Engine Control NISSAN ALMERA N16 2003 Electronic Workshop Manual

EC-58
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
PFP:00004
Trouble Diagnosis IntroductionEBS00K3L
INTRODUCTION
The engine has an ECM to control major systems such as fuel con-
trol, ignition control, idle air control system, etc. The ECM accepts
input signals from sensors and instantly drives actuators. It is essen-
tial that both input and output signals are proper and stable. At the
same time, it is important that there are no malfunctions such as vac-
uum leaks, fouled spark plugs, or other malfunctions with the engine.
It is much more difficult to diagnose a incident that occurs intermit-
tently rather than continuously. Most intermittent incidents are
caused by poor electric connections or improper wiring. In this case,
careful checking of suspected circuits may help prevent the replace-
ment of good parts.
A visual check only may not find the cause of the incidents. A road
test with CONSULT-II (or GST) or a circuit tester connected should
be performed. Follow the “Work Flow” on EC-59
.
Before undertaking actual checks, take a few minutes to talk with a
customer who approaches with a driveability complaint. The cus-
tomer can supply good information about such incidents, especially
intermittent ones. Find out what symptoms are present and under
what conditions they occur. A “Diagnostic Worksheet” like the exam-
ple on EC-62
should be used.
Start your diagnosis by looking for “conventional” malfunctions first.
This will help troubleshoot driveability malfunctions on an electroni-
cally controlled engine vehicle.
MEF036D
SEF233G
SEF234G

EC-60
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Description for Work Flow
STEP DESCRIPTION
STEP IGet detailed information about the conditions and the environment when the incident/symptom occurred using the
“DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET”, EC-61
.
STEP IIBefore confirming the concern, check and write down (print out using CONSULT-II or GST) the (1st trip) DTC and the
(1st trip) freeze frame data, then erase the DTC and the data. (Refer toEC-48, "
HOW TO ERASE EMISSION-
RELATED DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION" .) The (1st trip) DTC and the (1st trip) freeze frame data can be used when
duplicating the incident at STEP III & IV.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-109, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
Study the relationship between the cause, specified by (1st trip) DTC, and the symptom described by the customer.
(The “Symptom Matrix Chart” will be useful. See EC-70
.)
Also check related service bulletins for information.
STEP IIITry to confirm the symptom and under what conditions the incident occurs.
The “DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET” and the freeze frame data are useful to verify the incident. Connect CONSULT-II
to the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG) mode and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-109, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
If the malfunction code is detected, skip STEP IV and perform STEP V.
STEP IVTry to detect the (1st trip) DTC by driving in (or performing) the “DTC Confirmation Procedure”. Check and read the
(1st trip) DTC and (1st trip) freeze frame data by using CONSULT-II or GST.
During the (1st trip) DTC verification, be sure to connect CONSULT-II to the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG)
mode and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-109, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
In case the “DTC Confirmation Procedure” is not available, perform the “Overall Function Check” instead. The (1st
trip) DTC cannot be displayed by this check, however, this simplified “check” is an effective alternative.
The “NG” result of the “Overall Function Check” is the same as the (1st trip) DTC detection.
STEP VTake the appropriate action based on the results of STEP I through IV.
If the malfunction code is indicated, proceed to TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR DTC PXXXX.
If the normal code is indicated, proceed to the BASIC INSPECTION. (Refer to EC-65
.) If COSULT-II is available, per-
form “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode with CONSULT-II and proceed to the “TOROUBLE DIAGNOSIS – SPECIFI-
CATION VALUE”. (Refer to EC-105
.) (If malfunction is detected, proceed to “PERAIR/REPLACE”.) Then perform
inspections according to the Symptom Matrix Chart. (Refer to EC-70
.)
STEP VIIdentify where to begin diagnosis based on the relationship study between symptom and possible causes. Inspect the
system for mechanical binding, loose connectors or wiring damage using (tracing) “Harness Layouts”.
Gently shake the related connectors, components or wiring harness with CONSULT-II set in “DATA MONITOR
(AUTO TRIG)” mode.
Check the voltage of the related ECM terminals or monitor the output data from the related sensors with CONSULT-II.
Refer to EC-80
, EC-99 .
The “Diagnostic Procedure” in EC section contains a description based on open circuit inspection. A short circuit
inspection is also required for the circuit check in the Diagnostic Procedure. For details, refer to “Circuit Inspection” in
GI-22.
Repair or replace the malfunction parts.
If malfunctioning part cannot be detected, perform EC-109, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCI-
DENT" .
STEP VIIOnce you have repaired the circuit or replaced a component, you need to run the engine in the same conditions and
circumstances which resulted in the customer's initial complaint.
Perform the “DTC Confirmation Procedure” and confirm the normal code [DTC No. P0000] is detected. If the incident
is still detected in the final check, perform STEP VI by using a method different from the previous one.
Before returning the vehicle to the customer, be sure to erase the unnecessary (already fixed) (1st trip) DTC in ECM
and TCM (Transmission control module). (Refer toEC-48, "
HOW TO ERASE EMISSION-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC
INFORMATION" and AT- 3 9 , "HOW TO ERASE DTC" .)

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-63
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EC
Fail-safe ChartEBS00K3N
●When the DTC listed below is detected, the ECM enters fail-safe mode and the MI lights up.
Priority Detected items (DTC)
1
●U1000 U1001 CAN communication line
●P0102 P0103 Mass air flow sensor
●P0112 P0113 Intake air temperature sensor
●P0117 P0118 Engine coolant temperature sensor
●P0221 P0222 P0223 P1223 P1224 P1225 P1226 P1229 Throttle position sensor
●P0226 P0227 P0228 P1227 P1228 Accelerator pedal position sensor
●P0327 P0328 Knock sensor
●P0335 Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
●P0340 Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
●P0500 Vehicle speed sensor
●P0705 Park/Neutral position (PNP) switch
●P0605 ECM
●P1610-P1615 NATS
●P1706 Park/Neutral position (PNP) switch
2
●P0031 P0032 Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater
●P0037 P0038 Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater
●P0132 P0133 P0134 P1143 P1144 Heated oxygen sensor 1
●P0138 P0139 P1146 P1147 Heated oxygen sensor 2
●P0550 Power steering pressure sensor
●P0710-P0725 P0740-P0755 P1705 P1760 A/T related sensors and solenoid valves
●P1065 ECM power supply
●P 1111 I n ta k e v a l v e t i m i n g c o n t r o l s o l e n o i d v a l v e
●P1122 Electric throttle control function
●P1124 P1126 P1128 Electric throttle control actuator
●P1805 Brake switch
3
●P0011 Intake valve timing control
●P0171 P0172 Fuel injection system function
●P0300 - P0304 Misfire
●P0420 Three way catalyst function
●P0444 EVAP canister purge volume control solenoid valve
●P0731-P0734 A/T function
●P1121 Electric throttle control actuator
●P1217 Engine over temperature (OVERHEAT)
DTC No. Detected items Engine operating condition in fail-safe mode
P0102
P0103Mass air flow sensor circuit Engine speed will not rise more than 2,400 rpm due to the fuel cut.

EC-64
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
●When there is an open circuit on MI circuit, the ECM cannot warn the driver by lighting MI up when there
is malfunction on engine control system.
Therefore, when electrical controlled throttle and part of ECM related diagnoses are continuously detected
as NG for 5 trips, ECM warns the driver that engine control system malfunctions and MI circuit is open by
means of operating fail-safe function.
The fail-safe function also operates when above diagnoses except MI circuit and demands the driver to
repair the trouble.
P0117
P0118Engine coolant tempera-
ture sensor circuitEngine coolant temperature will be determined by ECM based on the time after turning
ignition switch “ON” or “START”.
CONSULT-II displays the engine coolant temperature decided by ECM.
ConditionEngine coolant temperature decided (CONSULT-
II display)
Just as ignition switch is turned
ON or Start40°C (104°F)
More than approx. 4 minutes after
ignition ON or Start80°C (176°F)
Except as shown above40 - 80°C (104 - 176°F)
(Depends on the time)
When the fail-safe system for engine coolant temperature sensor is activated, the cool-
ing fan operates while engine is running.
P0221
P0222
P0223
P1223
P1224Throttle position sensor The ECM controls the electric throttle control actuator in regulating the throttle opening
in order for the idle position to be within +10 degrees.
The ECM regulates the opening speed of the throttle valve to be slower than the nor-
mal condition.
So, the acceleration will be poor.
P0226
P0227
P0228
P1227
P1228Accelerator pedal position
sensorThe ECM controls the electric throttle control actuator in regulating the throttle opening
in order for the idle position to be within +10 degrees.
The ECM regulates the opening speed of the throttle valve to be slower than the nor-
mal condition.
So, the acceleration will be poor.
P1121 Electric throttle control actu-
ator
(ECM detect the throttle
valve is stuck open.)While the vehicle is driving, it slows down gradually by fuel cut. After the vehicle stops,
the engine stalls.
The engine can restart in “N” or “P” position, and engine speed will not exceed 1,000
rpm or more.
P1122 Electric throttle control func-
tionECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.
P1124
P1126Throttle control motor relay ECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.
P1128
Throttle control motorECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring
P1229 Sensor power supply ECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring. DTC No. Detected items Engine operating condition in fail-safe mode
Engine operating condition in fail-safe mode Engine speed will not rise more than 2,500 rpm due to the fuel cut

EC-70
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Symptom Matrix Chart
EBS00K3P
SYSTEM — BASIC ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Fuel Fuel pump circuit 11232 22 3 2EC-381
Fuel pressure regulator system334444444 4EC-34
Injector circuit 11232 22 2EC-375
Evaporative emission system 334444444 4EC-251,
EC-399
Air Positive crankcase ventilation sys-
tem334444444 41EC-402
Incorrect idle speed adjustment 33 1111 1EC-65
Electric throttle control actuator 112332222 2 2EC-276
,
EC-278
,
EC-285
,
EC-291
IgnitionIncorrect ignition timing adjustment33111 11 1EC-65
Ignition circuit 11222 22 2EC-365
Main power supply and ground circuit 22333 33 23EC-110
Mass air flow sensor circuit 11222 22 2EC-134
Engine coolant temperature sensor circuit 11222322312EC-144
Throttle position sensor circuit 12 22222 2EC-199
,
EC-205
,
EC-335
,
EC-341
,
EC-343
,
EC-352
Accelerator pedal position sensor circuit3212 2EC-211
,
EC-218
,
EC-345
Heated oxygen sensor 1 circuit 1232 22 2EC-149
,
EC-155
,
EC-165
,
EC-296
,
EC-302
Knock sensor circuit 2 2 3EC-230
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) circuit 2 2EC-234
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE) circuit 2 2EC-240
Vehicle speed signal circuit 2 3 3 3EC-257

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-71
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EC
1 - 6: The numbers refer to the order of inspection.
(continued on next page)
SYSTEM — ENGINE MECHANICAL & OTHER
Power steering pressure sensor circuit 2 3 3 3 3EC-260
ECM 22333333333EC-265,
EC-268
Intake valve timing control solenoid valve cir-
cuit332 13223 3EC-272
PNP switch circuit 3 33333 3EC-356
Refrigerant pressure sensor circuit 2 3 3 3 3 4EC-387
Electrical load signal circuit 3 3 3 3EC-392
Air conditioner circuit223333333 3 2AT C - 2 9
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Fuel Fuel tank
5
5FE-4
Fuel piping 5 5 5 5 5 5 FE-4
Vapor lock—
Valve deposit
555555 5—
Poor fuel (Heavy weight gaso-
line, Low octane)—

EC-72
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Air Air duct
55555 5EM-14
Air cleanerEM-14
Air leakage from air duct
(Mass air flow sensor —electric
throttle control actuator)
5555EM-14
Electric throttle control actuatorEM-16
Air leakage from intake manifold/
Collector/GasketEM-16
Cranking Battery
111111 11SC-3
Alternator circuitSC-27
Starter circuit 3 SC-13
Signal plate/Flywheel/Drive plate 6EM-70
PNP switch
4AT- 11 6,
MT-21
Engine Cylinder head
55555 55 5EM-57
Cylinder head gasket 4 3
Cylinder block
66666 66 64
EM-70
Piston
Piston ring
Connecting rod
Bearing
Crankshaft
Va l v e
mecha-
nismTimin g c hain
55555 55 5EM-47
CamshaftEM-32
Intake valve timing controlEM-47
Intake valve
3EM-57
Exhaust valve
Exhaust Exhaust manifold/Tube/Muffler/
Gasket
55555 55 5EM-19
, FE-
26
Three way catalyst
Lubrica-
tionOil pan/Oil strainer/Oil pump/Oil
filter/Oil gallery
55555 55 52EM-22
, LC-
5, LC-9,
LC-4
Oil level (Low)/Filthy oilLC-8 SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA

EC-74
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Engine Control Component Parts Location
EBS00K3Q
MBIB0246E

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-81
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EC
2R/BHeated oxygen sensor 2
heater[Engine is running]
●Warm-up condition
●Engine speed: Below 3,800 rpm after the
following conditions are met.
●Keeping the engine speed between 3,500
and 4,000 rpm for one minute and at idle
for one minute under no load.0 - 1.0V
[Ignition switch “ON”]
●Engine stopped.
[Engine is running]
●Engine speed is above 3,800 rpm.BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
3RThrottle control motor power
supply[Ignition switch “ON”]BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
4W
(LHD)
BR
(RHD)Throttle control motor
(Close)[Ignition switch “ON”]
●Engine stopped.
●Shift lever position is ″D″ (A/T models).
●Shift lever position is “1st” (M/T models).
●Accelerator pedal is releasing.0 - 14V
5B (LHD)
Y (RHD)Throttle control motor
(Open)[Ignition switch “ON”]
●Engine stopped.
●Shift lever position is ″D″ (A/T models).
●Shift lever position is “1st” (M/T models).
●Accelerator pedal is depressing.0 - 14V
12 LPower steering pressure
sensor[Engine is running]
●Steering wheel is being turned.0.5 - 4.0V
[Engine is running]
●Steering wheel is not being turned.0.4 - 0.8V
13 RCrankshaft position sensor
(POS)[Engine is running]
●Warm-up condition
●Idle speedApproximately 3.0V
[Engine is running]
●Engine speed is 2,000 rpm.Approximately 3.0V TERMI-
NAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
PBIB0534E
PBIB0533E
PBIB0527E
PBIB0528E

EC-82
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
14 RCamshaft position sensor
(PHASE)[Engine is running]
●Warm-up condition
●Idle speed1.0 - 4.0V
[Engine is running]
●Engine speed is 2,000 rpm.1.0 - 4.0V
15 W Knock sensor[Engine is running]
●Idle speedApproximately 2.5V
16 W Heated oxygen sensor 2[Engine is running]
●Warm-up condition
●Engine speed is 3,000 rpm quickly after the
following conditions are met.
●Keeping the engine speed between 3,500
and 4,000 rpm for one minute and at idle
for one minute under no load.0 - Approximately 1.0V
19 GY/LEVAP canister purge
volume control solenoid
valve[Engine is running]
●Idle speedBATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
[Engine is running]
●Engine speed is about 2,000 rpm (More
than 100 seconds after starting engine).Approximately 10V TERMI-
NAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
PBIB0525E
PBIB0526E
PBIB0050E
PBIB0520E