stop start NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Manual Online

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS~
Torque Converter ClutchSolenoid Valve(Cont'd)
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Throttle position sensor Throttle
valveopening angle
Engine coolant temperature sensorEnginecoolant temperature ECM
(ECCS
control
module) Torque
converter
clutch solenoid
valve
Vehicle speedsensor Vehicle
speed

The
AfT
lock-up iscontrolled bythe ECM through
the torque converter clutchsolenoid valve.When
the ECM detects anyofthe following conditions,
the ECM switches thetorque converter clutch
solenoid valveOFFtoaccomplish lock-upopera-
tion. While thevehicle isinconditions otherthan
below, thetorque converter clutchsolenoid valve
is always settoON, relea'sing thelock-up oper-
ation. •
Throttle position isopen .
• Engine coolant temperature is70°C (158°F) or
more .
• Vehicle speedis58 kmfh (36MPH) ormore.

~i3~

II
ECM
E[CONNECTORII
DIAGNOSTIC
PROCEDURE

INSPECTION START
115

OK

INSPECTION END
CHECK
COMPONENT
(Torque converter clutch
solenoid valve).
Refer to"Electrical Com-
ponents Inspection" in
AT section.

If
NG, replace torque
converter clutchsolenoid
valve.
Check thefollowing.
• Harness connectors

@,
• 10A fuse
• Harness foropen or
short between torque
converter clutchsole-
noid valve andfuse
If NG, repair harness or
connectors.

NG
OK
OK
@
CHECK
CONTROL FUNCTION.

1. Jack updrive wheels.
2. Start engine andwarm itup suffi-
ciently.
3. Shift selector leverto"0" position.
4. Check voltage between ECMterminal

GID
andground underthefollowing
conditions.
Voltage: Accelerator pedalIsdepressed
[Vehicle speedisabove
58 km/h (36MPH).]
Battery voltage
Accelerator pedalisfully
released
Approximately OV

CHECK POWER SUPPLY.

1. Stop engine.
2. Disconnect torqueconverter clutch
solenoid valveharness connector.
3. Turn ignition switch"ON".
4. Check voltage between terminal
@

and ground.
Voltage: Batteryvoltage

-

MEC785B
MEC279BA

Ef

CONNECTOR
II

115

II

ECM
~~
ID
cf8~-H
EC-368

SEM520DSEM515D TIMING
BELT
em

Camshaft TimingBelt(Cont'd)

4. Set NO.1 cylinder atTDC onitscompression stroke.(TDC
is indicated bycrankshaft pulleynotchwithout painted
mark.)
5. Remove startermotor,andinstall ringgear stopper using
mounting boltholes.
6. Remove crankpulley bolt.
7 .. Remove crankpulley usingpuller.

Be sure tosecurely attachpullerjaws.Attach jawsonlyto
the rear sideofpulley.

8. Remove lowerbeltcover.
9. Remove timingbelt.
(1) Loosen tensioner pulleybolt,turntensioner pulleycounter-
clockwise thentighten bolt.
(2) Remove camshaft sprocketplate.
(3) Remove idlerpulley.
(4) Remove timingbeltwith crankshaft sprocket.
(5) Remove tensioner pulleyandreturn spring.

EM-121
•

HOWTOREAD WIRING DIAGRAMS
Wiring Diagram Codes(CellCodes)

