diagram PONTIAC FIERO 1988 Service Owner's Manual

BRlVEABlLlTY AND EMISSIONS 2.8L (VIN 5) 6E3-A-3
ENGINE GND'S BACK VIEW
OF
CONNECT OR
TO VSS BUFFER
OXYGEN SENSOR
ENGINE GND.
MANIFOLD AIR
TEMPERATURE
4 WAY INJ.
JPR. CONN.
7-14-87
Figure A1-2 -Wiring Diagram 2.8L "F" Series (1 of 3)

DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS 2.8L (VIN S) 6E3-A-5
ECM
BRAKE SWITC
BACK
VIEW OF
AIR DIVERT SOLENOID
MANUALITRANS
IGNITION 12V
TANMIHT 250 ALTERNATOR
Figure A1-4 - Wiring Diagram 2.8L "F" Series (3 of 3)

6E3-A-"I 2.8L (VlN S) DRIVEABILITY AND EMlSSlONS
TO OIL PRESS. SW.
&FUEL PUMP RELAY
FUSE
81 HOLDER BATTERY 12 V .. m.. . n.
. . . . . . . . FUSIBLE LINK
439 PNWBLK
419 BRNNVHT
SERIAL
DATA
451
WHTJBLK
450 BLKNVHT
ALDL CONNECTOR
NO "SERVICE ENGlNE SOON" "LIGHT
2.8b (VIM 5) 'T" "SERIES (PORT)
Circuit Description:
There should always be a steady "Service Engine Soon" light when the ignition is "ON" and engine stopped.
Battery is supplied directly to the light bulb. The electronic control module
(ECNI) will control the light and
turn it "ON" by providing a ground path through CKT 419 to the ECM.
Test Description: Numbers below refer to circled
numbers on the diagnostic chart.
1. If the fuse in holder is blown refer to facing page of
Code
54 for complete circuit.
2. Using a test light connected to 12 volts probe each
of the system ground circuits to be sure a good
ground is present. See ECM terminal end view in
front of this section for
ECM pin locations of
ground circuits.
Diagnostic Aids:
Engine runs OK, check:
@ Faulty light bulb.
@ CKT 419 open.
@ Gage fuse blown.
This will result in no oil or
generator lights, seat belt reminder, etc. Engine
cranks but will not run.
@ Continuous battery - fuse or fusible link open.
@ ECM ignition fuse open.
@ Battery CKT 340 to ECM open.
@ Ignition CKT 439 to ECM open.
e Poor connection to ECM.
Solenoids and relays are turned "ON"
and "OFF"
by the ECM, using internal electronic switches called
"drivers". Each driver is part of a group of four called
"Quad-Drivers". Failure of one driver can damage
any other driver in the set. Solenoid and relay coil
resistance must measure more than 20 ohms. Less
resistance will cause early failure of the ECM
"driver".
Before replacing ECM, be sure to check the coil
resistance of all solenoids and relays controlled by the
ECM. See ECM wiring diagram for the
solenoid(s)
and relay(s) and the coil terminal identification.

6E3-A-36 2.8L (VlN 5) DRIVEABILIW YW EMISSIONS
- PARK OR NEUTRAL
CODE 24
VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR (VSS) CIRCUIT
2.8L (VIN 5) ""FYMIES (PORT)
Circuit Description:
The ECM applies and monitors 12 volts on CKT 437. CKT 437 connects to the vehicle speed sensor buffer
which alternately grounds CKT
437 when drive wheels are turning. This pulsing action takes place about 2000
times per mile and the ECM will calculate vehicle speed based on the time between "pulses".
A "SCAN" tool reading should closely match with speedometer reading with drive wheels turning.
Test Description: Numbers below refer to circled
numbers on the diagnostic chart.
1. Code
24 will set if:
@ CKT 437 voltage is constant.
@ Engine speed between 1400 and 3600 rpm.
o Less than 2% throttle opening.
Low load condition (low air flow).
@ Not in park or neutral.
e All conditions must be met for 3 seconds.
These conditions are met during a road load
deceleration.
2. A voltage of less than 1 volt at the 15-way
connector indicates that the CKT
437 wire may be
shorted to ground. Disconnect CKT
437 at the
VSS buffer.
If voltage now reads above 10 volts,
the VSS buffer is faulty. If
voltage remains less than
10 volt, then CKT 437
wire is grounded or open. If 437 is not grounded or
open,
check for a faulty ECM connector or ECM.
Diagnostic Aids:
If "Scan" displays vehicle speed, check
paruneutral switch CHART C-1A on vehicle with
auto trans.
If switch is OK, check for intermittent
connections. An open or short to ground in CKT
437
will result in a Code 24. If the customer also
complained about
a loss of mph on the I.P., check the
P.M. generator circuit. Refer to Section "8A" for
complete wiring diagram.
Refer to "Intermittents" in Section
"B".

