transmission NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Service Service Manual

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-23
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
AT

CLUTCH AND BAND CHART

*1: Operates when overdrive control switch is set in “OFF” position.

*2: Oil pressure is applied to both 2nd “apply” side and 3rd “release” side of band servo piston. However, brake band does not con-
tract because oil pressure area on the “release” side is greater than that on the “apply” side.

*3: Oil pressure is applied to 4th “apply” side in condition *2 above, and brake band contracts.

*4: A/T will not shift to 4th when overdrive control switch is set in “OFF” position.

: Operates.

A: Operates when throttle opening is less than 3/16, activating engine brake.

B: Operates during “progressive” acceleration.

C: Operates but does not affect power transmission.

D: Operates when throttle opening is less than 3/16, but does not affect engine brake. Shift positionRever
se
clutch
5High
clutch
6For-
ward
clutch
15Over-
run
clutch
17Band servo
Forward
one-way
clutch
16Low
one-
way
clutch
18Low &
revers
e
brake
19Lock-
upRemarks
2nd
apply3rd
releas
e4th
apply
PPA R K
POSITION
RREVERSE
POSITION
NNEUTRAL
POSITION
D*41st *1D B B
Automatic
shift
1 ⇔ 2 ⇔ 3 ⇔
4 2nd *1A B
3rd *1A *2C C B
*1
4th C *3C C
21stBB
Automatic
shift
1 ⇔ 2⇐3 2ndB
3rd *2C C B
11stB
Locks (held
stationary) in
1st speed
1 ⇐ 2⇐3 2ndB
3rd *2C C B

AT-24
OVERALL SYSTEM

POWER TRANSMISSION
“N” and “P” Positions

“N” position
Power from the input shaft is not transmitted to the output shaft because the clutches do not operate.

“P” position
Similar to the “N” position, the clutches do not operate. The parking pawl engages with the parking gear to
mechanically hold the output shaft so that the power train is locked.
SAT991I

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-29
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
AT

“D4 ” (OD) Position

High clutch

Brake band

Forward clutch (Does not affect power
transmission)Input power is transmitted to front carrier through high clutch.
This front carrier turns around the sun gear which is fixed by brake band and makes
front internal gear (output) turn faster.
Engine brakeAt D
4 position, there is no one-way clutch in the power transmission line and engine
brake can be obtained when decelerating.
SAT380J

AT-30
OVERALL SYSTEM

“R” Position

Reverse clutch

Low & reverse brakeFront planetary carrier is stationary because of the operation of low and reverse brake.
Input power is transmitted to front sun gear through reverse clutch, which drives front
internal gear in the opposite direction.
Engine brakeAs there is no one-way clutch in the power transmission line, engine brake can be
obtained when decelerating.
SAT381J

AT-32
OVERALL SYSTEM

CAN CommunicationECS00CTB
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
CAN (Controller Area Network) is a serial communication line for real time application. It is an on-vehicle mul-
tiplex communication line with high data communication speed and excellent error detection ability. Many elec-
tronic control units are equipped onto a vehicle, and each control unit shares information and links with other
control units during operation (not independent). In CAN communication, control units are connected with 2
communication lines (CAN H line, CAN L line) allowing a high rate of information transmission with less wiring.
Each control unit transmits/receives data but selectively reads required data only.
ABS MODELS
System diagram
Input/output signal chart
T: Transmit R: Receive
PKIA6457E
Signals TCM ECM Combination meter
Stop lamp switch signal R T
P·N range signal R T
A/T position indicator lamp signal T R
Overdrive control switch signal R T
O/D OFF indicator signal T R
Closed throttle position signal R T
Wide open throttle position signal R T
Output shaft revolution signal T R
Engine A/T integrated control signalRT
TR
A/T self-diagnosis signal T R

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-35
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
AT

BACK-UP CONTROL (ENGINE BRAKE)
If the selector lever is shifted to “2” position while driving in D4 (OD)
or D
3 , great driving force is applied to the clutch inside the transmis-
sion. Clutch operating pressure (line pressure) must be increased to
deal with this driving force.
DURING SHIFT CHANGE
The line pressure is temporarily reduced corresponding to a change
in engine torque when shifting gears (that is, when the shift solenoid
valve is switched for clutch operation) to reduce shifting shock.
AT LOW FLUID TEMPERATURE

Fluid viscosity and frictional characteristics of the clutch facing change with fluid temperature. Clutch
engaging or band-contacting pressure is compensated for, according to fluid temperature, to stabilize
shifting quality.

