horn NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: NISSAN, Model Year: 2014, Model line: ROGUE SELECT, Model: NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.GPages: 323, PDF Size: 3.05 MB
Page 14 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (12,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
0-6Illustrated table of contents
S35-D-110201-8C8F180E-0520-4D0C-9AA2-07D387D3F374
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator (P.4-7)
2. Headlight, fog light* a](/img/5/395/w960_395-13.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (12,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
0-6Illustrated table of contents
S35-D-110201-8C8F180E-0520-4D0C-9AA2-07D387D3F374
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator (P.4-7)
2. Headlight, fog light* a")
Black plate (12,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
0-6Illustrated table of contents
S35-D-110201-8C8F180E-0520-4D0C-9AA2-07D387D3F374
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator (P.4-7)
2. Headlight, fog light* and turn signal switch(P.2-31)
3. Steering-wheel-mounted controls (left side)*
— Audio control* (P.4-38)
— Bluetooth
®Hands-Free Phone System con-
trol* (P.4-41) 4. Steering wheel
— Horn (P.2-33)
— Driver supplemental air bag (P.1-39)
— Electric power steering system (P.5-25)
5. Meters and gauges (P.2-4)
6. Steering-wheel-mounted controls (right side) — Cruise control switches* (P.5-17) 7. Wiper and washer switch (P.2-28)
8. Center ventilator (P.4-7)
9. Hazard warning flasher switch (P.6-2)
10. Audio system (P.4-12)
— Clock (P.4-22, P.4-31)
— Rear view monitor* (P.4-2)
11. Front passenger supplemental air bag (P.1-39)
12. Outside remote mirror control switch (P.3-14)
13. All-Wheel Drive (AWD) LOCK switch* (P.5-21)
14. Fuse box cover (P.8-20)
15. Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) OFF switch (P.2-33, P.5-27)
16. Hood release handle (P.3-9)
17. Tilting steering wheel lever (P.3-13)
18. Parking brake (P.5-17)
19. Ignition switch (P.5-10)
20. Sport mode switch (P.5-14)
21. Power outlet (P.2-33)
22. Heater/air conditioner control (P.4-8)
23 Shift lever (P.5-12)
24. Front passenger air bag status light (P.1-46)
25. Rear window defroster switch (P.2-30)
26. Glove box (P.2-36)
*: if so equipped
INSTRUMENT PANEL
Condition:
Page 73 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (71,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
2 Instruments and controls
Instrument panel...
........................................................................\
2-3
Meters and gauges .](/img/5/395/w960_395-72.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (71,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
2 Instruments and controls
Instrument panel...
........................................................................\
2-3
Meters and gauges .")
Black plate (71,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
2 Instruments and controls
Instrument panel...
........................................................................\
2-3
Meters and gauges ...
................................................................... 2-4
Speedometer ...
........................................................................\
2-5
Odometer/twin trip odometer ...
.......................................... 2-5
Tachometer ...
........................................................................\
... 2-6
Engine coolant temperature gauge ...
................................ 2-6
Fuel gauge ...
........................................................................\
.... 2-7
Instrument brightness control ...
.......................................... 2-8
Warning/indicator lights and audible reminders ...
............... 2-9
Checking bulbs ...
................................................................. 2-10
Warning lights ...
................................................................... 2-10
Indicator lights ...
................................................................... 2-14
Audible reminders ...
............................................................ 2-16
Vehicle information display ...
.................................................. 2-17
Outside air temperature ...
.................................................. 2-17
Indicators for operation ...
................................................... 2-19
Indicators for maintenance ...
............................................. 2-21
Trip computer ...
.................................................................... 2-22
Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)
position indicator ...
.............................................................. 2-25
Security systems ...
.................................................................... 2-26
Vehicle Security System ...
................................................. 2-26
NISSAN Vehicle Immobilizer System ...
.......................... 2-27 Windshield wiper and washer switch
...
.............................. 2-28
Rear window wiper and washer switch ...
.......................... 2-29
Rear window defroster switch ...
........................................... 2-30
Headlight and turn signal switch ...
....................................... 2-31
Headlight switch ...
............................................................ 2-31
Turn signal switch ...
.......................................................... 2-32
Fog light switch (if so equipped) ...
.............................. 2-32
Horn ...
........................................................................\
.................. 2-33
Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) OFF switch ...
