change wheel MERCEDES-BENZ SPRINTER 2006 Owner's Manual

(9) Install outer hub (1) bearing (2) (Fig. 26).
(10) Install thrust washer (2) (Fig. 27).
CAUTION: Thrust washer is designed for left or
right side and are not interchangeable.(11) Install inner hub (1) nut (2) (Fig. 28).
(12) Tighten inner hub nut with Wrench 9290 to
300 N´m (221 ft. lbs.) while spinning the wheel hub
constantly. Turn back inner nut and then tighten
until it touches the thrust washer without play. Then
tighten 1/8 turn.
(13) Install locking plate (2) (Fig. 29).
(14) Install outer hub nut and tighten with
Wrench 9290 to 250 N´m (184 ft. lbs.).
(15) Install axle shaft.
(16) Install brake caliper and support.
(17) Adjust parking brakes.
Fig. 26 OUTER HUB BEARING
1 - HUB
2 - BEARING
Fig. 27 THRUST WASHER
1 - HUB
2 - WASHER
Fig. 28 INNER HUB NUT
1 - HUB
2 - NUT
Fig. 29 LOCKING PLATE
1 - HUB
2 - PLATE
3 - 30 REAR AXLEVA

(3) During road test, make normal and firm brake
stops in 25-40 mph range. Note faulty brake opera-
tion such as low pedal, hard pedal, fade, pedal pulsa-
tion, pull, grab, drag, noise, etc.
(4) Attempt to stop the vehicle with the parking
brake only and note grab, drag, noise, etc.
PEDAL FALLS AWAY
A brake pedal that falls away under steady foot
pressure is generally the result of a system leak. The
leak point could be at a brake line, fitting, hose, or
caliper/wheel cylinder. If leakage is severe, fluid will
be evident at or around the leaking component.
Internal leakage (seal by-pass) in the master cylin-
der caused by worn or damaged piston cups, may
also be the problem cause.
An internal leak in the ABS or RWAL system may
also be the problem with no physical evidence.
LOW PEDAL
If a low pedal is experienced, pump the pedal sev-
eral times. If the pedal comes back up worn linings,
rotors, drums, or rear brakes out of adjustment are
the most likely causes. The proper course of action is
to inspect and replace all worn component and make
the proper adjustments.
SPONGY PEDAL
A spongy pedal is most often caused by air in the
system. However, thin brake drums or substandard
brake lines and hoses can also cause a spongy pedal.
The proper course of action is to bleed the system,
and replace thin drums and substandard quality
brake hoses if suspected.
HARD PEDAL OR HIGH PEDAL EFFORT
A hard pedal or high pedal effort may be due to
lining that is water soaked, contaminated, glazed, or
badly worn. The power booster or check valve could
also be faulty.
PEDAL PULSATION
Pedal pulsation is caused by components that are
loose, or beyond tolerance limits.
The primary cause of pulsation are disc brake
rotors with excessive lateral runout or thickness vari-
ation, or out of round brake drums. Other causes are
loose wheel bearings or calipers and worn, damaged
tires.
NOTE: Some pedal pulsation may be felt during
ABS activation.
BRAKE DRAG
Brake drag occurs when the lining is in constant
contact with the rotor or drum. Drag can occur at one
wheel, all wheels, fronts only, or rears only.Drag is a product of incomplete brake shoe release.
Drag can be minor or severe enough to overheat the
linings, rotors and drums.
Minor drag will usually cause slight surface char-
ring of the lining. It can also generate hard spots in
rotors and drums from the overheat-cool down pro-
cess. In most cases, the rotors, drums, wheels and
tires are quite warm to the touch after the vehicle is
stopped.
Severe drag can char the brake lining all the way
through. It can also distort and score rotors and
drums to the point of replacement. The wheels, tires
and brake components will be extremely hot. In
severe cases, the lining may generate smoke as it
chars from overheating.
Common causes of brake drag are:
²Seized or improperly adjusted parking brake
cables.
²Loose/worn wheel bearing.
²Seized caliper or wheel cylinder piston.
²Caliper binding on corroded bushings or rusted
slide surfaces.
²Loose caliper mounting.
²Drum brake shoes binding on worn/damaged
support plates.
²Mis-assembled components.
²Long booster output rod.
If brake drag occurs at all wheels, the problem
may be related to a blocked master cylinder return
port, or faulty power booster (binds-does not release).
