engine NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Service Manual

Turnignition switch"ON".
(Do notstart engine.)

ON-BOARD
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION

Malfunction Indicatorlamp(Mil)(Cont'd)

HOW TOSWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODES

Diagnostic TestMode I- BULB CHECK
DiagnosticTestMode I
- MALFUNCTION WARNING
(Turn diagnostic testmode
selector onECM fullyclockwise.)
o,~yr;;~N

~-~

Data linkconnector forCONSULT
(Connect CHKandIGNterminals
with asuitable harness.)
•

Wait atleast 2seconds.
(Turn diagnostic testmode
selector fullycounterclockwise.)
O,~/~N

~-~

Data linkconnector forCONSULT
(Disconnect CHKandIGNterminals
with asuitable harness.)

DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE II ~
Q~

- SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS ON~
S art engine. Diagnostic
TestMode II
- OXYGEN SENSOR MONITOR*1
Wait atleast 2seconds.

1
*1:
Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael,
and Australia AfTmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andtsrael,
and Australia AfTmodels)

•
Switching themodes isnot possi-
ble when theengine isrunning.
• When ignition switchisturned off
during diagnosis, powertoECM
will drop afterapprox. 5second.
The diagnosis willautomatically
return toDiagnostic TestMode I.
• Turn backdiagnostic testmode
selector tothe fully counterclock-
wise position whenever vehicleis
in use.