................. 2-33
Power outlet ...
........................................................................\
.... 2-33
Storage ...
........................................................................\
............ 2-34
Cup holders ...
..................................................................... 2-34
Sunglasses holder ...
......................................................... 2-35
Glove box ...
........................................................................\
. 2-36
Console box ...
.................................................................... 2-37
Luggage floor box (if so equipped) ...
.......................... 2-37
Luggage side box ...
.......................................................... 2-38
Cargo cover (if so equipped) ...
..................................... 2-38
Luggage hooks ...
............................................................... 2-39
Coat hooks ...
...................................................................... 2-40
Utility hook ...
....................................................................... 2-40
Roof rack (if so equipped) ...
.......................................... 2-40
Condition:
>
Page 75 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (73,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-A7D4030A-2862-489B-A7AF-66159DF04F04
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator
2. Headlight, fog light (if so equipped) and turnsignal switch
3. S](/img/5/395/w960_395-74.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (73,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-A7D4030A-2862-489B-A7AF-66159DF04F04
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator
2. Headlight, fog light (if so equipped) and turnsignal switch
3. S")
Black plate (73,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-A7D4030A-2862-489B-A7AF-66159DF04F04
JVC0578X
1. Side ventilator
2. Headlight, fog light (if so equipped) and turnsignal switch
3. Steering-wheel-mounted controls (left side) (if so equipped)
— Audio control
— Bluetooth
®Hands-Free Phone system con- trol
4. Steering wheel — Horn
— Driver supplemental air bag
5. Meters and gauges
6. Steering-wheel-mounted controls (right side) — Cruise control switches (if so equipped) 7. Wiper and washer switch
8. Center ventilator
9. Hazard warning flasher switch
10. Audio system
— Clock
— Rear view monitor (if so equipped)
11. Front passenger supplemental air bag
12. Outside remote mirror control switch
13. All-Wheel Drive (AWD) LOCK switch (if so equipped)
14. Fuse box cover
15. Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) OFF switch
16. Hood release handle
17. Tilting steering wheel lever
18. Parking brake
19. Ignition switch
20. Sport mode switch
21. Power outlet
22. Heater/air conditioner control
23. Shift lever
24. Front passenger air bag status light
25. Rear window defroster switch
26. Glove box
Instruments and controls2-3
INSTRUMENT PANEL
Condition:
Page 99 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (97,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
security system is now pre-armed. After
about 30 seconds the vehicle security
system automatically shifts into the armed
phase. The security ligh](/img/5/395/w960_395-98.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (97,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
security system is now pre-armed. After
about 30 seconds the vehicle security
system automatically shifts into the armed
phase. The security ligh")
Black plate (97,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
security system is now pre-armed. After
about 30 seconds the vehicle security
system automatically shifts into the armed
phase. The security light begins to flash
once every approximately 3 seconds. If,
during this 30-second pre-arm time period,
the door is unlocked, or the ignition switch is
turned to the ACC or ON position, the
system will not arm.
Even when the driver and/or passengers
are in the vehicle, the system will activate
with all doors locked with the ignition
switch in the LOCK position. When turning
the ignition switch to the ACC or ON
position, the system will be released.
Vehicle security system activationGUID-E0994200-F9B0-476C-AF5D-4AFA2F5FF981The vehicle security system will give the follow-
ing alarm:
. The headlights blink and the horn sounds
intermittently.
. The alarm automatically turns off after
approximately 50 seconds. However, the
alarm reactivates if the vehicle is tampered
with again.
The alarm is activated by:
. Unlocking the door without using the keyfob,
or the key. (Even if the door is opened by
releasing the door inside lock knob, the alarm will activate.)
How to stop an activated alarmGUID-22EF1D00-401F-445E-9D49-7B8AEBA716D0The alarm will stop by unlocking a door by
pushing the unlock button
on the keyfob, or
using the key. The alarm will not stop if the
ignition switch is turned to the ACC or ON
position.
If the system does not operate as de-
scribed above, have it checked by a
NISSAN dealer.
NISSAN VEHICLE IMMOBILIZER SYS-
TEM
GUID-52296442-4547-4FA1-9662-0A05BE6E48F5The NISSAN Vehicle Immobilizer System will not
allow the engine to start without the use of the
registered key.