BRAKE FADE
Brake fade is usually a product of overheating
caused by brake drag. However, brake overheating
and resulting fade can also be caused by riding the
brake pedal, making repeated high deceleration stops
in a short time span, or constant braking on steep
mountain roads. Refer to the Brake Drag information
in this section for causes.
BRAKE PULL
Front brake pull condition could result from:
²Contaminated lining in one caliper
²Seized caliper piston
²Binding caliper
²Loose caliper
²Rusty caliper slide surfaces
²Improper brake pads
²Damaged rotor
A worn, damaged wheel bearing or suspension
component are further causes of pull. A damaged
front tire (bruised, ply separation) can also cause
pull.
A common and frequently misdiagnosed pull condi-
tion is where direction of pull changes after a few
stops. The cause is a combination of brake drag fol-
lowed by fade at one of the brake units.
VABRAKES - BASE 5 - 3

As the dragging brake overheats, efficiency is so
reduced that fade occurs. Since the opposite brake
unit is still functioning normally, its braking effect is
magnified. This causes pull to switch direction in
favor of the normally functioning brake unit.
An additional point when diagnosing a change in
pull condition concerns brake cool down. Remember
that pull will return to the original direction, if the
dragging brake unit is allowed to cool down (and is
not seriously damaged).
REAR BRAKE GRAB OR PULL
Rear grab or pull is usually caused by improperly
adjusted or seized parking brake cables, contami-
nated lining, bent or binding shoes and support
plates, or improperly assembled components. This is
particularly true when only one rear wheel is
involved. However, when both rear wheels are
affected, the master cylinder or proportioning valve
could be at fault.
BRAKES DO NOT HOLD AFTER DRIVING THROUGH DEEP
WATER PUDDLES
This condition is generally caused by water soaked
lining. If the lining is only wet, it can be dried by
driving with the brakes very lightly applied for a
mile or two. However, if the lining is both soaked and
dirt contaminated, cleaning and/or replacement will
be necessary.
BRAKE LINING CONTAMINATION
Brake lining contamination is mostly a product of
leaking calipers or worn seals, driving through deep
water puddles, or lining that has become covered
with grease and grit during repair. Contaminated lin-
ing should be replaced to avoid further brake prob-
lems.
WHEEL AND TIRE PROBLEMS
Some conditions attributed to brake components
may actually be caused by a wheel or tire problem.
A damaged wheel can cause shudder, vibration and
pull. A worn or damaged tire can also cause pull.
Severely worn tires with very little tread left can
produce a grab-like condition as the tire loses and
recovers traction. Flat-spotted tires can cause vibra-
tion and generate shudder during brake operation. A
tire with internal damage such as a severe bruise,
cut, or ply separation can cause pull and vibration.
BRAKE NOISES
Some brake noise is common with rear drum
brakes and on some disc brakes during the first few
stops after a vehicle has been parked overnight or
stored. This is primarily due to the formation of trace
corrosion (light rust) on metal surfaces. This light
corrosion is typically cleared from the metal surfacesafter a few brake applications causing the noise to
subside.
BRAKE SQUEAK / SQUEAL
Brake squeak or squeal may be due to linings that
are wet or contaminated with brake fluid, grease, or
oil. Glazed linings and rotors with hard spots can
also contribute to squeak. Dirt and foreign material
embedded in the brake lining will also cause squeak/
squeal.
A very loud squeak or squeal is frequently a sign of
severely worn brake lining. If the lining has worn
through to the brake pads in spots, metal-to-metal
contact occurs. If the condition is allowed to continue,
rotors can become so scored that replacement is nec-
essary.
BRAKE CHATTER
Brake chatter is usually caused by loose or worn
components, or glazed/burnt lining. Rotors with hard
spots can also contribute to chatter. Additional causes
of chatter are out-of-tolerance rotors, brake lining not
securely attached to the shoes, loose wheel bearings
and contaminated brake lining.
THUMP / CLUNK NOISE
Thumping or clunk noises during braking are fre-
quentlynotcaused by brake components. In many
cases, such noises are caused by loose or damaged
steering, suspension, or engine components. However,
calipers that bind on the slide surfaces can generate
a thump or clunk noise.
STANDARD PROCEDURE
STANDARD PROCEDURE - MANUAL BLEEDING
Use approved brake fluid (Refer to LUBRICATION
& MAINTENANCE/FLUID TYPES - DESCRIP-
TION). Use fresh, clean fluid from a sealed container
at all times.
(1) Remove reservoir filler caps and fill reservoir.
