oil type NISSAN PRIMERA 1999 Electronic User Guide

NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine NoiseNCEM0005S01Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Confirm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-
upAfter
warm-
upWhen
start-
ingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
Engine
Rocker
Cover Cyl-
inder HeadTicking or
clickC A Ð A B Ð Tappet
noiseValve clearance EM-40
Rattle C A Ð A B C Camshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft journal clear-
ance
Camshaft runoutEM-35
Crankshaft
Pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of Engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐ A Ð B B Ð Piston pin
noisePiston and piston pin
clearance
Connecting rod bushing
clearanceEM-54, 59
Slap or
rapA Ð Ð B B A Piston slap
noisePiston-to-bore clearance
Piston ring side clearance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend and
torsionEM-54, 55,
56
Knock A B CB B B Connecting
rod-bearing
noiseConnecting rod bearing
clearance (Big end)
Connecting rod bushing
clearance (Small end)EM-58, 59
Knock A B Ð A B C Main bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clear-
ance
Crankshaft runoutEM-57
Front of
Engine Tim-
ing Chain
CoverTapping or
tickingAAÐBBBTiming
chain and
chain ten-
sioner noiseTiming chain cracks and
wear
Timing chain tensioner
operationEM-24
Front of
EngineSqueak or
fizzingA B Ð B Ð C Other drive
belts (stick-
ing or slip-
ping)Drive belts deflection MA Section
(ªChecking
Drive Beltsº,
ªEngine
Mainte-
nanceº) CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (slip-
ping)Idler pulley bearing
operation
Squall or
creakABÐBABWater pump
noiseWater pump operation LC Section
(ªWater
Pump
Inspectionº,
ªEngine
Cooling
Systemº)
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS
(NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGQG
NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine Noise
EM-11

NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine Noise
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Confirm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-
upAfter
warm-
upWhen
start-
ingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
Engine
rocker
cover
Cylinder
headTicking or
clickingC AÐA BÐRocker
noiseHydraulic lash adjuster EM-96
Rattle C A Ð A B CCamshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft journal clear-
ance
Camshaft runoutEM-92
Crankshaft
Pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of Engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐAÐB BÐPiston pin
noisePiston and piston pin
clearance
Connecting rod bushing
clearanceEM-110, 116
Slap or
rapAÐÐB B APiston slap
noisePiston-to-bore clearance
Piston ring side clear-
ance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend and
torsionEM-111, 112
Knock A B C B B BConnecting
rod-bearing
noiseConnecting rod bearing
clearance (Big end)
Connecting rod bushing
clearance (Small end)EM-115, 116
Knock A B Ð A B CMain bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clear-
ance
Crankshaft runoutEM-113, 114
Front of
engine
Timing
chain coverTapping or
tickingAAÐBBBTiming
chain and
chain ten-
sioner noiseTiming chain cracks and
wearEM-132
Front of
EngineSqueak or
fizzingA BÐBÐCOther drive
belts (stick-
ing or slip-
ping)Drive belt deflectionMA Section
(ªChecking
Drive Beltsº,
ªENGINE
MAINTE-
NANCEº) CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (slip-
ping)Idler pulley bearing
operation
Squall or
creakABÐBABWater pump
noiseWater pump operationLC Section
(ªWater Pump
Inspectionº,
ªENGINE
COOLING
SYSTEMº)
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGSR20DE
NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine Noise
EM-65

IAlways use new valve oil seal.
Refer to OIL SEAL REPLACEMENT.
IBefore installing valve oil seal, install valve spring seat.
IInstall valve spring (uneven pitch type) with its narrow
pitched side toward cylinder head side (paint mark).
IAfter installing valve component parts, tap valve stem tip
with plastic hammer to assure a proper fit.
7. Check hydraulic lash adjusters.
a. Push rocker arm at hydraulic lash adjuster location, and see if
rocker arm moves. If it moves at least 1 mm (0.04 in), it indi-
cates that there is air in the high pressure chamber.
Noise will be emitted from hydraulic lash adjuster if engine is
started without bleeding air.
b. Remove hydraulic lash adjuster and dip in a container filled
with engine oil. While pushing plunger as shown in figure,
lightly push check ball using a thin rod. Air is completely bled
when plunger no longer moves.
Air cannot be bled from this type of lash adjuster by running
the engine.
8. Install rocker arms, shims, rocker arm guides and hydraulic
lash adjusters.
CAUTION:
Install all parts in their original positions.
9. Select a suitable shim when replacing any of the following
parts with a new one: Cylinder head, shim, rocker arm guide
and valve seat. Proceed as follows to select the shim of cor-
rect thickness.
a. Install valve component parts to cylinder head (Except shim).
IAlways replace rocker arm guide with a new one.
SEM085D Wide pitch
Narrow pitch
Paint mark
Cylinder head side
NEM146 Push
NEM147 Rod
Engine oil
SEM202D Rocker arm guide
Rocker arm
Shim
Hydraulic
lash adjuster
SEM364D Shim
Rocker arm guide
Valve collet
Valve spring
retainer
Valve spring
Valve spring seat
Valve oil sealValve
CYLINDER HEADSR20DE
Assembly (Cont'd)
EM-98