~~Ol
W:jr

g2g~E;V

~~~;::
or

-~

Data linkconnector forCONSULT
(Disconnect CHKandIGNterminals
with asuitable harness.)

[gJ~~~~~~

~~r

0'
~!~~:V

-~

Data linkconnector forCONSULT
(Connect CHKandIGNterminals
with asuitable harness.)

EC-45

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION @KJ

Malfunction Indicatorlamp(Mil)(Cont'd)

DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE I-BULB CHECK

In this mode, theMALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPonthe instrument panelshould stayON.Ifitremains
OFF, check thebulb. Refer toEL section ("WARNING LAMPSANDCHIME") orsee EC-223.

DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE I-MALFUNCTION WARNING
MALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMP
ON
OFF Condition
Engine coolant temperature sensorcircuitmalfunction oroverheating isdetected, or
the ECM's CPUismalfunctioning.
No malfunction.

• These Diagnostic TroubleCodeNumbers areclarified inDiagnostic TestMode II(SELF-DIAGNOS-
TIC RESULTS).

DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE II-SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS

In this mode, adiagnostic troublecodeisindicated bythe number ofblinks ofthe MALFUNCTION INDI-
CATOR LAMPasshown below.

Example: Diagnostic troublecodeNo.12and No.43

ON
0.6
03

111-'1
0.6

II
0.3
OFF
j
~

~~ -I.
--.1
-4--1--

Q9 O~ 21 OB Q9

'--------v----' '--------v------~

Diagnostic troublecodeNo.12 DiagnostictroublecodeNo.43
2.1
Unit:second
AEC490
• SELF-DIAG RESULTS.
0

FAILURE DETECTED TIME
NATS MALFUNCTION
0

I
ERASE

II
PRINT

I

SEF288Q

Long
(0.6second) blinkingindicates thenumber often digits, andshort (0.3second) blinkingindicates
the number ofsingle digits. Forexample, themalfunction indicatorlampblinks 4times forabout 2.5
seconds (0.6secx4 times) andthen itblinks threetimes forabout 1second (0.3secx3 times). This
indicates theDTC "43" andrefers tothe malfunction ofthe throttle position sensor.
In this way, allthe detected malfunctions areclassified bytheir diagnostic troublecodenumbers. The
DTC "55" refers tono malfunction. (SeeDIAGNOSTIC TROUBLECODECHART, refertoEC-62.)

HOW TOERASE DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE II(Self-diagnostic results)

The diagnostic troublecodecanbeerased fromthebackup memory inthe ECM when thediagnostic
test mode ischanged fromDiagnostic TestMode IIto Diagnostic TestMode
I.
(Refer to"HOW TO
SWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODES" onprevious page.)

• Ifthe battery terminal isdisconnected, thediagnostic troublecodewillbelost from thebackup
memory within24hours.
• Becareful nottoerase thestored memory before
startin~
troublediagnoses.

• If
the MIL blinks or"NATS MALFUNCTION" isdisplayed on
"SELF-OIAG RESULTS"screen,perform self-diagnostic
results modewithCONSULT usingNATS program card
(NATS-E940). RefertoEL section.
• Confirm noself-diagnostic resultsofNATS isdisplayed
before touching "ERASE" in"SELF-DIAG RESULTS"mode
with CONSULT.
• When replacing ECM,initialisation ofNATS V2.0system and
registration ofall NATS V2.0ignition key10smust becar-
ried outwith CONSULT usingNATS program card(NATS-
E940).
Therefore, besure toreceive allkeys from vehicle owner.
Regarding theprocedures ofNATS initialisation andNATS
ignition key10registration, refertoCONSULT operation
manual, NATS V2.0.
EC-46

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
[QKJ

Malfunction Indicatorlamp(Mil)(Cont'd)

DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE II-OXYGEN SENSOR*1MONITOR

In this mode, theMALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPdisplays thecondition ofthe fuel mixture (leanor
rich) which ismonitored bythe oxygen sensor*1.

MALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPFuelmixture condition inthe exhaust gas
Airfuel ratio feedback controlcondition
ON Lean
OFF RichClosed
loopsystem
*2 Remains ONorOFF Anycondition
Openloopsystem
*2: Maintains conditions justbefore switching toopen loop.

To check theoxygen sensor*1 function,startengine inDiagnostic TestMode II.Then warm itup until
engine coolant temperature indicatorpointstomiddle ofgauge. •
Next runengine atabout 2,000rpmforabout 2minutes underno-load conditions. Makesurethatthe
MALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPcomes ONmore than5times within 10seconds withengine running
at 2,000 rpmunder no-load. .

*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
AfT
models)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
AfT
models)

EC-47

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION

for
CONSULT

E3==/

NISSAN
CONSULT
EE940
+

I !DiI
I

START

I
SUB
MODE

I

SEF253Q
~ SELECT~S_Y_S_T_EM
I

ENGINE----~

SEFS95K
~ SELECT DIAGMODE
lill

