coolant temperature NISSAN X-TRAIL 2001 Service Repair Manual

TERMINOLOGY
GI-45
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TERMINOLOGYPFP:00011
SAE J1930 Terminology List EAS000GH
All emission related terms used in this publication in accordance with SAE J1930 are listed. Accordingly, new
terms, new acronyms/abbreviations and old terms are listed in the following chart.
NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Air cleaner ACL Air cleaner
Barometric pressure BARO ***
Barometric pressure sensor-BCDD BAROS-BCDD BCDD
Camshaft position CMP ***
Camshaft position sensor CMPS Crank angle sensor
Canister *** Canister
Carburetor CARB Carburetor
Charge air cooler CAC Intercooler
Closed loop CL Closed loop
Closed throttle position switch CTP switch Idle switch
Clutch pedal position switch CPP switch Clutch switch
Continuous fuel injection system CFI system ***
Continuous trap oxidizer system CTOX system ***
Crankshaft position CKP ***
Crankshaft position sensor CKPS ***
Data link connector DLC ***
Data link connector for CONSULT-II DLC for CONSULT-II Diagnostic connector for CONSULT-II
Diagnostic test mode DTM Diagnostic mode
Diagnostic test mode selector DTM selector Diagnostic mode selector
Diagnostic test mode I DTM I Mode I
Diagnostic test mode II DTM II Mode II
Diagnostic trouble code DTC Malfunction code
Direct fuel injection system DFI system ***
Distributor ignition system DI system Ignition timing control
Early fuel evaporation-mixture heater EFE-mixture heater Mixture heater
Early fuel evaporation system EFE system Mixture heater control
Electrically erasable programmable read
only memoryEEPROM ***
Electronic ignition system EI system Ignition timing control
Engine control EC ***
Engine control module ECM ECCS control unit
Engine coolant temperature ECT Engine temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor ECTS Engine temperature sensor
Engine modification EM ***
Engine speed RPM Engine speed
Erasable programmable read only memory EPROM ***
Evaporative emission canister EVAP canister Canister
Evaporative emission system EVAP system Canister control solenoid valve
Exhaust gas recirculation valve EGR valve EGR valve

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-183
[YD22DDTi]
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a. Turn the ignition switch to “OFF”.
b. Disconnect battery negative terminal.
c. Install glow plug and install all the parts removed in step 4.
d. Install fuel supply pump fuse [ENG CONT (20A)].
e. Connect battery negative terminal.
f. Using CONSULT-II make sure no error code is indicated for items of self-diagnosis.
Removal and InstallationEBS00LRW
CAUTION:
Apply new engine oil to parts marked in illustration before installation.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-29, "Changing Engine Coolant" .
2. Remove the following parts:
●Charge air cooler (Refer to EM-122, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Rocker cover (Refer to EM-156, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Air cleaner and air duct (Refer to EM-120, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Vacuum pump (Refer to EM-139, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Injection tube, spill tube and fuel injector (Refer to EM-144, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Intake manifold (Refer to EM-123, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Exhaust manifold and Turbocharger (Refer to EM-127, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Secondary timing chain (Refer to EM-167, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Camshaft (Refer to EM-158, "Removal and Installation" .)
SBIA0193E
1. Glow plug 2. Cylinder head assembly 3. Cylinder head bolt
4. Thermal transmitter 5. Engine coolant temperature sensor 6. Gasket
7. Water outlet 8. Glow plate