IPosition camshaft brackets as shown in the illustration.
Apply new engine oil to threads and seating surfaces of
camshaft bracket bolts before installing them.
IArrange bolts (Size and length).
A: M6 x 53.8 mm (2.12 in)
B: M6 x 37 mm (1.46 in)
C: M8 x 35 mm (1.38 in)
ITightening procedure
STEP 1:
RH camshaft
Tighten bolts9-10inthat order then tighten
bolts1-8innumerical order.
:2N×m (0.2 kg-m, 17 in-lb)
LH camshaft
Tighten bolts 11 - 12 in that order then tighten
bolts1-10innumerical order.
:2N×m (0.2 kg-m, 17 in-lb)
STEP 2:
Tighten bolts in numerical order.
:6N×m (0.6 kg-m, 52 in-lb)
STEP 3:
Tighten bolts in numerical order.
Bolt type A B
: 9.8 - 11.8 N×m (1.0 - 1.2 kg-m, 7.2 - 8.7 ft-lb)
Bolt type C
:18-25N×m (1.8 - 2.6 kg-m, 13 - 19 ft-lb)
10. Install camshaft sprockets and timing chain on them.
Line up mating marks on timing chain with mating marks
on camshaft sprockets.
SEM098DA RH camshaft
bracketEnd bracket
End bracket
Engine
front
No.1to4
brackets
No. 1 to 4 bracketsLH camshaft
bracket
SEM046G Engine
front
Bolt type
SEM047G Engine
frontRH camshaft
LH camshaft
Tighten in numerical order.
SEM046G Engine
front
Bolt type
SEM048G Mating mark
Mating mark
.RH camshaft sprocket.LH camshaft sprocket Mating mark
Mating mark
CYLINDER HEADSR20DE
Installation (Cont'd)
EM-102

NVH Troubleshooting Chart Ð Engine Noise
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the problem.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Confirm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-upAfter
warm-upWhen
startingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
engine
Rocker
cover
Cylinder
headTicking or
clickingCAÐABÐTappet
noiseValve clearance Ð
Rattle C A Ð A B CCamshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft journal clearance
Camshaft runoutEM-147
Crankshaft
pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐAÐB BÐPiston pin
noisePiston and piston pin clear-
ance
Connecting rod bushing
clearanceEM-168,
171
Slap or rap A Ð Ð B B APiston slap
noisePiston-to-bore clearance
Piston ring side clearance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend and
torsionEM-168,
169, 172,
174
Knock A B C B B BConnecting
rod bearing
noiseConnecting rod bushing
clearance (Small end)
Connecting rod bearing
clearance (Big end)EM-170,
171
Knock A B Ð A B CMain bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clearance
Crankshaft runoutEM-169,
172
Camshaft
and injection
pump
Timing belt
coverWhine or
hissingCAÐAAÐTiming belt
noise (too
tight)
Loose timing belt
Belt contacting caseEM-135
Clatter A B Ð C A ÐTiming belt
noise (too
loose)
Front of
engineSqueaking
or fizzingABÐBÐCOther drive
belts
(Sticking or
slipping)Drive belts deflection
*1
CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (Slip-
ping)Idler pulley bearing operation
Squall
CreakABÐBABWater pump
noiseWater pump operation *2
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
*1: MA section (ªChecking Drive Beltsº, ªENGINE MAINTENANCEº)
*2: LC section (ªWater Pump Inspectionº, ªENGINE COOLING SYSTEMº)
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGCD20T
NVH Troubleshooting Chart Ð Engine Noise
EM-122