(2) If calipers, or wheel cylinders were overhauled,
open all caliper and wheel cylinder bleed screws.
Then close each bleed screw as fluid starts to drip
from it. Top off master cylinder reservoir once more
before proceeding.
(3) Attach one end of bleed hose to bleed screw
and insert opposite end in glass container partially
filled with brake fluid (Fig. 1). Be sure end of bleed
hose is immersed in fluid.
5 - 4 BRAKES - BASEVA

N2 and N3 Speed Sensors
The N2 and N3 Input Speed Sensors are two Hall-
effect speed sensors that are mounted internally in
the transmission and are used by the TCM to calcu-
late the transmission's input speed. Since the input
speed cannot be measured directly, two of the drive
elements are measured. Two input speed sensors
were required because both drive elements are not
active in all gears.
CAN C Bus Indirect Input Signals
A 2.5-volt bias (operating voltage) is present on the
CAN C bus any time the ignition switch is in the
RUN position. Both the TCM and the ABS apply this
bias. On this vehicle, the CAN C bus is used for mod-
ule data exchange only. The indirect inputs used on
the NAG1 electronic control system are:
²Wheel Speed Sensors.
²Brake Switch.
²Engine RPM.
²Engine Temperature.
²Cruise Control Status.
²Gear Limit Request.
²Throttle Position - 0% at idle, 100% at WOT. If
open, TCM assumes idle (0% throttle opening).
²Odometer Mileage
²Maximum Effective Torque.
²Engine in Limp-In Mode/Mileage Where DTC
Was Set.
BRAKE TRANSMISSION SHIFT INTERLOCK (BTSI)
The BTSI solenoid prevents shifting out of the
PARK position until the ignition key is in the RUN
position and the brake pedal is pressed. The TCM
controls the ground while the ignition switch supplies
power to the BTSI solenoid. The PCM monitors the
brake switch and broadcasts brake switch status
messages over the CAN C bus. If the park brake is
depressed and there is power (Run/Start) to SLA, the
BTSI solenoid deactivates.
SHIFT SCHEDULES
The basic shift schedule includes up and down-
shifts for all five gears. The TCM adapts the shift
program according to driving style, accelerator pedal
position and deviation of vehicle speed. Influencing
factors are:
²Road Conditions.
²Incline, Decline and Altitude.
²Trailer Operation, Loading.
²Engine Coolant Temperature.
²Cruise Control Operation.
²Sporty Driving Style.
²Low and High ATF Temperature.
Upshift
To :1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5
Activat-
ed By
Sole-
noid:1-2/4-5 2-3 3-4 1-2/4-5
Shift
Point
(at
35.2%
of throt-
tle)17.8
km/h
(11.6
mph)32.1
km/h
(19.95
mph)67.5
km/h
(41.94
mph)73.8
km/h
(45.86
mph)
Down-
shift
From:5-4 4-3 3-2 2-1
Activat-
ed By
Sole-
noid:1-2/4-5 3-4 2-3 1-2/4-5
Shift
Point55.7
km/h
(34.61
mph)40.5
km/h
(25.17
mph)24.4
km/h
(15.16
mph)15.1
km/h
(9.38
mph)
DOWNSHIFT SAFETY
Selector lever downshifts are not performed if inad-
missible high engine rpm is sensed.
ADAPTATION
To equalize tolerances and wear, an automatic
adaptation takes place for:
²Shift Time.
²Clutch Filling Time.
²Clutch Filling Pressure.
²Torque Converter Lock-Up Control.
Adaptation data may be stored permanently and to
some extent, can be diagnosed.
Driving Style Adaptation
The shift point is modified in steps based on the
information from the inputs. The control module
looks at inputs such as:
²vehicle acceleration and deceleration (calculated
by the TCM).
²rate of change as well as the position of the
throttle pedal (fuel injection information from the
ECM).
²lateral acceleration (calculated by the TCM).
²gear change frequency (how often the shift
occurs).
Based on how aggressive the driver is, the TCM
moves up the shift so that the present gear is held a
8E - 8 ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULESVA

the instrument cluster, directly below the speedome-
ter. However, the odometer and trip odometer infor-
mation are not displayed simultaneously. The ªmiº
(miles) or ªkmº (kilometers) switch on the instrument
cluster circuit board toggles the display between
odometer and trip odometer modes by depressing the
switch push button that extends through the lower
edge of the cluster lens, directly below the multi-
function indicator LCD.