Use thechart below to'find outwhat each wiring diagram code•
stands for,

Code Section WiringDiagram Name
AACIV ECIACV-AAC
Valve
ABS BR
Anti-lock BrakeSystem
A/C HAManualAirConditioner
A/CCUT ECAir
Conditioner CutControl
A/T ATAutomatic Transmission
AIM ELHeadlamp System
AIRREG ECIACV-Air Regulator
AT/C ECA/TControl
AUDIO ELAudio
BACK/L ELBack-up Lamp
CHARGE ELCharging System
CHIME ELWarning Chime
CMPS EC
Camshaft PositionSensor
COOllF ECCooling
FanControl
DEF ELRearWindow Defogger
D/LOCK ELPowerDoorLock
DTRL ELHeadlamp
-With Daytime Light
System
ECTS ECEngine
Coolant Temperature
Sensor
EGR andcanister ControlSolenoid
EGRCIV EC
Valve
FCUT ECFuel
CutSolenoid Valve
F/FOG ELFront
FogLamp
FICO ECIACV-FICD
SolenoidValve
F/PUMP ECFuel
Pump
GLOW ECQuick-glow
system
H/LAMP ELHeadlamp
-Without Daytime
Light System
H/SEAT ELHeated
Seat
HEAT HA
Heater
HLC ELHeadlamp
Washer
H02S ECHeated
Oxygen Sensor
HORN ELHorn,
Cigarette Lighter,Clock
IATS ECIntake
AirTemperature Sensor
IGN/SG ECIgnition
Signal
ILL ELIllumination
INJECT ECInjector
INT/L ELInterior,
SpotandTrunk Room
Lamps Code
Section WiringDiagram Name
KS ECKnock
Sensor
LKUP ECTorque
Converter ClutchSolenoid
Valve
LOAD ECLoadSignal
MAFS ECMass
AirFlow Sensor
MAIN ECMain
Power Supply andGround
Circuit
METER ELSpeedometer,
Tachometer,Temp.
and Fuel Gauges
MIL ECMIL,
Data LinkConnector For
CONSULT
MIRROR ELDOOR
MIRROR
NATS ELNISSAN
ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
02S ECOXYGEN
SENSOR
EC EVAP
CANISTER PURGECON-
PGCIV TROLSOLENOID VALVE
PLA ECPARTIAL
LOADADVANCE CON-
TROL
EC PARK/NEUTRAL
POSITION
PNP/SW SWITCH
POWER ELPOWER
SUPPLY ROUTING
POWER STEERING OILPRESSURE
PST/SW EC
SWITCH
R/FOG ELREAR
FOGLAMP
SROOF ELSUN
ROOF
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINTSYS-
SRS RS
TEM
S/SIG ECST
ART SIGNAL
START ELSTARTING
SYSTEM
STOP/L ELSTOP
LAMP
TAllIL ELCLEARANCE,
LICENSE,ANDTAIL
LAMPS
TPS ECTHROTTLE
POSITIONSENSOR
TURN SIGNAL ANDHAZARD
TURN EL
WARNING LAMPS
VSS ECVEHICLE
SPEEDSENSOR
VTC ECVTC
SOLENOID VALVE
WARN ELWARNING
LAMPS
WINDOW ELPOWER
WINDOW
WIPER ELFRONT
WIPERANDWASHER
WIP/R ELREAR
WIPER ANDWASHER
GI-17

HOWTOFOLLOW FLOWCHART INTROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Key tosymbols signifying measurements orprocedures

Symbol Symbolexplanation
SymbolSymbolexplanation

DISCONNECT
Checkafterdisconnecting theconnec-

~
Current
shouldbemeasured withan

~8
tor
tobe measured.
ammeter.

CONNECT
Checkafterconnecting theconnector

00

E)

tobe measured. Procedure
withCONSULT

(lr~~
Insert
keyinto ignition switCh.

@
Procedure
withoutCONSULT

(lr ..~
Remove
keyfrom ignition switch.

~AIC

switch is"OFF".

~
Turn
ignition switchto"OFF" position.

~AIC

switch is"ON".

~
"

Fanswitch is"ON". (Atany position
Turn ignition switchto"ON" position.

@:;

exceptfor"OFF" position)

~ "

Turn ignition switchto"START" posi-

@'~
Fan
switch is"OFF".
tion.

~~
Turn
ignition switchfrom"OFF" to

~
Apply
positive voltagefrombattery
"ACC" position.
BA;

withfuse directly tocomponents.

~~r
Turn
ignition switchfrom"ACC" to

m-

~'~:
Drive
vehicle.
"OFF" position.

,.-=.
L

@J~ ..
~(e.-

OON
Turn
ignition switchfrom"OFF" to

~~
Disconnect
batterynegative cable.
"ON" position.
BAi

~F
Turn
ignition switchfrom"ON" to

~
Depress
brakepedal.
"OFF" position.