EM-186
[YD22DDTi]
CYLINDER HEAD
*: Measured with head bolts tightened
2. Apply a continuous bead of Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent
on the surface shown in the figure.
A: Apply bead so that it does not protrude into oil passage. Refer
to E M - 111 , "
Precautions For Liquid Gasket" .
B: Minimize the overlapping area of the bead, with start and end
areas of bead as shown in the figure.
Apply so that the portion marked * comes at an external loca-
tion but cannot be viewed externally after engine is assembled.
3. Install cylinder head assembly.
●Tighten bolts in numerical order as shown in the figure
according to the following procedure:
a. Apply engine oil to bolt threads and seat surfaces.
b. Tighten bolts to 29 to 38 N·m (2.9 to 3.9 kg-m, 21 to 28 ft-lb).
c. Tighten 180° to 185° [target: 180°] (angular tightening).
d. Loosen completely to 0 N·m (0 kg-m, 0 in-lb) in the reverse order
of that shown in the figure.
e. Tighten bolts to 35 to 44 N·m (3.5 to 4.5 kg-m, 26 to 32 ft-lb).
f. Tighten 90° to 95° [target: 90°] (angular tightening)
g. Tighten another 90° to 95° [target: 90°] (angular tightening).
●When an angle wrench is not used, paint an alignment
mark on the head of cylinder head bolt and cylinder head
surface before tightening. Check the angle with a protrac-
tor.
4. Install glow plug.
●To avoid damage, glow plugs should be removed only
when required.
●Handle with care to avoid applying shock. When dropped
from approx. 100 mm (3.94 in) or higher, always replace
with a new one.
●Before installing, remove carbon depositing on mounting hole of glow plug with a reamer.
5. Install engine coolant temperature sensor and thermal transmitter.
PBIC1256E
JEM149G
JEM166G

EM-230
[YD22DDTi]
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
Common rail51.0 - 64.0 (5.2 - 6.5, 38 - 47)
Fuel supply pump51.0 - 56.0 (5.2 - 5.7, 38 - 41)
Fuel supply pump sprocket 37.0 - 41.0 (3.8 - 4.2, 28 - 30)
Fuel supply pump rear bracket 27.0 - 37.0 (2.8 - 3.8, 20 - 27)
Front chain case
6.9 - 8.8 (0.7 - 0.9, 61 - 78)*
2
Chain tensioner
8.5 - 10.7 (0.86 - 1.1, 75 - 95)*2
Tension guide21.0 - 26.0 (2.1 - 2.7, 16 - 19)
Slack guide21.0 - 26.0 (2.1 - 2.7, 16 - 19)
Camshaft sprocket 138 - 147 (14.0 - 15.0, 102 - 108)
Fuel supply pump sprocket 38.0 - 41.0 (3.8 - 4.2, 28 - 30)
Oil pump12.0 - 13.0 (1.3 - 1.4, 9 - 10)
Power steering pump51.0 - 56.0 (5.2 - 5.8, 38 - 41)
Rear chain case12.0 - 13.0 (1.2 - 1.4, 19 - 10)
Engine coolant temperature sensor 12.0 - 15.0 (1.2 - 1.6, 9 - 11)
*1 Cylinder head 1) 29 - 38 (2.9 - 3.9, 21 - 28)
2) 180° to 185°
3) 0 (0, 0)
4) 35 to 44 (3.5 - 4.5, 26 - 32)
5) 90° to 95°(angle tightening)
6) 90° to 95° (angle tightening)
Water outlet21 - 28 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Glow plug18.0 - 21.0 (1.8 - 2.2, 13 - 15)
*1 Flywheel103 - 112 (10.5 - 11.5, 76 - 83)
Oil pressure switch13.0 - 17.0 (1.25 - 1.75, 9 - 12)
Oil jet6.1 - 10.7(0.62 - 1.1, 54 - 95)
Oil jet relief valve40 - 58 (4.0 - 6.0, 29 - 43)
Rear oil seal retainer12.0 - 13.0 (1.2 - 1.4, 9 - 10)