General Specifications
Suspension type Independent multi-link strut with coil spring
Strut type Double-acting hydraulic
Stabilizer bar Standard equipment
DRIVE SHAFT
Applied modelQG16DE/
QG18DECD20TSR20DE
M/T CVT
Joint type
Transaxle side GI82 D83/T83
Wheel side 98AC B86
Diameter (Serration) mm (in)
Transaxle side ªD
1º 26 (1.02) 25 (0.98)
Wheel side ªD
2º 28 (1.10) 27 (1.06)
Grease
Quality Nissan Genuine Grease or equivalent
Capacity m(Imp fl oz)
Transaxle side 175 - 185 (6.2 - 6.5) 115 - 135 (4.0 - 4.8)
Wheel side 110 - 130 (3.9 - 4.6) 95 - 115 (3.3 - 4.0)
Boot length mm (in)
Wheel side ªLº 96 - 98 (3.78 - 3.86) 96 - 98 (3.78 - 3.86)
SFA928A
Wheel side
Transaxle side
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
FA-34

Inspection and Adjustment
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Unladen*1)
Applied model195/60 R15
195/60 VR15
185/65 HR15205/50 R16
Camber Minimum þ0É45¢
Degree minute Nominal 0É
Maximum 0É45¢
Caster Minimum 1É10¢
Degree minute Nominal 1É55¢
Maximum 2É40¢
Kingpin inclination Minimum 13É45¢
Degree minute Nominal 14É30¢
Maximum 15É15¢
Total toe-in Minimum 0 (0)
Distance (A - B) Nominal 1 (0.04)
mm (in) Maximum 2 (0.08)
Angle (left plus right) Minimum 0É
Degree minute Nominal 0É6¢
Maximum 0É12¢
Wheel turning angle Minimum 32 31
Full turn *2 Nominal 35 34
Inside Degree minute Maximum 36 35
Outside Degree minute Nominal 30 29
*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
*2: Wheel turning force (at circumference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22 to 33 lb) with engine idle.
WHEEL BEARING
Wheel bearing axial end
play limit mm (in)0.05 (0.0020) or less
Wheel bearing lock nut
tightening torque
N´m (kg-m, ft-lb)235 - 314
(24 - 32, 174 - 231)
LOWER BALL JOINT
Ball stud swinging force
at cotter pin hole N (kg, lb)7.8 - 57.9
(0.8 - 5.9, 6 - 42)
Ball stud rotating torque
N´m (kg-cm, in-lb)0.5 - 3.4
(5 - 34, 5 - 30)
Ball stud axial end play
limit mm (in)0 (0)
WHEEL RUNOUT
Wheel type Aluminium Steel
Radial runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020)
Lateral runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.8 (0.031)
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
FA-35

lWear protective clothing, including impervious gloves where
practicable.
lDo not put oily rags in pockets.
lAvoid contaminating clothes, particularly underpants, with oil.
lHeavily soiled clothing and oil-impregnated footwear should
not be worn. Overalls must be cleaned regularly.
lFirst Aid treatment should be obtained immediately for open
cuts and wounds.
lUse barrier creams, applying them before each work period,
to help the removal of oil from the skin.
lWash with soap and water to ensure all oil is removed (skin
cleansers and nail brushes will help). Preparations contain-
ing lanolin replace the natural skin oils which have been
removed.
lDo not use gasoline, kerosine, diesel fuel, gas oil, thinners
or solvents for cleaning skin.
lIf skin disorders develop, obtain medical advice without
delay.
lWhere practicable, degrease components prior to handling.
lWhere there is a risk of eye contact, eye protection should
be worn, for example, chemical goggles or face shields; in
addition an eye wash facility should be provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
Burning used engine oil in small space heaters or boilers can be
recommended only for units of approved design. The heating
system must meet the requirements of HM Inspectorate of Pol-
lution for small burners of less than 0.4 MW. If in doubt check
with the appropriate local authority and/or manufacturer of the
approved appliance.
Dispose of used oil and used oil filters through authorized waste
disposal contractors to licensed waste disposal sites, or to the
waste oil reclamation trade. If in doubt, contact the local author-
ity for advice on disposal facilities.
It is illegal to pour used oil on to the ground, down sewers or
drains, or into water courses.
The regulations concerning the pollution of the environment
will vary between regions.
Precautions for Fuel
GASOLINE ENGINE:
Unleaded gasoline of at least 95 octane (RON)
CAUTION:
Do not use leaded gasoline. Using leaded gasoline will dam-
age the catalytic converter.
DIESEL ENGINE*:
Diesel fuel of at least 50 cetane
* If two types of diesel fuel are available, use summer or win-
ter fuel properly according to the following temperature con-
ditions.
lAbove þ7ÉC (20ÉF) ... Summer type diesel fuel.
lBelow þ7ÉC (20ÉF) ... Winter type diesel fuel.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions for Engine Oils (Cont'd)
GI-7

