coolant temperature NISSAN ALMERA N16 2003 Electronic Repair Manual

NJGI0011
ISO 15031-2NJGI0011S01All emission related terms used in this publication in accordance with ISO15031-2 are listed. Accordingly, new
terms, new acronyms/abbreviations and old terms are listed in the following chart.
***: Not applicable
NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Air cleaner ACL Air cleaner
Barometric pressure sensor BARO sensor ***
Barometric pressure sensor-BCDD BAROS-BCDD BCDD
Camshaft position CMP ***
Camshaft position sensor CMPS Crank angle sensor
Canister *** Canister
Carburetor CARB Carburetor
Charge air cooler CAC Intercooler
Closed loop CL Closed loop
Closed throttle position switch CTP switch Idle switch
Clutch pedal position switch CPP switch Clutch switch
Continuous fuel injection system CFI system ***
Continuous trap oxidizer system CTOX system ***
Crankshaft position CKP ***
Crankshaft position sensor CKPS ***
Data link connector DLC Diagnostic connector for CONSULT
Diagnostic test mode DTM Diagnostic mode
Diagnostic test mode selector DTM selector Diagnostic mode selector
Diagnostic test mode I DTM I Mode I
Diagnostic test mode II DTM II Mode II
Diagnostic trouble code DTC Malfunction code
Direct fuel injection system DFI system ***
Distributor ignition system DI system Ignition timing control
Early fuel evaporation-mixture heater EFE-mixture heater Mixture heater
Early fuel evaporation system EFE system Mixture heater control
Electrically erasable programmable read
only memoryEEPROM ***
Electronic ignition system EI system Ignition timing control
Engine control EC ***
Engine control module ECM ECCS control unit
Engine coolant temperature ECT Engine temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor ECTS Engine temperature sensor
Engine modification EM ***
Engine speed RPM Engine speedMA
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ISO 15031-2 TERMINOLOGY LIST
ISO 15031-2
GI-51

SMA089D
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio=NJMA0006S03The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality,
year-round and extended life engine coolant. The high quality
engine coolant contains the specific solutions effective for the anti-
corrosion and the anti-freeze function. Therefore, additional cool-
ing system additives are not necessary.
CAUTION:
For Europe
When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only
Genuine NISSAN Anti-freeze Coolant (L250) or equivalent.
Because L250 is premixed type coolant.
Except for Europe
When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only a
Nissan Genuine Engine Coolant or equivalent in its qual-
ity with the proper mixture ratio. See the examples shown
left.
The use of other types of engine coolant may damage your
cooling system.
When checking the engine coolant mixture ratio by the coolant
hydrometer, use the chart below to correct your hydrometer
reading (specific gravity) according to coolant temperature.
Mixed coolant specific gravity
Unit: specific gravity
Engine coolant mixture
ratioCoolant temperature °C (°F)
15 (59) 25 (77) 35 (95) 45 (113)
30% 1.046 - 1.050 1.042 - 1.046 1.038 - 1.042 1.033 - 1.038
50% 1.076 - 1.080 1.070 - 1.076 1.065 - 1.071 1.059 - 1.065
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from
the radiator. Wait until the engine and radiator cool down.
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RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio
MA-21

EM-60
[QG]
CYLINDER HEAD
3. Tighten cylinder auxiliary bolts (11) to (14) in numerical order
shown in figure.
●Pay attention to shank length under bolt head. [11: 20 mm
(0.79 in), 12 - 14: 25 mm (0.98 in)]
Disassembly and AssemblyEBS00LQJ
CAUTION:
●When installing camshafts, chain tensioners, oil seals or other sliding parts, lubricate contacting
surface with new engine oil.
●Apply new engine oil to threads and seat surface when installing cylinder head, camshaft
sprocket, crankshaft pulley and camshaft bracket.
●Attach tags to valve lifters so as not to mix them up.
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove adjusting shim (if so equipped) and valve lifter.
●Confirm installation point.
SEM900F
PBIC0973E
1. Cylinder head 2. Valve (INT) 3. Valve (EXH)
4. Valve seat 5. Engine coolant temperature sensor 6. Copper washer
7. Spark plug tube 8. Spark plug

