spark plugs replace NISSAN PRIMERA 1999 Electronic Repair Manual

IntroductionNCEC0036The engine has an ECM to control major systems such as fuel
control, ignition control, idle air control system, etc. The ECM
accepts input signals from sensors and instantly drives actuators.
It is essential that both input and output signals are proper and
stable. At the same time, it is important that there are no problems
such as vacuum leaks, fouled spark plugs, or other problems with
the engine.
It is much more difficult to diagnose a problem that occurs intermit-
tently rather than continuously. Most intermittent problems are
caused by poor electric connections or improper wiring. In this
case, careful checking of suspected circuits may help prevent the
replacement of good parts.
A visual check only may not find the cause of the problems. A road
test with CONSULT-II (or GST) or a circuit tester connected should
be performed. Follow the ªWork Flowº on EC-QG-70.
Before undertaking actual checks, take a few minutes to talk with
a customer who approaches with a driveability complaint. The cus-
tomer can supply good information about such problems, espe-
cially intermittent ones. Find out what symptoms are present and
under what conditions they occur. A ªDiagnostic Worksheetº like the
example on next page should be used.
Start your diagnosis by looking for ªconventionalº problems first.
This will help troubleshoot driveability problems on an electronically
controlled engine vehicle.
DIAGNOSTIC WORKSHEETNCEC0036S01There are many operating conditions that lead to the malfunction
of engine components. A good grasp of such conditions can make
trouble-shooting faster and more accurate.
In general, each customer feels differently about a problem. It is
important to fully understand the symptoms or conditions for a
customer complaint.
Utilize a diagnostic worksheet like the one on the next page in order
to organize all the information for troubleshooting.
Some conditions may cause the malfunction indicator to come on
steady or blink and DTC to be detected.
Example:
Vehicle ran out of fuel, which caused the engine to misfire.
MEF036D
SEF233G
SEF234G
SEF907L
KEY POINTS
WHAT îî..... Vehicle & engine
model
WHEN..... Date, Frequencies
WHERE..... Road conditions
HOW..... Operating conditions,
Weather conditions,
Symptoms
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INTRODUCTIONQG16I18DE
Introduction
EC-68

6 CHECK IGNITION SPARK
1. Turn Ignition switch ªOFFº.
2. Disconnect ignition coil assembly from rocker cover.
3. Connect a known good spark plug to the ignition coil assembly.
4. Place end of spark plug against a suitable ground and crank engine.
5. Check for spark.
SEF575Q
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 7.
NG©Check ignition coil, power transistor and their circuits. Refer to EC-QG-323.
7 CHECK SPARK PLUGS
Remove the spark plugs and check for fouling, etc.
SEF156I
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 8.
NG©Repair or replace spark plug(s) with standard type one(s). For spark plug type, refer to
ªENGINE MAINTENANCEº in MA section.
8 CHECK COMPRESSION PRESSURE
Refer to EM section.
ICheck compression pressure.
Standard:
1,324 kPa (13.24 bar, 13.5 kg/cm
2, 192 psi)/350 rpm
Minimum:
1,128 kPa (11.28 bar, 11.5 kg/cm
2, 164 psi)/350 rpm
Difference between each cylinder:
98 kPa (0.98 bar, 1.0 kg/cm
2, 14 psi)/350 rpm
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 9.
NG©Check pistons, piston rings, valves, valve seats and cylinder head gaskets.
DTC P0300 - P0304 NO.4-1CYLINDER MISFIRE,
MULTIPLE CYLINDER MISFIREQG16I18DE
Diagnostic Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-225

