air conditioning NISSAN ALMERA 2001 Service Manual

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SECTION
EC
CONTENTS
QG
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INDEX..................................10
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC .........................10
PRECAUTIONS.............................................................16
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)²AIR
BAG²and²SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER².............16
Precautions for On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
System of Engine and A/T.........................................16
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System ..................17
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis ...................19
PREPARATION.............................................................20
Special Service Tools ................................................20
Commercial Service Tools .........................................20
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL
SYSTEM.........................................................................21
Engine Control Component Parts Location ...............21
Circuit Diagram ..........................................................25
System Diagram ........................................................29
Vacuum Hose Drawing ..............................................30
System Chart .............................................................31
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION...............................................32
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System .......................32
Electronic Ignition (EI) System ..................................34
Air Conditioning Cut Control ......................................35
Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed) ........................................................................36
Evaporative Emission System ...................................36
Positive Crankcase Ventilation ..................................39
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE...................................40
Fuel Pressure Release ..............................................40
Fuel Pressure Check .................................................40
Fuel Pressure Regulator Check ................................41
Injector .......................................................................41
How to Check Idle Speed and Ignition Timing ..........43
Preparation ................................................................44
Inspection Procedure .................................................47
Idle Air Volume Learning ...........................................57ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION...............................................................59
Introduction ................................................................59
Two Trip Detection Logic ...........................................59
Emission-related Diagnostic Information ...................60
NATS (Nissan Anti-theft System) ..............................74
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ..........................................74
OBD System Operation Chart (With Euro-OBD
Models Only)..............................................................78
CONSULT-II ...............................................................83
Generic Scan Tool (GST) ..........................................94
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INTRODUCTION..................96
Introduction ................................................................96
Work Flow ..................................................................98
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - BASIC INSPECTION.........100
Basic Inspection/Sedan ...........................................100
Basic Inspection/Hatchback.....................................128
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - GENERAL
DESCRIPTION.............................................................153
DTC Inspection Priority Chart..................................153
Fail-safe Chart .........................................................154
Symptom Matrix Chart .............................................155
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................159
Major Sensor Reference Graph in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................161
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................164
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - SPECIFICATION VALUE..173
Description ...............................................................173
Testing Condition .....................................................173
Inspection Procedure ...............................................173
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................174
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT
INCIDENT.....................................................................177
Description ...............................................................177
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................177
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR POWER SUPPLY........178
Main Power Supply and Ground Circuit ..................178

ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................578
Wiring Diagram ........................................................579
Diagnostic Procedure - Load Signal - .....................583
Diagnostic Procedure - Heater Control Panel
(Fan Switch) - ..........................................................589
Component Inspection .............................................590
MI & DATA LINK CONNECTORS..............................591
Wiring Diagram ........................................................591
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS).......593
Fuel Pressure Regulator..........................................593
Idle Speed and Ignition Timing ................................593
Mass Air Flow Sensor..............................................593
Intake Air Temperature Sensor ................................593
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor ......................593
Throttle Position Sensor ..........................................593
Heated Oxygen Sensor 1 Heater (Front) ................593
Heated Oxygen Sensor 2 Heater (Rear).................593
Fuel Tank Temperature Sensor (Where Fitted) .......594
EGR Volume Control Valve (Where Fitted) .............594
EGR Temperature Sensor (Where Fitted) ...............594
EVAP Canister Purge Volume Control Valve ..........594
IACV-AAC Valve ......................................................594
Injector .....................................................................594
Ignition Coil with Power Transistor ..........................594
Condenser ...............................................................594
Fuel Pump ...............................................................594
Crankshaft Position Sensor (POS) ..........................595
Camshaft Position Sensor (PHASE) .......................595
YD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INDEX................................596
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC .......................596
PRECAUTIONS...........................................................598
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)²AIR
BAG²and²SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER²...........598
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System ................599
Precautions ..............................................................600
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis .................601
PREPARATION...........................................................602
Special Service Tools ..............................................602
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL
SYSTEM.......................................................................603
Engine Control Component Parts Location .............603
Circuit Diagram ........................................................606
System Diagram ......................................................608
System Chart ...........................................................609
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.............................................610
Fuel Injection Control System .................................610
Fuel Injection Timing Control System...................... 611
Air Conditioning Cut Control ....................................612Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed) ......................................................................612
Crankcase Ventilation System .................................613
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE.................................614
Injection Tube and Injection Nozzle ........................614
Electronic Control Fuel Injection Pump ...................618
Fuel Filter .................................................................625
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION.............................................................627
DTC and MI Detection Logic ...................................627
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ..............................627
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ........................................628
CONSULT-II .............................................................632
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INTRODUCTION................637
Introduction ..............................................................637
Work Flow ................................................................639
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - BASIC INSPECTION.........641
Basic Inspection.......................................................641
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - GENERAL
DESCRIPTION.............................................................646
Symptom Matrix Chart .............................................646
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................656
Major Sensor Reference Graph in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................658
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................659
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT
INCIDENT.....................................................................665
Description ...............................................................665
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................665
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR POWER SUPPLY........666
Main Power Supply and Ground Circuit ..................666
DTC P0100 MASS AIR FLOW SEN...........................673
Component Description ...........................................673
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................673
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................673
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................673
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................673
Wiring Diagram ........................................................675
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................677
DTC P0115 COOLANT TEMP SEN............................680
Description ...............................................................680
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................680
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................680
Wiring Diagram ........................................................682
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................683
DTC P0120 ACCEL POS SENSOR............................685
Description ...............................................................685
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................685
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................685
CONTENTS(Cont'd)
EC-7

System ChartNJEC0013
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)
+Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
+Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
+Mass air flow sensor
+Engine coolant temperature sensor
+Heated oxygen sensor 1 (front)
+Ignition switch
+Throttle position sensor
+PNP switch
+Air conditioner switch
+Knock sensor
+EGR temperature sensor*1, *4
+Fuel tank temperature sensor*1, *4
+Battery voltage
+Power steering oil pressure switch
+Vehicle speed sensor
+Intake air temperature sensor
+Heated oxygen sensor 2 (rear)*2
+TCM (Transmission Control Module)*3
+Closed throttle position switch
+Electrical load
+Refrigerant pressure sensorFuel injection & mixture ratio control Injectors
Electronic ignition system Power transistor
Idle air control system IACV-AAC valve
Intake valve timing controlIntake valve timing control sole-
noid valve
Fuel pump control Fuel pump relay
On board diagnostic systemMalfunction indicator
(On the instrument panel)
EGR control*4 EGR volume control valve*4
Heated oxygen sensor 1/2 heater (front/
rear) controlHeated oxygen sensor 1/2 heater
(front/rear)
EVAP canister purge flow controlEVAP canister purge volume con-
trol solenoid valve
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Swirl control valve control*4Swirl control valve control sole-
noid*4
*1: These sensors are not used to control the engine system. They are used only for the on board diagnosis.
*2: Under normal conditions, this sensor is not for engine control operation.
*3: The DTC related to A/T will be sent to ECM.
*4: If so equipped
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEMQG
System Chart
EC-31

System DescriptionNJEC0015S02
SEF742M
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-fuel ratio for every running condition of
the engine. The ignition timing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown above.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width, crankshaft position sensor signal and cam-
shaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition signals are transmitted to the power transis-
tor.
e.g., N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
AÉBTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the ECM according to the other data stored
in the ECM.
+At starting
+During warm-up
+At idle
+During acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions.
If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition. The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The
ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut Control
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0016Input/Output Signal ChartNJEC0016S01
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner ªONº signal
Air condi-
tioner cut
controlAir conditioner relay PNP switch Neutral position
Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Ignition switch Start signal
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Vehicle speed sensor Vehicle speed
Power steering oil pressure switch Power steering operation
System DescriptionNJEC0016S02This system improves engine operation when the air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner is turned off.
+When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed.
+When cranking the engine.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Electronic Ignition (EI) System (Cont'd)
EC-35