The odometer and trip odometer information is
stored in the instrument cluster memory. This infor-
mation can be increased when the proper inputs are
provided to the instrument cluster, but the informa-
tion cannot be decreased. The odometer can display
values up to 999,999 kilometers (999,999 miles). The
odometer latches at these values, and will not roll
over to zero. The trip odometer can display values up
to 999.9 kilometers (999.9 miles) before it rolls over
to zero. The odometer display does not have a deci-
mal point and will not show values less than a full
unit (kilometer or mile), while the trip odometer dis-
play does have a decimal point and will show tenths
of a unit (kilometer or mile). The unit of measure
(kilometers or miles) for the odometer and trip odom-
eter display is imprinted on the cluster overlay below
the left end of the LCD. The unit of measure for the
instrument cluster odometer/trip odometer is selected
at the time that it is manufactured, and cannot be
changed.
The indications of the odometer/trip odometer are
not visible when the LCD is not illuminated. When
illuminated the indications appear as dark charac-
ters silhouetted against an amber field. When the
exterior lighting is turned Off, the display is illumi-
nated at maximum brightness. When the exterior
lighting is turned On the display illumination level
can be adjusted in concert with the cluster general
illumination lighting using the plus and minus multi-
function indicator push buttons. The odometer has a
ªRental Carº mode, which will activate the multi-
function indicator LCD and illuminate the odometer
information for about thirty seconds after one of the
multi-function indicator push buttons is momentarily
depressed, or after the key is inserted into the igni-
tion switch lock cylinder with the ignition switch in
the Off position.
The odometer/trip odometer and the miles/kilome-
ters switch, and the miles/kilometers switch push
button are serviced as a unit with the instrument
cluster.
OPERATION
The odometer and trip odometer give an indication
to the vehicle operator of the distance the vehicle has
traveled. This indicator is controlled by the instru-
ment cluster circuitry based upon cluster program-
ming and electronic messages received by the cluster
from the Controller Anti-lock Brake (CAB) over theController Area Network (CAN) data bus. The odom-
eter and trip odometer information is displayed by
the multi-function indicator Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD). The LCD will display the odometer informa-
tion whenever it is activated, and will display the
last previously selected odometer or trip odometer
information when the ignition switch is turned to the
On position. The instrument cluster circuitry controls
the LCD and provides the following features:
²Odometer/Trip Odometer Display Toggling-
Actuating the multi-function indicator ªmiº (miles) or
ªkmº (kilometers) switch push button momentarily
with the LCD illuminated will toggle the display
between the odometer and trip odometer information.
Each time the LCD is illuminated with the ignition
switch in the On or Start positions, the display will
automatically return to the last mode previously
selected (odometer or trip odometer).
²Trip Odometer Reset- When the multi-func-
tion indicator ªmiº (miles) or ªkmº (kilometers) switch
push button is pressed and held for longer than
about two seconds, the trip odometer will be reset to
000.0 kilometers (miles). The LCD must be display-
ing the trip odometer information in order for the
trip odometer information to be reset.
The CAB continually monitors the vehicle speed
pulse information received from the four wheel speed
sensors, then sends the proper distance messages to
the instrument cluster. For proper diagnosis of the
wheel speed sensors, the CAB, the CAN data bus, or
the electronic message inputs to the instrument clus-
ter that control the odometer/trip odometer, a diag-
nostic scan tool is required. Refer to the appropriate
diagnostic information.
PARK BRAKE INDICATOR
DESCRIPTION
A park brake indicator is standard equipment on
all instrument clusters. The park brake indicator is
located near the lower edge of the instrument cluster,
to the left of the multi-function indicator display. The
park brake indicator consists of stencil-like cutout of
the word ªPARKº in the opaque layer of the instru-
ment cluster overlay. The dark outer layer of the
overlay prevents the indicator from being clearly vis-
ible when it is not illuminated. A red Light Emitting
Diode (LED) behind the cutout in the opaque layer of
the overlay causes the ªPARKº text to appear in red
through the translucent outer layer of the overlay
when the indicator is illuminated from behind by the
LED, which is soldered onto the instrument cluster
electronic circuit board. The park brake indicator is
serviced as a unit with the instrument cluster.