The line pressure is reduced below 60°C (140°F) to prevent
shifting shock due to low viscosity of automatic transmission
fluid when temperature is low.

Line pressure is increased to a maximum irrespective of the
throttle opening when fluid temperature drops to −10°C (14°F).
This pressure rise is adopted to prevent a delay in clutch and
brake operation due to extreme drop of fluid viscosity at low
temperature.
Shift ControlECS00CTD
The shift is regulated entirely by electronic control to accommodate vehicle speed and varying engine opera-
tions. This is accomplished by electrical signals transmitted by the revolution sensor and the ECM (accelerator
pedal position sensor). This results in improved acceleration performance and fuel economy.
SAT004J
SAT005J
SAT006J
SAT007J

AT-36
OVERALL SYSTEM

CONTROL OF SHIFT SOLENOID VALVES A AND B
The TCM activates shift solenoid valves A and B according to sig-
nals from the throttle position sensor and revolution sensor to select
the optimum gear position on the basis of the shift schedule memo-
rized in the TCM.
The shift solenoid valve performs simple ON-OFF operation. When
set to “ON”, the drain circuit closes and pilot pressure is applied to
the shift valve.
RELATION BETWEEN SHIFT SOLENOID VALVES A AND B GEAR POSITIONS
CONTROL OF SHIFT VALVES A AND B
Pilot pressure generated by the operation of shift solenoid valves A and B is applied to the end face of shift
valves A and B.
The drawing above shows the operation of shift valve B. When the shift solenoid valve is “ON”, pilot pressure
applied to the end face of the shift valve overcomes spring force, moving the valve upward.
Lock-up ControlECS00CTE
The torque converter clutch piston in the torque converter is locked to eliminate torque converter slip to
increase power transmission efficiency. The solenoid valve is controlled by an ON-OFF duty signal sent from
the TCM. The signal is converted to an oil pressure signal which controls the torque converter clutch piston.
CONDITIONS FOR LOCK-UP OPERATION
When vehicle is driven in 3rd and 4th gear position, vehicle speed and throttle opening are detected. If the
detected values fall within the lock-up zone memorized in the TCM, lock-up is performed.
SAT008J
Shift solenoid valveGear position
D1 , 21 , 11D2 , 22 , 12D3D4 (OD) N-P
A ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed) ON (Closed)
B ON (Closed) ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed)
SAT009J
Overdrive control switch ON OFF
Selector lever “D” position
Gear position D
4D3
Vehicle speed sensor More than set value
Throttle position sensor Less than set opening
Closed throttle position switch OFF
A/T fluid temperature sensor More than 40°C (104°F)

AT-64
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTIONPFP:00000
A/T Fluid CheckECS004QQ
FLUID LEAKAGE CHECK
1. Clean area suspected of leaking. — for example, mating surface
of converter housing and transmission case.
2. Start engine, apply foot brake, place selector lever in D position
and wait a few minutes.
3. Stop engine.
4. Check for fresh leakage.
FLUID CONDITION CHECK
FLUID LEVEL CHECK
Refer to AT- 1 6 , "Checking A/T Fluid" .
SAT767B
SAT288G
Fluid color Suspected problem
Dark or black with burned odor Wear of frictional material
Milky pink Water contamination — Road water
entering through filler tube or breather
Varnished fluid, light to dark brown and
tackyOxidation — Over or under filling, —
Overheating
SAT638A

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — GENERAL DESCRIPTION
AT-91
[EURO-OBD]
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
AT

