traction control NISSAN LEAF 2013 1.G User Guide

USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory
WARNING
Do not connect or disconnect the USB
device while driving. Doing so can be a
distraction. If distracted you could lose
control of your vehicle and cause an ac-
cident or serious injury.
CAUTION
Do not force the USB device into the USB port. Inserting the USB device
tilted or up-side-down into the port
may damage the USB device and the
port. Make sure that the USB device is
connected correctly into the USB port.
Do not grab the USB port cover (if so equipped) when pulling the USB de-
vice out of the port. This could damage
the port and the cover.
Do not leave the USB cable in a place where it can be pulled unintentionally.
Pulling the cable may break the wire,
USB device or the port.
To avoid damage and loss of function when using a USB device, note the
following precautions. – Do not bend the cable excessively
(1.6 in [40 mm]) radius minimum.
– Do not twist the cable excessively (more than 180 degrees) .
– Do not pull or drop the cable.
– Do not hit or press the USB port or USB device with hands, feet, or ob-
jects.
– Do not store objects with sharp edges in the storage area where the
cable is stored.
– Do not leave the USB device and attached devices in the vehicle com-
partment. When not in use for ex-
tended periods of time, store the
cable and USB device in a clean,
dust free environment at room tem-
perature and without direct sun ex-
posure.
– Do not use the cable for any other purposes than its intended use in
the vehicle.
The vehicle is not equipped with a USB device.
USB devices should be purchased separately as
necessary. This system cannot be used to format
USB devices. To format a USB device, use a
personal computer. In some states/area, the USB
device for the front seats plays only sound with- out images for regulatory reasons, even when the
vehicle is parked.
This system supports various USB memory de-
vices, USB hard drives and iPod® players. Some
USB devices may not be supported by this sys-
tem.
Partitioned USB devices may not play correctly.
Some characters used in other languages (Chi-
nese, Japanese, etc.) may not appear properly in
the display. Using English language characters
with a USB device is recommended.
General notes for USB use:
The USB device may not function when the
passenger compartment temperature is ex-
tremely high. Lower the temperature before use.
During cold weather or rainy days, the player may malfunction due to humidity. If this occurs,
remove the USB device and dehumidify or ven-
tilate the USB player completely.
Do not connect a USB device if a connector, cable or USB port is wet. Allow the connector,
cable, and USB port to dry completely before
connecting the USB device. (Wait for 24 hours
or more until it is dry.) If the connector and USB
port are exposed to fluids other than water,
evaporative residue may cause a short circuit
Heater, air conditioner, audio and phone systems4-33

CAUTION
Do not slide the shift lever while push- ing the P position switch. This may
also damage the electric motor.
When switching to the preferred posi- tion by operating the shift lever, check
that the shift lever returns to the cen-
tral position by releasing your hand
from the lever. Holding the shift lever
in a mid-way position may also dam-
age the shift control system.
Do not operate the shift lever while the accelerator pedal is depressed, except
when switching to the ECO position.
This may cause a sudden start which
could result in an accident.

The following operations are not allowed
because excessive force would be ap-
plied to the traction motor and this may
result in damage to the vehicle:
– Moving the shift lever to the R (Re- verse) position when driving for-
ward
– Moving the shift lever to the D (Drive) or ECO position when revers-
ing
If these operations are attempted, a
chime sounds and the vehicle shifts to
the N (Neutral) position. P (Park):
Use this shift position when the vehicle is parked
or when placing the vehicle in the READY to drive
position. Make sure that the vehicle is completely
stopped.
In order to switch to the P (Park)
position, press the P (Park) position switch
as shown in the illustration above once the
vehicle has come to a complete stop. If the
P (Park) position switch is pressed while
the vehicle is in motion, a chime sounds
and the current shift position is main-
tained. After switching to the P (Park) position,
apply the parking brake. When parking on a hill, apply the parking brake first while keeping the
foot brake pedal depressed then push the P
(Park) position switch and place the vehicle in the
P (Park) position. See
Parking brake.
NOTE:
While the vehicle is stationary, if the shift
position is placed in any position other
than the P (Park) position when the power
switch is set to OFF, it will automatically
switch to the P (Park) position.
If the P (Park) position switch is pressed
while sliding the shift lever, the shift posi-
tion will not switch to the P (Park) posi-
tion. When pressing the P (Park) position
switch be sure to first allow the shift lever
to return to its center position.
R (Reverse):
Use this position to back up. Make sure that the
vehicle is completely stopped before selecting
the R (Reverse) position. If the vehicle is
placed in the D (Drive) position while re-
versing, the chime will sound and the ve-
hicle will switch into the N (Neutral) posi-
tion.
Starting and driving5-13

