stop start NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Workshop Manual

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
EVAP Canister PurgeControl Solenoid Valve
GA16DE MITmodels exceptforEurope, Israeland
Australia
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Camshaft positionsensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Mass airflow sensor
Throttle positionsensor
Ignition switch
Vehicle speedsensor Engine
speed
Engine coolant temperature
Amount ofintake air
Throttle position
Start signal
Vehicle speed ECM
(ECCS
control
module) EVAP
canister
purge control
solenoid valve

•

This system cutsandcontrols theport vacuum
applied tothe EVAP canister purgecontrol sole-
noid valve tosuit engine operating conditions.
This cut-and-control operationisaccomplished
through theECM. When theECM detects anyof
the following conditions, currentflowsthrough
the solenoid valveinthe EVAP canister purge
control solenoid valvecontrol vacuum line. This
causes theport vacuum tobe discharged
into theatmosphere sothat theEVAP canister
purge lineremains closed.
• Engine starting
• Closed throttle position
• Low andhigh engine coolant temperature
• During deceleration
• Engine stopped
• Vehicle speed:below10km/h (6MPH)
• Mass airflow sensor malfunction

W>
Vacuum
signal
SEF240PG COMPONENT
DESCRIPTION

The EVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid valveresponds to
signals fromtheECM. When theECM sends anON (ground)
signal, thecoil inthe solenoid valveisenergized. Aplunger will
then move tocut the vacuum signal(fromtheintake manifc,ld
to the EVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid valve).
When theECM sends anOFF signal, thevacuum signalpasses
through thesolenoid valve.Thesignal thenreaches theEVAP
canister purgecontrol solenoid valve.

EC-179

•

INSPECTION
START

m
CHECK VACUUM SOURCETOEVAP OK
CHECK COMPONENT
CANISTER.
L---.

(EVAPcanister).
1. Jack updrive wheels. (See
page EC-29.)
2. Start engine andwarm itup suffi- If
NG, replace EVAPcan-
ciently. ister.
3. Perform diagnostic testmode II(Self-
diagnostic results).Makesurethat
9iagnostic troublecodeNo.55isdis-
played.
4. Disconnect vacuumhosetoEVAP
canister.
5. Set shift lever to1st position.
6. Make surethatvacuum existsunder
the following conditions.

At Idle:
Vacuum shouldnotexist.
Racing enginefromIdleto3,000 rpm:
Vacuum shouldexist.

NG

Ii)
[!J

CHECK CONTROL FUNCTION. OK
Check vacuum hosefor
1. Check voltage between ECMterminal
--..

clogging, cracksor

@
andground withCONSULTor improperconnection.
tester underthefollowing conditions.

Voltage: At idle
Approximately OV
Engine speedisabout 2,000rpm
Battery voltage

NG

I!l
CHECK POWER SUPPLY. NG
Check thefollowing.
1. Stop engine.
I-----.

•Harness connectors
2. Disconnect EVAPcanister purgecon-
QD,@

trol solenoid valveharness connector. •10A fuse
3. Turn ignition switch"ON". •
Harness foropen or
4. Check voltage between terminal
@
short
between EVAP
and ground withCONSULTor tester. canister
purgecontrol

Voltage: Batteryvoltage
solenoid
valveandfuse

r
K If
NG, repair harness or
connectors.

SEF816F
SEF488Q
MEC325B
MEC296BB
Clogging TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
[ill

EVAP Canister PurgeControl Solenoid Valve
(Cont'd)
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE
~i5
ECM
B
CONNECTOR
II
'f
~VV1

~ Crack

~i5
~

=:5---

~ Improperconnection

@
EC-181

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
EGR Valve andEVAP Canister PurgeControl
Solenoid Valve
For Europe, IsraelandAustralia, andGA15DE MIT
models
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Camshaft positionsensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Mass airflow sensor
Throttle position sensor
Ignition switch
Vehicle speedsensor Engine
speed
Engine coolant temperature
Amount ofintake air
Throttle position
Start signal
Vehicle speed ECM
(ECCS
control module) EGR
valve
&