WORK SUPPORT
I

SELF-DIAG RESULTS
I

DATA MONITOR

I
ACTIVE TEST

I
ECM PART NUMBER

I
FUNCTION TEST
SEF136PCONSULT
CONSULT INSPECTION PROCEDURE

1. Turn offignition switch.
2. Connect "CONSULT" todata linkconnector forCONSULT.
(Data linkconnector forCONSULT islocated behindthefuse
box cover.)
3. Turn onignition switch.
4. Touch "START".

+:
Program card

AE930: ForAustralia
EE940: ExceptforAustralia
5. Touch "ENGINE".
6. Perform eachdiagnostic testmode according toeach ser-
vice procedure.

For further information, seetheCONSULT OperationManual.

EC-48

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
ECCS COMPONENT PARTS/CONTROL SYSTEMSAPPLICATION
DIAGNOSTICTESTMODE
Item WORKSELF-DI-
ACTIVEFUNC-
DATA
SUPPORT AGNOSTIC
MONITOR TION
TEST
RESULTS TEST

Camshaft positionsensor
X
X

Mass airflow sensor
X
X

Engine coolant temperature sensor
X
X X

Oxygen sensor'1
X
X X

Vehicle speedsensor
XX

Throttle positionsensor
XX
X X

Intake airtemperature sensor.'2
X
X

INPUT
Knock
sensor'3
X

Ignition switch(startsignal)
XX

I/)
Closed
throttle position
X
X

l-

ll:
Airconditioner switch
X

<

~

Park/Neutralpositionswitch
X
X

I-

Z

UJ
Powersteering oilpressure switch
XX

z

0
Electricalloadsignal
X

~

:E

0
Batteryvoltage
X

u

I/)
Injectors
XX
X

u
u
UJ
X(Ignition
Power transistor (Ignitiontiming) X X
XX
signal)
IACV-AAC valve X
XX
X
Valve timing control solenoid valve XX

X

OUTPUT
Air
conditioner relay
X

Fuel pump relay XX
XX
Cooling fan XX
X
EVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid
XX X
valve'4
EGR valve
&
EVAP canister purgecontrol
XX

X

solenoid valve'5
X: Applicable
'1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
'2: For Australia
'3: Except forAustralia
'4: GA16DE
MIT
models exceptforEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
'5: For Europe andIsrael andAustralia, andGA15DE
MIT
models

EC-49
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
FUNCTION
Diagnostictestmode
Function
A technician canadjust somedevices
Work support
fasterandmore accurately byfollowing
indications onCONSULT.
Self-diagnostic results Self-diagnostic
resultscanberead and
erased quickly.
Data monitor
Input/Outputdatainthe ECM canberead.
CONSUL Tdrives someactuators apart
Active test
fromtheECM's andalso shifts some
parameters inaspecified range.
ECM partnumbers ECMpartnumbers canberead.
Conducted byCONSULT insteadofatech-
Function test
niciantodetermine whethereachsystem
is "OK" or"NG".
WORK SUPPORT MODE
WORK ITEM
CONDITION USAGE
THRTL POSSENADJ
CHECKTHETHROTTLE POSITIONSENSORSIGNAL. Whenadjusting throttleposition
ADJUST iTTO THE SPECIFIED VALUEBYROTATING
sensorinitialposition
THE SENSOR BODYUNDER THEFOLLOWiNG CONDI-
TIONS .
• IGN SW"ON"
• ENG NOTRUNNING
• ACC PEDAL NOTPRESSED
IGNITION TIMINGADJ
•IGNITION TIMINGFEEDBACK CONTROLWILLBE Whenadjusting initialignition
HELD BYTOUCHING "START".AFTERDOINGSO,
timing
ADJUST IGNITION TIMINGWITHATIMING LIGHTBY
TURNING THECAMSHAFT POSITIONSENSOR.
IACV-AAC VALVEADJ SETENGINE SPEEDATTHE SPECIFIED VALUEUNDER

-

THE FOllOWING CONDITIONS.
• ENGINE WARMED UP
• NO-LOAD
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE •FUEL PUMP WillSTOP BYTOUCHING "START" Whenreleasing fuelpressure
DURING IDLING. fromfuelline
CRANK AFEW TIMES AFTER ENGINE STALLS.
EC-50

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (ConI'd)
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC MODE
Regarding itemsdetected in"SELF-DIAG RESULTS"mode,referto"Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC)
Chart" (RefertoEC-62.)
DATA MONITOR MODE

Monitored item ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
CMPS.RPM •Indicates theengine speedcomputed •Accuracy becomespoorifengine
(REF) [rpm]

00
from
theREF signal (180'signal) of
speeddropsbelow theidle rpm.
the camshaft positionsensor.
•Ifthe signal isinterrupted whilethe
engine isrunning, anabnormal value
may beindicated .
MAS AIR/FL SE[V]

0 0
•
The signal voltage ofthe mass air
•When theengine isstopped, acertain
flow sensor isdisplayed .
valueisindicated.
COOLAN TEMP/S
•The engine coolant temperature •When theengine coolant temperature
['C] or['F]

00
(determined
bythe signal voltage of
sensorisopen orshort-circuited,
the engine coolant temperature sen-ECMenters fail-safe mode.The
sor) isdisplayed.
enginecoolant temperature deter-
mined bythe ECM isdisplayed .
02 SENSOR [V]

00
•
The signal voltage ofthe oxygen sen-
sor*1 isdisplayed .
M/R F/CMNT •
Display ofoxygen sensorsignaldur-
•After turning ONthe ignition switch,
[RICH/LEAN] ingair-fuel ratiofeedback control: "RICH"isdisplayed untilair-fuel mix-
RICH ...means themixture became
tureratio feedback controlbegins.

0 0
"rich",
andcontrol isbeing affected •When theair-fuel ratiofeedback is