~
Do
not start engine, orcheck with

~
Release
brakepedal.
engine stopped.

ID
Start
engine, orcheck withengine run-

~

ning. Depress
accelerator pedal.

.
.

~
Apply
parking brake.

i!J
Release
accelerator pedal.

..

~
Release
parkingbrake.

~
Pin
terminal checkforSMJ typeECM
and
AIT
control unitconnectors

or

Cff~H
Check
afterengine iswarmed upsuffi-

~ For
details regarding theterminal

ciently.
B

arrangement,refertothe foldout page.

~io

~
Voltage
shouldbemeasured witha

lltlllliR~

t~~~18

voltmeter.

[YJ

lJ9j
.

-

Circuit resistance shouldbemeasured

lfJJ
with
anohmmeter.
~

GI-31
•

TROUBLEDIAGNOSES
Trouble Diagnoses forAbnormal Pressure
(Cont'd)

Correctiveaction
• Remove foreignparticles
by using compressed air.
• Check lubricant forcontam-
ination.
• Check andrepair malfunc-
tioning parts.
• Check lubricant forcontam-
ination.
Replace compressor.
• Drain water fromrefriger-
ant orreplace refrigerant.
• Replace liqUidtank.
Expansion
valvecloses alit-
tle compared withthespecifi-
cation.

1

Water ismixed withrefriger-
ant. Probable
cause

1

CD
Improper expansion valve
adjustment

@
Malfunctioning thermal
valve

@
Outlet andinlet maybe
clogged.
Low-pressure pipeisclogged
or crushed.
Compressor pressureopera-
tion isimproper.

1

Damaged insidecompressor
packings Refrigerant doesnotdis-
charge cyclically.

1

Moisture isfrozen atexpan-
sion valve outlet andinlet.
Refrigerant
cycle
There isabig temperature
difference betweenexpansion
valve inletandoutlet while
the valve itselfisfrosted.
An area ofthe low-pressure
pipe iscolder thanpreas
near theevaporator outlet.
• Air conditioning system
does notfunction anddoes
not cyclically coolthecom-
partment air.
• The system constantly func-
tions foracertain periodof
time after compressor is
stopped andrestarted.
Air
flow volume isnot

AC353A
enough oristoo low.
@ Gauge
indication
Both high- andlow-pressure
sides aretoolow.

l!]

Low-pressure sidesome-
times becomes negative.

Ii

AC354A
•

HA-29

TROUBLEDIAGNOSES
Control Linkage Adjustment (Cont'd)
TEMPERATURE CONTROLCABLE

1. For RHO models, movethetemperature controlknobtothe
full cold position.
For LHO models, movethetemperature controlknobtothe
full hotposition.
2. For RHO models, setthe airmix door lever inthe fullcold
position.
For LHO models, setthe airmix door lever inthe full hot
position.
3. Pull onthe cable cover inthe direction ofthe arrow, then
clamp it.

After positioning controlcable,checkthatitoperates properly.
INTAKE DOORMOTOR

1. Install intakedoormotor onintake unit.
Ensure thattheintake doormotor leverisfitted intotheslit
portion ofintake doorlink.
2. Connect theintake doormotor harness connector.
3. Turn ignition switchtoON.
4. Check thatintake dooroperates properlywhenRECswitch
is turned ONand OFF.

ZHA178A
RHA331F System
Description
INTAKE DOORMOTOR

The intake doormotor isinstalled onthe intake unit.Using a
link itopens andcloses theintake door.
When RECIRCULATION switchisON, theground lineofthe
motor isswitched fromterminal
@
to
@.
This starts themotor
because theposition switchcontacts builtintoitmake current •
flow. When RECIRCULATION switchisOFF, theground lineis •
switched fromterminal
@
to
@.
The contacts turnalong with
the motor. Whentheyreach thenon-current flowposition, the
motor willstop. Themotor always turnsinthe same direction.

