wheel bolt torque MAZDA MIATA 1991 Factory Service Manual

ADJUSTMENTS
CLOCKSPRING CENTERING
Set front wheels in straight-ahead position. Turn clockspring connector clockwise until it stops (do not force).
Return connector 2 3/4 turns counterclockwise. Rotate clockspring connector further, if necessary, to align
marks on connector and outer housing.
DISPOSAL PROCEDURES
DEPLOYED AIR BAG
Dispose deployed air bag module as you would any other part. Wear gloves and safety glasses when handling
air bag module.
SCRAPPED VEHICLE
1. Ensure vehicle is outside, and away from other vehicles and people. Open convertible top and doors.
Disconnect negative battery cable.
2. Ensure air bag module is firmly mounted to steering wheel. Remove knee protector and disconnect
Orange and Blue clockspring connectors at base of steering column. See Fig. 1
. Cut clockspring
connector Blue wires.
3. Connect 2 jumper wires (20 feet long) to cut clockspring wires. Connect other ends of wires to a 12-volt
battery to deploy air bag. Because of heat, wait 10 MINUTES before touching deployed air bag.
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
CRASH SENSORS NOTE: Perform the following procedures when scrapping a vehicle with undeployed air
bag.
WARNING:Follow air bag service precautions to prevent accidentalair bag
deployment and personal injury. See SERVICE PRECAUTIONS.
NOTE: After component replacement, check system to ensure proper operation. See
SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK.
NOTE: Crash sensor orientation and mounting is important for proper operation. All
sensors must be positioned so that arrow points forward. If there is sheet metal
damage near sensor mounting point, inspect body structure at sensor
mounting point for deformation. If damaged, restore to original shape. Ensure
sensor mounting bolts or nuts are tightened to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS table.

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM MAZDA 1990-91 AIR BAGS
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TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
Trouble Shooting
AIR BAG warning light flashes are used to diagnose air bag system. The number of warning light flashes
depends on the type of fault being detected. Codes are prioritized so that if 2 or more faults are present, the
highest test-priority fault indication will remain until corrected.
Warning Light Does Not Illuminate
Check for blown fuses, burned-out bulb, disconnected diagnostic module, or open circuit between warning light
and diagnostic module.
Warning Light Flashes Or Remains On
Check code output of AIR BAG warning light. See AIR BAG FLASH CODES table.
AIR BAG FLASH CODES
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Air Bag Module Nuts12-15 (16-20)
Steering Wheel Nut29-36 (39-49)
INCH Lbs. (N.m)
Front Impact Sensor Bolts78-113 (9-13)
Rear Safing Sensor Nuts
Miata78-113 (9-13)
RX761-87 (7-10)
WARNING:Follow air bag service precautions to prevent accidentalair bag
deployment and personal injury. See SERVICE PRECAUTIONS.
NOTE: After component replacement, check system to ensure proper operation. See
SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK.
PriorityFlash CodeCause/Diagnosis
1Remains OnFaulty Diagnostic Module
Poor Connection Of Diagnostic
Module Connector (See
DIAGNOSTIC TEST NO. 1)
2Flashes 3 TimesOpen Circuit
Poor Connection Of Power Source

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM MAZDA 1990-91 AIR BAGS
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WHEEL SPEED SENSOR ROTORS
Inspection
Perform a comprehensive visual inspection of sensor rotor. If any damage is noted, replace sensor rotor. Sensor
rotors are attached to wheel hubs.
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
HYDRAULIC UNIT
Removal
Remove hydraulic lines from unit. Disconnect hydraulic unit connectors. Remove nuts securing unit. Remove
hydraulic unit.
Bleeding Hydraulic Unit
Before bleeding hydraulic unit, bleed brake system in appropriate sequence. See BRAKE LINE BLEEDING
SEQUENCE TABLE under BLEEDING BRAKE SYSTEM. Bleed hydraulic unit by opening bleeder screw on
unit. See Fig. 12
.
Installation
To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten mounting bolts to specification. See TORQUE
ApplicationConnector Terminals (1)
Miata
Left Front"K" & "G"
Left Rear"O" & "Q"
Right Front"U" & "F"
Right Rear"L" & "P"
RX7
Left Front"D" & "F"
Left Rear"H" & "I"
Right Front"U" & "W"
Right Rear"X" & "Z"
929
Left Front"K" & "G"
Left Rear"O" & "Q"
Right Front"J" & "F"
Right Rear"L" & "P"
(1)See Fig. 4 or Fig. 5 to identify ABS control unit terminals.