Races extremely fast or slips in
changing from “D
4 ” or “D3 ” to “D1 ”
when depressing pedal.ON vehicle1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
2. Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensorAT-173
3. Line pressure testAT- 6 8
4. Line pressure solenoid valveAT-154
5. Shift solenoid valve AAT-161
6. Shift solenoid valve BAT-167
7. Control valve assemblyAT-404
OFF vehicle8. Forward clutchAT-4759. Forward one-way clutchAT-416
10. Low one-way clutchAT- 4 1 6, AT-423
Vehicle will not run in any position.ON vehicle1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
2. Control cable adjustmentAT-409
3. Line pressure testAT- 6 8
4. Line pressure solenoid valveAT-154
OFF vehicle5. Oil pumpAT-4436. Torque converterAT-423
7. Parking componentsAT-416
Transmission noise in “D”, “2”, “1”
and “R” positions.ON vehicle 1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
OFF vehicle 2. Torque converterAT-423
Failure to change from “D3 ” to “22 ”
when changing lever into “2” posi-
tion.
AT- 2 3 2
ON vehicle1. Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensorAT-1732. Shift solenoid valve BAT-167
3. Control valve assemblyAT-404
4. Control cable adjustmentAT-409
Failure to change from “D3 ” to “22 ”
when changing lever into “2” posi-
tion.
AT- 2 3 2
OFF vehicle 5. Brake bandAT-497
Gear change from “22 ” to “23 ” in “2”
position.ON vehicle1. PNP switchAT-100
2. Control cable adjustmentAT-409
Engine brake does not operate in
“1” position.
AT- 2 3 0ON vehicle1. PNP switchAT-100
2. Control cable adjustmentAT-409
3. Vehicle speed sensor·A/T (Revolution
sensor) and vehicle speed sensor·MTRAT- 11 2, AT- 1 9 2
4. Control valve assemblyAT-404
5. Overrun clutch solenoid valveAT-178
OFF vehicle6. Overrun clutchAT-4757. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
Gear change from “11 ” to “12 ” in “1”
position.ON vehicle1. PNP switchAT-100
2. Control cable adjustmentAT-409
Symptom Condition Diagnostic Item Reference Page

AT-92
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Does not change from “12 ” to “11 ”
in “1” position.ON vehicle1. PNP switchAT-100
2. Vehicle speed sensor·A/T (Revolution
sensor) and vehicle speed sensor·MTRAT- 11 2, AT- 1 9 2
3. Shift solenoid valve AAT-161
4. Control valve assemblyAT-404
OFF vehicle5. Low one-way clutchAT-416
, AT- 4 2 3
6. Brake bandAT-497
7. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
Large shock changing from “12 ” to
“1
1 ” in “1” position.ON vehicle 1. Control valve assemblyAT-404OFF vehicle 2. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
Transmission overheats. ON vehicle1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
2. Engine idling rpm EC-44
3. Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensorAT-173
4. Line pressure testAT- 6 8
5. Line pressure solenoid valveAT-154
6. Control valve assemblyAT-404
Transmission overheats. OFF vehicle7. Oil pumpAT-443
8. Reverse clutchAT-464
9. High clutchAT-469
10. Brake bandAT-497
11. Forward clutchAT-475
12. Overrun clutchAT-475
13. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
14. Torque converterAT-423
ATF shoots out during operation.
White smoke emitted from exhaust
pipe during operation.ON vehicle 1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
OFF vehicle2. Reverse clutchAT-464
3. High clutchAT-469
4. Brake bandAT-497
5. Forward clutchAT-475
6. Overrun clutchAT-475
7. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
Offensive smell at fluid charging
pipe.ON vehicle 1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4
OFF vehicle2. Torque converterAT-423
3. Oil pumpAT-443
4. Reverse clutchAT-464
5. High clutchAT-469
6. Brake bandAT-497
7. Forward clutchAT-475
8. Overrun clutchAT-475
9. Low & reverse brakeAT-483
Symptom Condition Diagnostic Item Reference Page