ENGINE OIL
LU-7
[QR]
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ENGINE OILPFP:KLA92
InspectionEBS00KO3
ENGINE OIL LEVEL
●Before starting the engine, put vehicle horizontally then check
the engine oil level. If the engine is already started, stop it and
allow 10 minutes before checking.
●Check that the engine oil level is within the range shown in the
figure.
●If it is out of range, adjust it.
ENGINE OIL APPEARANCE
●Check the engine oil for white turbidity or remarkable contamination.
●If the engine oil becomes turbid and white, it is highly probable that it is contaminated with engine coolant.
Find the cause and repair.
ENGINE OIL LEAKAGE
Check for engine oil leakage around the following area.
●Oil pan
●Oil pan drain plug
●Oil pressure switch
●Oil filter
●Oil cooler
●Intake valve timing control cover and intake valve timing control solenoid valve
●Front cover
●Mating surface between cylinder block and cylinder head
●Mating surface between cylinder head and rocker cover
●Crankshaft oil seal.
OIL PRESSURE CHECK
WARNING:
●Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.
●Engine oil pressure check should be done in “ Parking
position” (A/T model) or “Neutral position” (M/T model).
1. Check engine oil level. Refer to LU-7, "
ENGINE OIL LEVEL" .
2. Remove the undercover.
3. Remove the oil pressure switch to connect the oil pressure
gauge.
4. After warming up the engine, check that oil pressure corre-
sponding to the engine speed is produced.
Engine oil pressure [Engine oil temperature at 80 °C (176 °F)]
5. After checking, install the oil pressure switch as follows.
a. Remove old sealant adhering to the switch and engine.
b. Apply thread sealant.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
PBIC0249E
KBIA0275E
Engine speed (rpm) Idle speed 2,000 6,000
Engine pressure
kPa (bar, kg/cm
2 , psi)Approx. 98 (0.98, 1.0, 14) or more Approx. 294 (2.9, 3.0, 43) or more Approx. 392 (3.9, 4.0, 57) or more

LU-18
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE OIL
ENGINE OIL
PFP:KLA92
InspectionEBS00B03
ENGINE OIL LEVEL AND MUDDINESS
●Before starting the engine, put vehicle horizontally then check
the engine oil level. If the engine is already started, stop it and
allow 10 minutes before checking.
●Check that the engine oil level is within the range shown in the
figure.
●If it is out of range, adjust it.
●Check the engine oil for white turbidity or remarkable contamina-
tion.
●If the engine oil becomes turbid and white, it is highly probable
that it is contaminated with engine coolant. Find the cause and
repair.
ENGINE OIL LEAKAGE
Check for engine oil leakage around the following area.
●Oil pan
●Oil pan drain plug
●Oil pressure switch
●Oil filter bracket
●Oil cooler.
●Oil pump housing
●Vacuum pump
●Cylinder head rear cover assembly
●Chain case
●Mating surface between cylinder block and cylinder head
●Mating surface between cylinder head and rocker cover
●Crankshaft oil seal. Refer to LU-18, "ENGINE OIL LEVEL AND MUDDINESS" .
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE CHECK
WARNING:
●Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.
●Oil pressure check should be done in “ Neutral position”.
1. Check the engine oil level. Refer to LU-18, "
ENGINE OIL LEVEL
AND MUDDINESS" .
2. Remove the undercover.
3. Remove the oil pressure switch to connect the oil pressure
gauge.
4. After warming up the engine, check that oil pressure corre-
sponding to the engine speed is produced.
Engine oil pressure [Engine oil temperature at 80 °C (176 °F)]
5. After checking, install the oil pressure switch as follows.
a. Remove old sealant adhering to the switch and engine.
b. Apply thread sealant.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
SBIA0122E
SBIA0123E
Engine speed (rpm) Idle speed 2,000 4,000
Engine pressure
kPa (bar, kg/cm
2 , psi)Approx. 140 (1.40, 1.43, 20.3) or
moreApprox. 270 (2.69, 2.75, 39.1) or
moreApprox. 430 (4.29, 4.38, 62.3) or
more

CO-10
[QR]
ENGINE COOLANT
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain plug and cylinder block drain plug.
●Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plug.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.
●Use genuine Nissan engine coolant or equivalent in its
quality. Refer to MA-16, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND
LUBRICANTS" .
●Pour engine coolant slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt)
a minute to allow air in system to escape.
3. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radia-
tor cap installed.
●If engine coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install
radiator cap.
4. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed
with radiator cap installed.
●Repeat two or three times.
Watch engine coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine.
5. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately 50°C(122°F).
●Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
●If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
6. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with engine coolant.
7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 two or more times with radiator cap installed until engine coolant level no longer
drops.
8. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
9. Warm up engine, and check for sound of engine coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000
rpm with heater temperature controller set at several position between COOL and WARM.
●Sound may be noticeable at heater unit.
10. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 4 through 6 until engine coolant level
no longer drops.
●Clean excess engine coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator and reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
2. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
3. Rev engine two or three times under no-load.
4. Stop engine and wait until it cools down.
5. Drain water.
6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from radiator. Cylinder block drain plug:
: 7.8 - 11.8 N·m (0.8 -1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb)
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):

