sensor NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Service Repair Manual

PRECAUTIONS
EC-1209
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PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
EBS011WR
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of
this Service Manual.
WARNING:

To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.

Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.

Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or
harness connectors.
On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System of EngineEBS011WS
The ECM has an on board diagnostic system. It will light up the malfunction indicator (MI) to warn the driver of
a malfunction causing emission deterioration.
CAUTION:

Be sure to turn the ignition switch OFF and disconnect the battery ground cable before any repair
or inspection work. The open/short circuit of related switches, sensors, solenoid valves, etc. will
cause the MI to light up.

Be sure to connect and lock the connectors securely after work. A loose (unlocked) connector will
cause the MI to light up due to the open circuit. (Be sure the connector is free from water, grease,
dirt, bent terminals, etc.)

Certain systems and components, especially those related to OBD, may use a new style slide-
locking type harness connector. For description and how to disconnect, refer to PG-70, "
HAR-
NESS CONNECTOR" .

Be sure to route and secure the harnesses properly after work. The interference of the harness
with a bracket, etc. may cause the MI to light up due to the short circuit.

Be sure to connect rubber tubes properly after work. A misconnected or disconnected rubber tube
may cause the MI to light up due to the malfunction of the fuel system, etc.

Be sure to erase the unnecessary malfunction information (repairs completed) from the ECM
before returning the vehicle to the customer.
PrecautionsEBS011WT

Always use a 12 volt battery as power source.

Do not attempt to disconnect battery cables while engine is
running.

Before connecting or disconnecting the ECM harness con-
nector, turn ignition switch OFF and disconnect battery
ground cable. Failure to do so may damage the ECM
because battery voltage is applied to ECM even if ignition
switch is turned off.

Before removing parts, turn ignition switch OFF and then
disconnect battery ground cable.
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EC-1210
[YD (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
PRECAUTIONS


Do not disassemble ECM.

When connecting ECM harness connector, fasten it
securely with levers as far as they will go as shown in the
figure.

When connecting or disconnecting pin connectors into or
from ECM, take care not to damage pin terminals (bend or
break).
Make sure that there are not any bends or breaks on ECM
pin terminal, when connecting pin connectors.

Securely connect ECM harness connectors.
A poor connection can cause an extremely high (surge)
voltage to develop in coil and condenser, thus resulting in
damage to IC's.

Keep engine control system harness at least 10cm (4 in)
away from adjacent harness, to prevent engine control sys-
tem malfunctions due to receiving external noise, degraded
operation of IC's, etc.

Keep engine control system parts and harness dry.

Before replacing ECM, perform ECM Terminals and Refer-
ence Value inspection and make sure ECM functions prop-
erly. Refer to EC-1245, "
ECM Terminals And Reference
Va l u e" .

Handle mass air flow sensor carefully to avoid damage.

Do not disassemble mass air flow sensor.

Do not clean mass air flow sensor with any type of deter-
gent.

Even a slight leak in the air intake system can cause seri-
ous incidents.

Do not shock or jar the camshaft position sensor, crank-
shaft position sensor.
MBIB0625E
PBIB1512E
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MEF040D

PREPARATION
EC-1213
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PREPARATIONPFP:00002
Special Service ToolsEBS011WV
Commercial Service ToolsEBS011WW
Tool number
Tool nameDescription
EG17650301
Radiator cap tester
adapterAdapting radiator cap tester to radiator cap and
radiator filler neck
a: 28 (1.10) dia.
b: 31.4 (1.236) dia.
c: 41.3 (1.626) dia.
Unit: mm (in)
KV109E0010
Break-out boxMeasuring the ECM signals with a circuit tester
KV109E0080
Y-cable adapterMeasuring the ECM signals with a circuit tester
S-NT564
S-NT825
S-NT826
Tool name Description
Socket wrench Removing and installing engine coolant
temperature sensor
S-NT705