VAINSTRUMENT CLUSTER 8J - 23

seat riser, a fog lamp switch installed in the cluster
bezel on the instrument panel outboard of the steer-
ing column, and a fog lamp bulb installed in each of
the two front lamp units. The front fog lamps have a
path to ground at all times through their connection
to the vehicle wire harness. The headlamp switch cir-
cuitry of the left (lighting) control stalk of the multi-
function switch controls front fog lamp operation by
providing battery current to the front fog lamp relay
only when the low beam headlamps are selected. The
fog lamp switch controls front fog lamp operation by
energizing or de-energizing the front fog lamp relay
control coil.
HAZARD WARNING LAMPS
With the hazard switch in the On position, the
hazard switch button illuminates and the right and
left turn signal indicators as well as the right and
left turn signal lamps begin to flash on and off. When
the hazard warning system is activated, the hazard
switch circuitry within the multi-function switch and
the wipers, turn signals and engine start control
module electronic circuitry within the fuse block will
repeatedly energize and de-energize the turn signal
relay located in the fuse block. The turn signal relay
switches battery current from a fused B(+) fuse in
the fuse block to the turn signal indicators and the
turn signal lamps. The flashing of the hazard switch
button illumination lamp is also controlled by the
output from the turn signal relay.
HEADLAMPS
The headlamp system includes the exterior lighting
switches integral to the left (lighting) control stalk of
the multi-function switch as well as the low and high
beam bulbs installed in the right and left front lamp
units (Fig. 1). The headlamp bulbs have a path to
ground at all times through the vehicle wire harness.
The exterior lighting switches control headlamp oper-
ation by providing battery current to the selected low
or high beam bulbs. Each front lamp unit includes
two integral adjustment screws to be used for static
horizontal and vertical aiming of the headlamp beam
reflectors.HEADLAMP LEVELING
The headlamp leveling system includes a leveling
actuator motor integral to each front lamp unit, and
a rotary thumbwheel actuated headlamp leveling
switch in the cluster bezel on the instrument panel
outboard of the steering column. The headlamp lev-
eling system allows the headlamp beam reflectors to
be adjusted to one of four vertical positions to com-
pensate for changes in inclination caused by the load-
ing of the vehicle suspension. The actuator motors
are mechanically connected through an integral
pushrod to an adjustable headlamp reflector. The
headlamp leveling switch is a resistor multiplexed
unit that provides one of four voltage outputs to the
headlamp leveling motors. The headlamp leveling
motors will move the headlamps to the selected posi-
tion based upon the voltage input received from the
switch. The headlamp leveling motors and switch
have a path to ground at all times. The headlamp
leveling components operate on battery current
received through the park lamps circuit so that the
system will only operate when the exterior lighting is
turned on.
PARK LAMPS
The park lamps system includes the exterior light-
ing switches integral to the left (lighting) control
stalk of the multi-function switch (Fig. 1), the front
park/side marker lamps, the front position lamps, the
rear park lamps, the rear side marker lamps, the
optional clearance lamps, and the license plate
lamps. Each of these lamps are provided with a path
to ground at all times through the vehicle wire har-
ness. The exterior lighting switches control the park
lamp operation by providing battery current through
the park lamps circuit to the appropriate lamp bulbs.
Fig. 1 Lighting Switch
1 - LEFT TURN SIGNAL
2 - RIGHT TURN SIGNAL
3 -EXTERIOR LIGHTING
4 - BEAM SELECT (DIMMER)
5 - OPTICAL HORN
8L - 4 LAMPS/LIGHTING - EXTERIORVA

WARNINGS - RESTRAINT SYSTEM
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, during
and following any seat belt service, carefully
inspect all seat belts, buckles, mounting hardware,
retractors, tether straps, and anchors for proper
installation, operation, or damage. Replace any belt
that is cut, frayed, or torn. Straighten any belt that
is twisted. Tighten any loose fasteners. Replace any
belt that has a damaged or inoperative buckle or
retractor. Replace any belt that has a bent or dam-
aged latch plate or anchor plate. Never attempt to
repair a seat belt component. Always replace dam-
aged or faulty seat belt components with the cor-
rect, new and unused replacement parts listed in
the DaimlerChrysler Mopar Parts Catalog.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, on
vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the supple-
mental restraint system before attempting any
steering wheel, steering column, airbag, seat belt
tensioner, impact sensor, or instrument panel com-
ponent diagnosis or service. Disconnect and isolate
the battery negative (ground) cable, then wait two
minutes for the system capacitor to discharge
before performing further diagnosis or service. This
is the only sure way to disable the supplemental
restraint system. Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death on
vehicles equipped with airbags, before performing