Approx. 7.1 (6-1/4 Imp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
SMA412B

CO-20
[QR]
THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
PFP:21200
Removal and InstallationEBS00KOO
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator.
REMOVAL
Thermostat Removal
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-9, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
CAUTION:
Perform when the engine cold.
2. Disconnect radiator lower hose at water inlet side.
3. Remove water inlet and thermostat.
Water Control Valve Removal
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-9, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
2. Disconnect upper radiator hose, heater pipe and heater hose at water outlet side.
3. Remove water outlet.
4. Remove water control valve.
PBIC0239E
1. Thermostat 2. Water inlet 3. Water control valve
4. Water outlet 5. Heater hose 6. Engine coolant temperature sensor
7. Heater pipe

THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
CO-21
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INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
●Place a string so that it is caught in the valves of the thermostat
and water control valve. Immerse fully in a container filled with
water. Heat while stirring. (The example in the figure shows the
thermostat.)
●The valve opening temperature is the temperature at which the
valve opens and the falls from the thread.
●Continue heating. Check the full-open lift amount.
NOTE:
The full-open lift amount standard temperature for the water
control valve is the reference value.
● After checking the full-open lift amount, lower the water temper-
ature and check the valve closing temperature.
Standard values
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal paying attention to the following.
●Install the engine coolant temperature sensor.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
Installation of Thermostat and Water Control Valve
●Install the thermostat and water control valve with the whole cir-
cumference of each flange part fit securely inside the rubber
ring. (The example in the figure shows the thermostat.)
●Install the thermostat with the jiggle valve facing upwards. (The
position deviation may be within the range of ±10°)
●Install the water control valve with the up-mark facing up and the
frame center part facing upwards. (The position deviation may
be within the range of ±10°)
Heater Pipe Installation
First apply a neutral detergent to the O-ring, then quickly insert the insertion parts of the heater pipe into the
installation holes.
SLC252B
Thermostat Water control valve
Valve opening temperature 80.5 - 83.5°C (177 - 182° F) 93.5 - 96.5°C (200 - 206°F)
Full-open lift amountMore than 8 mm/ 95°C
(0.315 in/ 203 °F)More than 8 mm/ 108°C
(0.315 in/ 226 ° F)
Valve closing temperature 77°C (171°F) 90°C (194° F)
PBIC0157E
PBIC0158E

CO-22
[QR]
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
PFP:00030
Standard and LimitEBS00KOP
CAPACITY
Unit: (lmp qt)
THERMOSTAT
WATER CONTROL VALVE
RADIATOR
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi)
Tightening TorqueEBS00KOQ
Unit: N·m (kg-m, ft-lb)
Unit: N·m (kg-m, in-lb)*
Engine coolant capacity [With reservoir tank (MAX level)] Approximately 7.1 (6-1/4)
Reservoir tank0.6 (1/2)
Valve opening temperature 80.5 - 83.5°C (177 - 182°F)
Valve liftMore than 8 mm/ 95°C (0.315 in/203°F)
Valve closing temperature 77°C (171°F)
Valve opening temperature 93.5 - 96.5°C (200 - 206°F)
Valve liftMore than 8 mm/108°C (0.315 in/226°F)
Valve closing temperature 90°C (194° F)
Cap relief pressureStandard 78 - 98 (0.78 - 0.98, 0.8 - 1.0, 11- 14)
Limit 59 (0.59, 0.6, 9)
Leakage test pressure 157 (1.57, 1.6, 23)
Cylinder block drain plug 7.8 - 11.8 (0.8 - 1.2, 69 - 104)*
Radiator mounting bracket 3.8 - 4.5 (0.39 - 0.46, 34 - 39)*
Radiator fan assembly 3.8 - 4.5 (0.39 - 0.46, 34 - 39)*
Radiator fan2.9 - 3.9 (0.30 - 0.40, 26 - 34)*
Radiator fan motor 3.9 - 4.9 (0.40 - 0.50, 35 - 43)*
Water pump20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water pump housing 20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water inlet20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water outlet20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water pipe20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Hater pipe20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Engine coolant temperature sensor 19.6 - 29.4 (2.0 - 3.0, 15 - 21)