6E3-B-2 2.8L (VIN 5) DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Problem may or may not turn "ON" the "Service Engine SoonJ' light, or store a code.
DO NOT use the trouble code charts in Section
"A" for intermittent problems. The fault must be
present to locate the problem. If a fault is
intermittent, use of trouble code charts may result
in replacement of good parts.
@ Most intermittent problems are caused by
faulty electrical connections or wiring. Perform
careful check as described at start of Section
"B". Check for:
@ Poor mating of the connector halves, or
terminals not fully seated in the connector
body (backed out).
@ Improperly formed or damaged terminals.
All connector terminals in problem circuit
should be carefully reformed to increase
contact tension.
@ Poor terminal to wire connection. This
requires removing the terminal from the
connector body to check. See "Introduction"
to Section
"6E".
@ If a visual check does not find the cause of the
problem, the car can be driven with a voltmeter
connected to a suspected circuit. A "Scan" tool
can also be used for monitoring input signals to
the ECM to help detect intermittent conditions.
An abnormal voltage, or "Scan" reading, when
the problem occurs, indicates the problem may
be in that circuit. If the wiring and connectors
check OK and a trouble code was stored for a
circuit having a sensor, except for Codes
43, 44,
and 45, substitute a known good sensor and
recheck. An
intermittent "Service Engine Soon" light
with no stored code may be caused by:
@ Ignition coil shorted to ground and arcing at
spark plug wires or plugs.
@ "Service Engine Soon" light wire to ECM
shorted to ground. (CKT 419).
@ Diagnostic "Test" terminal wire to ECM,
shorted to
ground.(CKT 451)
@ ECM power grounds. See ECM wiring
diagrams.
@ Loss of trouble code memory. To check,
disconnect TPS and idle engine until "Service
Engine Soon" light comes "ON". Code
22 should
be stored, and kept in memory when ignition is
turned "OFF". If not, the ECM is faulty.
@ Check for an electrical system interference
caused by a defective relay, ECM driven
solenoid, or switch. They can cause
a sharp
electrical surge. Normally, the problem will
occur when the faulty component is operated.
@ Check for improper installation of electrical
options, such as lights, 2-way radios, etc.
@ EST wires should be kept away from spark plug
wires, distributor wires, distributor housing,
coil, and generator. Wire from ECM to
distributor (CKT
453) should be a good
connection.
@ Check for open diode across A/C compressor
clutch, and for other open diodes (see wiring
diagrams).
HARD START
Definition: Engine cranks OK, but does not start for a long
time. Does eventually run, or may start hut immediately dies.
@ Perform careful check as described at start of -
Section "B".
@ Make sure driver is using correct starting
procedure.
@ CHECK:
- TPS for sticking or binding or a high TPS
voltage with the throttle closed (should read
less than
,700 volts).
- High resistance in coolant sensor circuit or
sensor itself. See Code 15 chart or with
a.
"Scan" tool compare coolant temperature with
ambient temperature on
a cold engine. 8
- Fuel pressure CHART A-7. Water contaminated
fuel.
EGR operation. Be sure valve seats properly and
is not staying open. See CHART C-7.
Both injector fuses (visually inspect).
Ignition system
- Check distributor for:
Proper output with ST-125.
Worn shaft.
Bare and shorted wires.
Pickup coil resistance and connections.
Loose ignition coil ground.
Moisture in distributor cap.
If problem exists in cold weather, check cold start
valve. See CHART A-9.