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-61
[QG]
C
D
E
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2. Remove valve collet.
●Compress valve spring with valve spring compressor (special
service tool). Remove valve collet with magnet driver.
3. Remove valve spring retainer and valve spring.
4. Push valve stem to combustion chamber side, and remove
valve.
●Inspect valve guide clearance before removal. Refer to EM-
63, "VALVE GUIDE CLEARANCE" .
●Confirm installation point.
5. Remove valve oil seal with valve oil seal puller (special service
tool).
6. Remove valve spring seat.
7. When valve seat must be replaced, refer to EM-64, "
VA LV E
SEAT REPLACEMENT" .
8. When valve guide must be replaced, refer to EM-63, "
VA LV E
GUIDE REPLACEMENT" .
9. Remove spark plug with spark plug wrench (commercial service
tool).
10. Remove engine coolant temperature sensor.
CAUTION:
Do not shock it.
11. Remove spark plug tube, as necessary.
●Using a pair of pliers, pull spark plug tube out of cylinder head.
CAUTION:
●Take care not to damage cylinder head.
●Once removed, a spark plug tube will be deformed and cannot be reused. Do not remove it
unless absolutely necessary.
ASSEMBLY
1. Install valve guide. Refer to EM-63, "VALVE GUIDE REPLACEMENT" .
2. Install valve seat. Refer to EM-64, "
VALVE SEAT REPLACEMENT" .
3. Install valve oil seal.
●Install with valve oil seal drift (special service tool) to match
dimension in illustration.
4. Install valve spring seat.
5. Install valve.
●Install larger diameter to intake side.
6. Install valve spring.
7. Install valve spring retainer.
PBIC1015E
SEM909F
PBIC0576E

EM-62
[QG]
CYLINDER HEAD
8. Install valve collet.
●Compress valve spring with valve spring compressor (special
service tool). Install valve collet with magnet hand.
●Tap stem edge lightly with plastic hammer after installation to
check its installed condition.
9. Install adjusting shim (if so equipped) and valve lifter.
10. Install engine coolant temperature sensor.
●Apply Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent to the thread.
11. Install spark plug tube.
●Press-fit spark plug tube following procedure below.
a. Remove old liquid gasket adhering to cylinder-head mounting
hole.
b. Apply liquid gasket to area within approximately 15 mm (0.59 in)
from edge of spark plug tube press-fit side.
●Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
c. Using a drift, press-fit spark plug tube so that its height “H” is as
specified in the figure.
CAUTION:
●When press-fitting, take care not to deform spark plug tube.
●After press-fitting, wipe off liquid gasket protruding onto cylinder-head upper face.
12. Install spark plug with spark plug wrench (commercial service tool).
Inspection After DisassemblyEBS00LQK
CYLINDER HEAD DISTORTION
1. Wipe off oil and remove water scale (like deposit), gasket,
sealer, carbon, etc with scraper.
CAUTION:
Use utmost care not to allow gasket debris to enter pas-
sages for oil or water.
2. At each of several locations on bottom surface of cylinder head,
measure distortion in six directions.
VALVE DIMENSIONS
Check dimensions of each valve. For dimensions, refer to EM-94,
"VA LV E" .
PBIC1016E
Standard press-fit height “H” :
: 41.0 - 42.0 mm (1.61 - 1.65 in)KBIA1248E
Limit : 0.1 mm (0.004 in)
PBIC0075E
SEM188A

Cooling FanNJLC0026COMPONENTSNJLC0026S01
YLC023
CONTROL SYSTEMNJLC0026S02Cooling fans are controlled by the ECM. For details, refer to
EC-324 or EC-596, “DTC P1217 ENGINE OVER
TEMPERATURE”.
Changing Engine CoolantNJLC0037WARNING:
To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the cool-
ant when the engine is hot.
— DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT —NJLC0037S011. Set air conditioning system as follows to prevent coolant from
remaining in the system.
a. Turn ignition switch ON and set temperature controller to maxi-
mum hot position.
b. Wait 10 seconds before turning ignition switch OFF.
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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMQG
Cooling Fan
LC-17

SMA182B
SMA412B
Refer to MA-19, “RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS”.
Coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):
Unit:(Imp qt)
M/T 6.7 (5-7/8)
A/TFor Sedan 6.6 (5-7/8)
For Hatchback 6.7 (5-7/8)
Reservoir tank capacity:
0.7(5/8 Imp qt)
Pour coolant through coolant filler neck slowly to allow air
in system to escape.
3. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.
4. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without
radiator cap installed.
If coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install filler cap.
5. Run engine at 2,500 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle
speed with radiator cap installed.
Repeat two or three times.
Watch coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the
engine.
6. Stop engine and cool it down.
Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant.
7. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with coolant.
8. Repeat steps 4 through 7 two or more times with radiator cap
installed until coolant level no longer drops.
9. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
10. Warm up engine, and check for sound of coolant flow while
running engine from idle up to 3,000 rpm with heater tempera-
ture controller set at several positions between COOL and
HOT.
Sound may be noticeable at heater water cock.
11. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating
steps 4 through 7 until coolant level no longer drops
Clean excess coolant from engine.
— FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM —NJLC0037S031. Open air relief plug.
2. Fill radiator with water until water spills from the air relief hole,
then close air relief plug. Fill radiator and reservoir tank with
water and reinstall radiator cap.
3. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Rev engine two or three times under no-load.
5. Stop engine and wait until it cools down.
6. Drain water.
7. Repeat steps 1 through 6 until clear water begins to drain from
radiator.
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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMQG
Changing Engine Coolant (Cont’d)
LC-19