LHD:

u:Eh!.IJ

RHD:
o::EhhJ

---I

I

~----j Intake door
molar
HA-65

SERVICEPROCEDURES

Maintenance ofLubricant Quantityin
Compressor

The lubricant inthe compressor circulatesthroughthesystem
with therefrigerant. Addlubricant tocompressor whenreplac-
ing any component orafter alarge gasleakage occurred. Itis
important tomaintain thespecified amount.
If lubricant quantityisnot maintained properly,thefollowing
malfunctions mayresult:
• Lack oflubricant: Maylead toaseized compressor
• Excessive lubricant:Inadequate cooling(thermal exchange
interference)

LUBRICANT

Name: Nissan
Ale
System OilType R
Part number:
KLHOO-PAGRO

CHECKING ANDADJUSTING

Adjust thelubricant quantityaccording tothe flowchart shown
below.

START
~

Can lubricant returnoperation beper- Yes
Perform lubricant returnoperation, proceeding asfollows:
formed?
-+

• AIC
system worksproperly. 1.Start engine, andsetthefollowing conditions:
• There isno evidence ofalarge amount •Test condition
of lubricant leakage. Engine
speed:Idlingto1,200 rpm
AlC orAUTO switch: ON
No Blowerspeed:Max.position
Temp. control: Optional [Setsothat Intake airtemperature is
25 to30°C (77to86°F).]
2. Next itemisfor V-5 orV-6 compressor. Connectthemanifold
gauge, andcheck thatthehigh pressure sidepressure is588 kPa
(5.9 bar, 6kg/cm
2,
85psi) orhigher,

If
less than thereference level,attach acover tothe front faceof

~
the
condenser toraise thepressure.
Should thecompressor bereplaced?
3.

Perform lubricant returnoperation forabout 10minutes.

4.
Stop engine.
No Yes
CAUTION:

If
excessive lubricantleakageisnoted, donot perform thelubricant
return operation.

@

(Go tonext page.)
Is there anypart tobe replaced? Yes
Afterreplacing anyof.the following majorcomponents, addthecor-
(Evaporator, condenser,liquidtankorin
-..

rectamount oflubricant tothe system.
case there isevidence ofalarge amount Amountoflubricant tobe added
of lubricant leakage.)

Lubricanttobe added to

No
Part
replaced system
Remarks
Amount oflubricant
mf (Imp IIoz)
Evaporator 75(2.6)

-

Condenser 75(2.6)
-

Liquid tank 5(0.2) Add
ifcompressor isnot
replaced. '1

Carry outthe
AIC
performance test.

~
In
case ofrefrigerant leak 30
(11) Largeleak

-
Small
leak'2

.

*1:Ifcompressor isreplaced. additionoflubricant isincluded inthe
flow chart.
*2: Ifrefrigerant leakissmall, noaddition oflubricant isneeded.

HA-68

ENGINEMAINTENANCE [][]

Checking CoolingSystem(Cont'd)

Pull thenegative-pressure valvetoopen it.Check thatitcloses
completely whenreleased.

CHECKING COOLINGSYSTEMFORLEAKS

Apply pressure tothe cooling systemwithcaptester tocheck
f~r leakage.
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar,1.6kg/cm
2,
23psi)

CAUTION:

Higher pressure thanthespecified valuemaycause damage to
radiator.

SMA811C
SMA803A
Checking
FuelLines

Inspect fuellines andtank forimproper attachment, leaks,
cracks, damage, looseconnections, chafingordeterioration.
If necessary, repairorreplace faultyparts.

3 (0.12) Unit:mm(in)

_._-- --,"'~'r---1

"
,

-
-
---;--,
-,---

•• J..
_J- __

28 (1.10)

~ Fuel hose clamps

1.0 -1.5 N.m
(0.10 -0.15 kg-m,
8.7 -13.0 in-Ib)

MMA104A
• FUEL PRESRELEASE.
0

FUEL PUMP WILLSTOP BY
TOUCHING STARTDURING
IDLE_
CRANK AFEW TIMES AFTER
ENGINE STALL.

---S-T~-RT--
SEF823KCAUTION:

Tighten high-pressure rubberhoseclamp sothat clamp endis
3 mm (0.12 in)from hose end.
Tightening torquespecifications arethesame forallrubber
hose clamps.
Ensure thatscrew doesnotcontact adjacent parts.

