cooling NISSAN ALMERA 2001 Manual Online

High-pressure Side is Too Low and Low-pressure Side is Too High.NJHA0151S03
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
High-pressure side is too low and
low-pressure side is too high.
AC356A
High and low-pressure sides
become equal soon after
compressor operation stops.Compressor pressure opera-
tion is improper.
¯
Damaged inside compressor
packingsReplace compressor.
No temperature difference
between high and low-pres-
sure sidesCompressor pressure opera-
tion is improper.
¯
Damaged inside compressor
packings.Replace compressor.
Both High- and Low-pressure Sides are Too Low.NJHA0151S04
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
Both high- and low-pressure sides
are too low.
AC353A
+There is a big temperature
difference between
receiver drier outlet and
inlet. Outlet temperature is
extremely low.
+Liquid tank inlet and
expansion valve are
frosted.Liquid tank inside is slightly
clogged.+Replace liquid tank.
+Check lubricant for con-
tamination.
+Temperature of expansion
valve inlet is extremely
low as compared with
areas near liquid tank.
+Expansion valve inlet may
be frosted.
+Temperature difference
occurs somewhere in
high- pressure sideHigh-pressure pipe located
between receiver drier and
expansion valve is clogged.+Check and repair malfunc-
tioning parts.
+Check lubricant for con-
tamination.
+Expansion valve and liquid
tank are warm or only cool
when touched.Low refrigerant charge
¯
Leaking fittings or compo-
nentsCheck refrigerant for leaks.
Refer to ªChecking Refriger-
ant Leaksº, HA-93.
There is a big temperature
difference between expan-
sion valve inlet and outlet
while the valve itself is
frosted.Expansion valve closes a
little compared with the
specification.
¯
1. Improper expansion valve
adjustment
2. Malfunctioning thermal
valve
3. Outlet and inlet may be
clogged.+Remove foreign particles
by using compressed air.
+Check lubricant for con-
tamination.
An area of the low-pressure
pipe is colder than areas
near the evaporator outlet.Low-pressure pipe is clogged
or crushed.+Check and repair malfunc-
tioning parts.
+Check lubricant for con-
tamination.
Air flow volume is not
enough or is too low.Evaporator is frozen.+Check thermo control
amp. operation.
+Replace compressor.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Insufficient Cooling (Cont'd)
HA-74

Low-pressure Side Sometimes Becomes Negative.NJHA0151S05
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
Low-pressure side sometimes
becomes negative.
AC354A
+Air conditioning system
does not function and
does not cyclically cool
the compartment air.
+The system constantly
functions for a certain
period of time after com-
pressor is stopped and
restarted.Refrigerant does not dis-
charge cyclically.
¯
Moisture is frozen at expan-
sion valve outlet and inlet.
¯
Water is mixed with refriger-
ant.+Drain water from refriger-
ant or replace refrigerant.
+Replace liquid tank.
Low-pressure Side Becomes Negative.NJHA0151S06
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
Low-pressure side becomes nega-
tive.
AC362A
Liquid tank or front/rear side
of expansion valve's pipe is
frosted or dewed.High-pressure side is closed
and refrigerant does not flow.
¯
Expansion valve or liquid
tank is frosted.Leave the system at rest
until no frost is present. Start
it again to check whether or
not the problem is caused by
water or foreign particles.
+If water is the cause, ini-
tially cooling is okay. Then
the water freezes causing
a blockage. Drain water
from refrigerant or replace
refrigerant.
+If due to foreign particles,
remove expansion valve
and remove particles with
dry and compressed air
(not shop air).
+If either of the above
methods cannot correct
the problem, replace
expansion valve.
+Replace liquid tank.
+Check lubricant for con-
tamination.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Insufficient Cooling (Cont'd)
HA-75

Maintenance of Lubricant Quantity in
Compressor
NJHA0160The lubricant in the compressor circulates through the system with
the refrigerant. Add lubricant to compressor when replacing any
component or after a large gas leakage occurred. It is important to
maintain the specified amount.
If lubricant quantity is not maintained properly, the following mal-
functions may result:
+Lack of lubricant: May lead to a seized compressor
+Excessive lubricant: Inadequate cooling (thermal exchange
interference)
LUBRICANTNJHA0160S01Name: Nissan A/C System Oil Type R for DKV-11G compres-
sor
Part number: KLH00-PAGR0
Name: Nissan A/C System Oil Type S for CSV613 compressor
Part number: KLH00-PAGS0
CHECKING AND ADJUSTINGNJHA0160S02Adjust the lubricant quantity according to the test group shown
below.
1 LUBRICANT RETURN OPERATION
Can lubricant return operation be performed?
+A/C system works properly.
+There is no evidence of a large amount of lubricant leakage.
YesorNo
Ye s©GO TO 2.
No©GO TO 3.
2 PERFORM LUBRICANT RETURN OPERATION, PROCEEDING AS FOLLOWS
1. Start engine, and set the following conditions:
+Test condition
Engine speed: Idling to 1,200 rpm
A/C or AUTO switch: ON
Blower speed: Max. position
Temp. control: Optional [Set so that intake air temperature is 25 to 30ÉC (77 to 86ÉF).]
2. Perform lubricant return operation for about 10 minutes.
3. Stop engine.
CAUTION:
If excessive lubricant leakage is noted, do not perform the lubricant return operation.
©GO TO 3.
3 CHECK COMPRESSOR
Should the compressor be replaced?
YesorNo
Ye s©GO TO HA-82.
No©GO TO 4.
SERVICE PROCEDURE
Maintenance of Lubricant Quantity in Compressor
HA-80

Heater & Cooling Unit (Heater Core)
REMOVALNJHA0193
RHA807H
1. Drain the cooling system. Refer to LC-18 (QG), LC-44 (YD),
ªChanging Engine Coolantº.
2. Discharge the A/C system. Refer to HA-78.
3. Disconnect the two heater hoses from inside the engine com-
partment.
4. Remove the blower unit. Refer to HA-89.
5. Remove the steering member assembly. Refer to BT-25,
ªInstrument Panel Assemblyº.
6. Remove the heater unit.
7. Separate the heater & cooling unit case, and remove the
heater core.
INSTALLATIONNJHA0194Install in the reverse order of removal.
When filling radiator with coolant, refer to LC-19 (QG), LC-45
(YD), ªRefilling Engine Coolantº.
Recharge the A/C system. Refer to HA-78.
RHA673H
A/C Evaporator
REMOVALNJHA02041. Discharge the A/C system. Refer to HA-78.
2. Disconnect the two refrigerant lines from the engine compart-
ment.
Cap the A/C lines to prevent moisture from entering the sys-
tem.
3. Remove the grommet cover, grommet and expansion valve
cover from the engine compartment.
4. Remove the glove box, instrument lower assist panel, instru-
ment lower cover and drink holder. Refer to BT-25.
SERVICE PROCEDURE
Heater & Cooling Unit (Heater Core)
HA-88

RHA674H
5. Remove the five screws fixed heater & cooling unit lower
cover.
6. Slide the A/C evaporator to rear side.
7. Slide the heater & cooling unit lower cover to rear side and
then remove it.
8. Slide the A/C evaporator to the front side and then remove the
A/C evaporator.
INSTALLATIONNJHA0205Install in the reverse order of removal.
Recharge the A/C system. Refer to HA-78.
Blower Unit
REMOVALNJHA0195
RHA676HA
SERVICE PROCEDURE
A/C Evaporator (Cont'd)
HA-89

SHA708EA
3. Move probe along component approximately 25 to 50 mm (1
to 2 in)/sec.
Checking ProcedureNJHA0168S03To prevent inaccurate or false readings, make sure there is no
refrigerant vapor, shop chemicals, or cigarette smoke in the
vicinity of the vehicle. Perform the leak test in calm area (low
air/wind movement) so that the leaking refrigerant is not dis-
persed.
1. Turn engine off.
2. Connect a suitable A/C manifold gauge set to the A/C service
ports.
3. Check if the A/C refrigerant pressure is at least 345.2 kPa (3.45
bar, 3.52 kg/cm
2, 50.1 psi) above 16ÉC (61ÉF). If less than
specification, recover/evacuate and recharge the system with
the specified amount of refrigerant.
NOTE:
At temperatures below 16ÉC (61ÉF), leaks may not be detected
since the system may not reach 345.2 kPa (3.45 bar, 3.52 kg/cm
2,
50.1 psi).
4. Conduct the leak test from the high side (compressor dis-
chargeato evaporator inletg) to the low side (evaporator drain
hosehto shaft sealk). Refer to HA-91. Perform a leak check
for the following areas carefully. Clean the component to be
checked and move the leak detector probe completely around
the connection/component.
+Compressor
Check the fitting of high and low pressure hoses, relief valve
and shaft seal.
+Liquid tank
Check the pressure switch, refrigerant pressure sensor, tube
fitting, weld seams and the fusible plug mount.
+Service valves
Check all around the service valves. Ensure service valve caps
are secured on the service valves (to prevent leaks).
NOTE:
After removing A/C manifold gauge set from service valves, wipe
any residue from valves to prevent any false readings by leak
detector.
+Cooling unit (Evaporator)
With engine OFF, turn blower fan on ªHighº for at least 15
seconds to dissipate any refrigerant trace in the cooling unit.
Wait a minimum of 10 minutes accumulation time (refer to the
manufacturer's recommended procedure for actual wait time)
before inserting the leak detector probe into the drain hose.
Keep the probe inserted for at least ten seconds. Use caution
not to contaminate the ptobe tip with water or dirt that may be
in the drain hose.
SERVICE PROCEDURE
Refrigerant Lines (Cont'd)
HA-94

Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) Ð Auxiliary Air
Control (AAC) Valve
INSPECTIONNJHA0199+Refer to EC-376 (QG), ªSystem Descriptionº.
RHA680H
Ventilation Air Filter
FUNCTIONNJHA0171Air inside passenger compartment is kept clean at either recircula-
tion or fresh mode by installing ventilation air filter into cooling unit.
SHA868E
REPLACEMENT TIMINGNJHA0172Replace ventilation air filter.
Refer to MA-4, ªPERIODIC MAINTENANCEº.
Caution label is fixed inside the glove box.
RHA681H
REPLACEMENT PROCEDURENJHA0173+Remove glove box.
+Remove filter cover.
+Take out the ventilation air filter from blower unit.
+Replace with new one and reinstall on blower unit.
+Reinstall glove box.
SERVICE PROCEDURE
Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) Ð Auxiliary Air Control (AAC) Valve
HA-96

C
CHARGE - Wiring diagram ....................... SC-27
CHIME - Wiring diagram ................. EL-199, 207
CIGAR - Wiring diagram ................. EL-236, 237
CKPS - Wiring diagram .......... EC-330, 485, 695
CMPS - Wiring diagram .......................... EC-337
CONSULT for ABS .................................... BR-65
CONSULT for engine ........................ EC-83, 632
COOL/F - Wiring diagram ............... EC-409, 730
Camshaft inspection ......................... EM-37, 123
Camshaft position sensor (CMPS) ......... EC-335
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE) ........ EC-335
Canister - See EVAP canister ................... EC-36
Charging system ....................................... SC-26
Cigarette lighter ....................................... EL-236
Circuit breaker ........................................... EL-38
Closed throttle position switch ....... EC-385, 520
Clutch cover .............................................. CL-22
Clutch disc ................................................. CL-22
Clutch master cylinder ............................... CL-11
Clutch operating cylinder ........................... CL-14
Clutch pedal .............................................. CL-10
Clutch release bearing ........................ CL-17, 20
Clutch release mechanism .................. CL-17, 20
Clutch withdrawal lever ....................... CL-17, 20
Coil spring (front) ........................................ SU-9
Coil spring (rear) ....................................... SU-21
Collision diagnosis .................................... RS-85
Combination lamp, rear, removal and
installation .............................................. BT-47
Combination meter removal and instal-
lation - See Instrument panel ................ BT-25
Combination meter .................................. EL-144
Combination switch ................................... EL-56
Compression pressure ............................. EM-83
Compressor clutch removal and
installation .............................................. HA-83
Compressor precaution ............................... HA-5
Compressor special service tool ................. HA-9
Connecting rod bearing clearance ... EM-60, 151
Connecting rod bushing clearance ... EM-61, 153
Connecting rod ................................. EM-57, 146
Console box - See Instrument panel ......... BT-25
Control lever (M/T) .................................... MT-29
Control valve (A/T) ................................... AT-388
Converter housing installation ................. AT-355
Coolant mixture ratio ................................ MA-18
Cooling circuit (engine) ....................... LC-12, 37
Cooling fan control system .................. LC-17, 43
Cooling fan control .......................... EC-406, 730
Cooling fan motor ................................... EC-417
Cooling fan relay ..................................... EC-416
Coupling sleeve (M/T) .................. MT-31, 55, 93
Crankcase emission control system -
See Positive crankcase ventilation ...... EC-39,
613
Crankcase ventilation system - See
Positive crankcase ventilation ....... EC-39, 613
Crankshaft position sensor (OBD) .. EC-328, 484Crankshaft position sensor (POS) .. EC-328, 484
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC) .......... EC-695
Crankshaft ........................................ EM-59, 148
Cylinder block ................................... EM-54, 140
Cylinder head .................................... EM-34, 119
D
DEF - Wiring diagram ...................... EL-242, 250
DTC work support ..................................... EC-92
Data link connector for Consult ........ EC-40, 632
Daytime light system ................................. EL-67
Detonation sensor - See Knock
sensor .................................................. EC-324
Diagnosis sensor unit ............................... RS-26
Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for
OBD system .................... EC-10, 72, 596, 627
Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) inspec-
tion priority chart .................................. EC-153
Differential gear (FF A/T) ......................... AT-442
Differential gear (FF M/T) ...... MT-31, 44, 55, 93,
107
Dimensions ................................................. GI-43
Dome light - See Interior lamp ................ EL-115
Door glass ................................................. BT-17
Door lock ................................................... BT-21
Door mirror ................................................ BT-75
Door trim .................................................... BT-39
Door, front .................................................. BT-16
Door, rear ................................................... BT-16
Drive plate runout ..................................... EM-62
Drive shaft (front) ...................................... AX-10
Dropping resistor (A/T) .................... AT-182, 245
Dual pressure switch ................................ HA-13
E
ECCS-D control module ........ EC-659, 714, 792,
794, 799, 801
ECM input/output signal ................. EC-164, 659
ECTS - Wiring diagram ................... EC-203, 680
EGR control valve ................................... EC-432
EGR temperature sensor ........................ EC-418
EGR volume control valve ...................... EC-815
EGR/TS - Wiring diagram ....................... EC-421
EGRC1 - Wiring diagram ....... EC-347, 429, 494,
817
EVAP canister purge volume control
solenoid valve ........................................ EC-37
EVAP canister purge volume control
valve ............................................ EC-364, 503
EVAP canister ........................................... EC-37
Electric sunroof ........................................ EL-292
Electrical diagnoses ................................... GI-21
Electrical ignition system .......................... EC-34
Electrical load signal circuit ..................... EC-578
Electrical unit ........................................... EL-581
Electrical units location ............................ EL-517
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
IDX-3

ENGINE LUBRICATION &
COOLING SYSTEMS
SECTION
LC
CONTENTS
QG
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM..................................3
Precautions ..................................................................3
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE............3
Preparation ..................................................................3
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS........................................3
Lubrication Circuit ........................................................4
Oil Pressure Check......................................................5
Oil Pump ......................................................................5
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION.................................5
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY................................6
INSPECTION.............................................................7
REGULATOR VALVE INSPECTION............................8
Changing Engine Oil....................................................8
Changing Oil Filter .......................................................9
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................10
OIL PRESSURE CHECK..........................................10
OIL PUMP INSPECTION..........................................10
REGULATOR VALVE INSPECTION..........................10
OIL CAPACITY........................................................10
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM........................................ 11
Precautions ................................................................ 11
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE.......... 11
Preparation ................................................................ 11
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS...................................... 11
Cooling Circuit ...........................................................12
System Check............................................................12
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM HOSES...................12
CHECKING RADIATOR............................................13
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP....................................13
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM FOR LEAKS............13
Water Pump ...............................................................14
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................14
INSPECTION...........................................................14
Thermostat .................................................................15
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................15
INSPECTION...........................................................16
Radiator .....................................................................16
COMPONENTS.......................................................16
Cooling Fan ...............................................................17
COMPONENTS.......................................................17
CONTROL SYSTEM................................................18
Changing Engine Coolant..........................................18
- DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT -............................18
- REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT -...........................19
- FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM -............................20
Radiator (Aluminum type) ..........................................21
PREPARATION.......................................................21
DISASSEMBLY........................................................21
ASSEMBLY.............................................................22
INSPECTION...........................................................23
Overheating Cause Analysis .....................................24
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................25
THERMOSTAT........................................................25
RADIATOR..............................................................25
COOLANT CAPACITY..............................................25
YD
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM................................26
Precautions ................................................................26
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE..........26
Preparation ................................................................26
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS......................................26
Lubrication Circuit ......................................................27
Oil Pressure Check....................................................28
Oil Pump ....................................................................28
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................28
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY..............................29
OIL PUMP INSPECTION..........................................29
REGULATOR VALVE INSPECTION..........................30
Changing Engine Oil..................................................31
Oil Filter Bracket ........................................................32
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................32
Changing Oil Filter .....................................................32
REMOVAL...............................................................33
INSTALLATION........................................................33
Oil Cooler ...................................................................34
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................34
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................35
OIL PRESSURE CHECK..........................................35

REGULATOR VALVE INSPECTION..........................35
OIL PUMP INSPECTION..........................................35
ENGINE OIL CAPACITY...........................................35
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM........................................36
Precautions ................................................................36
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE..........36
Preparation ................................................................36
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS......................................36
Cooling Circuit ...........................................................37
System Check............................................................38
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM HOSES...................38
CHECKING RADIATOR............................................38
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP....................................38
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM FOR LEAKS............39
Water Pump ...............................................................39
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................39
REMOVAL...............................................................40
INSPECTION...........................................................40
INSTALLATION........................................................40
Thermostat .................................................................41
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................41
INSPECTION...........................................................42
Radiator .....................................................................42
COMPONENTS.......................................................42
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................43
Cooling Fan ...............................................................43
COMPONENTS.......................................................43
CONTROL SYSTEM................................................43
Changing Engine Coolant..........................................44
- DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT -............................44
- REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT -...........................45
- FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM -............................46
Radiator (Aluminum type) ..........................................47
Overheating Cause Analysis .....................................47
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................48
THERMOSTAT........................................................48
RADIATOR..............................................................48
ENGINE COOLANT CAPACITY................................48
CONTENTS(Cont'd)
LC-2