engine coolant MERCEDES-BENZ SPRINTER 2020 MY20 with Base Radio Operator’s Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: MERCEDES-BENZ, Model Year: 2020, Model line: SPRINTER, Model: MERCEDES-BENZ SPRINTER 2020Pages: 324, PDF Size: 5.45 MB
Page 263 of 324

#
If paint, plast ic orrubber comes into
con tact wi thbrak efluid, rinse wi th
wate rimmediatel y. Obser
vethen otes on paintwork/matt efinish
paintwor kcare( /pag e201).
Ha ve theb rake fluid replaced regular lyat aq uali‐
fi ed specialis tworks hop.
Only use brak efluid appr ovedbyM ercedes-Benz
in accordance wit hMB-Freigabe or MB-Appr oval
33 1.0.
Fu rther information on brak efluid:
R intheMBS pecification sfor operating fluids
at http://be vo.mercedes-benz.com
R ataq ualified specialis tworks hop Coolant
Note
sonc oolant
Obser vethen otes on operating fluids
(/ page254). &
WARNING ‑Riskoff irea nd injur yfrom
antifreeze
If antifreez ecomes int ocontact wi thhotc om‐
ponent parts in thee ngine compartment, it
ma yignite. #
Allowthe engine tocool down before
adding antif reeze. #
Mak esuret hat no antifreeze spills out
next tothef iller opening. #
Thoroughl yclean of fany antifreeze from
componen tparts befor estartin gt he
ve hicle. *
NO
TEDama gecaused byincor rect cool‐
ant #
Only ad dcoolant that has been pre‐
mixed wit hthe requ ired antifreeze pro‐
te ction. Information on coolant is
available at thef ollow‐
ing locations:
R IntheMBS pecification sfor operating fluids
31 0.1
- Athttp://be vo.mercedes-benz.com
- IntheB eVoa pp
R Ataq ualified specialis tworks hop *
NO
TEOverheating at high outsid etem‐
peratures If an inappropriat
ecoolant is used, thee ngine
cooling sy stem is no tsufficiently pr otected
agains toverheating and cor rosion at high out‐
side temp eratures. #
Alwaysu seac oolant appr ovedby
Mercedes-Benz. #
Obser vethei nstruction sinthe MB
Specifications foro perating fluids3 10.1 . *
NO
TEPaint wo rkdamag eduetocoolant #
Do no tspill coolant on painted sur fa‐
ces. Ha
ve thec oolant regularly replaced at aqualified
specialis tworks hop.
No tethep roportion of anti-cor rosion agent/anti‐
freeze in thee ngine cooling sy stem within thef ol‐
lowing temp eratur eranges:
R Atleas t50% (antifreeze pr otection up to
about -35°F (-37°C))
R Maximum 55 %(antifreez eprotection up to
-49°F (-45°C))
Coolant capacities
Engine coolin gsystem Engine
Coolant
M2 74 approx.3 .0 gal
(1 1. 5l iters)
OM642 approx. 2.6 gal
(1 0l iters)
OM65 1a pprox.2 .5 gal
(9.5 liters) Wi
ndshield washer fluid Note
sonw indshield washer fluid
Obser vethen otes on operating fluids
(/ page254). &
WARNING ‑Riskoff irea nd injur yfrom
windshiel dwashe rconcentrate
Wi ndshield washer concentrat eishighlyflam‐
mable. It could ignit eifitcomes int ocontact
wi th hote ngine component parts or the
ex haus tsystem. Te
ch nica ldata 261
Page 282 of 324

Displa
ymessages
Possible causes/consequences and 0050 0050Solutions
003D
Stop Vehicle See Opera-
tor's Manual *T
he batter yisnolonger being charge da nd has reached an exces‐
sively lo wbatter ycharg eleve l.
* NO
TEPossible engine damag eifyou continue driving #
Do no tcontinue drivin gunde rany circum stances. #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop. #
Stop in asafel ocation immediately .Donotcontinue driving. #
Switc hoffthee ngine. #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop.
003D
12 VB attery See Opera-
tor's Manual *T
he engine is of fand theb atter ycharg eleve list oo lo w. #
Switc hoffelectrica lconsumer sthat ar enotrequ ired. #
Letthe engine runf or afew minutes or driv eanextende ddis‐
ta nce.