any welding operations disconnect and isolate the
battery negative (ground) cable and disconnect all
wire harness connectors from the Airbag Control
Module (ACM). Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment
and other possible damage to the supplemental
restraint system circuits and components.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, do not
attempt to dismantle an airbag unit or tamper with
its inflator. Do not puncture, incinerate, or bring
into contact with electricity. Do not store at temper-
atures exceeding 93É C (200É F). An airbag inflator
unit may contain sodium azide and potassium
nitrate. These materials are poisonous and
extremely flammable. Contact with acid, water, or
heavy metals may produce harmful and irritating
gases (sodium hydroxide is formed in the presence
of moisture) or combustible compounds. An airbag
inflator unit may also contain a gas canister pres-
surized to over 2500 psi.WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, when
handling a seat belt tensioner retractor, proper care
should be exercised to keep fingers out from under
the retractor cover and away from the seat belt
webbing where it exits from the retractor cover.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death,
replace all restraint system components only with
parts specified in the DaimlerChrysler Mopar Parts
Catalog. Substitute parts may appear interchange-
able, but internal differences may result in inferior
occupant protection.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, the
fasteners, screws, and bolts originally used for the
restraint system components must never be
replaced with any substitutes. These fasteners have
special coatings and are specifically designed for
the restraint system. Any time a new fastener is
needed, replace it with the correct fasteners pro-
vided in the service package or specified in the
DaimlerChrysler Mopar Parts Catalog.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, when
a steering column has an airbag unit attached,
never place the column on the floor or any other
surface with the steering wheel or airbag unit face
down.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINT SYSTEM
Proper diagnosis and testing of the supplemental
restraint system components or the Airbag Control
Module (ACM), initialization of the ACM, as well as
the retrieval or erasure of a Diagnostic Trouble Code
(DTC) from the ACM requires the use of a DRBIIIt
scan tool. Refer to the appropriate diagnostic infor-
mation.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, on
vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the supple-
mental restraint system before attempting any
steering wheel, steering column, airbag, seat belt
tensioner, impact sensor, or instrument panel com-
ponent diagnosis or service. Disconnect and isolate
the battery negative (ground) cable, then wait two
minutes for the system capacitor to discharge
before performing further diagnosis or service. This
is the only sure way to disable the supplemental
restraint system. Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment.
VARESTRAINTS 8O - 5

side of the rotor hub also serves as an integral
molded plastic turn signal cancel cam.
A single connector receptacle on the upper surface
of the rotor has pigtail wires that connect to the horn
switch and the driver airbag on the steering wheel,
while a single connector receptacle on the lower sur-
face of the case has pigtail wires that connect the
clockspring to the vehicle wire harness on the steer-
ing column. Within the plastic case and wound
around the rotor spool is a long ribbon-like tape that
consists of several thin copper wire leads sandwiched
between two thin plastic membranes. The outer end
of the tape terminates at the connector receptacle
that faces the steering column, while the inner end of
the tape terminates at the connector receptacle on
the hub of the clockspring rotor that faces the steer-
ing wheel.
Service replacement clocksprings are shipped pre-
centered and with the mounting screws backed out
from the case far enough to engage the access holes
in the upper surface of the rotor. The mounting
screws secure the centered clockspring rotor to the
clockspring case during shipment, but allow free
rotation of the rotor once the clockspring is properly
installed on the steering column. (Refer to 8 - ELEC-
TRICAL/RESTRAINTS/CLOCKSPRING - STAN-
DARD PROCEDURE - CLOCKSPRING
CENTERING).
The clockspring cannot be repaired. If the clock-
spring is faulty, damaged, or if the driver airbag has
been deployed, the clockspring must be replaced.
OPERATION
The clockspring is a mechanical electrical circuit
component that is used to provide continuous electri-
cal continuity between the fixed vehicle wire harness
and the electrical components mounted on or in the
rotating steering wheel. On this model the rotating
electrical components include the driver airbag and
the horn switch. The clockspring case is positioned
and secured to the multi-function switch housing
near the top of the steering column. The connector
receptacle on the underside of the fixed clockspring
case connects the clockspring to the vehicle electrical
system through two take outs with connectors from
the vehicle wire harness.