EC-1216
[YD (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

System ChartEBS011WZ
*1: The input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: The output signal is sent from the ECM through CAN communication line.
Fuel Injection Control SystemEBS011X0
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Three types of fuel injection control are provided to accommodate engine operating conditions; normal control,
idle control and start control. The ECM determines the appropriate fuel injection control. Under each control,
the amount of fuel injected is adjusted to improve engine performance.
Pulse signals are sent to fuel injectors according to the input signals to adjust the amount of fuel injected to
preset value.
START CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
When the ECM receives a start signal from the ignition switch, the
ECM adapts the fuel injection system for the start control. The
amount of fuel injected at engine starting is a preset program value
in the ECM. The program is determined by the engine speed, engine
coolant temperature and fuel rail pressure.
For better startability under cool engine conditions, the lower the
coolant temperature becomes, the greater the amount of fuel
injected. The ECM ends the start control when the engine speed
reaches the specific value, and shifts the control to the normal or idle
control.
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)

Accelerator pedal position sensor

Fuel rail pressure sensor

Fuel pump temperature sensor

Engine coolant temperature sensor

Mass air flow sensor

Intake air temperature sensor

Crankshaft position sensor

Camshaft position sensor

Turbocharger boost sensor

Vehicle speed sensor*1

ESP/TCS/ABS control unit*1

Ignition switch

Stop lamp switch

Air conditioner switch*1

Park/neutral position switch

Battery voltage

Fuel level switch

Power steering pressure switch Fuel injection control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Fuel injection timing control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Fuel cut control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Glow control system
Glow relay and glow indicator lamp*
2
On board diagnostic system
Malfunction indicator (MI)*2
EGR volume control EGR volume control valve
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay
Turbocharger boost controlTurbocharger boost control solenoid
valve
Fuel transport pump control Fuel transport pump relay
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Fuel injection
control (start
control)Fuel injector
Fuel pump Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Camshaft position sensor Piston position
Ignition switch Start signal
Fuel rail pressure sensor Fuel rail pressure
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ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-1217
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IDLE CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
*: The input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
When the ECM determines that the engine speed is at idle, the fuel injection system is adapted for the idle
control. The ECM regulates the amount of fuel injected corresponding to changes in load applied to the engine
to keep engine speed constant. The ECM also provides the system with a fast idle control in response to the
engine coolant temperature signal.
NORMAL CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
The amount of fuel injected under normal driving conditions is deter-
mined according to sensor signals. The crankshaft position sensor
detects engine speed, the accelerator pedal position sensor detects
accelerator pedal position and fuel rail pressure sensor detects fuel
rail pressure. These sensors send signals to the ECM.
The fuel injection data, predetermined by correlation between vari-
ous engine speeds, accelerator pedal positions and fuel rail pres-
sure are stored in the ECM memory, forming a map. The ECM
determines the optimal amount of fuel to be injected using the sen-
sor signals in comparison with the map.
MAXIMUM AMOUNT CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
The maximum injection amount is controlled to an optimum by the engine speed, intake air amount, engine
coolant temperature, and accelerator opening in accordance with the driving conditions.
This prevents the oversupply of the injection amount caused by decreased air density at a high altitude or dur-
ing a system failure.
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Fuel injection
control (Idle
control)Fuel injector
Fuel pump Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Battery Battery voltage
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Fuel rail pressure sensor Fuel rail pressure
Vehicle speed sensor* Vehicle speed
Air conditioner switch* Air conditioner signal
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Fuel injection
control (Nor-
mal control)Fuel injector
Fuel pump Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator position
Fuel rail pressure sensor Fuel rail pressure
SEF649S
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Fuel injection
control (Maxi-
mum amount
control)Fuel Injector Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position

EC-1218
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ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

DECELERATION CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
The ECM sends a fuel cut signal to the fuel injectors and fuel pump during deceleration for better fuel effi-
ciency. The ECM determines the time of deceleration according to signals from the accelerator pedal position
sensor and crankshaft position sensor.
Fuel Injection Timing Control SystemEBS011X1
DESCRIPTION
The target fuel injection timing in accordance with the engine speed and the fuel injection amount are recorded
as a map in the ECM beforehand. The ECM determines the optimum injection timing using sensor signals
accordance with the map.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS011X2
INPUT / OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*: The input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves acceleration when the air conditioner is used.
When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, the air conditioner is turned off for a few seconds.
When engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high, the air conditioner is turned off. This continues
until the engine coolant temperature returns to normal.
Fuel Cut Control (At No Load & High Engine Speed)EBS011X3
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*: The input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
If the engine speed is above 2,800 rpm under no load (for example, the shift position is neutral and engine
speed is over 2,800 rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies
based on engine speed. Fuel cut will be operated until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm, then fuel cut will
be cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under EC-1216, "
Fuel Injection Control Sys-
tem" .
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position Fuel injection
control (Decel-
eration control)Fuel injector
Fuel pump
Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Air conditioner switch* Air conditioner ON signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal opening angle
Vehicle speed sensor* Vehicle speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Vehicle speed sensor* Vehicle speed
Fuel cut control Fuel injector Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed

EC-1220
[YD (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

CAN COMMUNICATION UNIT
System diagram
Input/output signal chart
T: Transmit R: Receive
PKIA6459E
Signals ECMESP/TCS/ABS
control unitSteering angle
sensor4WD control
unitCombination
meter
Stop lamp switch signal T R
Engine speed signal T R R R
Engine coolant temperature signal TR
Accelerator pedal position signal T R R
A/C switch signal RT
Vehicle speed signalTRR
RT
ABS warning lamp signal T R
Brake warning lamp signal T R
SLIP indicator lamp signal T R
ESP OFF indicator lamp signal T R
4WD warning lamp signalTR
4WD mode indicator lamp signalTR
Parking brake switch signalRT
MI signal TR
Glow indicator lamp signal TR
Steering angle sensor signal R T

BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
EC-1221
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BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREPFP:00018
Fuel FilterEBS011X6
DESCRIPTION
A water draining cock is on the lower side and a priming pump for bleeding air is on the upper side.
AIR BLEEDING
Pump the priming pump to bleed air.

When air is bled completely, the pumping of the priming pump
suddenly becomes heavy. Stop the operation at that time.

If it is difficult to bleed air by the pumping of the priming pump
(the pumping of the priming pump does not become heavy), dis-
connect the fuel supply hose between the fuel filter and the fuel
gallery. Then, perform the operation described above, and make
sure that fuel comes out. (Use a pan, etc. so as not to spill fuel.
Do not let fuel get on engine and other parts.) After that, connect
the hose, then bleed air again.

Start engine and let it idle for at least 1 minute after performing
air bleeding.
WATER DRAINING
1. Remove the fuel filter, filter bracket, protector assembly from the dash panel as follows.
a. Remove the air cleaner case (upper), air duct assembly, and vacuum hose for brake booster (between the
vacuum pump and vacuum pipe).
CAUTION:
After the duct is removed, cover the opening with gum tape, etc. to prevent foreign object from
getting into the engine during the operation.
b. Remove the mounting nuts on the dash panel, then remove the fuel filter, filter bracket, and protector
assembly from the dash panel.

It is not necessary to disconnect the fuel hose.
2. Using a tool such as a pliers, loosen the water draining cock at
the bottom of the fuel filter.
Loosening drain cock four to five turns causes water to
start draining.
Do not remove drain cock by loosening it excessively.
If water dose not drain properly, move the priming up and down.
CAUTION:
When the water is drained, the fuel is also drained. Use a
pan, etc. to avoid fuel adherence to the rubber parts such as
the engine mount insulator.
Do not over-tighten the water draining cock. This will dam-
age the cock thread, resulting in water or fuel leak.
3. Bleed air of the fuel filter. Refer to EC-1221, "
AIR BLEEDING" .
4. Start the engine.
Fuel Pump Learning Value ClearingEBS011X7
DESCRIPTION
In order to always keep optimum fuel pressure in fuel rail, the ECM controls fuel pump in high precision with
monitoring the signal of fuel rail pressure sensor.
Accordingly, the ECM always learns characteristic value of fuel pump. Fuel Pump Learning Value Clearing is
an operating to clear the value of the fuel pump learning.
It must be performed after the fuel pump is changed. When the ECM is replaced with brand new one, the Fuel
Pump Learning Value Clearing is not necessary to be performed. If the ECM to be replaced has the possibility
of learning the characteristic value of fuel pump, the Fuel Pump Learning Value Clearing is necessary to be
performed after the ECM has been replaced.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
NOTE:
Remove fuel pump without starting engine after performing Fuel Pump Learning Value Clearing.
PBIB1932E
SMA825B