Normal operation
The ABS operates at speeds above 3 to 6 MPH
(5 to 10 km/h) . The speed varies according to
road conditions.
When the ABS senses that one or more wheels
are close to locking up, the actuator rapidly ap-
plies and releases hydraulic pressure. This action
is similar to pumping the brakes very quickly. You
may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a
noise from under the hood or feel a vibration from
the actuator when it is operating. This is normal
and indicates that the ABS is operating properly.
However, the pulsation may indicate that road
conditions are hazardous and extra care is re-
quired while driving.The Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) system uses
various sensors to monitor driver inputs and ve-
hicle motion. Under certain driving conditions,
the VDC system helps to perform the following
functions.
Controls brake pressure to reduce wheel slip on
one slipping drive wheel so power is transferred
to a drive wheel on the same axle that is not
slipping.
Controls brake pressure and traction motor out- put to reduce drive wheel slip based on vehicle
speed (traction control function) .
Controls brake pressure at individual wheels and traction motor output to help the driver
maintain control of the vehicle in the following
conditions. – understeer (vehicle tends to not follow the steered path despite increased steering in-
put)
– oversteer (vehicle tends to spin due to cer- tain road or driving conditions) .
The VDC system can help the driver to maintain
control of the vehicle, but it cannot prevent loss of
vehicle control in all driving situations.
When the VDC system operates, the
warning in the instrument panel flashes. When
the warning flashes, note the following items. The road may be slippery or the system may
determine some action is required to help keep
the vehicle on the steered path.
You may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a noise or vibration from under the hood.
This is normal and indicates that the VDC sys-
tem is working properly.
Adjust your speed and driving according to the road conditions.
See VDC warning light in theInstruments and
controls section and VDC OFF indicator light
in the Instruments and controls section.
If a malfunction occurs in the system, the
warning illuminates in the lower display. The VDC
system automatically turns off when this warning
light is lit.
The VDC OFF switch is used to turn off the VDC
system. The VDC off indicator
illuminates
to indicate that the VDC system is off. When the
VDC switch is used to turn off the system, the
VDC system still operates to prevent one drive
wheel from slipping by transferring power to a
drive wheel that is not slipping. The
warn-
ing flashes if this occurs. All other VDC functions
are off and the
warning will not flash. The
VDC System is automatically reset to ON when
VEHICLE DYNAMIC CONTROL (VDC)
SYSTEM
5-22Starting and driving

the power switch is placed in the OFF position
then back to the ON position.
The computer has a built-in diagnostic feature
that tests the system each time you start the EV
(Electric Vehicle) and move the vehicle forward or
in reverse at a slow speed. When the self-test
occurs, you may hear a “clunk” noise and/or feel a
pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal and is
not an indication of a malfunction.
WARNING
The VDC system is designed to help the driver maintain stability but does
not prevent accidents due to abrupt
steering operation at high speeds or
by careless or dangerous driving tech-
niques. Reduce vehicle speed and be
especially careful when driving and
cornering on slippery surfaces and al-
ways drive carefully. Do not modify the vehicle’s suspen-
sion. If suspension parts such as shock
absorbers, struts, springs, stabilizer
bars, bushings and wheels are not
NISSAN recommended for your ve-
hicle or are extremely deteriorated the
VDC system may not operate properly.
This could adversely affect vehicle
handling performance, and the
warning may flash ormay il-
luminate.
If brake related parts such as brake
pads, rotors and calipers are not
NISSAN recommended or are ex-
tremely deteriorated, the VDC system
may not operate properly and
may
illuminate.
If traction motor control related parts
are not NISSAN recommended or are
extremely deteriorated, the
may
illuminate.
When driving on extremely inclined
surfaces such as higher banked cor-
ners, the VDC system may not operate
properly and the
warning may illu-
minate. Do not drive on these types of
roads. When driving on an unstable surface
such as a turntable, ferry, elevator or
ramp, the
warning may illuminate.
This is not a malfunction. Restart the
EV (Electric Vehicle) system after driv-
ing onto a stable surface.
If wheels or tires other than the
NISSAN recommended ones are used,
the VDC system may not operate prop-
erly and the
warning may illumi-
nate.
The VDC system is not a substitute for
winter tires or tire chains on a snow
covered road.
Starting and driving5-23