+At high engine speeds.
+When the engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high.
+When operating power steering during low engine speed or low vehicle speed.
+When engine speed is excessively low.
+When the refrigerant pressure is excessively high or low.
Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed)
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0017Input/Output Signal ChartNJEC0017S01
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Vehicle speed sensor Vehicle speed
Fuel cut
controlInjectors PNP switch Neutral position
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE) Engine speed and cylinder number
If the engine speed is above 3,950 rpm with no load, (for example, in Neutral and engine speed over 4,000
rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,150 rpm, then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under ªMultiport Fuel Injection (MFI) Systemº,
EC-32.
Evaporative Emission System
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0018
SEF916WA
The evaporative emission system is used to reduce hydrocarbons emitted into the atmosphere from the fuel
system. This reduction of hydrocarbons is accomplished by activated charcoals in the EVAP canister.
The fuel vapor in the sealed fuel tank is led into the EVAP canister which contains activated carbon and the
vapor is stored there when the engine is not operating or when refueling to the fuel tank.
The vapor in the EVAP canister is purged by the air through the purge line to the intake manifold when the
engine is operating.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Air Conditioning Cut Control (Cont'd)
EC-36

SEF217Z
SEF454Y
SEF455Y
Idle Air Volume LearningNJEC0562DESCRIPTIONNJEC0562S01ªIdle Air Volume Learningº is an operation to learn the idle air vol-
ume that keeps each engine within the specific range. It must be
performed under any of the following conditions:
+Each time IACV-AAC valve, throttle body or ECM is replaced.
+Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PRE-CONDITIONINGNJEC0562S02Before performing ªIdle Air Volume Learningº, make sure that all of
the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are
missed for even a moment.
+Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
+Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 99ÉC (158 - 210ÉF)
+PNP switch: ON
+Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting
switch to the 1st position to light only small lamps.
+Cooling fan motor: Not operating
+Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
+Vehicle speed: Stopped
+Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until ªFLUID
TEMP SEº in ªDATA MONITORº mode of ªA/Tº system indi-
cates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive
vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURENJEC0562S03With CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03011. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 9 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 28 seconds.
7. Select ªIDLE AIR VOL LEARNº in ªWORK SUPPORTº mode.
8. Touch ªSTARTº and wait 20 seconds.
9. Make sure that ªCMPLTº is displayed on CONSULT-II screen.
If ªINCMPº is displayed, ªIdle Air Volume Learningº will not be
carried out successfully. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed M/T: 700±50 rpm
A/T: 800±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing M/T: 8±5É BTDC
A/T: 10±5É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Without CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03021. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-57