The clockspring rotor is movable and is keyed by
integral molded ribs on the inner circumference of
the rotor hub to the splines on the external circum-
ference of the upper steering column shaft. The two
integral lobes of the turn signal cancel cam formation
on the lower surface of the clockspring rotor hub con-
tact the turn signal cancel actuator of the multi-func-
tion switch to provide automatic turn signal
cancellation. The yellow sleeved pigtail wire on the
upper surface of the clockspring rotor connects the
clockspring to the driver airbag, while two single pig-
tail wires connect to the feed and ground terminals ofthe horn switch located within the hub cavity of the
steering wheel.
Like the clockspring in a timepiece, the clockspring
tape has travel limits and can be damaged by being
wound too tightly during full stop-to-stop steering
wheel rotation. To prevent this from occurring, the
clockspring is centered when it is installed on the
steering column. Centering the clockspring indexes
the clockspring tape to the movable steering compo-
nents so that the tape can operate within its
designed travel limits. However, if the clockspring is
removed from the steering column or if the steering
shaft is disconnected from the steering gear, the
clockspring spool can change position relative to the
movable steering components. The clockspring must
be re-centered following completion of this service or
the tape may be damaged.
Service replacement clocksprings are shipped pre-
centered and with the mounting screws backed out
from the case far enough to engage the access holes
in the upper surface of the rotor. The mounting
screws secure the centered clockspring rotor to the
clockspring case during shipment, but allow free
rotation of the rotor once the clockspring is properly
installed on the steering column. The clockspring
mounting screws should not be tightened into the
clockspring case until the clockspring has been
installed on the steering column. If the screws are
tightened into or removed from the case before the
clockspring is installed on a steering column, the
clockspring centering procedure must be performed.
(Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS/CLOCK-
SPRING - STANDARD PROCEDURE - CLOCK-
SPRING CENTERING).
STANDARD PROCEDURE - CLOCKSPRING
CENTERING
The clockspring is designed to wind and unwind
when the steering wheel is rotated, but is only
designed to rotate the same number of turns (about
six to seven complete rotations) as the steering wheel
can be turned from stop to stop. Centering the clock-
spring indexes the clockspring tape to other steering
components so that it can operate within its designed
travel limits. The rotor of a centered clockspring can
be rotated three to three and one-half turns in either
direction from the centered position, without damag-
ing the clockspring tape.
However, if the clockspring is removed for service
or if the steering column is disconnected from the
steering gear, the clockspring tape can change posi-
tion relative to the other steering components. The
clockspring must then be re-centered following com-
pletion of such service or the clockspring tape may be
damaged. Service replacement clocksprings are
shipped pre-centered and with the mounting screws
backed out from the case far enough to engage the
VARESTRAINTS 8O - 13

(3) Pull the driver airbag away from the steering
wheel far enough to access the electrical connection
at the back of the airbag housing.
CAUTION: Do not pull on the clockspring pigtail
wires to disengage the connector from the driver
airbag inflator connector receptacle. Improper
removal of these pigtail wires and their connector
insulator can result in damage to the airbag circuits
or the connector insulator.
(4) The clockspring driver airbag pigtail wire con-
nector is a tight snap-fit into the airbag inflator con-
nector receptacle, which is located on the back of the
driver airbag housing. Firmly grasp and pull or gen-
tly pry on the connector insulator and pull the con-
nector straight out from the airbag inflator to
disconnect it from the connector receptacle.
(5) Remove the driver airbag from the steering
wheel.
(6) If the driver airbag has been deployed, the
clockspring and the steering wheel must also be
replaced. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS/
CLOCKSPRING - REMOVAL) and (Refer to 19 -
STEERING/COLUMN/STEERING WHEEL -
REMOVAL).
INSTALLATION
The following procedure is for replacement of a
faulty or damaged driver airbag. If the airbag is
faulty or damaged, but not deployed, review the rec-
ommended procedures for handling non-deployed
supplemental restraints. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/
RESTRAINTS - STANDARD PROCEDURE - HAN-
DLING NON-DEPLOYED SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINTS). If the driver airbag has been
deployed, review the recommended procedures for
service after a supplemental restraint deploymentbefore removing the airbag from the vehicle. (Refer to
8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS - STANDARD PRO-
CEDURE - SERVICE AFTER A SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINT DEPLOYMENT).
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, on
vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the supple-
mental restraint system before attempting any
steering wheel, steering column, airbag, seat belt
tensioner, impact sensor, or instrument panel com-
ponent diagnosis or service. Disconnect and isolate
the battery negative (ground) cable, then wait two
minutes for the system capacitor to discharge
before performing further diagnosis or service. This
is the only sure way to disable the supplemental
restraint system. Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, use
extreme care to prevent any foreign material from
entering the driver airbag, or becoming entrapped
between the driver airbag cushion and the driver
airbag trim cover. Failure to observe this warning
could result in occupant injuries upon airbag
deployment.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, the
driver airbag trim cover must never be painted.