If the engine fails to start using the registered
key, it may be due to interference caused by
another registered key, an automated toll road
device or automated payment device on the key
ring. Restart the engine using the following
procedures:
1. Leave the ignition switch in the ON position for approximately 5 seconds.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF or LOCK position and wait approximately 10 seconds.
3. Repeat step 1 and 2 again. 4. Restart the engine while holding the device
(which may have caused the interference)
separate from the registered key.
If this procedure allows the engine to start,
NISSAN recommends placing the regis-
tered key on a separate key ring to avoid
interference from other devices.
Statement related to section 15 of FCC
rules for NISSAN Vehicle Immobilizer
System (CONT ASSY-BCM. ANT ASSY-
IMMOBILISER)
FCC Notice:
This device complies with Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) This device
may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interfer-
ence received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
NOTE:
Changes or modifications not expressly
approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority
to operate the equipment.
Instruments and controls2-27
Condition:
Page 105 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (103,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-6910BDF6-7620-4A3A-A2E3-EA42F9846A63
SIC3404
To sound the horn, push the center pad area of
the steering wheel.
WARNING
Do not disa](/img/5/395/w960_395-104.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (103,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-6910BDF6-7620-4A3A-A2E3-EA42F9846A63
SIC3404
To sound the horn, push the center pad area of
the steering wheel.
WARNING
Do not disa")
Black plate (103,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
S35-D-110201-6910BDF6-7620-4A3A-A2E3-EA42F9846A63
SIC3404
To sound the horn, push the center pad area of
the steering wheel.
WARNING
Do not disassemble the horn. Doing so
could affect proper operation of the
supplemental front air bag system.
Tampering with the supplemental front
air bag system may result in serious
personal injury.
S35-D-110201-A6E4B20D-7614-4546-90DD-DBDB4900E03B
SSD1153
The vehicle should be driven with the Vehicle
Dynamic Control (VDC) system on for most
driving conditions.
If the vehicle is stuck in mud or snow, the VDC
system reduces the engine output to reduce
wheel spin. The engine speed will be reduced
even if the accelerator is depressed to the floor.
If maximum engine power is needed to free a
stuck vehicle, turn the VDC system off.
To turn off the VDC system, push the VDC OFF
switch. The
indicator light will illuminate.
Push the VDC OFF switch again or restart the
engine to turn on the system. (See “Vehicle
Dynamic Control (VDC) system” (P.5-27) .)
S35-D-110201-C63091BC-C543-488A-8F3D-AFA12FC37391
SIC3492
Instrument panel
SIC3493
Center console
Instruments and controls2-33
HORN VEHICLE DYNAMIC CONTROL (VDC)
OFF SWITCHPOWER OUTLET
Condition:
Page 124 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (122,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-6Pre-driving checks and adjustments
NISSAN dealer.
For information regarding the replacement of a
battery, see “Battery replacement” (P.8-](/img/5/395/w960_395-123.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (122,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-6Pre-driving checks and adjustments
NISSAN dealer.
For information regarding the replacement of a
battery, see “Battery replacement” (P.8-")
Black plate (122,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-6Pre-driving checks and adjustments
NISSAN dealer.
For information regarding the replacement of a
battery, see “Battery replacement” (P.8-22).
JVP0275X
*1LOCK button
*2UNLOCK button
*3PANIC button
*4Battery indicator light
HOW TO USE REMOTE KEYLESS
ENTRY SYSTEM
S35-D-110201-CA37B8F2-FD76-4255-B48E-4F80A3B5B847
Locking doorsS35-D-110201-6A487745-4220-4149-BAAE-6CE6914737691. Remove the key from the ignition switch.
2. Close all the doors.
3. Push the LOCK
button*1on the
keyfob.
4. All the doors will lock. All of the doors will lock when the LOCK
button is pushed even though a door
remains open.
5. The hazard indicator flashes twice and the horn chirps once.
. When the LOCK
button is pushed with
all doors locked, the hazard indicator flashes
twice and the horn chirps once as a
reminder that the doors are already locked.
. Operate the door handles to confirm that the
doors have been securely locked.
Unlocking doorsS35-D-110201-29B39298-D051-4CAC-95C7-6FD65C0E8B701. Push the UNLOCKbutton*2on the
keyfob.
.The driver’s door unlocks..The hazard indicator flashes once if all doors are completely closed.
2. Push the UNLOCK
button again within
5 seconds.