Symptom Check items
Except cool-
ing system
parts mal-
function— Overload on engineAbusive drivingHigh engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
Powertrain system malfunc-
tion
— Installed improper size
wheels and tires
Dragging brakes
Improper ignition timing
Blocked or restricted air
flowBlocked bumper —
— Blocked radiator grilleInstalled car brassiere
Mud contamination or
paper clogging
Blocked radiator —
Blocked condenser
—
Installed large fog lamp
Service Data and Specifications (SDS)
THERMOSTATNJLC0029
Valve opening temperature °C (°F) 82 (180)
Valve lift mm/°C (in/°F)More than 8/95 (0.31/203)
RADIATORNJLC0030Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2, psi)
Cap reliefpressureStandard 78 - 98 (0.78 - 0.98, 0.8 - 1.0, 11 - 14)
Limit 59 - 98 (0.59 - 0.98, 0.6 - 1.0, 9 - 14)
Leakage test pressure157 (1.57, 1.6, 23)
COOLANT CAPACITYNJLC0038Unit:(Imp qt)
M/T*6.7 (5-7/8)
A/T*Sedan 6.6 (5-7/8)
Hatchback 6.7 (5-7/8)
Reservoir tank0.7 (5/8)
*: With reservoir tank
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMQG
Overheating Cause Analysis (Cont’d)
LC-24

JLC295B
Changing Engine CoolantNJLC0079WARNING:
To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the cool-
ant when the engine is hot.
— DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT —NJLC0079S011. Set air conditioning system as follows to prevent coolant from
remaining in the system.
a. Turn ignition switch ON and set temperature controller to maxi-
mum hot position.
b. Wait 10 seconds before turning ignition switch OFF.
SMA033D
2. Remove lower radiator hose, and remove radiator filler cap to
drain coolant.
3. Remove reservoir tank, drain coolant, then clean reservoir
tank.
Be careful not to allow coolant to contact drive belts.
4. Cover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
coolant.
JLC429B
YLC026
5. Remove drain plug of cylinder block and air relief plug.
6. Check drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corro-
sion or discoloration. If contaminated flush engine cooling
system, refer to LC-45, “FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM”.
7. Blow the coolant around the exhaust tube heat shield.
NOTE:
An asterisk (*1) in the figure means “Not installed on some
models”.
JLC298B
— REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT —NJLC0079S021. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain cock or lower radiator hose
and cylinder block drain plug.
Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plugs.
: 8 - 11 N·m (0.8 - 1.2 kg-m, 70 - 104 in-lb)
2. Fill radiator slowly with coolant until coolant spills from the air
relief plugs, then install air relief plugs.
Location of air relief plugs
Water inlet and rear side intake manifold water tubes
3. Disconnect heater hose at engine, pour coolant into the hose
so that it flows toward the heater core.
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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMYD
Changing Engine Coolant
LC-43

While filling, if coolant from engine side spills out, be sure to
reconnect the heater hose.
Fill coolant to the level of the radiator cap at a rate of 2(1-3/4
Imp qt)/min or lower.
(Close the air relief plugs in order starting with the location from
where the coolant began spilling out.)
CAUTION:
If the filling rate is too fast, this could lead to air being mixed
in the coolant. Be sure to fill the coolant slowly according to
the rate indicated above.
Replace the copper washer of the air bleeding plug.
Air relief plug:
: 6.7 - 7.9 N·m (0.68 - 0.81 kg-m, 59 - 70 in-lb)
Use genuine Nissan anti-freeze coolant or equivalent
mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
SMA182B
SMA412B
Refer to MA-19, “RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS”.
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):
8.7(7-5/8 Imp qt)
Reservoir tank capacity:
0.7(5/8 Imp qt)
Pour coolant through coolant filler neck slowly to allow air
in system to escape.
4. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.
5. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without
radiator cap installed.
If coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install radiator cap.
6. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle
speed with radiator cap installed.
Repeat two or three times.
Watch coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the
engine.
7. Stop engine and cool it down.
Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant.
8. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with coolant.
9. Repeat steps 4 through 7 two or more times with radiator cap
installed until coolant level no longer drops.
10. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
11. Warm up engine, and check for sound of coolant flow while
running engine from idle up to 3,000 rpm with heater tempera-
ture controller set at several positions between COOL and
HOT.
Sound may be noticeable at heater water cock.
12. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating
steps 4 through 7 until coolant level no longer drops
Clean excess coolant from engine.
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMYD
Changing Engine Coolant (Cont’d)
LC-44