicle on surfacesmade slippery by loose sand, water,gravel, snow or ice, proceed with care.
If Your Vehicle leaves the Road
If your vehicle leaves the road, reduce yourvehicle speed and avoid severe braking.When your vehicle speed has been reducedease your vehicle back onto the road. Donot turn the steering wheel sharply whenreturning your vehicle to the road.
It may be safer to stay on the shoulder of theroad and slow down gradually beforereturning to the road. You may lose controlif you do not slow down or if you turn thesteering wheel too sharply or abruptly.
It may be less risky to strike small objects,such as freeway reflectors, with minordamage to your vehicle rather than attempta sudden return to the road which couldcause your vehicle to slide sideways out ofcontrol or roll over. Remember, your safetyand the safety of others should be yourprimary concern.
If your vehicle gets stuck
WARNING: Do not spin the wheelsat over 34 mph (55 km/h). The tires mayfail and injure a passenger or bystander.
Note:Do not rock your vehicle if the engineis not at normal operating temperature,damage to the transmission may occur.
Note:Do not rock your vehicle for more thana minute, damage to the transmission andtires may occur or the engine may overheat.
If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow itmay be rocked out by shifting betweenforward and reverse gears, stoppingbetween shifts, in a steady pattern. Presslightly on the accelerator in each gear.
Emergency Maneuvers
In an unavoidable emergency situationwhere a sudden sharp turn must be made,remember to avoid over-driving your vehicle(i.e. turn the steering wheel only as rapidlyand as far as required to avoid theemergency). Excessive steering can resultin loss of vehicle control. Apply smoothpressure to the accelerator pedal or brakepedal when changes in vehicle speed arerequired. Avoid abrupt steering, accelerationand braking. This could result in an increasedrisk of vehicle roll over, loss of vehicle controland personal injury. Use all available roadsurface to bring your vehicle to a safedirection of travel.
In the event of an emergency stop, avoidskidding the tires and do not attempt anysharp steering wheel movements.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

If your vehicle goes from one type of surfaceto another (i.e. from concrete to gravel) theremay be a change in the way your vehicleresponds to a maneuver (i.e. steering,acceleration or braking).
Sand
When driving over sand, try to keep all fourwheels on the most solid area of the trail.Avoid reducing the tire pressures but shiftto a lower gear and drive steadily throughthe terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly andavoid excessive wheel slip.
Avoid driving at excessive speeds, thiscauses vehicle momentum to work againstyou and your vehicle could become stuck tothe point that assistance may be requiredfrom another vehicle. Remember, you maybe able to back out the way you came if youproceed with caution.
Mud and Water
Note:Driving through deep water maydamage the vehicle.
If you must drive through high water, driveslowly. Traction or brake capability may belimited.
When driving through water, determine thedepth and avoid water higher than thebottom of the hubs. If the ignition systemgets wet, your vehicle may stall.
Once through water, always try the brakes.Wet brakes do not stop your vehicle aseffectively as dry brakes. Drying can beimproved by applying light pressure to thebrake pedal when moving slowly.
Be cautious of sudden changes in vehiclespeed or direction when you are driving inmud. Even 4X4 vehicles can lose traction inslick mud. As when you are driving oversand, apply the accelerator slowly and avoidspinning your wheels. If the vehicle doesslide, steer in the direction of the slide untilyou regain control of the vehicle.
If the transmission, transfer case or front axleare submerged in water, their fluids shouldbe checked and changed, if necessary.
If the front or rear axle is submerged in water,the axle lubricant should be replaced.
After driving through mud, clean off residuestuck to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excessmud stuck on tires and rotating driveshaftscauses an imbalance that could damagedrive components.
Driving on Hilly or Sloping Terrain
Note:Avoid driving crosswise or turning onsteep slopes or hills.
Note: Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills. A danger lies in losing traction, slippingsideways and possible vehicle roll over. Whenever driving on a hill, determinebeforehand the route you will use. Do notdrive over the crest of a hill without seeingwhat conditions are on the other side. Donot drive in reverse over a hill without theaid of an observer.
Although natural obstacles may make itnecessary to travel diagonally up or down ahill or steep incline, you should always try todrive straight up or straight down.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