IntroductionNCEC0036The engine has an ECM to control major systems such as fuel
control, ignition control, idle air control system, etc. The ECM
accepts input signals from sensors and instantly drives actuators.
It is essential that both input and output signals are proper and
stable. At the same time, it is important that there are no problems
such as vacuum leaks, fouled spark plugs, or other problems with
the engine.
It is much more difficult to diagnose a problem that occurs intermit-
tently rather than continuously. Most intermittent problems are
caused by poor electric connections or improper wiring. In this
case, careful checking of suspected circuits may help prevent the
replacement of good parts.
A visual check only may not find the cause of the problems. A road
test with CONSULT-II (or GST) or a circuit tester connected should
be performed. Follow the ªWork Flowº on EC-SR-82.
Before undertaking actual checks, take a few minutes to talk with
a customer who approaches with a driveability complaint. The cus-
tomer can supply good information about such problems, espe-
cially intermittent ones. Find out what symptoms are present and
under what conditions they occur. A ªDiagnostic Worksheetº like the
example on next page should be used.
Start your diagnosis by looking for ªconventionalº problems first.
This will help troubleshoot driveability problems on an electronically
controlled engine vehicle.
DIAGNOSTIC WORKSHEETNCEC0036S01There are many operating conditions that lead to the malfunction
of engine components. A good grasp of such conditions can make
trouble-shooting faster and more accurate.
In general, each customer feels differently about a problem. It is
important to fully understand the symptoms or conditions for a
customer complaint.
Utilize a diagnostic worksheet like the one on the next page in order
to organize all the information for troubleshooting.
Some conditions may cause the malfunction indicator to come on
steady or blink and DTC to be detected.
Example:
Vehicle ran out of fuel, which caused the engine to misfire.
MEF036D
SEF233G
SEF234G
SEF907L
KEY POINTS
WHAT..... Vehicle & engine model
WHEN..... Date, Frequencies
WHERE..... Road conditions
HOW..... Operating conditions,
Weather conditions,
Symptoms
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INTRODUCTIONSR20DE
Introduction
EC-80

7 CHECK SPARK PLUGS
Remove the spark plugs and check for fouling, etc.
SEF156I
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 9.
NG©Repair or replace spark plug(s) with standard type one(s). For spark plug type, refer to
ªENGINE MAINTENANCEº in MA section.
8 CHECK COMPRESSION PRESSURE
Refer to EM section.
ICheck compression pressure.
Standard:
1,226 kPa (12.26 bar, 12.5 kg/cm
2, 178 psi)/300 rpm
Minimum:
1,030 kPa (10.30 bar, 10.5 kg/cm
2, 149 psi)/300 rpm
Difference between each cylinder:
98 kPa (0.98 bar, 1.0 kg/cm
2, 14 psi)/300 rpm
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 10.
NG©Check pistons, piston rings, valves, valve seats and cylinder head gaskets.
9 CHECK FUEL PRESSURE
1. Install any parts removed.
2. Release fuel pressure to zero. Refer to EC-SR-31.
3. Install fuel pressure gauge and check fuel pressure.
SEF194XAt idle:
Approx. 235 kPa (2.35 bar, 2.4 kg/cm2, 34 psi)
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 12.
NG©GO TO 11.
Fuel filter
DTC P0300 - P0304 NO.4-1CYLINDER MISFIRE,
MULTIPLE CYLINDER MISFIRESR20DE
Diagnostic Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-227

1. Warm up engine.
2. Turn ignition switch OFF.
3. Release fuel pressure.
Refer to ªReleasing Fuel Pressureº in EC section.
4. Remove ignition coils.
5. Remove spark plugs.
IClean area around plug with compressed air before removing
the spark plug.
6. Attach a compression tester to No. 1 cylinder.
7. Depress accelerator pedal fully to keep throttle valve wide
open.
8. Crank engine and record highest gauge indication.
9. Repeat the measurement on each cylinder as shown above.
IAlways use a fully-charged battery to obtain specified
engine speed.
Compression pressure: kPa (bar, kg/cm
2, psi)/rpm
Standard
1,324 (13.24, 13.5, 192)/350
Minimum
1,128 (11.28, 11.5, 164)/350
Maximum allowable difference between cylinders
98 (0.98, 1.0, 14)/300
10. If cylinder compression in one or more cylinders is low, pour a
small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark
plug hole and retest compression.
IIf adding oil improves cylinder compression, piston rings
may be worn or damaged. If so, replace piston rings after
checking piston.
IIf pressure stays low, a valve may be sticking or seating
improperly. Inspect and repair valve and valve seat. Refer
to SDS, EM-178. If valve or valve seat is damaged
excessively, replace them.
IIf compression in any two adjacent cylinders is low and if add-
ing oil does not improve compression, there is leakage past the
gasket surface. If so, replace cylinder head gasket.
11. Reinstall spark plugs, ignition coils and fuel pump fuse.
12. Perform ªSelf-diagnosis Procedureº referring to EC section.
Erase DTC if any DTC appears.
SEM973E
AEM308 20 mm (0.79 in) dia.
Use compression tester whose end (rubber
portion) is less than 20 mm (0.79 in) dia.
Otherwise, it may be caught by cylinder
head during removal.
MEASUREMENT OF COMPRESSION PRESSUREQG
EM-16