EVAP canister
purge control
solenoid valve

•

This system cutsandcontrols theport vacuum
applied tothe EGR valve andEVAP canister
purge control solenoid valvetosuit engine oper-
ating conditions.
This cut-and-control operationisaccomplished
through theECM. When theECM detects anyof
the following conditions, currentflowsthrough
the solenoid valveinthe EGR valve andEVAP
canister purgecontrol solenoid valvecontrol vac-
uum line. This
causes theport vacuum tobe discharged
into theatmosphere sothat theEGR valve and
EVAP canister purgelineremains closed.
• Engine starting
• Closed throttle position
• Low andhigh engine coolant temperature
• During deceleration
• Engine stopped
• Vehicle speed:below10km/h (6MPH)
• Mass airflow sensor malfunction

SEF783K

l#
Intake
manifold
vacuum signal
SEF240PF COMPONENT
DESCRIPTION
Exhaust gasrecirculation (EGR)valve

The EGR valve controls theamount ofexhaust gasrouted tothe
intake manifold. Vacuumisapplied tothe EGR valve in
response tothrottle valveopening. Thevacuum controls the
movement ofataper valve connected tothe vacuum diaphragm
in the EGR valve.

EGR valve andEVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid
valve

The EGR valve andEVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid valve
responds tosignals fromtheECM. When theECM sends anON
(ground) signal,thecoil inthe solenoid valveisenergized. A
plunger willthen move tocut the vacuum signal(fromthethrot-
tle body tothe EGR valve andEVAP canister purgevalve).
When theECM sends anOFF signal, thevacuum signalpasses
through thesolenoid valve.Thesignal thenreaches theEGR
valve andEVAP canister.

EC-183

2:
1

:>
Q)

Ol

~

0
>

::;
c.

::;

0
,,"--

0
-

Rich- Idealratio _
Lean
Mixlure ratio
SEF288D
•

Zirconia
tube SEF406H
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Heated Oxygen Sensor(H02S)(Cont'd)

The heated oxygen sensorisplaced intotheexhaust manifold.
It detects theamount ofoxygen inthe exhaust gascompared
to the outside air.The heated oxygen sensorhasaclosed-end
tube made ofceramic zirconia. Thezirconia generates voltage
from approximately 1Vinricher conditions to
av
inleaner con-
ditions. Theheated oxygen sensorsignalissent tothe ECM.
The ECM adjusts theinjection pulseduration toachieve the
ideal air-fuel ratio.Theideal air-fuel ratiooccurs neartherad-
ical change from1Vto
av.

L
Healerpad
Isolalion
bearing

m
•MIXTURE RATIOTEST.
ACCELERATE TO2000
RPM AND HOLD THEN
TOUCH START

I£J

1800
20002200

~J

NEXT

II
START

SEF815L

m
*
MONITOR
*

NO FAIL

D

CMPS.RPM (REF)2000rpm
MIR FICMNT RICH
DIAGNOSTIC
PROCEDURE
RECORD
\ I/

........ e",/

- CHECK-

",/
........

/ I\
I

SEF522Q
INSPECTION
START
CHECK OXYGEN SENSORCIRCUIT.
1) Start engine andwarm itup suffi-
ciently.

(F.i\
2)Perform "MIXTURE RATIO
~ TEST"in"FUNCTION TEST"
mode withCONSULT.

OR

(F.i\
2)Make surethat"M/R
FIC

~ MNT"in"DATA MONITOR"
mode indicates "RICH"and
"LEAN" periodically more
than 5times during 10 sec-
onds at2,000 rpm.

OR

fti>\
2)Stop engine andsetECM
~ Diagnostic TestMode
/I

(Heated oxygensensormoni-
tor).
3) Restart engineandrunitat
about 2,000rpmforabout 2
minutes underno-load.
4) Keep engine speedat2,000
rpm andmake surethatthe
malfunction indicatorlampon
the instrument panelgoeson
and offmore than5times dur-
ing 10seconds.

NG

@
OK

INSPECTION END

Malfunction indicator
lamp SEF051PA
EC-191

I;)
1

CHECK INPUTSIGNAL CIRCUIT. NG
Repair harness orcon-
1. Stop engine.
--.

nectors.
2. Disconnect ECMharness connector
and heated oxygen sensorharness
connector.
3. Check harness continuity between
ECM terminal
@
or
@
and terminal

@.

Continuity shouldexist.
If OK, check harness forshort.

