NISSAN X-TRAIL 2005 Service Repair Manual

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STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM
K ELECTRICAL
CONTENTS
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SECTION SC
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B
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STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 2
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis .................. 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tools ............................................... 3
BATTERY .................................................................... 4
How to Handle Battery ............................................. 4
METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DIS-
CHARGE ............................................................... 4
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL .................... 4
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK ............................... 5
Battery Test and Charging Chart .............................. 6
CHART I ................................................................ 6
CHART II ............................................................... 7
A: SLOW CHARGE ............................................... 8
B: STANDARD CHARGE ...................................... 9
C: QUICK CHARGE ............................................. 11
Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
CHARGING SYSTEM ............................................... 13
System Description ................................................ 13
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE — /With Gasoline
Engine .................................................................... 14
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE — /With Diesel Engine ... 15
Trouble Diagnosis .................................................. 16
WITH IC REGULATOR ....................................... 16
MALFUNCTION INDICATOR .............................. 16
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
REMOVAL (QR ENGINE MODELS) ................... 17
REMOVAL (YD ENGINE MODELS) ................... 17
ALTERNATOR PULLEY INSPECTION (QR ENGINE MODELS) ............................................. 17
INSTALLATION ................................................... 18
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 19
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 20
INSPECTION ...................................................... 21
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 22
STARTING SYSTEM ................................................. 23
System Description ................................................. 23
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 23
A/T MODELS ....................................................... 23
Wiring Diagram — START — /M/T Models ............ 24
Wiring Diagram — START — /A/T Models ............. 25
Trouble Diagnosis ................................................... 26
Removal and Installation ........................................ 27
REMOVAL ........................................................... 27
INSTALLATION ................................................... 27
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 28
QR ENGINE MODELS ........................................ 28
YD ENGINE MODELS ........................................ 30
Inspection ............................................................... 31
MAGNETIC SWITCH CHECK ............................. 31
PINION/CLUTCH CHECK ................................... 31
BRUSH CHECK .................................................. 31
YOKE CHECK ..................................................... 32
ARMATURE CHECK ........................................... 33
Assembly ................................................................ 34
PINION PROTRUSION LENGTH ADJUST-
MENT .................................................................. 34
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 36
Battery .................................................................... 36
Starter ..................................................................... 36
Alternator ................................................................ 36

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PRECAUTIONS

PRECAUTIONS PFP:00011
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
EKS007AR
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of
this Service Manual.
WARNING:

To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.

Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.

Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or
harness connectors.
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis EKS00312
When reading wiring diagrams, refer to the following:

GI-14, "How to Read Wiring Diagrams" in GI section

PG-2, "POWER SUPPLY ROUTING" for power distribution circuit in PG section
When performing trouble diagnosis, refer to the following:

GI-10, "HOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUPS IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES" in GI section

GI-23, "How to Perform Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident" in GI section

PREPARATION
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PREPARATIONPFP:00002
Special Service ToolsEKS00ORD
Tool number
Tool nameDescription
KV10118200
Alternator pulley adapterRemoving alternator pulley
PKIA1241E

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BATTERY

BATTERY PFP:00011
How to Handle Battery EKS00313
CAUTION:

If it becomes necessary to start the engine with a booster battery and jumper cables, use a 12-volt
booster battery.

After connecting battery cables, ensure that they are tightly clamped to battery terminals for good
contact.

Never add distilled water through the hole used to check specific gravity.
METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE
The following precautions must be taken to prevent over-discharging a battery.

The battery surface (particularly its top) should always be kept
clean and dry.

The terminal connections should be clean and tight.

At every routine maintenance, check the electrolyte level.
This also applies to batteries designated as “low maintenance”
and “maintenance-free”.

When the vehicle is not going to be used over a long period of
time, disconnect the battery cable from the negative terminal. (If
the vehicle has an extended storage switch, turn it off.)

Check the charge condition of the battery.
Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Keep a
close check on charge condition to prevent over-discharge.
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL
WARNING:
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touch-
ing a battery, do not touch or rub your eyes until you have thoroughly washed your hands. If acid con-
tacts eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
MEL040F
ELA0349D
MEL042F

BATTERY
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Remove the cell plug using a suitable tool.

Add distilled water up to the MAX level.
Sulphation
A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended
for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than
1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates.
To determine if a battery has been “sulphated”, note its voltage
and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less cur-
rent and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of
charging sulphated batteries.
A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into ser-
vice by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, fol-
lowed by a battery capacity test.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK
1. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level.
2. Convert into specific gravity at 20 °C (68 °F).
Example:

When electrolyte temperature is 35 °C (95 °F) and specific grav-
ity of electrolyte is 1.230, converted specific gravity at 20 °C (68
°F) is 1.240.