&E3-B-4 %.8L (VIN S) DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
LACK OF POWER, SLUGGISH, OR SPONGY
Definition: Engine delivers less than expected power. Little or
no increase in speed when accelerator pedal is pushed down part way.
Perform careful visual check as described at
- EGR operation for being open or partly open all
start of Section
"B". the time - CHART C-7.
e Compare customer's car to similar unit. - Exhaust system for possible restriction: See
Make sure the customer's car has an actual CHART
B-1,
problem.
@ Remove air cleaner and check air filter for
dirt, or for being plugged. Replace as
necessary.
@ CHECK:
- For loose or leaking air duct between MAF
Sensor and throttle body.
- Ignition timing. See Emission Control
Information label.
- Restricted fuel filter, contaminated fuel or
improper fuel pressure. See CHART A-7.
- ECM ground circuits - See ECM wiring
diagrams.
- Inspect exhaust system for damaged or
collapsed pipes.
- Inspect muffler for heat distress or possible
internal failure.
- Generator output voltage. Repair if less than 9
or more than 16 volts.
- Engine valve timing and compression.
- Engine for proper or worn camshaft. See
Section
"6A".
- Secondary voltage using a shop ocilliscope or a
spark tester
5-26792 (ST-125) or equivalent.
DETONATION ISPARK KNOCK
Definition: A mild to severe ping, usually worse under
acceleration. The engine makes sharp metallic knocks that
change with throttle opening. Sounds like popcorn popping.
@ Check for obvious overheating problems:
- Low coolant.
- Loose water pump belt.
- Restricted air flow to radiator, or restricted
water flow thru radiator.
- Inoperative electric cooling fan circuit. See
CHART C-12.
@ CHECK:
- Ignition timing. See Vehicle Emission
Control Information label.
- EGR system for not opening - CHART C-7.
- TCC operation - CHART C-8.
- Fuel system pressure. See CHART A-7.
- PROM or MEM-CAL - Be sure it's the correct
one. (See Service Bulletins)
- Valve oil seals for leaking.
@ Check for incorrect basic engine parts such as
cam, heads, pistons, etc.
@ Check for poor fuel quality.
@ Remove carbon with top engine cleaner. Follow
instructions on can.
@ Check ESC system (5.OL & 5.7L)
See CHART C-5
o To help determine if the condition is caused by a
rich or lean system, the car should be driven at
the speed of the complaint.
Monitoring block
learn at the complaint speed will help identify the
cause of the problem.
If the system is runnig lean
(block learn greater than
1381, refer to
"Diagnostic Aids" on facing page of Code 44.
If
the system is running rich (block learn less than
l18), refer to "Diagnostic Aids" on facing page of
Code 45.

6E3-C-1 2.8L (VIN S) DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
COMPONENT SYSTEMS
Section C provides information on the following:
@ General description of components and systems .
e On-vehicle service .
@ Part names and group numbers .
@ Diagnostic charts . These include a functional check of the system as well as diagnosis of any problem
found in the functional check
.
For locations of components. wiring diagrams and ECM Terminal End View refer to the front of the A Sections of
the engine being diagnosed
.
Following are the sub-section identification and the system covered:
Electronic Control Module (ECM) and Sensors
........................... Page C1-I
Fuel Control System ............................................... Page C2-1
Evaporative Emission Control (EECS) System ............................ Page C3-1
Ignition SystemIEST ............................................... Page C4-1
Air Injection Reaction (A.I.R.) System Manual Transmission Only .............. Page C6-1
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System ................................ Page C7-1
Transmission Converter Clutch (TCC) System and Manual Transmission Shift Light Page C8-1
ECM Controlled Air Conditioning .................................... Page C10-I
Cooling Fan Control ............................................... Page C12-1
Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) .................................. Page C13-1
DIAGNOSTIC CHARTS
The Diagnostic Charts for each system are found after the on-car service and parts information at the back of
each section
. Following are the charts found in this section .
@ Chart C-I
@ Chart C-1A
e ChartC-1E
@ Chart C-2A
e Chart C-2C
@ Chart C-3
@ Chart C-4A
@ Chart C-6
@ Chart C-7
@ Chart C-8
@ Chart C-8
@ Chart C-10
@ Chart C-12
@ Chart C-12 ECM
QDR Check ........................................... Page C1-10
Park
Neutral Switch ........................................ Page C1-12
Power Steering Pressure Switch Check .......................... Page C1-14
Injector Balance Test ....................................... Page C2-18
Idle Air Control ........................................... Page C2-20
Canister Purge Valve Check .................................. Page C3-4
Ignition System Check ...................................... Page C4-4
Electric Control (Divert) . (Manual Transmission) .................. Page C6-6
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Check .............................. Page C7-6
Automatic Transmission Converter Clutch (TCC) . 1 of 2 ............. Page C8-2
Automatic Transmission Converter Clutch (TCC) . 2 of 2 ............. Page C8-4
NC Clutch Control ......................................... Page C10-2
. ............. ............... Cooling Fan Control Circuit 1 of 2 Page C12-2
. ............................. Cooling Fan Control Circuit 2 of 2 Page C12-4