The batter yischarged.
003D
See Operator's Manual *T
he batter yisnolonger being charge d.
* NO
TEPossible engine damag eifyou continue driving #
Do no tcontinue drivin gunde rany circum stances. #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop. #
Stop in asafel ocation immediately and switc hoffthee ngine. #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop.
00AC
Coolant Too Hot Stop
Vehicle Turn Engine Off *T
he coolant is tooh ot. #
Stop immediately in accordance wit hthe traf ficc onditions and
switc hoffthee ngine. &
WARNING Danger of bu rnsw hen opening theh ood
If yo uo pen theh ood when thee ngine has overheated or during
af ireint he engine compartment, youc oul dc om eintoc ontact
wi th hotg ases or other escaping operating fluids. #
Befor eopening theh ood, allo wthe engine tocool down. #
Inthee vent of afireint he engine compartment, keep the
hood closed and call thef ires ervice. &
WARNING Risk of scalding from ho tcoolant
The engine cooling sy stem is pressurized, particularly when the
engine is warm.Ify ou open thec ap, youc oul dbes calded byhot
coolant spr aying out. #
Letthe engine cool down befor eopening thec ap. #
When opening thec ap, wear pr otectiv eglove sa nd saf ety
gl asses. #
Open thec ap slowl ytorelease pressure. 280
Displa ymessages and warning and indicator lamps
Page 283 of 324

Displa
ymessages
Possible causes/consequences and 0050 0050Solutions #
Wait until thee ngine has cooled down. #
Ensur ethat thea ir supply tothee ngine radiator is no tobstruc‐
te d. #
Avoiding high engine loads, continue tothen eares tqualified
specialis tworks hop. Ensur ethat thec oolant temp eratur edis‐
pla yremain sbelo w2 48°F (120°C).
00AC Check Coolant Level See
Operator's Manual *T
he coolant le velist oo lo w. &
WARNING Risk of scalding from ho tcoolant
The engine cooling sy stem is pressurized, particularly when the
engine is warm.Ify ou open thec ap, youc oul dbes calded byhot
coolant spr aying out. #
Letthe engine cool down befor eopening thec ap. #
When opening thec ap, wear pr otectiv eglove sa nd saf ety
gl asses. #
Open thec ap slowl ytorelease pressure. *
NO
TEEngine damag eduetoinsuf ficient coolant #
Avoid long journe yswit hinsuf ficient coolant. #
Topupc oolant (/ page196).
Regeneration Not Possi-
ble *N
otall condition shave been me tfor rege neration of thed iesel par‐
ticulat efilter . #
Continue driving as normal until all condition shave been me tfor
re ge neration of thed iesel particulat efilter.
The load condition of thed iesel particulat efilter is over50% and the
messag estilla ppear sonthe instrument clus ter. #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop. DEF (Diesel Exhaus
tFluid) Displa
ymessages
Possible causes/consequences and 0050 0050Solutions
00E2
Refill Additive See Opera-
tor's Manual *
In addition, they ellow 00E2 DEFindicator lam plight supont he
instrument clus tera nd aw arning tone sounds.
The DEF supply ha sfallen belo wthe firs tw arning thre shold. #
Addatl east2.5gal(9. 5l)ofD EF (/pag e137).
The 00E2 DEF indica torlamp onl ydisappea rswhen thev ehicle
is stationar y,at thel ates tafter 20 seconds, as soon as you
switc hont he ignition or star tt he engine af tert opping up. Displa
ymessages and warning and indicator lamps 281
Page 292 of 324

0024
Canada
:Elect ricp arkin gb rake
applied (red) (/ page290)
0024 Electric parkin
gbrake (yellow)
(/ page290)
00CC Po
we r-assis teds teering malfunction
(/ page296)
003D Elect
rical malfunction
(/ page 297)
0075 Re
stra int sy stem (/ page290)
00B9 Chec
kEngine (/ page297)
00D4 Fu
elreser vewit hfuel filler cap loca‐
tion indicator (/ page297)
00AC Coolant
tooh ot/cold (/ page297)
00BA Dis
tance warning (/ page296)
0028 Preglow
0077 Ti
re pressur emonitor Saf
etys ystems Wa
rning/indicator
lamp Po
ssible causes/consequences and 0050 0050Solutions
0024
and
0049
Elect ricp arkin gb rake
applied redi ndicator
lam p(USA) does no tlight
up
0024 Elect ricp arkin gb rake
applied redi ndicator
lam p(Canada) does not
light up
0024 Elect ricp arkin gb rake
malfunctionin gyellow
indicator lam plight sup Ve
hicles with electric parking brake: thee lectric parking brak ered
indicator lam pdoes no tlight up. The elect ricp arkin gb rake yello wi ndi‐
cator lam plight sup.