The predicted charging time displayed on
the meter and navigation system in-
creases when the Li-ion battery warmer
operates.
Vehicle range may be substantially re-
duced in extremely cold conditions (for
example under -4°F (-20°C)) .
Using the climate control system to heat
the cabin when outside temperature is
below 32°F (0°C) uses more electricity and
affects vehicle range more than when us-
ing the heater when the temperature is
above 32°F (0°C) .
Climate control performance is reduced
when using the Climate Ctrl. Timer or Re-
mote Climate Control while the Li-ion bat-
tery warmer operates. Set only the charg-
ing timer [End Time] when charging in
cold weather. The vehicle automatically
determines when to start charging to fully
charge the Li-ion battery, even if the Li-ion
battery warmer operates. Charging ends
before the set end time if the Li-ion bat-
tery is fully charged.FREEING A FROZEN DOOR LOCK
To prevent a door lock from freezing, apply deicer
through the key hole. If the lock becomes frozen,
heat the key before inserting it into the key hole or
use the remote keyless entry keyfob.
ANTIFREEZE
In the winter when it is possible that the outside
temperature will drop below 32°F (0°C) , check
the antifreeze to ensure proper winter protection.
For additional information, see Cooling system
in the Maintenance and do-it-yourself section.
12-VOLT BATTERY
If the 12-volt battery is not fully charged during
extremely cold weather conditions, the 12-volt
battery fluid may freeze and damage the 12-volt
battery. To maintain maximum efficiency, the 12-
volt battery should be checked regularly. For ad-
ditional information, see12-volt batteryin the
Maintenance and do-it-yourself section.
DRAINING OF COOLANT WATER
If the vehicle is to be left outside without anti-
freeze, drain the cooling system. Refill before
operating the vehicle. For details, see Coolingsystem
in theMaintenance and do-it-yourself
section.
TIRE EQUIPMENT
SUMMER tires have a tread designed to provide
superior performance on dry pavement. How-
ever, the performance of these tires will be sub-
stantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If
you operate your vehicle on snowy or icy roads,
NISSAN recommends the use of MUD & SNOW
or ALL SEASON tires on all four wheels. Consult
a NISSAN certified LEAF dealer for the tire type,
size, speed rating and availability information.
For additional traction on icy roads, studded tires
may be used. However, some U.S. states and
Canadian provinces prohibit their use. Check
local, state and provincial laws before installing
studded tires.
Skid and traction capabilities of studded
snow tires, on wet or dry surfaces, may be
poorer than that of non-studded snow tires.
Tire chains may be used. For details, see Tire
chains in theMaintenance and do-it-yourself
section.
Starting and driving5-25

SPECIAL WINTER EQUIPMENT
It is recommended that the following items be
carried in the vehicle during winter:
A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to remove iceand snow from the windows and wiper blades.
A shovel to dig the vehicle out of snow-drifts.
Extra window washer fluid to refill the reservoir tank.
DRIVING ON SNOW OR ICE
WARNING
Wet ice (32°F, 0°C and freezing rain) , very cold snow or ice can be slick and
very hard to drive on. The vehicle will
have much less traction or “grip” under
these conditions. Try to avoid driving
on wet ice until the road is salted or
sanded.
Whatever the conditions, drive with caution. Accelerate and slow down
with care. If accelerating too fast, the
drive wheels will lose even more trac-
tion.
Allow more stopping distance under these conditions. Braking should be
started sooner than on dry pavement. Allow greater following distances on
slippery roads.
Watch for slippery spots (glare ice) . These may appear on an otherwise
clear road in shaded areas. If a patch
of ice is seen ahead, brake before
reaching it. Try not to brake while on
the ice, and avoid any sudden steering
maneuvers.
Do not use cruise control on slippery roads.
FREEING A FROZEN CHARGE
PORT LID
When the charge port is frozen, melt the ice using
a hair dryer.
5-26Starting and driving

9 Technical and consumer information
Capacities and recommended lubricants.........9-2
Air conditioning system refrigerant and lubricant
recommendations .................... .9-3
Specifications ........................ .9-4
Charging system .................... .9-4
Motor ........................... .9-6
Wheels and tires .................... .9-6
Dimensions and weights ................ .9-6
When traveling or registering your vehicle in another
country ............................ .9-7
Vehicle identification .................... .9-7
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) plate .......9-7
Vehicle identification number (chassis number). . . .9-7
Traction motor serial number ..............9-8
F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S certification label ........9-8
Emission control information label ...........9-8
Tire and Loading Information label ...........9-9
Air conditioner specification label ............9-9
Installing front license plate .................9-9Vehicle loading information
.................9-10
Terms .......................... .9-10
Vehicle load capacity ................. .9-11
Securing the load ................... .9-12
Loading tips ...................... .9-12
Measurement of weights ................9-13
Towing a trailer ....................... .9-13
Flat towing ......................... .9-14
Uniform tire quality grading .................9-14
Treadwear ....................... .9-14
Traction AA, A, B and C ................9-14
Temperature A, B and C ................9-15
Reporting safety defects ................. .9-15
Telematics overview .................... .9-16
Event Data Recorder (EDR) ................9-18
Owner’s Manual/Service Manual order information. . .9-18
Charging information ................... .9-20
Cold tire pressures .................... .9-22