When electrolyte temperature is 0 °C (32 °F) and specific gravity
of electrolyte is 1.210, converted specific gravity at 20 °C (68 °F)
is 1.196.
MEL043F
PKIA2353E
MEL042FA
SEL007Z

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BATTERY

Battery Test and Charging ChartEKS00314
CHART I
*1:SC-5, "SPECIFIC GRAVITY
CHECK"
*2:SC-7, "CHART II"*3:SC-8, "A: SLOW CHARGE"
*4:SC-9, "B: STANDARD CHARGE"*5:SC-11, "C: QUICK CHARGE"
PKIA3696E

BATTERY
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CHART II
Fig. 1 Discharging Current (Load Tester)

Check battery type and determine the specified current using the table.
*:SC-6, "CHART I"
SEL755W
Type Current (A)
28B19R(L) 90
34B19R(L) 99
46B24R(L) 135
55B24R(L) 135
50D23R(L) 150
55D23R(L) 180
65D26R(L) 195
80D23R(L) 195
80D26R(L) 195
75D31R(L) 210
95D31R(L) 240
115D31R(L) 240
025 [YUASA type code] 240
027 [YUASA type code] 285
110D26R(L) 300
95E41R(L) 300
067 [YUASA type code] 325
130E41R(L) 330
096 [YUASA type code] 375

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BATTERY

A: SLOW CHARGE
Fig. 2 Initial Charging Current Setting (Slow Charge)

Check battery type and determine the specified current using the table.

After starting charging, adjustment of charging current is not necessary.
*1:SC-5, "SPECIFIC GRAVITY
CHECK"
*2:SC-7, "CHART II"
SEL756W
CON-
VERTED
SPECIFIC
GRAVITYBATTERY TYPE
28B19R(L)
34B19R(L)
46B24R(L)
55B24R(L)
50D23R(L)
55D23R(L)
025 [YUASA type code]
027 [YUASA type code]
65D26R(L)
80D23R(L)
80D26R(L)
067 [YUASA type code]
096 [YUASA type code]
75D31R(L)
95D31R(L)
115D31R(L)
110D26R(L)
95E41R(L)
130E41R(L)
Below 1.100 4.0 (A) 5.0 (A) 7.0 (A) 8.0 (A)8.5
(A)9.0
(A)10.0 (A)14.0
(A)

BATTERY
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Fig. 3 Additional Charge (Slow Charge)
CAUTION:

Set charging current to specified value in Fig. 2. If charger is not capable of producing specified
current value, set its charging current as close to that value as possible.

Keep battery away from open flame while it is being charged.

When connecting charger, connect leads first, then turn on charger. Never turn on charger first, as
this may cause a spark.

If battery temperature rises above 55 °C (131 °F), stop charging. Always charge battery when its
temperature is below 55 °C (131 °F).
B: STANDARD CHARGE
Fig. 4 Initial Charging Current Setting (Standard Charge)
*:SC-7, "CHART II"
SEL757W
*1:SC-5, "SPECIFIC GRAVITY
CHECK"
*2:SC-7, "CHART II"
SEL758W
CON-
VERTED
SPECIFIC
GRAVITYBATTERY TYPE
28B19R(L)
34B19R(L)
46B24R(L)
55B24R(L)
50D23R(L)
55D23R(L)
025 [YUASA type code]
027 [YUASA type code]
65D26R(L)
80D23R(L)
80D26R(L)
067 [YUASA type code]
096 [YUASA type code]
75D31R(L)
95D31R(L)
115D31R(L)
110D26R(L)
95E41R(L)
130E41R(L)
1.100 - 1.130 4.0 (A) 5.0 (A) 6.0 (A) 7.0 (A)8.0
(A)9.0 (A)13.0
(A)
1.130 - 1.160 3.0 (A) 4.0 (A) 5.0 (A) 6.0 (A)7.0
(A)8.0 (A)11 . 0
(A)

SC-10
BATTERY


Check battery type and determine the specified current using the table.

After starting charging, adjustment of charging current is not necessary.
Fig. 5 Additional Charge (Standard Charge)
CAUTION:

Never use standard charge method on a battery whose specific gravity is less than 1.100.

Set charging current to specified value in Fig. 4. If charger is not capable of producing specified
current value, set its charging current as close to that value as possible.

Keep battery away from open flame while it is being charged.

When connecting charger, connect leads first, then turn on charger. Never turn on charger first, as
this may cause a spark.

If battery temperature rises above 55 °C (131 °F), stop charging. Always charge battery when its
temperature is below 55 °C (131 °F).
1.160 - 1.190 2.0 (A) 3.0 (A) 4.0 (A) 5.0 (A)6.0
(A)7.0 (A)9.0
(A)
1.190 - 1.220 2.0 (A) 2.0 (A) 3.0 (A) 4.0 (A)5.0
(A)5.0 (A)7.0
(A) CON-
VERTED
SPECIFIC
GRAVITYBATTERY TYPE
28B19R(L)
34B19R(L)
46B24R(L)
55B24R(L)
50D23R(L)
55D23R(L)
025 [YUASA type code]
027 [YUASA type code]
65D26R(L)
80D23R(L)
80D26R(L)
067 [YUASA type code]
096 [YUASA type code]
75D31R(L)
95D31R(L)
115D31R(L)
110D26R(L)
95E41R(L)
130E41R(L)
*:SC-7, "CHART II"
SEL759W