.All the doors and the lift gate unlock..The hazard indicator flashes once if all doors are completely closed.
All doors will be locked automatically unless one
of the following operations is performed within 1
minute of pushing the UNLOCK
button.
. Any door or lift gate is opened.
. The ignition switch is turned to the ON
position.
Condition:
Page 125 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (123,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
Using panic alarmS35-D-110201-1BFE353E-D31D-455C-84CE-1BA2297CF9C6If you are near your vehicle and feel threatened,
you may activate the alarm t](/img/5/395/w960_395-124.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (123,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
Using panic alarmS35-D-110201-1BFE353E-D31D-455C-84CE-1BA2297CF9C6If you are near your vehicle and feel threatened,
you may activate the alarm t")
Black plate (123,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
Using panic alarmS35-D-110201-1BFE353E-D31D-455C-84CE-1BA2297CF9C6If you are near your vehicle and feel threatened,
you may activate the alarm to call attention as
follows:
1. Push the PANIC
button*3on the
keyfob for more than 1 second.
2. The theft warning alarm and headlights will stay on for 25 seconds.
3. The panic alarm stops when:
.It has run for 25 seconds, or.Any of the buttons on the keyfob is pushed. (Note: the PANIC button must
be pushed for more than 1 second.)
Battery indicator lightGUID-4BEFDF18-3946-464F-9CD9-A429F59D8F97The battery indicator light*4illuminates when
you push any button. If the light does not
illuminate, the battery is weak or needs replace-
ment. For information regarding replacement of
a battery, see “Battery replacement” (P.8-22) .
Setting hazard indicator and horn modeS35-D-110201-9248839D-3D23-438A-9E35-5533D7B6AFCAThis vehicle is set in hazard indicator and horn
mode when you first receive the vehicle.
In hazard indicator and horn mode, when the
LOCK
button*1is pushed, the hazard
indicator flashes twice and the horn chirps once.
When the UNLOCK
button*2is pushed,
the hazard indicator flashes once.
If the horn chirp is not necessary, you can switch
to hazard indicator only mode by following the
switching procedure.
In hazard indicator only mode, when the LOCK
button is pushed, the hazard indicator
flashes twice. When the UNLOCK
button is
pushed, neither the hazard indicator nor the horn
operates.
Pre-driving checks and adjustments3-7
Condition:
Page 126 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (124,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-8Pre-driving checks and adjustments
Mode (Pushing theorbutton)DOOR LOCK DOOR UNLOCK
Hazard indicator and horn mode HAZARD -
twice
HORN - once](/img/5/395/w960_395-125.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (124,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-8Pre-driving checks and adjustments
Mode (Pushing theorbutton)DOOR LOCK DOOR UNLOCK
Hazard indicator and horn mode HAZARD -
twice
HORN - once")
Black plate (124,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
3-8Pre-driving checks and adjustments
Mode (Pushing theorbutton)DOOR LOCK DOOR UNLOCK
Hazard indicator and horn mode HAZARD -
twice
HORN - once HAZARD -
once
HORN - none
Hazard indicator mode HAZARD - twiceHAZARD - noneSwitching procedure:GUID-D73A39BF-43C8-459F-9C24-47B7F579C407To switch the hazard indicator and horn opera-
tion, push the LOCK
*1and UNLOCK
*2buttons on the keyfob simultaneously
for more than 2 seconds.
. When the hazard indicator mode is set, the
hazard indicator flashes 3 times.
. When the hazard indicator and horn mode is
set, the hazard indicator flashes once and
the horn chirps once.
NOS1695
Condition:
Page 316 of 323
![NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (314,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
10-2
Drive belts...
..................................................................... 8-14
Driving All-wheel drive (AWD) ...
...............](/img/5/395/w960_395-315.png "NISSAN ROGUE SELECT 2014 2.G Owners Manual Black plate (314,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
10-2
Drive belts...
..................................................................... 8-14
Driving All-wheel drive (AWD) ...
...............")
Black plate (314,1)
[ Edit: 2013/ 10/ 22 Model: S35-D ]
10-2
Drive belts...
..................................................................... 8-14
Driving All-wheel drive (AWD) ...
........................................ 5-21
Cold weather driving ...
........................................... 5-29
Distance (miles or km) ...
........................................ 2-24
Driving with CVT (Continuously
Variable Transmission) ...