PressureNCEM0019S1302Check valve spring pressure at specified spring height.
Pressure:
Standard
370.0 N (37.73 kg, 83.19 lb) at 23.64 mm
(0.9307 in)
Limit
More than 347.8 N (35.46 kg, 78.19 lb) at
23.64 mm (0.9307 in)
If it exceeds the limit, replace spring.
VALVE LIFTER AND VALVE SHIMNCEM0019S161. Check contact and sliding surfaces for wear or scratches.
2. Check diameter of valve lifter and valve lifter guide bore.
Valve lifter outside diameter:
29.960 - 29.975 mm (1.1795 - 1.1801 in)
Lifter guide inside diameter:
30.000 - 30.021 mm (1.1811 - 1.1819 in)
Clearance between valve lifter and valve lifter guide:
0.025 - 0.065 mm (0.0010 - 0.0024 in)
If it exceeds the limit, replace valve lifter or cylinder head which
exceeds the standard diameter tolerance.
Valve ClearanceNCEM0041CHECKINGNCEM0041S01Check valve clearance while engine is warm and not running.
1. Remove rocker cover.
2. Remove all spark plugs.
3. Set No. 1 cylinder at TDC on its compression stroke.
IAlign pointer with TDC mark on crankshaft pulley.
ICheck that valve lifters on No. 1 cylinder are loose and valve
lifters on No. 4 are tight.
EM113
SEM160D
SEM161D
SEM920F
SEM921F Pointer
Timing
mark
Crankshaft pulley
CYLINDER HEADQG
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-40

IIf not, turn crankshaft one revolution (360É) and align as
described above.
4. Check only those valves shown in the figure.
IUsing a feeler gauge, measure clearance between valve lifter
and camshaft.
IRecord any valve clearance measurements which are out of
specification. They will be used later to determine the required
replacement adjusting shim.
Valve clearance for checking (Hot):
Intake
0.21 - 0.49 mm (0.008 - 0.019 in)
Exhaust
0.30 - 0.58 mm (0.012 - 0.023 in)
5. Turn crankshaft one revolution (360É) and align mark on crank-
shaft pulley with pointer.
6. Check only those valves shown in the figure.
IUse the same procedure as mentioned in step 4.
7. If all valve clearances are within specification, install the fol-
lowing parts:
IRocker cover
IAll spark plugs
ADJUSTINGNCEM0041S02Adjust valve clearance while engine is cold.
1. Turn crankshaft. Position cam lobe upward on camshaft for
valve that must be adjusted.
2. Place Tool (A) around camshaft as shown in figure.
Before placing Tool (A), rotate notch toward center of cylinder
head. (See figure.) This will simplify shim removal later.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage cam surface with Tool (A).
SEM922F INT
EXH
Engine front
No. 4 No. 3 No. 2 No. 1
.SEM139D
SEM923F INT
EXH
Engine front
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3 No. 4
SEM941F Tool (A) KV10115110
Notch
CYLINDER HEADQG
Valve Clearance (Cont'd)
EM-41