* Meanin gofthe indicator lamps:
R The redi ndicator lam pdoes no tlight up: thee lectric parking
brak ehas been released.
R The yello wi ndicator lam plight sup:thee lectric parking brak eis
malfunctioning. #
Obser vethem essages on them ultifunction displa y. #
Switc hthe ignition of fand bac kon. #
Ifth ef ault messag epersists ,consult aqualified specialis twork‐
shop. #
Park thev ehicle only on le velg round and secur eitagains trolling
aw ay ( /pag e143). 290
Displaymessa gesa nd warning and indicator lamps
Page 299 of 324

Engine
Wa
rning/indicator
lamp Po
ssible causes/consequences and 0050 0050Solutions
00AC
Coolant warning lamp The
redc oolant warning lam plight supw hilethee ngine is running.
* Po ssible causes:
R temp eratur esensor malfunctioning
R coolant le veltoo low
R air suppl ytothe engine radiator obstructed
R engin eradiator fanf aulty
If aw arning tone also sounds, thec oolant has exceeded thet empera‐
tur eof2 48 °F (120 °C). &
WARNING Danger of bu rnsw hen opening theh ood
If yo uo pen theh ood when thee ngine has overheated or during a
fi re inthee ngine compartment, youc oul dc om eintoc ontact wi th
ho tg ases or other escaping operating fluids. #
Befor eopening theh ood, allo wthe engine tocool down. #
Inthee vent of afireint he engine compartment, keep the
hood closed and call thef ires ervice. #
Stop immediately in accordance wit hthe traf ficc onditions and
switc hoffthee ngine. Do no tcontinue driving. #
Obser vethem essages on them ultifunction displa y.
If th ec oolant temp eratur edispla yisatt he lowerend of thet empera‐
tur es cale: #
Consult aqualified specialis tworks hop.
Otherwise: #
Leavethev ehicle and keep asafed ista nce from thev ehicle until
th ee ngine has cooled down. #
Chec kthe coolant le vel(/ page196). #
Ensur ethat thea ir supply tothee ngine radiator is no tobstructed. #
Without subjectin gthe engine toexc essiv estrain, continue tothe
nea rest qu alified specialis tworks hop. Ensur ethat thec oolant
te mp eratur edispla yremain sbelo w2 48 °F (120 °C).
003D
Electrical malfunction
wa rning lamp The elect
rical malfunction redw arning lam plight sup.
*A malfunction has occur redint he electrics. #
Read them essages on them ultifunction displa y.
00D4
Fu elreser vewarning
lamp The fuel
reser veyello ww arning lam plight supw hilethee ngine is on.