1
0K
CHECK HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR OK
Goto"CHECK
HEATER CIRCUIT.
--.

COMPONENT".
1. Reconnect harnessconnectors.
2. Start engine.
3. Check voltage between ECMterminal

@
(ForEurope andIsrael) or
@

(For Australia AfTmodels) and
ground withCONSULTor tester
under thefollowing conditions.
Voltage:
Engine speedisbelow 3,200rpm
Approximately OV
Engine speedisabove 3,200rpm
Battery voltage
NG

[!J

CHECK POWER SUPPLY. NG
Check thefollowing.
1. Stop engine.
~

•Harness connectors
2. Disconnect heatedoxygen sensor

aD,@

harness connector. •10A fuse
3. Turn ignition switch"ON".
•Harness foropen or
4. Check voltage between terminal
@
shortbetween heated
and ground. oxygensensorand
Voltage: Batteryvoltage fuse
If NG, repair harness or
OK connectors.
CHECK OUTPUT SIGNALCIRCUIT. NG
Repair harness orcon-
1. Turn ignition switch"OFF".
-----...

nectors.
2. Disconnect ECMharness connector.
3, Check harness continuity between
terminal
G)
and ECM terminal
@

(For Europe andIsrael) orGill (For
Australia
AfT
models) .
Continuity shouldexist.
If OK, check harness forshort.

t
OK

SEF180R
SEF646P
SEF181R

~i5

cilltD

@:
ForAustralia NTmodels

@:
ForEurope andIsrael

TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Heated Oxygen Sensor(H02S) (Cont'd)
@
~
~

I;) ~i5

Il
ECM
'QcoNNECTORII

46 19

For Europe andIsrael, andGA15DE.L.J
engine models
Engineground
@,
@

----- \
~ ~
'1

\
.~

,~\ C/

Power steering",
fluid reservoir __\ ~

W~
:'C"",,

EC-192

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Oxygen Sensor(02S)(Cont'd)

The 028 isplaced intotheexhaust manifold. Itdetects the
amount ofoxygen inthe exhaust gascompared tothe outside
air. The sensor hasaclosed-end tubemade ofceramic zirco-
nia. The zirconia generates voltagefromapproximately 1Vin
richer conditions toOV inleaner conditions. Thesensor signal
is sent tothe ECM. TheECM adjusts theinjection pulsedura-
tion toachieve theideal air-fuel ratio.Theideal air-fuel ratio
occurs neartheradical change from1VtoOV.

r

Connector
Isolation bushing
Contact plate
Oxygen
sensor
Louver
Zirconia tube
Holder AEC854

,'--

~

:>
Q)

OJ

.!!1

~ '5
0-

'5

o

o

Rich --- Idealratio
Mixture ratio_
Lean
SEF288D

m
•MIXTURE RATIOTEST.
ACCELERATE TO2CXXJ
RPM AND HOLD THEN
TOUCH START
~
1800 2CXXJ2200

~J

NEXT

II
START

SEF815L

m
1;{MONITOR 1;{NO FAIL
D
CMPS.RPM (REF)
2000rpm
MIR FICMNT RICH
RECORD \ I/

'~/'

- CHECK-

/
"-

I
I\
I

SEF522Q DIAGNOSTIC
PROCEDURE
INSPECTION START
CHECK OXYGEN SENSORCIRCUIT.
1. Start engine andwarm itup suffi-
ciently.

(F.i\
2.Perform "MIXTURE RATIO
~ TEST"in"FUNCTION TEST"
mode withCONSULT.

OR

(F.i\
2.Make surethat"M/R FIC

\..!!J
MNT"in"DATA MONITOR"
mode indicates "RICH"and
"LEAN" periodically more
than 5times during 10sec-
onds at2,000 rpm.

OR

~ 2.Stop engine and'set ECM
~ Diagnostic TestMode II(Oxy-
gen sensor monitor).
3. Restart engineandrunitat
about 2,000rpmforabout 2
minutes underno-load.
4. Keep engine speedat2,000
rpm andmake surethatthe
malfunction indicatorlampon
the instrument panelgoeson
and offmore than5times dur-
ing 10seconds.
NG

@
OK
INSPECTION END
Malfunction indicator
lamp SEF051PA
EC-196

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Valve Timing Control (VTC)(Cant'd)
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE

INSPECTION START

m
CHECK OVERALL FUNCTION.

~
INSPECTION
END

00
1.
Start engine andrunitat idle.
2. Perform "VALVETIMING
SOL" in"ACTIVE TEST"
mode withCONSULT and
make surethatimproper idle
condition occurs.
OR

00
1.
Connect asuitable jumper
wire between ECMterminal

@
or
@
andbody ground.
2. Start engine andmake sure
that improper idlecondition
occurs.
NG

iii
CHECK ELECTRICAL CONTROLFUNC-OK
CHECK COMPONENTS
TION.
-+

(VTCsolenoid valveand
1. Stop engine. VTC
valve).
2. Jack updrive wheels. Refer
to"COMPONENT
3. Start engine andwarm itup suffi- INSPECTION"
onnext
ciently. page.
4. Shift gearto1st position.
NG
5. Check voltage between ECMterminal

@
or
@
andground underthe
following conditions.

Voltage: Racing engine quickly fromidleto
4,000 rpm
Approximately OV

Replacemalfunctioning

At idle

component(s).

Battery voltage

NG
.

[!J

CHECK POWER SUPPLY. NG
Check thefollowing.
1. Stop engine.
~

•Harness connectors
2. Disconnect VTCsolenoid valvehar- QD,@or@,
ness connector.
@

3. Turn ignition switch"ON". •
10A fuse
4. Check voltage between terminal
@
•
Harness foropen or
and ground. short
between VTC

Voltage: Batteryvoltage
solenoid
valveandfuse
OK If
NG, repair harness or
connectors.

SEF185R
SEF507Q
SEF184R

M/T @@
~r5 ~
~£)

II
ECM
~CONNECTORII

12 114

~
ON
II
ON/OFF
IEDI
SEF523Q

•
ACTIVE TEST.
0

VALVE TIMING SOL
OFF

==========
MONITOR
==========

CMPS.RPM (REF)800rpm
AAC VALVE 16%

@):
ForAustralia

@:
Except forAustralia

@):

ForAustralia
12 :Except forAustralia

~i)~ID~

II
ECM
NCONNECTORII

A~fl "'"

~
EC-202

Referto"TROUBLE
DIAGNOSES" inHA sec-
tion.
Check thefollowing.
• Harness connectors

QD,@

• Harness connectors

@,@

• Harness foropen or
short between IACV-
AAC valve orIACV-
FICO solenoid valve
harness connector and
air conditioner relay
If NG, repair harness or
connectors.
O~L.-
__I_N_S_P_E_CT_I_O_N_E_N_D __
NG
NG
NG
INSPECTION
START
DIAGNOSTIC
PROCEDURE
Check ifair conditioner compressor
functions normally.
OK
OK
CHECK
POWER SUPPLY.
1. Turn airconditioner switch"OFF"
and stop engine.
2. Disconnect IACV-AACvalveorIACV-
FICO solenoid valveharness connec-
tor.
3. Restart engine, thenturnaircondi-
tioner switch andblower fanswitch

"ON".

4. Check voltage between terminal
(1)

and ground withCONSULTor tester.
Voltage: Batteryvoltage
SEF187R
MEC289BA
MEF634E
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
IACV-FICD SolenoidValve(Cont'd)
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

When theairconditioner ison, the IACV-FICD solenoidvalve
supplies additional airtoadjust tothe increased load.

~n

* 1: For Europe andIsrael ~
t

* 2: Except forEurope andIsrael
GA14DE,
GA16DEforEurope an
Israel
~'IACV_FIICI~'~O~~'d~

(\ ~valve harness~
~ connector

/

GA
6DE except forEurope andIsrael

'""k,
mM,o"l \

~m

[' ~.CHECKOVERALL FUNCTION.
1. Start engine andwarm itup suffi-
{ iAcv-AAC valve(with / ciently.
IACV-FICD solenoidvalve)
harness connector MEC286BA 2.Check idlespeed.
Refer toEC-36.
If NG, adjust idlespeed.
3. Turn airconditioner switchand
blower fanswitch "ON".
4. Recheck idlespeed.
900 rpm ormore (AITin
"N"
posi-
tion)
EC-208

ENGINEANDEMISSION BASICCONTROL SYSTEMDESCRIPTION [][]
Multiport FuelInjection (MFI)System (Cont'd)
CLOSED LOOP MIXTURERATIOFEEDBACK CONTROL(CLOSEDLOOP
CONTROL CONTROL)

The mixture ratiofeedback systemprovides thebest air-fuel

Feedback signal
mixtureratiofordriveability andemission control.Thethree
way catalyst canthen better reduce CO,HCand NOx emissions.
This system usesaheated oxygen sensorinthe exhaust man-
ifold tomonitor ifthe engine operation isrich orlean. TheECM
adjusts theinjection pulsewidthaccording tothe sensor volt-
age signal. Formore information abouttheheated oxygen
sensor, refertoEC-362. Thismaintains themixture ratiowithin

MEF025DD
therange ofstoichiometric (idealair-fuel mixture).
This stage isreferred toas the closed loopcontrol condition.

OPEN LOOPCONTROL

The open loopsystem condition referstowhen theECM detects
any ofthe following conditions. Feedbackcontrolstopsinorder
to maintain stabilized fuelcombustion.
• Deceleration andacceleration
• High-load, high-speed operation
• Engine idling
• Malfunction ofheated oxygen sensororits circuit
• Insufficient activationofheated oxygen sensoratlow
engine coolant temperature
• High-engine coolanttemperature
• After shifting from"N"to"0"
• During warm-up
• When starting theengine

MIXTURE RATIOSELF-LEARNING CONTROL

The mixture ratiofeedback controlsystem monitors themixture
ratio signal transmitted fromtheheated oxygen sensor. This
feedback signalisthen senttothe ECM. TheECM controls the
basic mixture ratioasclose tothe theoretical mixtureratioas
possible. However, thebasic mixture ratioisnot necessarily con-
trolled asoriginally designed. Bothmanufacturing differences
(Le., mass airflow sensor hotwire) andcharacteristic changes
during operation (Le.,injector clogging) directlyaffectmixture
ratio.
Accordingly, thedifference betweenthebasic andtheoretical
mixture ratiosismonitored inthis system. Thisisthen com-
puted interms of"injection pulseduration" toautomatically
compensate forthe difference betweenthetwo ratios.

EC-234

~U5e
box
~~~

~11~1-
Datalinkconnector ~"

for CONSULT
t=====/
• FUEL PRESRELEASE. D
FUEL PUMP WillSTOP BY
TOUCHING STARTDURING
IDLE.
CRANK AFEW TIMES AFTER
ENGINE STALL

---S-T~-RT--
BASIC
SERVICE PROCEDURE
Fuel Pressure Release
Before disconnecting fuelline, release fuelpressure fromfuel
line toeliminate danger.

~ 1.Turn ignition switch"ON".

\J!I}
2.Perform "FUELPRESSURE RELEASE"in"WORK
SUPPORT" modewithCONSULT.
3. Start engine.
4. After engine stalls,crankittwo orthree times to
release allfuel pressure.
5. Turn ignition switch"OFF".

•

@ ~:

3.
SEF823K
SEF921P
SEF034K
Remove
fuseforfuel pump.
Start engine.
After engine stalls,crank
it
two orthree times to
release allfuel pressure.
4. Turn ignition switchoffand reconnect fuelpump
fuse.

Fuel Pressure Check
• When reconnecting fuelline, always usenew clamps.
• Make surethatclamp screwdoesnotcontact adjacent
parts.
• Use atorque drivertotighten clamps.
• Use Pressure Gaugetocheck fuelpressure.
• Donot perform fuelpressure checkwithsystem operating.
Fuel pressure gaugemayindicate falsereadings.

1. Release fuelpressure tozero.
2. Disconnect fuelhose between fuelfilter andfuel tube
(engine side).
3. Install pressure gaugebetween fuelfilter andfuel tube.
4. Start engine andcheck forfuel leakage.
5. Read theindication offuel pressure gauge.

At idling:
With vacuum hoseconnected
Approximately 235kPa (2.35 bar,2.4kg/cm
2,
34psi)
With vacuum hosedisconnected
Approximately 294kPa (2.94 bar,3.0kg/cm
2,
43psi)
If
results areunsatisfactory, performFuelPressure Regula-
tor Check.

EC-241