6E3-Cl-4 2.8L (VIN S) DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
BarWNeutral Switch (Auto Only)
The ParWNeutral (PIN) switch indicates to the
ECM when the transmission is in Park or Neutral.
This information is used for the TCC and the IAC
valve operation.
Important
Vehicle should not be driven with ParWNeutral
switch disconnected as idle quality will be affected
and a possible false Code
24 (VSS).
See Section "$A" for more information on the PIN
switch, which is part of the neutrallstart and backup
light switch assembly.
NC '"n" Signal
This signal tells the ECM that the A/C selector
Switch is turned on, and that the pressure cycling
switch is closed. The ECM uses this to adjust the idle
Speed when the air conditioning is working.
If this signal is not available to the ECM, idle may
be rough, especially when the
A/C compressor cycles.
The voltage at ECM terminal "B8" should equal
battery voltage when
AIC is requested and the
pressure cycling switch is closed.
The signal at
B8 will cause the ECM to turn on the
A/C clutch by energizing the A/C relay.
Distributor Reference Signal
The distributor sends a signal to the ECM to tell it
both engine RPM and crankshaft position. See EST
System for further information.
To read the codes, use a "Scan" tool or ground the
diagnostic terminal with the engine not running and
the ignition on. The "Service Engine Soon" light will
flash Code 12 three times and
then flash each code
stored in memory three times. All codes stored in
memory would have been read when Code 12 was
flashed again. No new codes can be stored when in the
Diagnostics Mode (diagnostics lead grounded).
This
eliminates confusion while the system is being worked
on. To clear the codes from memory:
@ Ignition off
@ Remove fuse located in a weather proof holder
located near the battery for 30 seconds.
Since the ECM can have
a failure which may
effect only one circuit, following the Diagnostic
Procedures in this section will determine which circuit
has a problem and where it is. If
a diagnostic chart indicates that the ECM
connections or ECM is the cause of
a problem and the
ECM is replaced, but does not correct the problem, one
of the following may be the reason:
€9
connections. - The diagnostic chart will say "ECM
connections or ECM. The terminals may have to be
removed from the connector in order to check them
properly.
@ The ECM or PROM is not correct for the
application.
- The incorrect components may cause a
malfunction and may or may not set a code.
@ The problem is intermittent. - This means that
the problem is not present at the time the system is
being checked. In this case, refer to the "Symptoms"
portion of the manual and make a careful physical
inspection of all portions of the system involved.
@ Shorted solenoid, relay coil, or harness. -
Solenoids and relays are turned "ON" and "OFF" by
the
ECM,using internal electronic switches called
"Drivers". Each driver is part of
a group of four called
"Quad-drivers". Failure of one driver can damage any
other driver in the set.
Solelloid and relay coil
resistance must measure more than 20 ohms. Less
resistance will cause early failure of the ECM
"driver". A shorted solenoid, relay coil, or harness,
with a GMP4 computer, will not damage the ECM, but
will cause the component to be inoperative.
Before replacing an ECM, be sure to check the coil
resistance of all solenoids and relays controlled by the
ECM. See ECM wiring diagram for the
solenoid(s)
and relay(s) and the coil terminal identification.
534636 or BT 8405 testers or equivalent provide
a fast, accurate means of checking for a shorted coil or
a short to battery voltage.
@ The PROM may be faulty. - Although these
rarely fail, it operates as part of the ECM. Therefore,
it could be the cause of the problem. Substitute a
known good PROM.
@ The replacement ECM may be faulty. - After the
ECM is replaced, the system should be rechecked for
proper operation. If the diagnostic chart again
indicates the ECM is the problem, substitute
a known
good ECM. Although this is a rare condition, it could
happen.
ECM
A faulty ECM will be determined in the diagnostic
charts or
by a Code 55.
PROM
A faulty PROM may result in a Code 51.

DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS 2.8L (VIN S) 6E3-C40-1
SECTION CIO
ECM CONTROLLED AIR CONDlTlOlUlNG
CONXENTS
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................ C10-1 DIAGNOSIS ......................... C10-1
OPERATION ....................... C10-1 ON-CARSERVICE ..................... C10-1
GENERAL DESCRIPmON
In order to improve idle quality and wide open
throttle performance, the
NC compressor is controlled
by the ECM.
There are two different types of
AJC systems used
in
GM vehicles. One is referred to as C.C.O.T. (cycling
clutch orifice tube), which uses a fixed displacement
compressor. The other type of system uses a
compressor with
a variable displacement, and is
referred to as the V-5 type system. The V-5 type meets
A/C requirements without cycling. For descriptions of
both types, and an explanation of the components
used, refer to Section
"IB" of the service manual.
OPERATION
The 2.8L engine uses the C.C.O.T. type A/C
system, and is controlled by the ECM. When
NC is
requested, 12V power is supplied to the pressure
cycling switch and to the
NC power relay. The ECM
controls the
A/C clutch by energizing the A/C control
relay. This allows the
EChI to incrctlse idle speed
before turning on
NC to improve idle quality. The
high pressure cut-out switch (normally
closed) opens when head pressure gets too high. This
disables the
A/C clutch, before damage can occur to
the system. This switch opens, when pressure is
greater than about 440 psi (3034
kPa).
See CHART C-10 for diagnosis and wiring
diagram of the electrical portion of the
NC circuit.
DIAGNOSIS
CHART C-10 should be used for diagnosing the
electrical portion of the
A/C circuit. Section "1R"
should
be used for diagnosing the refrigerant portion
of the system.
The "Scan" tool will be used in diagnosing the
system, as it has the ability to read the
A/C request
input to the ECM, as well as displaying when the
ECM has commanded the
A/C clutch "ON".
ON-CAR SERVICE
For removal and replacement procedures of NC
components, refer to Section
" 1" of the service manual.

DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS 5.OL (VIM F) & 5.7L(VIN 8) 6E3-A-1
DIAGNOSIC CIRCUIT CHECK Cold Oxygen Sensor
The "Diagnostic Circuit Check" verifies the On some engines. the Oxygen Sensor will cool off
system is functioning correctly
. Some special after only a short period of operation at idle . This will
considerations to keep in mind while making the put the system into "Open Loop"
. To restore "Closed
"Diagnostic Circuit Check" are:
I. oop" operation. run the engine at part throttle
several minutes and accelerate from idle to part
Blocking Drive Wheels throttle a few times .
The vehicle drive wheels must be blocked while Basic Procedure
checking the system .
If you have not reviewed the Basic Information on
how to use the Diagnostic Procedures. go to the
Introduction of this section
.
SECTION A
ENGINE COMPONENTS
/WIRING DIAGRAMS 1 DIAGNOSTIC CHARTS
........................................................ Component Locations Page A-2
...................................................... Wiring Diagrams. (1 of 4) Page
A-3
ECMTerminal EndView ...................................................... PageA-7
.................................................. Scan Diagnostic Circuit Check Page
A-8
........................................ . No "Service Engine Soon" Light Chart A-I Page A-10
No ALDL Data
. "Service Engine Soon" Light On Steady (Won't Flash Code 12) . Chart A-2 ..... Page A-12
................................... . Engine Cranks But Won't Run Chart A.3, (1 of 2) Page A-14
......................................... Fuel System Diagnosis . Chart A.7, (1 of 2) Page
A-18
.................................................... . Cold Start Valve Chart A-9 Page A-22
..................................................... Code 13 O2 Sensor Circuit Page
A-24
.................................. Code 14 Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit (High) Page
A-26
.................................. Code 15 Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit (Low) Page
A-28
................................. Code 2 I Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Circuit (High) Page
A-30
.................................. Code 22 Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Circuit (Low) Page
A-32
......................... Code 23 Manifold Air Temperature (MAT) Sensor Circuit (Low) Page
A-34
........................................ Code 24 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Circuit Page
A-36
......................... Code 25 Manifold Air Temperature (MAT) Sensor Circuit (High) Page
A-38
..................................... Code 32 Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Circuit Page
A-40
................................... Code 33 Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Circuit (High) Page
A-42
................................... Code 34 Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Circuit (Low) Page
A-44
................................. Code 36 Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Burn-Off Circuit Page
A-46
................................................... Code 41 Cylinder Select Error Page
A-48
...................................... Code 42 Electronic Spark Timing (EST) Circuit Page
A-50
...................................... Code 43 Electronic Spark Control (ESC) Circuit Page
A-52
............................................ Code 44 Oxygen Sensor Circuit (Lean) Page
A-54
............................................. Code 45 Oxygen Sensor Circu~t (Rich) Page
A-56
......................................... Code 46 Vehicle Anti Theft System (VATS) Page
A-58
Code51
MEM.CAL ........................................................... PageA-62
........................................................ Code52CALPAKError PageA-62
................................................... Code 53 System Over Voltage Page
A-62
................................................ Code 54 Fuel Pump Circu~t (Low) Page
2-60