When climbing a steep slope or hill, start ina lower gear rather than downshifting to alower gear from a higher gear once theascent has started. This reduces strain onthe engine and the possibility of stalling.
If your vehicle stalls, do not try to turn aroundbecause this could cause vehicle roll over.It is better to reverse back to a safe location.
Apply just enough power to the wheels toclimb the hill. Too much power causes thetires to slip, spin or lose traction, resulting inloss of vehicle control.
Descend a hill in the same gear you woulduse to climb up the hill to avoid excessivebrake application and brake overheating. Donot descend in neutral. Disengage overdriveor move the transmission selector lever to alower gear. When descending a steep hill,avoid sudden hard braking as you could losecontrol. The front wheels have to be turningin order to steer your vehicle.
If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes, apply thebrakes steadily. Do not pump the brakes.
Driving on Snow and Ice
WARNING: If you are driving inslippery conditions that require tire chainsor cables, then it is critical that you drivecautiously. Keep speeds down, allow forlonger stopping distances and avoidaggressive steering to reduce the chancesof a loss of vehicle control which can leadto serious injury or death. If the rear endof your vehicle slides while cornering, steerin the direction of the slide until you regaincontrol of your vehicle.
Note:Excessive tire slippage can causetransmission damage.
Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantagesover two-wheel drive vehicles in snow andice but can skid like any other vehicle.Should you start to slide when driving onsnowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheelin the direction of the slide until you regaincontrol.
Avoid sudden applications of power andquick changes of direction on snow and ice.Apply the accelerator slowly and steadilywhen starting from a full stop.
Avoid sudden braking. Although a four-wheeldrive vehicle may accelerate better than atwo-wheel drive vehicle in snow and ice, itdoes not stop any faster as braking occursat all four wheels. Do not becomeoverconfident in any road condition.
Make sure you allow sufficient distancebetween you and other vehicles for stopping.Drive slower than usual and consider usingone of the lower gears. In emergencystopping situations, apply the brake steadily.Do not pump the brake pedal. See Hints onDriving With Anti-Lock Brakes (page 226).
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)E143949

Maintenance and Modifications
The suspension and steering systems onyour vehicle have been designed and testedto provide predictable performance whetherloaded or empty. For this reason, we stronglyrecommend that you do not makemodifications such as adding or removingparts (i.e. lift kits or stabilizer bars) or by usingreplacement parts not equivalent to theoriginal factory equipment.
We recommend that you use caution whenyour vehicle has either a high load or device(i.e. ladder or luggage racks). Anymodifications to your vehicle that raise thecenter of gravity may cause your vehicle toroll over when there is a loss of vehiclecontrol.
Failure to maintain your vehicle correctly mayvoid the warranty, increase your repair cost,reduce vehicle performance and operationalcapabilities and adversely affect you andyour passenger's safety. We recommend youfrequently inspect your vehicle's chassiscomponents when your vehicle is subject tooff road usage.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

GENERAL INFORMATION
Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. Ifa metal-to-metal, continuous grinding orcontinuous squeal sound is present, thebrake linings may be worn-out and anauthorized dealer should check them. If thevehicle has continuous vibration or shudderin the steering wheel while braking, anauthorized dealer should check your vehicle.
Note:Brake dust may accumulate on thewheels, even under normal drivingconditions. Some dust is inevitable as thebrakes wear and does not contribute tobrake noise. See Cleaning the Wheels(page 389).
See Warning Lamps andIndicators (page 113).
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when driving from a car wash orstanding water to dry the brakes.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal becomesstuck or entrapped, apply steady and firmpressure to the brake pedal to slow thevehicle and reduce engine power. If youexperience this condition, apply the brakesand bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Switchthe engine off, move the transmission to park(P) and apply the parking brake. Inspect theaccelerator pedal and the area around it forany items or debris that may be obstructingits movement.If none are found and thecondition persists, have your vehicle towedto the nearest authorized dealer.
Emergency Brake Assist
Emergency brake assist detects when youbrake heavily by measuring the rate at whichyou press the brake pedal. It providesmaximum braking efficiency as long as youpress the pedal. Emergency brake assistcan reduce stopping distances in criticalsituations.
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steeringcontrol during emergency stops by keepingthe brakes from locking.
This lamp momentarily illuminateswhen you switch the ignition on. Ifthe light does not illuminate duringstart up, remains on or flashes, the anti-lockbraking system may be disabled. Have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer. Ifthe anti-lock brake system is disabled,normal braking is still effective.
If the brake warning lampilluminates with the parking brakereleased, have your brake systemserviced immediately.
It also illuminates momentarily when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lamp isfunctional. If it does not illuminate when youswitch the ignition on, or begins to flash atany time, have the system checked by anauthorized dealer.
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BrakesE138644 E138644

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarket roofracks, suspension, steering system, tireconstruction and wheel and tire size maychange the handling characteristics of yourvehicle and may adversely affect theperformance of the electronic stabilitycontrol system. In addition, installing anystereo loudspeakers may interfere withand adversely affect the electronic stabilitycontrol system. Install any aftermarketstereo loudspeaker as far as possible fromthe front center console, the tunnel, andthe front seats in order to minimize the riskof interfering with the electronic stabilitycontrol sensors. Reducing theeffectiveness of the electronic stabilitycontrol system could lead to an increasedrisk of loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy the lawsof physics. It’s always possible to losecontrol of a vehicle due to inappropriatedriver input for the conditions. Aggressivedriving on any road condition can causeyou to lose control of your vehicleincreasing the risk of personal injury orproperty damage. Activation of theelectronic stability control system is anindication that at least some of the tireshave exceeded their ability to grip theroad; this could reduce the operator’sability to control the vehicle potentiallyresulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death. If yourelectronic stability control system activates,SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on each timeyou switch the ignition on.
If a fault occurs in either the stability controlor the traction control system, you mayexperience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightilluminates steadily.
•The stability control and traction controlsystems do not enhance your vehicle'sability to maintain traction of the wheels.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or the traction control systemyou may experience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
•A vibration in the brake pedal.
•The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
•If the driving condition is severe and yourfoot is not on the brake, the brake pedalmay move as the system applies higherbrake force.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
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Stability Control