TRACTION MOTOR SERIAL
NUMBER
The serial number of the traction motor is
stamped on the traction motor as shown.
F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S
CERTIFICATION LABEL
The Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety
Standards (F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S.) certification
label is affixed as shown. This label contains
valuable vehicle information, such as: Gross Ve-
hicle Weight Ratings (GVWR) , Gross Axle
Weight Rating (GAWR) , month and year of
manufacture, Vehicle Identification Number
(VIN) , etc. Review it carefully.
EMISSION CONTROL
INFORMATION LABEL
The emission control information label is at-
tached to the underside of the hood as shown in
the illustration.
9-8Technical and consumer information

Towing your vehicle with all four wheels on the
ground is sometimes called flat towing. This
method is typically used when towing a vehicle
behind a recreational vehicle, such as a motor
home.
CAUTION
Failure to follow these guidelines can result in severe reduction gear dam-
age.
DO NOT tow this vehicle with all four wheels on the ground (flat towing) .
For emergency towing procedures re-
fer to Towing your vehicle in theIn
case of emergency
section of this
manual. DOT (Department Of Transportation) Quality
Grades: All passenger car tires must conform to
federal safety requirements in addition to these
grades.
Quality grades can be found where applicable on
the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and
maximum section width. For example:
Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
TREADWEAR
The treadwear grade is a comparative rating
based on the wear rate of the tire when tested
under controlled conditions on a specified gov-
ernment test course. For example, a tire graded
150 would wear one and one-half (1 1/2) times
as well on the government course as a tire graded
100. The relative performance of tires depends
upon actual conditions of their use however, and
may depart significantly from the norm due to
variations in driving habits, service practices and
differences in road characteristics and climate.
TRACTION AA, A, B AND C
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are
AA, A, B and C. Those grades represent the tire’s
ability to stop on wet pavement as measured
under controlled conditions on specified govern-
ment test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire
marked C may have poor traction performance.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire is
based on straight-ahead braking traction
tests, and does not include acceleration,
cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction
characteristics.
FLAT TOWING UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADING
9-14Technical and consumer information

Supplemental restraint system.........1-34
Precautions on supplemental restraint
system................... .1-34
Switch......................2-42
Autolight switch .............. .2-42
Charge timer OFF switch .........2-49
ECO switch ................ .2-46
Fog light switch .............. .2-45
Hazard warning flasher switch .......6-2
Headlight switch ............. .2-42
Power door lock switch ...........3-5
Rear window and outside mirror
defroster switch .............. .2-41
Turn signal switch ............. .2-44
Vehicle dynamic control (VDC) off
switch ................... .2-48
T
Telematics overview...............9-16
Temperature ....................2-7
Li-ion battery temperature gauge ......2-7
Theft (NISSAN Vehicle Immobilizer System) ,
traction motor start................2-37
Tilt steering column ...............3-20
Tire........................2-16
Low tire pressure warning light ......2-16
Tires ........................6-3
Flat tire.................... .6-3
Low tire pressure warning system .....5-2
Tire and Loading information label . . .8-27, 9-9
Tire chains................. .8-31
Tire dressing ................ .7-4
Tire pressure ................ .8-28
Tire pressure monitoring system
(TPMS) ................. .5-2, 6-3
Tire rotation ................ .8-32
Types of tires ............... .8-30
Uniform tire quality grading ........9-14
Wheels and tires ............. .8-26
Wheel/tire size ............... .9-6
Tools.......................6-13
Top........................1-20
Tether strap child restraints ........1-20
Towing......................9-14
Flat towing................. .9-14
Towing a trailer .............. .9-13
Tow truck towing ............. .6-13
TPMS, Tire pressure monitoring system .....5-2
TPMS, Tire pressure warning system ......6-3
Tractionmotor...................9-8
Traction motor serial number ........9-8
Trailer towing...................9-13
Transceiver, HomeLink® Universal .......2-58
Transceiver................. .2-58
Transmitter, With Intelligent Key system
(See Intelligent Key system)...........3-13
Tricklecharge.................CH-11
Trip computer ..................2-27
Turn signal switch ................2-44 Type of charge and how to charge the Li-ion
battery
......................CH-5
U
Underbody cleaning ................7-3
Uniform tire quality grading ...........9-14
Unplugged status ...............CH-31
V
Vanity mirror...................3-24
Vehicle.......................9-6
Dimensions and weights ..........9-6
Identification number (VIN) .........9-7
Loading information .............9-10
Recovery (freeing stuck vehicle) .....6-15
Security system .............. .2-36
Vehicle dynamic control (VDC) off
switch ................... .2-48
Vehicle dynamic control (VDC) system .5-22
Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) warning
light ..................... .2-19
Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) warning light .2-19
Vehicle security system.............2-36
Vents........................4-6
10-6Index