............................. 5-10, 5-12
On-pavement and off-road driving ...
..................... 5-6
Precautions when starting and driving ...
.............. 5-2
Safety precautions ...
.................................................. 5-7
E
Economy, Fuel ...
.............................................................. 5-20
Elapsed time ...
................................................................. 2-24
Electric power steering system ...
............................... 5-25
Electric power steering warning light ...
.................... 2-11
Emission control information label ...
.......................... 9-10
Emission control system warranty ...
........................... 9-26
Engine Before starting the engine ...
................................. 5-11
Break-in schedule ...
................................................ 5-19
Capacities and
recommended fuel/lubricants ...
............................... 9-2
Changing engine coolant ...
...................................... 8-8
Changing engine oil and filter ...
.............................. 8-9
Checking engine coolant level ...
............................. 8-8
Checking engine oil level ...
...................................... 8-9
Coolant temperature gauge ...
................................. 2-6
Engine compartment check locations ...
................ 8-6
Engine cooling system ...
........................................... 8-7
Engine oil ...
................................................................... 8-9
Engine oil and oil filter recommendation ...
........... 9-5
Engine oil viscosity ...
.................................................. 9-5
Engine serial number ...
.............................................. 9-9
Engine specifications ...
............................................. 9-7
If your vehicle overheats ...
..................................... 6-11 Starting the engine
...
.............................................. 5-11
Event Data Recorders (EDR) ...
................................... 9-27
Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide) ...
................................ 5-2
Extended storage fuse warning ...
............................... 2-20
Exterior light indicator ...
................................................ 2-14
F
F.M.V.S.S. certification label ...
....................................... 9-9
Filter Air cleaner housing filter ...
.................................... 8-16
Changing engine oil and filter ...
.............................. 8-9
Flashers (See hazard warning flasher switch) ...
....... 6-2
Flat tire ...
............................................................................. 6-2
Flat towing ...
.................................................................... 9-24
Floor mat cleaning ...
........................................................ 7-5
Fluid Brake fluid ...
.............................................................. 8-11
Capacities and
recommended fuel/lubricants ...
............................... 9-2
Continuously Variable Transmission
(CVT) fluid ...
.............................................................. 8-11
Engine coolant ...
......................................................... 8-7
Engine oil ...
................................................................... 8-9
Window washer fluid ...
.......................................... 8-12
FM-AM radio with Compact Disc (CD) player ...
.... 4-22
FM-AM-SAT radio with Compact Disc
(CD) player ...
................................................................... 4-30
Fog light switch ...
........................................................... 2-32
Front manual seat adjustment ...
.................................... 1-3
Front passenger air bag and status light ...
.............. 1-46
Front seat, Front seat adjustment ...
............................. 1-3
Fuel Capacities and
recommended fuel/lubricants ...
............................... 9-2
Fuel economy ...
........................................................ 5-20
Fuel octane rating ...
................................................... 9-3 Fuel recommendation
...
............................................. 9-3
Fuel-filler cap ...
......................................................... 3-11
Fuel-filler door ...
....................................................... 3-11
Gauge ...
........................................................................ 2-7
Loose fuel cap warning ...
........................... 2-19, 3-12
Fuel efficient driving tips ...
........................................... 5-19
Fuses ...
.............................................................................. 8-19
Fusible links ...
.................................................................. 8-20G
Gas cap ...
......................................................................... 3-11
Gauge ...
.............................................................................. 2-4
Engine coolant temperature gauge ...
.................... 2-6
Fuel gauge ...
................................................................ 2-7
Tachometer ...
............................................................... 2-6
Trip computer ...
........................................................ 2-22
General maintenance ...
................................................... 8-2
Glove box ...
...................................................................... 2-36
H
Hands-Free Phone System, Bluetooth®...
............... 4-41
Hazard warning flasher switch ...
................................... 6-2
Head restraints/headrests ...
........................................... 1-5
Headlights Bulb replacement ...
................................................. 8-25
Headlight switch ...
................................................... 2-31
Heater Heater and air conditioner operation ...
................. 4-8
Hood release ...
.................................................................. 3-9
Hook Coat hooks ...
............................................................ 2-40
Luggage hook ...
....................................................... 2-39
Utility hook ...
............................................................. 2-40
Horn ...
................................................................................ 2-33
Condition: