steering MITSUBISHI MONTERO 1998 Service Manual

WHEEL ALIGNMENT THEORY/OPERATION
1998 Mitsubishi Montero
GENERAL INFORMATION
Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation
ALL MODELS
* PLEASE READ THIS FIRST *
NOTE: This article is intended for general information purposes
only. This information may not apply to all makes and models.
PRE-ALIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
GENERAL ALIGNMENT CHECKS
Before adjusting wheel alignment, check the following:
* Each axle uses tires of same construction and tread style,
equal in tread wear and overall diameter. Verify that radial
and axial runout is not excessive. Inflation should be at
manufacturer's specifications.
* Steering linkage and suspension must not have excessive play.
Check for wear in tie rod ends and ball joints. Springs must
not be sagging. Control arm and strut rod bushings must not
have excessive play. See Fig. 1.
Fig. 1: Checking Steering Linkage
* Vehicle must be on level floor with full fuel tank, no
passenger load, spare tire in place and no load in trunk.
Bounce front and rear end of vehicle several times. Confirm

vehicle is at normal riding height.
* Steering wheel must be centered with wheels in straight ahead
position. If required, shorten one tie rod adjusting sleeve
and lengthen opposite sleeve (equal amount of turns). See
Fig. 2.
* Wheel bearings should have the correct preload and lug nuts
must be tightened to manufacturer's specifications. Adjust
camber, caster and toe-in using this sequence. Follow
instructions of the alignment equipment manufacturer.
CAUTION: Do not attempt to correct alignment by straightening parts.
Damaged parts must be replaced.
Fig. 2: Adjusting Tie Rod Sleeves (Top View)
CAMBER
1) Camber is the tilting of the wheel, outward at either top
or bottom, as viewed from front of vehicle. See Fig. 3.
2) When wheels tilts outward at the top (from centerline of
vehicle), camber is positive. When wheels tilt inward at top, camber
is negative. Amount of tilt is measured in degrees from vertical.

Fig. 3: Determining Camber Angle
CASTER
1) Caster is tilting of front steering axis either forward or
backward from vertical, as viewed from side of vehicle. See Fig. 4.
2) When axis is tilted backward from vertical, caster is
positive. This creates a trailing action on front wheels. When axis is
tilted forward, caster is negative, causing a leading action on front
wheels.
Fig. 4: Determining Caster Angle
TOE-IN ADJUSTMENT
Toe-in is the width measured at the rear of the tires

subtracted by the width measured at the front of the tires at about
spindle height. A positive figure would indicate toe-in and a negative
figure would indicate toe-out. If the distance between the front and
rear of the tires is the same, toe measurement would be zero. To
adjust:
1) Measure toe-in with front wheels in straight ahead
position and steering wheel centered. To adjust toe-in, loosen clamps
and turn adjusting sleeve or adjustable end on right and left tie
rods. See Figs. 2 and 5.
2) Turn equally and in opposite directions to maintain
steering wheel in centered position. Face of tie rod end must be
parallel with machined surface of steering rod end to prevent binding.
3) When tightening clamps, make certain that clamp bolts are
positioned so there will be no interference with other parts
throughout the entire travel of linkage.
Fig. 5: Wheel Toe-In (Dimension A Less Dimension B)
TOE-OUT ON TURNS
1) Toe-out on turns (turning radius) is a check for bent or
damaged parts, and not a service adjustment. With caster, camber, and
toe-in properly adjusted, check toe-out with weight of vehicle on
wheels.
2) Use a full floating turntable under each wheel, repeating
test with each wheel positioned for right and left turns. Incorrect
toe-out generally indicates a bent steering arm. Replace arm, if
necessary, and recheck wheel alignment.

STEERING AXIS INCLINATION
1) Steering axis inclination is a check for bent or damaged
parts, and not a service adjustment. Vehicle must be level and camber
should be properly adjusted. See Fig. 6.
2) If camber cannot be brought within limits and steering
axis inclination is correct, steering knuckle is bent. If camber and
steering axis inclination are both incorrect by approximately the same
amount, the upper and lower control arms are bent.
Fig. 6: Checking Steering Axis Inclination

WIPER/WASHER SYSTEM
1998 Mitsubishi Montero
1998 ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT
Mitsubishi - Wiper/Washer Systems
Diamante, Eclipse, Galant, Mirage, Montero, Montero Sport,
3000GT
DESCRIPTION & OPERATION
All models are equipped with a 2-speed wiper motor with an
optional intermittent wiper feature. Some models are equipped with a
rear wiper/washer.
Galant is equipped with a wiper system that varies
intermittent setting speed with vehicle speed. System uses ignition
switch, wiper switch, intermittent switch, washer switch, vehicle
speed sensor, and Electronic Time Alarm Control System (ETACS) ECU.
COMPONENT LOCATIONS
COMPONENT LOCATIONS TABLE








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Component Location
Assist-ECU (Diamante) ............. Above Right Kick Panel
ETACS-ECU ....................... Behind Left Side Of Dash
Wiper Relay
Front
Except Diamante &
3000GT ....................... Integral With Steering
Column Switch
Rear
Eclipse .............. Within Rear Wiper/Washer Switch
Montero &
Montero Sport ................ On Relay Block, Behind
Left Side Of Dash
3000GT ................ Behind Left Rear Quarter Panel










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ADJUSTMENTS
FRONT WIPER ARM ADJUSTMENT
Ensure wiper motor is in park position. Position wiper arm
and blade assembly so tip of blade is specified distance above front
window trim. See FRONT WIPER ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS table.
FRONT WIPER ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS TABLE









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Driver's Side Passenger's Side
Model In. (mm) In. (mm)
Diamante ....... 2.56-3.15 (65-80) .... .79-1.38 (20-35)
Eclipse .......... .19-.59 (5-15) .... 1.65-2.05 (42-52)
Galant ........... .39-.79 (10-20) ..... .39-.79 (10-20)
Mirage .......... .79-1.18 (20-30) .... .79-1.18 (20-30)
Montero ......... .98-1.38 (25-35) ... 1.38-1.77 (35-45)
Montero Sport ... .98-1.20 (25-31) ... 1.20-1.50 (31-38)
3000GT ........... .59-.79 (15-20) ..... .59-.79 (15-20)









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REAR WIPER ARM ADJUSTMENT
NOTE: Diamante, Galant and Mirage are not equipped with rear
wipers.
Ensure wiper motor is in park position. Position wiper arm
and blade assembly so tip of blade is specified distance from edge of
window. See REAR WIPER ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS table.
REAR WIPER ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS TABLE









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Model In. (mm)
Eclipse .............................. 4.98-5.38 (125-135)
Montero & Montero Sport ................ 2.56-2.95 (65-75)
3000GT ............................................... ( 1)
( 1) - Position blade tip along ceramic edge of window.









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COMPONENT TESTS
* PLEASE READ THIS FIRST *
NOTE: For headlight washer switch testing on Montero,
see STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES article.
WASHER MOTOR TEST (FRONT & REAR)
1) Ensure washer reservoir fluid is at proper level. Turn
ignition switch to ON position. Press washer button on wiper/washer
switch. If fluid does not spray on windshield, turn ignition off.
Check for plugged washer hoses from washer reservoir to windshield
nozzle. Repair as necessary.
2) If washer hoses are not plugged, disconnect washer motor
electrical connector. Check for poor connection or connector damage.
Repair as necessary. If connector is okay, connect battery power to
washer motor terminals. Washer motor should operate. Replace motor as
necessary.
FRONT WIPER MOTOR TEST
Checking Wiper Motor Operation
Disconnect wiring connector from wiper motor. Connect battery
voltage to wiper motor connector as shown, and ensure wiper motor
operates at low and high speeds. See Fig. 1 or 2. Replace motor as
necessary.
Checking Automatic Stop
1) Operate wiper motor at low speed. See Fig. 1 or 2.
Disconnect battery voltage during operation to stop motor.
2) Using a jumper wire, connect terminals as shown. See
Fig. 1 or 2. Connect 12 volts to indicated terminal, and ground wiper
motor bracket. Ensure wiper arm is correctly parked. Replace motor as
necessary.

NOTE: Front wiper switch is part of combination switch on steering
column. For diagnosis, see STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES article.
REAR WIPER MOTOR TEST
Operational Check
Disconnect wiring connector from wiper motor. Connect battery
voltage to wiper motor connector as shown, and ensure motor housing is
grounded. Motor should run at low and high speed. See Fig. 4, 5, 6 or
7. Replace motor as necessary.
Fig. 4: Checking Rear Wiper Motor Operation & Automatic Stop
(Eclipse)
Courtesy of Mitsubishi Motor Sales of America

1) Remove wiper switch from instrument panel and disconnect
wiper switch. Place wiper switch in OFF position. Continuity should
exist between terminals No. 4 and 5. See Fig. 12. Place wiper switch
in ON position. Continuity should exist between terminals No. 5 and 6.
2) Place wiper switch in INT position. Continuity should
exist between terminals No. 4 and 5, and between terminals No. 7 and
8. Depress washer switch. Continuity should exist between terminals
No. 2 and 6. Continuity between terminals No. 1 and 3 should exist in
all positions (light circuit).
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
FRONT WIPER MOTOR
Removal & Installation
Remove wiper motor bolts. Pull motor out slightly. Disconnect
wiper linkage from motor assembly and remove motor. To install,
reverse removal procedure.
FRONT WIPER SWITCH
NOTE: Front wiper switch is part of combination switch on steering
column. See STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES article.
REAR WIPER MOTOR
Removal & Installation
Remove wiper blade and arm assembly. Remove tailgate trim, 2
bolts and wiper motor. To install, reverse removal procedure. Ensure
grommet is in good condition.
REAR WIPER SWITCH
Removal & Installation
Pry rear wiper switch from instrument panel and disconnect
wiper switch wiring connector. To install switch, reverse removal
procedure.
WIRING DIAGRAMS