Changing FuelFilter

WARNING:
Before removing fuelfilter, release fuelpressure fromfuelline
to eliminate danger.

rF.i\
1.Start engine.
~ 2.Perform "FUELPRESSURE RELEASE"in"WORK
SUPPORT" modewithCONSULT.
3. After engine stalls,crankengine twoorthree times
to make surethatfuel pressure isreleased.
4. Turn ignition switchoff.

MA-32

ENGINEMAINTENANCE
Changing AirCleaner Filter

The viscous papertypeaircleaner filterdoes notrequire any
cleaning operation betweenrenewals.

Water Draining, FuelFilter Check and
Replacement
DRAINING WATER

Open drainvalve atthe bottom offuel filter.

FUEL FILTER CHECK

Check fuelfilter forfuel leakage, damageandother abnormal
signs.
•

SMA794C REPLACING FUELFILTER

1. Disconnect watersensor connector andreplace fuelfilter
with anew one.

Hand-tighten fuelfilter byabout 2/3turn after O-ring touches
mounting surface.Followtheinstructions onfuel filter.

2. Connect watersensor connector andbleed fuelsystem.

FUEL SYSTEM AIRBLEEDING

1. Move priming pumpupand down until
there issuddenly
more resistance inthe movement. Thenstopthisaction and
start theengine.

2. Ifengine doesnotoperate smoothly afterbeing started,
race ittwo orthree times.

When refilling empty-fueltank, bleed airout offuel system.
Changing EngineOil

WARNING:

• Becareful nottoburn yourself, asengine oilishot.
• Prolonged andrepeated contactwithused engine oilmay
cause skincancer; trytoavoid direct skincontact withused
oil. Ifskin contact ismade, washthoroughly withsoap or
hand cleaner assoon aspossible.

1. Warm upengine, andcheck foroilleakage fromengine
components.
2. Remove oildrain pluganddrain oil.

MA-41

SST491B
SST090B ON-VEHICLE
SERVICE
Bleeding Hydraulic System

1. Raise frontendofvehicle untilwheels areclear ofthe
ground.
2. Add fluid intooiltank tospecified level.Thenquickly turn
steering wheelfullytoright andleftand lightly touchsteer-
ing stoppers.
Repeat steering wheeloperation untilfluid level nolonger
decreases.
3. Start engine.
Repeat step2.above.
• Incomplete airbleeding willcause thefollowing tooccur.
When thishappens, bleedairagain.
a. Air bubbles inreservoir tank
b. Clicking noiseinoil pump
c. Excessive buzzinginoil pump
Fluid noise mayoccur inthe valve oroil pump. Thisiscommon
when thevehicle isstationary orwhile turning thesteering
wheel slowly. Thisdoes notaffect theperformance ordurabil-
ity ofthe system.

Checking SteeringWheelTurning Force(For
power steering)

1. Park vehicle onalevel, drysurface andsetparking brake.
2. Start engine.
3. Bring power steering fluiduptoadequate operating temper-
ature. [Make suretemperature offluid isapproximately 60
to 80°C (140to176°F).]

Tires needtobe inflated tonormal pressure.

4. Check steering wheelturning forcewhen steering wheel
has been turned 360°from theneutral position.

Steering wheelturning force: •
39 N(4 kg, 9Ib) orless

5.
If
steering wheelturning forceisout ofspecification, check
rack sliding force.
a. Disconnect steeringcolumnlowerjointandknuckle arms
from thegear.
b. Start andrunengine atidle tomake suresteering fluidhas
reached normaloperating temperature.
c. Pull tie-rod slowlytomove itfrom neutral position to
::l::
11.5
mm
(::l::
0.453 in)atspeed of3.5 mm (0.138 in)/s.Check that
rack sliding forceiswithin specification.

Average racksliding force:
152.0 -240.3 N(15.5 -24.5 kg,34.2 -54.0 Ib)
Maximum forcedeviation:
98 N(10 kg, 22Ib)

6.
If
rack sliding forceisnot within specification, overhaul
steering gearassembly.
7. Ifrack sliding forceisOK, inspect steering column.Referto
ST-13.

ST-7