Monitored item [Unit]ECM
input
signalsMain
signalsDescription Remarks
HO2S2 MNTR (B1)
[RICH/LEAN]j+Display of heated oxygen sensor 2 (rear)
signal:
RICH ... means the amount of oxygen after
three way catalyst is relatively small.
LEAN ... means the amount of oxygen after
three way catalyst is relatively large.+When the engine is stopped, a cer-
tain value is indicated.
VHCL SPEED SE
[km/h] or [mph]jj+The vehicle speed computed from the
vehicle speed sensor signal is displayed.
BATTERY VOLT [V]j+The power supply voltage of ECM is dis-
played.
THRTL POS SEN [V]jj+The throttle position sensor signal voltage is
displayed.
FUEL T/TMP SE
[ÉC] or [ÉF]*+The fuel temperature judged from the fuel
tank temperature sensor signal voltage is
displayed.
INT/A TEMP SE
[ÉC] or [ÉF]j+The intake air temperature determined by
the signal voltage of the intake air tempera-
ture sensor is indicated.
EGR TEMP SEN [V]*jj+The signal voltage of the EGR temperature
sensor is displayed.
START SIGNAL
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition from the
starter signal.+After starting the engine, [OFF] is
displayed regardless of the starter
signal.
CLSD THL POS
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates idle position [ON/OFF] computed
by ECM according to the throttle position
sensor signal.
CLSD THL/P SW
[ON/OFF]*j+Indicates mechanical contact [ON/OFF]
condition of the closed throttle position
switch.
AIR COND SIG
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition of the air con-
ditioner switch as determined by the air
conditioning signal.
P/N POSI SW
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition from the PNP
switch signal.
PW/ST SIGNAL
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition of the power
steering oil pressure switch determined by
the power steering oil pressure switch sig-
nal.
LOAD SIGNAL
[ON/OFF]jj+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition from the elec-
trical load signal and/or lighting switch.
ON ... rear defogger is operating and/or
lighting switch is on.
OFF ... rear defogger is not operating and
lighting switch is not on.
IGNITION SW
[ON/OFF]j+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition from ignition
switch.
HEATER FAN SW
[ON/OFF]j+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition from the
heater fan switch.
INJ PULSE-B1
[msec]j+Indicates the actual fuel injection pulse
width compensated by ECM according to
the input signals.+When the engine is stopped, a cer-
tain computed value is indicated.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-88

System ChartNJEC0611
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)
+Electronic control fuel injection pump
+Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)
+Engine coolant temperature sensor
+Accelerator position sensor
+Accelerator position switch
+Park/Neutral position (PNP) switch*
+Ignition switch
+Battery voltage
+Vehicle speed sensor
+Air conditioner switch
+Mass air flow sensor
+Stop lamp switchFuel injection controlElectronic control fuel injection
pump
Fuel injection timing controlElectronic control fuel injection
pump
Fuel cut controlElectronic control fuel injection
pump
Glow control system Glow relay & glow lamp
On board diagnostic system MI (On the instrument panel)
EGR volume control EGR volume control valve
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
*: If so equipped
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEMYD
System Chart
EC-609

Air Conditioning Cut Control
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0614Input/Output Signal ChartNJEC0614S01
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner ªONº signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Accelerator position sensor Accelerator valve opening angle
Vehicle speed sensor Vehicle speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
System DescriptionNJEC0614S02This system improves acceleration when the air conditioner is used.
When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, the air conditioner is turned off for a few seconds.
When engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high, the air conditioner is turned off. This continues
until the engine coolant temperature returns to normal.
Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed)
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0615Input/Output Signal ChartNJEC0615S01
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Vehicle speed sensor Vehicle speed
Fuel cut controlElectronic control fuel
injection pump Accelerator position switch Accelerator position
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC) Engine speed
If the engine speed is above 2,800 rpm with no load (for example, in neutral and engine speed over 2,800
rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm, then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under ªFuel Injection Control Systemº,
EC-610.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONYD
Air Conditioning Cut Control
EC-612

Removal and InstallationNJEM0102
JEM265G
PREPARATIVE WORKNJEM0102S01Remove the following parts.
+Engine coolant (drain)
Refer to LC-44, ªChanging Engine Coolantº.
+Air duct, air inlet pipe
+Water inlet pipe
+Catalytic converter
+Exhaust manifold cover
+Insulator
+A/T fluid charging pipe mounting bolt
+Each wiring and piping (disconnect/move)
JEM266G
EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND TURBOCHARGERNJEM0102S02RemovalNJEM0102S0201+Loosen exhaust manifold mounting nuts in the reverse order
specified in the figure.
+Rotate the exhaust manifold and turbocharger assembly so
that the rear side (EGR tube mounting side) faces upward. And
then pull out the assembly from between the engine and the
air conditioning piping.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to deform each turbocharger piping when pull-
ing out the assembly.
EXHAUST MANIFOLD, TURBOCHARGERYD
Removal and Installation
EM-112