Replacement airbags are serviced with trim covers
in the original colors. Paint may change the way in
which the material of the trim cover responds to an
airbag deployment. Failure to observe this warning
could result in occupant injuries upon airbag
deployment.
Fig. 21 Driver Airbag Remove/Install
1 - AIRBAG CONNECTOR
2 - DRIVER AIRBAG3 - SCREW (2)
4 - STEERING WHEEL
VARESTRAINTS 8O - 19

straight out from the inflator to disconnect it from
the receptacle.
(7) Remove the passenger airbag and airbag door
from the instrument panel as a unit.
INSTALLATION
The following procedure is for replacement of a
faulty or damaged passenger airbag. If the airbag is
faulty or damaged, but not deployed, review the rec-
ommended procedures for handling non-deployed
supplemental restraints. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/
RESTRAINTS - STANDARD PROCEDURE - HAN-
DLING NON-DEPLOYED SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINTS). If the passenger airbag has been
deployed, review the recommended procedures for
service after a supplemental restraint deployment
before removing the airbag from the vehicle. (Refer to
8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS - STANDARD PRO-
CEDURE - SERVICE AFTER A SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINT DEPLOYMENT).
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, on
vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the supple-
mental restraint system before attempting any
steering wheel, steering column, airbag, seat belt
tensioner, impact sensor, or instrument panel com-
ponent diagnosis or service. Disconnect and isolate
the battery negative (ground) cable, then wait two
minutes for the system capacitor to discharge
before performing further diagnosis or service. This
is the only sure way to disable the supplemental
restraint system. Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, use
extreme care to prevent any foreign material from
entering the passenger airbag, or becoming
entrapped between the passenger airbag cushion
and the passenger airbag door. Failure to observe
this warning could result in occupant injuries upon
airbag deployment.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, the
passenger airbag door must never be painted.
Replacement passenger airbags are serviced with
doors in the original colors. Paint may change the
way in which the material of the airbag door
responds to an airbag deployment. Failure to
observe this warning could result in occupant inju-
ries upon airbag deployment.
(1) Carefully position the passenger airbag and
airbag door unit to the instrument panel (Fig. 29).
(2) When installing the passenger airbag, recon-
nect the vehicle wire harness connector to the airbag
inflator connector receptacle by pressing straight in
on the connector. You can be certain that the connec-tor is fully engaged by listening carefully for a dis-
tinct, audible click as the connector snaps into place.
(3) Push the passenger airbag unit forward far
enough to engage the lower edge of the airbag door
with the two lower clips in the instrument panel.
(4) Install and tighten the two screws that secure
the flange of the passenger airbag housing to the
bracket on the instrument panel structural support.
Tighten the screws to 10 N´m (89 in. lbs.).
(5) Install and tighten the two screws that secure
the passenger airbag door upper clips to the instru-
ment panel base trim. Tighten the screws to 2 N´m
(18 in. lbs.).
(6) Reinstall the instrument panel top cover tray
onto the instrument panel. (Refer to 23 - BODY/IN-
STRUMENT PANEL/INSTRUMENT PANEL TOP
COVER - TRAY - INSTALLATION).
(7) Do not reconnect the battery negative cable at
this time. The supplemental restraint system verifi-
cation test procedure should be performed following
service of any supplemental restraint system compo-
nent. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS -
STANDARD PROCEDURE - VERIFICATION TEST).
PASSENGER AIRBAG
BRACKET
REMOVAL
WARNING: To avoid personal injury or death, on
vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the supple-
mental restraint system before attempting any
steering wheel, steering column, airbag, seat belt
tensioner, impact sensor, or instrument panel com-
ponent diagnosis or service. Disconnect and isolate
the battery negative (ground) cable, then wait two
minutes for the system capacitor to discharge
before performing further diagnosis or service. This
is the only sure way to disable the supplemental
restraint system. Failure to take the proper precau-
tions could result in accidental airbag deployment.
(1) Remove the passenger airbag from the instru-
ment panel. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/RE-
STRAINTS/PASSENGER AIRBAG - REMOVAL).
(2) Remove the four screws that secure the passen-
ger airbag bracket to the instrument panel structural
support (Fig. 30).
VARESTRAINTS 8O - 27