toward aleaner mixture.
clamped,thevalue justbefore the
LEAN ...means themixture became clampingisdisplayed continuously.
"lean", andcontrol isbeing affected
toward arich mixture .
VHCL SPEED SE

00
•
The vehicle speedcomputed fromthe
[km/h] or[mph] vehicle
speedsensor signalisdis-
played .
BATTERY VOLT[V]

0 0
•
The power supply voltage ofECM is
displayed .
THRTL POSSEN[V]

0 0
•
The throttle position sensorsignal
voltage isdisplayed.
INT/A TEMP SE['C] •The intake airtemperature deter-
or ['F]*2

0
mined
bythe signal voltage ofthe
intake airtemperature sensorisindi-
cated .
START SIGNAL

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe•After starting theengine, [OFF]isdis-
[ON/OFF] startersignal. playedregardless ofthe starter sig-
nal.
CLSD THLIPOSI •Indicates theclosed throttle position
[ON/OFF]

00
[ON/OFF]
determined bythe throttle
position sensorsignal.
ON: Closed throttle position
OFF: Other thanclosed throttle position
AIR COND SIG

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF] air
conditioner switchasdetermined
by the airconditioning signal.
PIN POSI SW

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe
[ON/OFF] park/neutralpositionswitchsignal.
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF]
00
power
steering oilpressure switch
determined bythe power steering oil
pressure signal.

NOTE:
Any monitored itemthatdoes notmatch thevehicle beingdiagnosed isdeleted fromthedisplay auto-
matically.

*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
*2: For Australia

EC-51
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Coni'd)

Monitored item
ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
LOAD SIGNAL •Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe
[ON/OFF] reardefogger signaland/or lighting
switch.

0 0
ON:
Rear defogger isoperating
and/or lighting switchison.
OFF: Rear defogger isnot operating
and lighting switchisnot on.
INJ PULSE [msec]

0
•
Indicates theactual fuelinjection
•When theengine isstopped, acertain
pulse widthcompensated byECM computedvalueisindicated.
according tothe input signals.
IGN TIMING [BTDC]

0
•
Indicates theignition timingcomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
IACV-AACIV
[%]

•Indicates theidle aircontrol valve

0
(AAC
valve) control valuecomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
A/F ALPHA
[%]

•Indicates themean valueofthe air-
•When theengine isstopped, acertain

0
fuel
ratio feedback correction factor valueisindicated.
per cycle. •This data alsoincludes thedata for
the air-fuel ratiolearning control.
AIR COND RLY

0
•
Indicates theairconditioner relay
[ON/OFF] controlcondition (determined byECM
according tothe input signal).
COOLING FAN*2
•Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
[ON/OFF] or[LOW/
coolingfans(determined byECM
HI/OFF]

0
according
tothe input signal).
ON ...Operating
LOW ...Operates atlow speed
HI ...Operates athigh speed
OFF ...Stopped
FUEL PUMP RLY

0
•
Indicates thefuel pump relaycontrol
[ON/OFF] conditiondetermined byECM accord-
ing tothe input signals.
VALVE TIMSOL*1
•The control condition ofthe valve tim-
[ON/OFF] ingsolenoid valve(determined by
ECM according tothe input signal) is
indicated.
ON ...VTC operating
OFF ...VTC notoperating
EGRC SOLIV (EVAP
•Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
canister purgecon-
EVAPcanister purgecontrol solenoid
trol solenoid valve valveorEGR valve
&
EVAP canister
or EGR
&
EVAP can- purgecontrol solenoid valve(deter-
ister purge control

0
mined
byECM according tothe input
solenoid valve) signal).
[ON/OFF] ON'"EVAP canister purgeoperation
cut-off OFF ...EVAP canister purgeoperation
not cut-off
VOLTAGE •Voltage measured bythe voltage
[V] probe.
PULSE •Pulse width, frequency orduty cycle •Only "#"isdisplayed ifitem is
[msec] or[Hz] or measuredbythe pulse probe. unable
tobe measured .

[%]
•
Figures with"#"s aretemporary
ones. Theyarethesame figures as
an actual pieceofdata which wasjust
previously measured.
*1: GA16DE exceptforEurope andIsrael
*2: GA16DE engineA/Tmodels forEurope without heavydutykithave a2- step control [ON/OFF] system."LOW"and"HI"
are shown onCONSULT screentorepresent "ON"condition.

EC-52

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
ACTIVE TESTMODE

TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENT
CHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
FUEL INJECTION trouble
condition If
trouble symptom disappears,
•Fuel injectors
• Change theamount offuel see
CHECK ITEM.
injection usingCONSULT . •
Oxygen sensor*1
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle
IACV-AACIV the
engine.
Enginespeedchanges according •Harness andconnector
OPENING •
Change theIACV-AAC valve