When you shift to reverse (R), the sidesensing system provides audible warningswhen your vehicle is moving and obstaclesare detected within 24 in (60 cm) and areinside the driving path of your vehicle. Whenyou stop your vehicle the audible warningstops after two seconds.
Note:Visual distance indication remains onwhen the transmission is in reverse (R).
When you shift to drive (D) or any otherforward gear, for example, low (L), sport (S)or any forward gear in manual transmission,the side sensing system provides audibleand visual distance warnings when yourvehicle is moving below a speed of 5 mph(8 km/h) and obstacles are detected within24 in (60 cm) and are inside the driving pathof your vehicle. Once your vehicle reachesa standstill condition, the audible warningstops after two seconds and visual indicationstops after four seconds.
If the transmission is in neutral (N), the sidesensing system provides visual distanceindication only when your vehicle is movingbelow a speed of 5 mph (8 km/h) and thereis a front or rear parking aid obstacledetected, and the side obstacle is within24 in (60 cm) from the side of your vehicle.When you stop your vehicle the visualdistance indication stops after four seconds.
If the side sensing system is not available,the side distance indicator blocks do notappear.
The side sensing system is not availableunder the following condition:
•If you switch the traction control systemoff.
The side sensing system may not beavailable until you have driven approximatelythe length of your vehicle in order for thesystem to reinitialize if:
•You switch the ignition on, off and backon.
•Your vehicle remains stationary for overtwo minutes.
•The anti-lock brake system is activated.
•The traction control system is activated.
•When the steering wheel angleinformation is not available, the sidesensing system is not available. Thevehicle must be driven at least 492 ft(150 m) above 19 mph (30 km/h) torecover the steering wheel angleinformation.
ACTIVE PARK ASSIST (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING: You must remain in yourvehicle when the system turns on. At alltimes, you are responsible for controllingyour vehicle, supervising the system andintervening, if required. Failure to take caremay result in the loss of control of yourvehicle, serious personal injury or death.
WARNING: The sensors may notdetect objects in heavy rain or otherconditions that cause interference.
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Parking Aids

WARNING: Active park assist doesnot apply the brakes under anycircumstances.
WARNING: You are responsible forcontrolling your vehicle at all times. Thesystem is designed to be an aid and doesnot relieve you of your responsibility todrive with due care and attention. Failureto follow this instruction could result in theloss of control of your vehicle, personalinjury or death.
Active park assist is a multi-step process andmay require you to shift the transmissionmultiple times. Follow the onscreeninstructions until the parking maneuver iscomplete.
If you are uncomfortable with the proximityto any vehicle or object, you may choose tooverride the system by grabbing the steeringwheel, or by taking full control of your vehicleafter pressing the active park assist button.
Keep your hands, hair, clothing and anyloose items clear of the steering wheel whenusing active park assist.
The sensors are on the front and rearbumpers.
Note:Keep the sensors free from snow, iceand large accumulations of dirt.
Note:Do not cover up the sensors.
Note:Do not clean the sensors with sharpobjects.
Note:The sensors may not detect objectswith surfaces that absorb ultrasonic waves.The sensors may falsely detect objects dueto ultrasonic interference caused bymotorcycle exhausts, truck air brakes orhorns, for example.
Note:If you change any tires, the systemmust recalibrate and may not correctlyoperate for a short time.
The system may not correctly operate in anyof the following conditions:
•You use a spare tire or a tire that issignificantly worn more than the othertires.
•One or more tires are incorrectly inflated.
•You try to park on a tight curve.
•Something passes between the frontbumper and the parking space. Forexample, a pedestrian or cyclist.
•The edge of the neighboring parkedvehicle is high off the ground. Forexample, a bus, tow truck or flatbedtruck.
•The weather conditions are poor. Forexample, during heavy rain, snow, fog,high humidity and high temperatures.
Do not use the system if:
•You have attached an add-on accessoryclose to the sensors on the front or rearof your vehicle. For example, a bike rackor trailer.
•You have attached an overhangingobject to the roof. For example, asurfboard.
•The front bumper, rear bumper or theside sensors are damaged.
•The correct tire size is not in use on yourvehicle. For example, a mini-spare tire.
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Parking Aids