Measurement of Compression Pressure
1. Warm up engine.
2. Turn ignition switch off.
3. Release fuel pressure.
Refer to ªReleasing Fuel Pressureº in EC-section.
4. Remove all spark plugs.
5. Disconnect distributor center cable.
6. Attach a compression tester to No. 1 cylinder.
7. Depress accelerator pedal fully to keep throttle valve wide
open.
8. Crank engine and record highest gauge indication.
9. Repeat the measurement for each cylinder.
IAlways use a fully-charged battery to obtain specified
engine revolution.
Compression pressure:
kPa (bar, kg/cm2, psi)/300 rpm
Standard 1,275 (12.75, 13.0, 185)
Minimum 1,079 (10.79, 11.0, 156)
Difference limit between cylinders 98 (0.98, 1.0, 14)
10. If cylinder compression in one or more cylinders is low:
A: pour a small amount of engine oil into cylinders through
spark plug holes.
B: retest compression.
IIf adding oil helps compression, piston rings may be worn
or damaged. If so, replace piston rings after checking pis-
ton condition.
IIf pressure stays low, a valve may be sticking or seating
badly. Inspect and repair valve and valve seat. (Refer to
SDS). If valve or valve seat is damaged excessively,
replace them.
IIf compression stays low in two cylinders that are next to
each other:
A. The cylinder head gasket may be leaking, or
B. Both cylinders may have valve component damage.
Inspect and repair as necessary.
SEM968C
NEM118 20 mm (0.79 in) dia
Compression tester rubber adaptor
diameter should be less than 20 mm (0.79 in)
to prevent fouling with cylinder head.
COMPRESSION PRESSURESR20DE
Measurement of Compression Pressure
EM-69

VALVE OIL SEAL
1. Remove accelerator cable.
2. Remove rocker cover and oil separator.
3. Remove camshafts and sprockets.
Refer to ªRemovalº in ªCYLINDER HEADº (EM-87).
4. Remove spark plugs.
5. Install air hose adapter into spark plug hole and apply air
pressure to hold valves in place. Apply a pressure of 490 kPa
(4.9 bar, 5 kg/cm
2, 71 psi).
6. Remove rocker arm, rocker arm guide and shim.
7. Remove valve spring with Tool.
Piston concerned should be set at TDC to prevent valve from
falling.
8. Remove valve oil seal.
9. Apply engine oil to new valve oil seal and install it with Tool.
FRONT OIL SEAL
1. Remove the following parts:
IEngine undercover
IFront RH wheel and engine side cover
IDrive belts
ICrankshaft pulley
2. Remove front oil seal.
Be careful not to scratch front cover.
SEM077D
SEM604E Compressor assemblyAttachment
SEM994C
SEM358E
10.7 mm
(0.421 in)
KV10115600
SEM997C
OIL SEAL REPLACEMENTSR20DE
EM-84

Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines
(Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year)
QG16DE/QG18DE/SR20DE engines
Abbreviations: R = Replace I = Inspect: Correct or replace if necessary [ ] = At the specified mileage only
MAINTENANCE OPERATION MAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Perform on a kilometer basis, but on
an annual basis when driving less
than 15,000 km (9,000 miles) per yearkm×1,000 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120
(miles×1,000) (9) (18) (27) (36) (45) (54) (63) (72)
Months 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96QG16DE/
QG18DESR20DE
Engine compartment and under vehicleReference pages
Engine oil (Use recommended oil)*RRRRRRRRMA-24 MA-34
Engine oil filter (Use NISSAN genuine
part or equivalent)*RRRRRRRRMA-24 MA-35
Drive beltsIIIIIIIIMA-18 MA-28
Cooling systemIIIIIIIIMA-21 MA-31
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use genuine
NISSAN Anti-Freeze Coolant (L2N) or
equivalent)See NOTE (1) MA-19 MA-29
Air cleaner filter* R R MA-23 MA-34
Intake and exhaust valve clearance
(Non HLA models)See NOTE (2) EM-92—
Fuel and vapour linesIIIIMA-22/MA-26MA-33/
MA-37
Spark plugs (Conventional type)RRRRMA-25 MA-35
Ignition leads I I—MA-36
Fuel filter*R MA-23 MA-33
Heated oxygen sensor* See NOTE (3)MA-27,
EC-QG-134/
EC-QG-173MA-38,
EC-SR-146/
EC-SR-182
PCVsystem IIIIMA-26MA-36
NOTE: (1) First replace at 90,000 km (54,000 miles)/72 months, then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)/48 months.
(2) Periodic maintenance is not required for QG engine models. However, if valve noise increases, check valve clear-
ance.
(3) Perform only according to“Maintenance under severe driving conditions”.
* Maintenance items with“*”should be performed more frequently according to“Maintenance under severe driv-
ing conditions”.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
MA-6