*T he fuel suppliesh avereached ther eser veleve l. #
Refuel. Displ
aymessa gesa nd warning and indicator lamps 297
Page 305 of 324

Mobile phone (wireless) ..................... 82
Child saf etyl oc k( doors) ........................ 44
Child seat Attach ing (no tes) ................................ 40
Basic instructions ...............................36
Fr ont-passenger seat (no tes) .............. 43
LA TC H-type (ISOFIX )(ins talling) .......... 41
No tesonr isksa nd danger s................37
Re arwa rd-facing child restra int sys‐
te m( Information) .............................. .43
Secu ring on thef ront passenger
seat ....................................................43
Secu ring on ther ear seat ................... 42
To pT ether .......................................... 42
Children Avoiding danger sinthevehicle ..........37
Basi cinstructions ............................... 36
Special sea tbeltr etra ctor .................. 40
Ci ga rettel ighter ..................................... 79
Cleaning see Ca re
Cleaning waterd rain valveoft he air
intak ebox ............................................ .198
Climat econtrol
Ac tivating/deactivating .................... 101
Ad justing rear-compartment heat‐
ing .................................................... 102
Air di stribution settings .................... 103
automaticall ycontrollin g(rear
passenger compartment )................. 103
Au xilia ryheating ...............................1 05
Carg ocompartmentv entilation ........ 108
Clearing fogged up windo ws............. 103
Control panel ford ual-zone auto‐
matic clima tecontrol ....................... 100
Controllin gautomaticall y................. .102
Hot-water auxiliar yheater. ............... 106
Operating unit for3 -zone auto‐
matic clima tecontrol ........................ 101
Re frigerant ....................................... 262
Setting thea ir distribution ................1 03
Switching air- recirculation mode
on/of f.............................................. 104
Switching synchronization function
on/of f(control panel )...................... 103
Switching theA /C function on/of f..1 02
Switching ther ear window
defros tero n/of f.............................. .104
Switching thew indshield heater
on/of f..............................................1 04
Ve ntilating thev ehicle (con veni‐
ence opening) .................................... 60
Ve ntilation nozzles at front ............... 104Ve
ntilation nozzles in ther oof ..........1 05
Ve ntilation nozzles, rear passenger
compartment .................................. .105
Cock pit (o verview) .................................. .6
Combination switch see High beam
see High-beam flasher
see Indicator
Compu ter
see On-boar dcomputer
Con venience closing .............................. 60
Con venience opening ............................. 60
Con versions ............................................ 21
Coolant Fillin gcapacitie s............................... 261
Coolant (engine) Checkin glevel .................................. 19 6
No tes. ............................................... 261
Copyright License ............................................... 29
Trademar ks........................................ 29
Co rnering light ...................................... .85
Crosswind Assist Function/no tes. ............................... 14 8
Cruise control ...................................... .151
Ac tivating .......................................... 151
Buttons ............................................. 151
Callin gupas peed........................... .151
Deactivating ...................................... 151
Fu nctio n............................................ 151
Re quirements .................................. .151
Selecting ........................................... 151
Setting thes peed .............................. 151
St oring aspeed ................................. 151
Sy stem limitations ............................1 51
Cus tomer Assi stance Center (C AC)...... 26
Cus tomer Relations Department .......... 26 D
DA Ba nnouncements
Ad justing .......................................... 181
Dashboa rd
see Cockpit (o verview)
Dashboa rdlighting
see Instrument lighting
Data recordin g(vehicle) ........................ 27
Deale rship
see Qualified speciali stwo rkshop Index
303
Page 306 of 324

Decla
ratio nofc onform ity
Ve hicle componentsw hichreceive
and/or transmit radio wav es .............. 24
Wi reless vehicle components. ............24
DEF ................................................ 136, 257
Ad ditiv e................................... .136, 257
Displ aying thef ill le vel. .................... .137
Filling capacity ................................. 258
Pu rity ........................................ 136, 257
Re filling ............................................ 137
Definitions (ti resa nd loading) ............ 237
Diagnostics connection .........................25
Diesel Lowo utside temp eratures ............... 255
No tes. .............................................. 255
Diesel particulat efilter
Au tomatic rege neration .................... 12 0
Displ aying load ................................ .120
No tes. ............................................... 12 0
Digita lspe edome ter............................. 173
Dimming thei nsid erearvi ewmirror .... 98
DIREC TSELECT lever ............................ 12 2
Engaging driv eposit ion. ................... 12 3
Engaging neutral ............................... 12 2
Engaging pa rkposition automati‐