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-1227
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSISPFP:00004
Trouble Diagnosis IntroductionEBS011XD
INTRODUCTION
The engine has an ECM to control major systems such as fuel injec-
tion control, fuel injection timing control, glow control system, etc.
The ECM accepts input signals from sensors and instantly actuators.
It is essential that both input and output signals are proper and sta-
ble. At the same time, it is important that there are no malfunctions
such as vacuum leaks, or other malfunctions with the engine.
It is much more difficult to diagnose a malfunction that occurs inter-
mittently rather than continuously. Most intermittent malfunctions are
caused by poor electric connections or improper wiring. In this case,
careful checking of suspected circuits may help prevent the replace-
ment of good parts.
A visual check only may not find the cause of the incidents. A road
test with CONSULT-II or a circuit tester connected should be per-
formed. Follow the EC-1228, "
WORK FLOW" .
Before undertaking actual checks, take a few minutes to talk with a
customer who approaches with a driveability complaint. The cus-
tomer can supply good information about such incidents, especially
intermittent ones. Find out what symptoms are present and under
what conditions they occur. A Diagnostic Worksheet like the example
on next page should be used.
Start your diagnosis by looking for conventional incidents first. This
will help troubleshoot driveability incidents on an electronically con-
trolled engine vehicle.
MEF036D
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-1229
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Description for Work Flow
DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET
There are many operating conditions that lead to the malfunction of
engine components. A good grasp of such conditions can make trou-
bleshooting faster and more accurate.
In general, each customer feels differently about an incident. It is
important to fully understand the symptoms or conditions for a cus-
tomer complaint.
Utilize a diagnostic worksheet like the one shown below in order to
organize all the information for troubleshooting.
STEP DESCRIPTION
STEP IGet detailed information about the conditions and the environment when the incident/symptom occurred using the
EC-1229, "
DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET" .
STEP IIBefore confirming the concern, check and write down (print out using CONSULT-II) the DTC and the freeze frame
data, then erase the DTC. The DTC and the freeze frame data can be used when duplicating the incident at STEP III
& IV. Refer to EC-1223
.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-1260, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
Study the relationship between the cause, specified by DTC, and the symptom described by the customer. (The
Symptom Matrix Chart will be useful. Refer toEC-1235
) Also check related service bulletins for information.
STEP IIITry to confirm the symptom and under what conditions the incident occurs.
The DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET and the freeze frame data are useful to verify the incident. Connect CONSULT-II to
the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG) mode and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-1260, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
If the malfunction code is detected, skip STEP IV and perform STEP V.
STEP IVTry to detect the DTC by driving in (or performing) the DTC Confirmation Procedure. Check and read the DTC and the
freeze frame data by using CONSULT-II.
During the DTC verification, be sure to connect CONSULT-II to the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG) mode
and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, perform EC-1260, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT" .
In case the DTC Confirmation Procedure is not available, perform the Overall Function Check instead. The DTC can-
not be displayed by this check, however, this simplified check is an effective alternative.
The “NG” result of the Overall Function Check is the same as the DTC detection.
STEP VTake the appropriate action based on the results of STEP I through IV.
If the malfunction code is indicated, proceed to Trouble Diagnosis for DTC PXXXX.
If the normal code is indicated, proceed to the Basic Inspection, EC-1231
. Then perform inspections according to the
Symptom Matrix Chart. Refer to EC-1235
.
STEP VIIdentify where to begin diagnosis based on the relationship study between symptom and possible causes. Inspect the
system for mechanical binding, loose connectors or wiring damage using (tracing) Harness Layouts.
Gently shake the related connectors, components or wiring harness with CONSULT-II set in “DATA MONITOR (AUTO
TRIG)” mode.
Check the voltage of the related ECM terminals or monitor the output data from the related sensors with CONSULT-II.
Refer to EC-1245
or EC-1257 .
The Diagnostic Procedure in EC section contains a description based on open circuit inspection. A short circuit
inspection is also required for the circuit check in the Diagnostic Procedure. For details, refer to GI-23, "
How to Per-
form Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident" , “Circuit Inspection”.
Repair or replace the malfunction parts.
If the malfunctioning part cannot be detected, perform EC-1260, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT
INCIDENT" .
STEP VIIOnce you have repaired the circuit or replaced a component, you need to run the engine in the same conditions and
circumstances which resulted in the customer's initial complaint.
Perform the DTC Confirmation Procedure and confirm the normal code (DTC P0000) is detected. If the incident is still
detected in the final check, perform STEP VI by using a different method from the previous one.
Before returning the vehicle to the customer, be sure to erase the unnecessary (already fixed) DTC in ECM. (Refer to
EC-1223
.)
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