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1988-91 BRAKES Mazda Anti-Lock Brake System
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SPECIFICATIONS TABLE at end of article.
Fig. 12: Locating Hydraulic Unit Bleeder Screw

Courtesy of MAZDA MOTORS CORP.
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR ROTOR
Removal (Miata)
Remove brake caliper. Remove wheel hub. On rear axle, carefully remove sensor rotor from axle using a chisel.
On front rotor, remove sensor rotor using Puller (49- 0839-425C).
Installation
Press sensor rotor onto axle using Installer (49- H026-101A). Install sensor rotor on front rotor with chamfered
edge toward hub using Press Adapter (49-F001-95). To complete installation, reverse removal procedure.
Tighten mounting bolts to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE at end of article.
Removal & Installation (RX7)
Remove brake caliper and wheel hub. On rear hub, remove wheel hub from outer toe control hub using Puller
(49-F026-103) and Installer (49-F026-102). On front rotor, remove rotor-to-hub bolts using Allen wrench. On
rear rotor, remove rotor-to-hub screws. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten mounting bolts to
specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE at end of article.
Removal & Installation (929)

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1988-91 BRAKES Mazda Anti-Lock Brake System
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Remove brake caliper and wheel hub. On rear axle, carefully remove sensor rotor from axle using chisel. On
front rotor, remove sensor rotor using Puller (49-0839-425C). To install, press sensor rotors onto axle and front
rotor using Installer (49-H026-101A). On front rotor, install sensor rotor with chamfered edge toward hub. To
complete installation, reverse removal procedure. Tighten mounting bolts to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS TABLE at end of article.
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
Removal & Installation
Unplug wheel sensor connector. Remove sensor bolt. Remove wheel sensor from vehicle. To install, reverse
removal procedure. On RX7, adjust wheel sensor so clearance between sensor and rotor is .016-.039" (.40-1.0
mm). Tighten mounting bolts to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE at end of article.
DIAGNOSING ABS SYSTEM
ABS TESTER OPERATION
Fig. 13: Operating ABS Tester

Courtesy of MAZDA MOTORS CORP.
TESTING SEQUENCE

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1988-91 BRAKES Mazda Anti-Lock Brake System
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Fig. 3: Removing Axle Shaft From Hub Assembly
Courtesy of MAZDA MOTORS CORP.
2. Remove upper control arm bolt, and pull knuckle/hub assembly outward. Remove inner CV joint from
differential flange. Remove axle shaft from knuckle/hub assembly. If axle shaft is stuck in knuckle/hub
assembly, use plastic or soft-faced hammer to tap axle shaft from knuckle/hub assembly. See Fig. 3
.
Remove axle shaft lock nut.
Installation
To install, reverse removal procedure. Align marks on differential and axle shaft flanges. Check rear wheel
alignment. See appropriate article in WHEEL ALIGNMENT. Tighten all bolts and nuts to specification. See
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
. Stake axle shaft lock nut. See Fig. 4.
NOTE: Manufacturer recommends using new axle shaft lock nut during installation.

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
1990-93 DRIVE AXLES Axle Shafts - MX-5 Miata
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Removal (Front - B2600i & MPV 4WD)
1. Raise and support vehicle. Remove engine skid plate. Drain differential. On MPV 4WD, remove tie rod
end and lower arm. Remove front axle shafts. See AXLE SHAFTS
- FRONT article. Mark drive shaft
position, and remove drive shaft.
2. On B2600i, remove differential subframe mounting bolts and nuts. Remove differential, Remote Free
Wheel (RFW) and subframe assembly from vehicle. Remove RFW assembly from right side of
differential housing. Pull drive coupler from carrier. Remove differential carrier retaining bolts. Remove
differential carrier.
3. On MPV 4WD, remove differential housing mounting bolts and mount at end of Remote Free Wheel
(RFW) extension housing. Remove differential and extension housing from vehicle. Remove RFW
assembly from right side of differential housing. Pull drive coupler from carrier. Remove differential
carrier retaining bolts. Remove differential carrier.
Installation
To install, reverse removal procedure. See Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 . Apply Sealant (8527 77 739 ) to carrier mating
flange. Align marks made during removal. Refill differential with lubricant. Tighten all fasteners to
specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
.

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
1990-91 DRIVE AXLES Differentials & Drive Axles - 929, B2200, B2600i, MX-5 Miata, MPV, Protege & RX-7
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1991 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (B2200 & B2600i)
1990 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (MIATA)
Splash Shield23-34 (31-46)
Rear Drive Axle
Axle Bearing Lock Nut145-217 (197-294)
Backing Plate Bolt
2WD72-87 (98-118)
4WD65-80 (88-109)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange20-22 (27-30)
Wheel Lug Nuts
Standard Wheel65-87 (88-118)
Styled Wheel87-108 (118-146)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Brake Pipe Union10-16 (14-22)
Differential Carrier-To-Housing Nuts17-20 (23-27)
Differential Carrier Bearings Cap Bolts
"P" Series Differential41-59 (56-80)
"M" Series Differential27-38 (37-52)
Differential Carrier Bearings Lock Plate Bolt13-19 (18-26)
Drive Pinion Lock Nut94-210 (127-284)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange Nuts20-22 (27-30)
Filler Plug29-40 (39-54)
Front Subframe Mounting Bolts69-85 (94-115)
Rear Axle Bearing Lock Nut145-217 (197-294)
Rear Backing Plate Bolt
2WD72-87 (98-118)
4WD65-80 (88-109)
Ring Gear Retaining Bolts51-61 (69-83)
Splash Shield Bolts23-34 (31-46)
Wheel Lug Nuts
Standard Wheel65-87 (88-118)
Styled Wheel87-108 (118-146)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Differential Assembly
Differential Carrier-to-Housing17-20 (23-27)
Differential Carrier Bearings Cap Bolts50-66 (68-90)
Differential Carrier Bearings Lock Tab14-19 (19-26)
Differential Case Rear Mounts
Drive Pinion Lock Nut87-130 (118-176)

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
1990-91 DRIVE AXLES Differentials & Drive Axles - 929, B2200, B2600i, MX-5 Miata, MPV, Protege & RX-7
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1991 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (MIATA)
1990 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (MPV 4WD)
Inner Nut61-72 (83-98)
Outer Nuts (2)13-20 (18-26)
Filler Plug29-40 (39-54)
Ring Gear Retaining Bolts51-61 (69-83)
Power Plant Frame-to-Differential Mounting
Spacer Bolt (Short)27-38 (37-52)
PPF-to-Differential Side Mounting Bolts (Long)77-91 (104-123)
PPF-to-PPF Bracket Bolt27-40 (37-54)
Power Plant Frame-to-Transmission
Side Mounting Bolts (Long)77-91 (104-123)
Transmission-to-PPF Bracket Bolts27-40 (37-54)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Differential Carrier-To-Housing Nuts17-20 (23-27)
Differential Carrier Bearings Cap Bolts27-38 (37-52)
Differential Carrier Bearings Lock Plate Bolt13-19 (18-26)
Differential Case Rear Mount Nuts54-69 (73-94)
Drive Pinion Lock Nut87-130 (118-176)
Inner Nut61-72 (83-98)
Outer Nuts (2)13-20 (18-26)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange Nuts20-22 (27-30)
Filler Plug29-40 (39-54)
Ring Gear Retaining Bolts51-61 (69-83)
Power Plant Frame-To-Differential Mounting
Spacer Bolt (Short)27-38 (37-52)
PPF-To-Differential Bolts
Side Mounting Bolts (Long)77-91 (104-123)
PPF-To-PPF Bracket Bolt27-40 (37-54)
Power Plant Frame-To-Transmission
Side Mounting Bolts (Long)77-91 (104-123)
Transmission-To-PPF Bracket Bolts27-40 (37-54)
Wheel Lug Nuts65-87 (88-118)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Brake Pipe Union10-16 (14-22)
Differential Assemblies
Differential Carrier Bearings Cap Bolts
Front Differential27-38 (37-52)
Rear Differential54-79 (73-107)

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
1990-91 DRIVE AXLES Differentials & Drive Axles - 929, B2200, B2600i, MX-5 Miata, MPV, Protege & RX-7
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1991 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (MPV)
1990 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS (PROTEGE 4WD)
Differential Carrier Bearings Lock Tab13-19 (18-26)
Differential Carrier-to-Housing17-20 (23-27)
Drive Pinion Lock Nut94-210 (127-285)
Filler Plug29-40 (39-54)
Ring Gear Retaining Bolts51-61 (69-83)
Front Axle Components
Differential-to-Chassis Mounts49-72 (66-98)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange36-43 (49-58)
Extension Housing-to-Differential Housing27-40 (36-54)
Lower Ball Joint-to-"A" Frame75-101 (102-137)
Splash Shield12-17 (16-23)
Rear Axle Components
Axle Bearing Retainer Nuts72-87 (98-118)
Brake Drum Retaining Screws10-11 (14-15)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange36-43 (49-58)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Brake Pipe Union10-16 (14-22)
Differential-To-Chassis Mount Nuts (4WD)49-72 (66-98)
Differential Carrier Bearings Cap Bolts
Front Differential27-38 (37-52)
Rear Differential54-79 (73-107)
Differential Carrier Bearings Lock Plate Bolt13-19 (18-26)
Differential Carrier-To-Housing Nuts17-20 (23-27)
Drive Pinion Lock Nut94-210 (127-285)
Drive Shaft Companion Flange Nuts36-43 (49-58)
Filler Plug29-40 (39-54)
Lower Ball Joint-To-Control Arm Bolts (4WD)75-101 (102-137)
Lower Ball Joint-To-Control Arm Nut (4WD)94-127 (128-172)
Rear Axle Bearing Retainer Nuts72-87 (98-118)
Rear Brake Drum Retaining Screws7-11 (10-15)
RFW Extension Housing Mount Nut (4WD)149-72 (66-98)
Ring Gear Retaining Bolts51-61 (69-83)
Splash Shield Bolts (4WD)12-17 (16-23)
Tie Rod End Nut (4WD)43-58 (59-78)
Wheel Lug Nuts65-87 (88-118)
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Differential Assembly

1991 Mazda MX-5 Miata
1990-91 DRIVE AXLES Differentials & Drive Axles - 929, B2200, B2600i, MX-5 Miata, MPV, Protege & RX-7
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