call y................................................. .123
Engaging reve rseg ear ...................... 12 2
Fu nctio n........................................... 12 2
Selecting pa rkposition .....................1 23
Dire ction indicator
see Indicator
Displa y(care) ........................................ 204
Displa y(on-boar dcompu ter) ............... 171
Displa ymessage .................................. 269
Callin gup( on-boar dcompu ter) ........ 269
No tes. .............................................. 269
Displa ymessages
00AC ............................................... 278
00B2 ---mph................................... 275
003D 12VB atter ySee Operator's
Manual .............................................2 80
0099 Additiv eSystemF ault Emer‐
ge ncy Op.: XXX mphS ee Opera‐
to r's Manual .................................... .282
0099 Additiv eSystemF ault See
Operator' sManual .......................... .282 0099
Additiv eSystemF ault Starts
until Emerg. Op. :XXX See Opera‐
to r's Manual ..................................... 282
Û ATTENTION ASSIS TInopera‐
tive ................................................... 277
Û ATTENTION ASSIS T:Take a
Break! ............................................... 278
0049 AutoLam pFunction Inope ra‐
tive ................................................... 289
004D CheckBrake Fluid Le vel.......... 272
00AC CheckCoolan tLeve lSee
Opera tor's Manual ............................ 281
00B2 CheckEngine Oil AtNext
Re fueling .......................................... 279
00B2 CheckEngineO il Le vel(Add
1L iter) ............................................ .279
003A CheckFuel Filter ..................... 278
0049 CheckLeftL ow Beam (e xam‐
ple) .................................................. .289
0077 CheckTires ............................. 283
00B2 CheckWashe rFluid ................2 85
00AC Coolant TooH otStop Vehicle
Tu rn Engine Off ................................ 280
00CE Currently Un available Cam‐
er aD irty .......................................... .276
0025 Currentl yU navailable See
Opera tor's Manual ............................ 274
00E5 Currentl yU navailable See
Opera tor's Manual ............................ 274
00AF Don't Forget Your Key ............ .284
00B3 Engine Oi lLeve lCann otBe
Measured ......................................... 278
00B2 Engine Oi lLeve lLow Stop
Ve hicle Turn Engine Off .................... 279
00B2 Engine Oi lPressur eStop
Switc hOffEngine ............................. 278
00B2 Engine Oi lReduce Oil Le vel.....2 79
0075 Front Lef tMalfunction
Service Required (e xample).............. 270
00D4 Fuel Le velL ow ........................ .278
0024 Incline TooS teep See Opera‐
to r's Manual ..................................... 271
003B Inoperativ eBatter yLow .......... 286 304
Index
Page 314 of 324

Operating
fluids
Ad ditives (fuel) .................................2 55
Brak efluid ........................................ 260
Coolant (engine) .............................. .261
DEF .................................................. 257
Engine oi l......................................... 258
Fu el (diesel) ...................................... 255
Fu el (gasoline) ..................................2 55
No tes. .............................................. 254
Wi ndshield washer fluid ............ 261, 262
Ope ratin gInstructions (vehicle
equipment) ............................................. 22
Operatin gsafety
Chan gesint he engine po werout‐
put ...................................................... 25
Declaration of conformity (vehicle
components that recei veand/or
transmit radio wav es) .........................24
Declaration of conformity (wireless
ve hicle components) .......................... 24
Information .........................................23
Multimedia sy stem ........................... 178
Operating sy stem
On-boar dcomputer .......................... 17 0
Outsid emirro rs ...................................... 97
fo lding in/out .................................... .97
Setting ................................................ 97
Setting options ................................... 16
Overhead control panel Adjusting thei nterior lighting .............87
Overvie w............................................. 11P
Pa int (cleaning instructions) ...............201
Pa int code ............................................ .252
Pa rk position
Engaging ........................................... 12 3
Engaging au tomatically .................... .123
Pa rking Assis tPARKTRONIC
Driv eAwayA ssist ............................. 15 9
Pa rking brak e(electrical)
see Electric parkin gbrake
Pa rking brak e(manual)
see Manual parkin gbrake
Pa rking forane xtended period ...........14 4
Pa rking light .......................................... .84
Pa rtition sliding door
Fr om thec argo compartmen t.............57
Fr om thed rive r's compartmen t..........56
Pe rm issible gross mass ...................... 252 Pe
rm issible towing me thods .............. .214
Pe ts in the vehicle .................................. 45
Phone book Downloading mobile phone con‐
tacts ................................................. 184
Sea rching forac ontact .................... 184
Placing aload on thew heel ar ch........ 191
Plastic trim (care) ................................ 204
Po we rsupp ly
Batter ymains witc h.......................... 121
Switching on (s tart/s topb utton) ...... 109
Po we rw asher (care) ........................... .200
Po we rw indo ws
see Side window Q
QR code (rescue card) ...........................27
Qualified specialis tworks hop .............. 25 R
Ra ck systems (information) ................188
Ra dar senso rs....................................... 14 5
Ra dio ..................................................... 180
Ac tivating/deactivating traf fic
announcement s............................... .181
DA Ba nnouncements ........................ 181
Program pr eview( EPG) .................... .181
Selecting thef requ ency band ........... 180
Setting astatio n. .............................. 180
St oring radio stations ...................... .180
Ra dio connection
Ke y. .................................................... 46
Re alwo od (care) .................................. 204
Re ar
Motion de tector .................................. 89
Re ar ben chseat
see Seats
Re ar Cross Traf ficA lert ...................... .159
Re ar fogl ight .......................................... 84
Re ar vie wcamera
Care ................................................. 202
Fu nctions .......................................... 15 5
Wi th rear-vie wmirro rd ispla y............ 15 6
Re ar windo wwiper
Re placing ............................................ 97
Switching on/of f................................ 95
Re ar-co mpartment heating .................102 312
Index
Page 320 of 324

0027
Brakewarning lam p(red)
(USA) ........................................ 293, 294
00AC Coolant warning lam p............. 297
00BA Distanc ewarning lam p........... .296
0024 Electric parkin gbrake
applied redi ndicator lam p(Can‐
ada) does no tlight up ...................... 290
0049 Electricp arkin gb rake
applied redi ndicator lam p(USA)
does no tlight up .............................. 290
0024 Electricp arkin gb rake mal‐
functioning yello wi ndicator lamp
light sup. .................................. 290, 291
003D Electrical ma lfunction warn‐
ing lam p........................................... 297
00B9 Engine diagnosi swarning
lam p................................................. 298
00BB ESP®
OF Fw arning lam p......... .295
00E5 ESP®
wa rning lam pflashes .... .295
00E5 ESP®
wa rning lam plight sup. .. 294
00D4 Fuelreser vewarning lam p......2 97
00CC Powe rsteering sy stem warn‐
ing lam p........................................... 296
0024 Rede lect ricp arkin gb rake
applied indicator lam p(Canada)
fl ashes .............................................. 291
0024 Rede lect ricp arkin gb rake
applied indicator lam p(Canada)
light sup. .................................. 291, 292
0049 Rede lect ricp arkin gb rake
applied indicator lam p(USA)
fl ashes .............................................. 291
0049 Rede lect ricp arkin gb rake
applied indicator lam p(USA) lights
up ............................................ .291,2 92
0024 Redp arkin gbrake applied
indicator lam p(Canada) lights up .....2 92
0049 Redp arkin gbrake applied
indicator lam p(USA) lights up .......... 292
0075 Restra int sy stem warning
lam p................................................. 294
0076 Seat bel twarning lamp
fl ashes ............................................ .296 0076
Seat bel twarning lam plights
up .................................................... .296
0024 The electric parking brake
malfunctioning yello wi ndicator
lam pdoes no tlight up ...................... 292
0077 Tire pressur emonitoring sys‐
te mw arning lam pflashes ................ 298
0077 Tire pressur emonitoring sys‐
te mw arning lam plight sup. ............ .298
Wa rranty .................................................27
Wa rranty term sand conditions ............ 22
Wa sher fluid
see Windshield washer fluid (no tes)
Wa shing byhand (care) ....................... 201
Wheel rotation ...................................... 24 0
Wheel size categori es.......................... 24 0
Wheel wrench ....................................... 241
Wheels Care ................................................. 202
Characteristics of thet ire. ................ 235
Checking .......................................... 222
Checking thet irep ressur e(tire
pressur emonitoring sy stem) ............ 230
Definition s........................................2 37
DO T,Tire Identification Number
(TIN) ................................................. 234
Flat tir e............................................. 208
Ins talling .......................................... .244
Load inde x........................................ 235
Load-bearing capacity ...................... 235
Maximu mtirel oad ........................... 235
Maximu mtirep ressur e.................... 235
Noise ................................................ 222
No tesoni nstalling .......................... .238
Overvie woftirel ab eling ................... 233
Re moving ........................................ .244
Re placing .................................. 238, 241
Re startin gthe tir epressur emoni‐
to r. ................................................... 230
Ro tating ............................................ 24 0
Selecting .......................................... 238
Size designation ............................... 235
Sno wchains .....................................2 23
Speed rating ..................................... 235
St oring ..............................................2 41
Te mp eratur egrade ........................... 233
Ti re and Loading In form atio nplac‐
ar d. .................................................. .231
Ti re pressur e(notes) ........................ 224 318
Index