tothe opening percent. •
IACV-AAC valve
opening percentusingCON-
SULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
ENG COOLANT trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears, •
Engine coolant temperature
TEMP •
Change theengine coolant

.
see CHECK ITEM. sensor
temperature indicationusing
•Fuel injectors
CONSULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
trouble condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
IGNITION TIMING•
Timing light:Set •
Adjust initialignition timing
• Retard theignition timingusingsee
CHECK ITEM.
CONSULT .
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle •
Harness andconnector
the engine. •
Compression
POWER •
A/C switch "OFF"
Enginerunsrough ordies . •
Injectors
BALANCE •
Shift lever "N" •
Power transistor
• Cut offeach injector signalone •
Spark plugs
at atime using CONSULT. •
Ignition coils
• Ignition switch:ON
COOLING FAN*3•
Turn thecooling fan"ON" and
Cooling fanmoves andstops. •
Harness andconnector
"OFF", or"LOW" and"HI" •
Cooling fanmotor
and "OFF" usingCONSULT .
• Ignition switch:ON(Engine
FUEL PUMP stopped)
Fuelpump relaymakes theoper- •Harness andconnector
• Turn thefuel pump relay"ON"
RELAY and"OFF" usingCONSULT ating
sound. •
Fuel pump relay
and listen tooperating sound.
EGRC SOLENOID
VALVE (EVAP canister
•Ignition switch:ON
purge control
•Turn solenoid valve"ON" and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
solenoid valveor
EGR valve
&
"OFF"
withtheCONSULT andingsound. •
Solenoid valve
EVAP canister listen
tooperating sound.
purge control
solenoid valve)
•Ignition switch:ON
VALVE TIMING •
Turn solenoid valve"ON" and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
SOL*2 "OFF"
usingCONSULT anding
sound. •
Solenoid valve
listen tooperating sound.
SELF-LEARNING •
Inthis test, thecoefficient ofself-learning controlmixture ratioreturns tothe original coefficient by
CONT touching
"CLEAR" onthe screen.
*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
*2: GA16DE except forEurope andIsrael
*3: GA16DE engine A/Tmodels forEurope without heavydutykithave a2- step control [ON/OFF] system."LOW"and"HI"
are shown onCONSULT screentorepresent "ON"condition.

EC-53
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
FUNCTION TESTMODE

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION
ITEM JUDGEMENT
CHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Ignition switch:ON
SELF-DIAG (Enginestopped)
RESULTS
-

Objective
system
• Displays theresults ofon-
board diagnostic system.
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped)
Throttlevalve:opened OFF
•Throllle position sensor
• Closed throllle position is
•Throllie position sensor
CLOSED THROTTLE
testedwhenthrottle is
POSI openedandclosed fully. adjustment
(Closed throllieposition is •
Throttle linkage
selected bythrottle posi- Throttle
valve:closed
ON•
Verify operation inDATA
tion sensor.) MONITOR
mode.
• Ignition switch:ON •
Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped) •
Throttle position sensor
THROTTLE POSI•Throllle position sensor Range
(Throllle valvefully
Morethan •
Throllle position sensor
SEN CKT
circuitistested when opened
-Throllle valve
3.DV adjustment
throllie isopened and fully
closed) •Throllie linkage
closed fully. •
Verify operation inDATA
MONITOR mode.
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopoed) Out
ofNIP positions OFF
PARK/NEUT POSI
•Inhibitor/NelJlral position •
Neutral position switchor
SW CKT switchcircuit istested inhibitor
switch
when shiftlever ismanip-
InNIP positions ON•
Linkage orinhibitor switch
ulated . adjustment
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped)
•Fuel pump
FUEL PUMP •Fuel pump circuit istested
Thereispressure pulsation onthe fuel
•Fuel pump relay
CIRCUIT bychecking thepulsation feedhose.
in fuel pressure whenfuel •
Fuel filter clogging
tube ispinched . •
Fuel level
• Ignition switch:ON
EGRC SOllV (Engine
stopped)
•Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT (EVAPcan-•EVAP canister purgecon-
•EVAP canister purgecon-
ister purge control trolsolenoid valveorEGR
Thesolenoid valvemakes anoperating trolsolenoid valveorEGR
solenoid valveor
valve
&
EVAP canister
soundevery3seconds. valve

&
EVAP canister
EGR valve
&
EVAP purgecontrol solenoid
purgecontrol solenoid
canister purgecon- valvecircuit istested by
valve
trol solenoid valve) checkingsolenoidvalve
operating noise.
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine stopped) •
Harness andconnector
VALVE TIMING SIV•Valve timing SIVcircuit isThe
solenoid valvemakes anoperating •
Valve timing solenoid
CKT*1 testedbychecking sole-soundperiodically. valve
noid valve operating
sound
'1: GA16DE exceptforEurope andIsrael

EC-54