lThe followingSYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONSare used:
,: Tightening torque
: Should be lubricated with grease.
Unless otherwise indicated, use
recommended multi-purpose
grease.
: Should be lubricated with oil.
: Sealing point
: Checking point
: Always replace after every disas-
sembly.
pP: Apply petroleum jelly.
: Apply ATF.
H: Select with proper thickness.
I: Adjustment is required.
SDS : Service Data and Specifications
LH, RH : Left-Hand, Right-Hand
LHD, RHD : Left-Hand Drive, Right-Hand Drive
FR, RR : Front, RearM/T : Manual Transaxle/Transmission
A/T : Automatic Transaxle/Transmission
A/C : Air Conditioner
P/S : Power Steering
SST : Special Service Tools
SAE : Society of Automotive Engineers,
Inc.
SMJ : Super Multiple Junction
ATF : Automatic Transmission Fluid
D
1: Drive range 1st gear
D
2: Drive range 2nd gear
D
3: Drive range 3rd gear
D
4: Drive range 4th gear
OD : Overdrive
2
2: 2nd range 2nd gear
2
1: 2nd range 1st gear
1
2: 1st range 2nd gear
1
1: 1st range 1st gear
lTheUNITSgiven in this manual are primarily expressed as an SI UNIT (International System of Unit),
and alternatively expressed in the metric system and in the yard/pound system.
ªExampleº
Tightening torque:
59 - 78 N´m (6.0 - 8.0 kg-m, 43 - 58 ft-lb)
lTROUBLE DIAGNOSESare included in sections dealing with complicated components and systems.
lSERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONSare contained at the end of each section for quick reference
of data.
lThe captionsWARNINGandCAUTIONwarn you of steps that must be followed to prevent personal
injury and/or damage to some part of the vehicle.
WARNINGindicates the possibility of personal injury if instructions are not followed.
CAUTIONindicates the possibility of component damage if instructions are not followed.
BOLD TYPED STATEMENTSexceptWARNINGandCAUTIONgive you helpful information.
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
GI-10

Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ªAIR
BAGº and ªSEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONERº
The Supplemental Restraint System such as ªAIR BAGº and ªSEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONERº used along
with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. The SRS system composition which is available to NISSAN MODEL P11 is as follows (The
composition varies according to optional equipment):
lFor a frontal collision
The Supplemental Restraint System consists of driver's air bag module (located in the center of the
steering wheel), front passenger's air bag module (located on the instrument panel on passenger's side),
seat belt pre-tensioners, a diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring harness and spiral cable.
lFor a side collision
The Supplemental Restraint System consists of front side air bag module (located in the outer side of
front seat), satellite sensor, diagnosis sensor unit (one of components of air bags for a frontal collision),
wiring harness, warning lamp (one of components of air bags for a frontal collision).
Information necessary to service the system safely is included in theRS sectionof this Service Manual.
WARNING:
lTo avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.
lImproper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and
Air Bag Module, see the RS section.
lDo not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. Spiral cable and wiring harnesses covered with yellow insulation or tape either
just before the harness connectors or for the complete harness are related to the SRS.
Precautions for Working with HFC-134a
(R-134a)
WARNING:
lCFC-12 (R-12) refrigerant and HFC-134a (R-134a) refrigerant are not compatible. These refriger-
ants must never be mixed, even in the smallest amounts. If the refrigerants are mixed, compres-
sor failure is likely to occur.
lUse only specified lubricant for the HFC-134a (R-134a) A/C system and HFC-134a (R-134a)
components. If lubricant other than that specified is used, compressor failure is likely to occur.
lThe specified HFC-134a (R-134a) lubricant rapidly absorbs moisture from the atmosphere. The
following handling precautions must be observed:
a: When removing refrigerant components from a vehicle, immediately cap (seal) the compo-
nent to minimize the entry of moisture from the atmosphere.
b: When installing refrigerant components to a vehicle, do not remove the caps (unseal) until
just before connecting the components. Connect all refrigerant loop components as quickly
as possible to minimize the entry of moisture into system.
c: Only use the specified lubricant from a sealed container. Immediately reseal containers of
lubricant. Without proper sealing, lubricant will become moisture saturated and should not
be used.
d: Avoid breathing A/C refrigerant and lubricant vapor or mist. Exposure may irritate eyes, nose
and throat. Remove R-134a from the A/C system, using certified service equipment meeting
requirements of SAE J2210 (R-134a recycling equipment), or J2209 (R-134a recovery equip-
ment). If accidental system discharge occurs, ventilate work area before resuming service.
Additional health and safety information may be obtained from refrigerant and lubricant
manufacturers.
e: Do not allow lubricant (Nissan A/C System Oil Type S or type R) to come in contact with sty-
rofoam parts. Damage may result.
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION
HA-3