4WD RENAULT ALASKAN 2017 User Guide
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: RENAULT, Model Year: 2017, Model line: ALASKAN, Model: RENAULT ALASKAN 2017Pages: 340, PDF Size: 6.93 MB
Page 70 of 340

Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) air bag warning light (where fitted)
When the ignition switch is in the ON position, the
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) air bag warn-
ing light illuminates for about 7seconds and then
turns off. This indicates the SRS air bag system is
operational.
If any of the following conditions occur, the SRS air
bag system and/or pre-tensioner seat belt (where
fitted) need servicing. Have the system checked,
and if necessary repaired, by an approved dealer or
qualified workshop promptly.
• The SRS air bag warning light remains illumi-
nated after about
7seconds.
• The SRS air bag warning light flashes intermit-
tently.
• The SRS air bag warning light does not come on
at all.
Unless checked and repaired, the SRS air bag sys-
tem and/or pre-tensioner seat belt may not function
properly. (See “Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) (where fitted)” in the “1. Safety —seats, seat
belts and supplemental restraint system” section.) Water-in-fuel-filter warning light
(where fitted)
If the water-in-fuel-filter warning light illuminates
while the engine is running, contact an approved
dealer or qualified workshop as soon as possible. CAUTION
Continuing vehicle operation without properly
draining could cause serious damage to the en-
gine.
INDICATOR LIGHTS Differential lock indicator light
(where fitted)
When the differential lock mode switch is in the ON
position, the differential lock indicator light will blink
and then stay on after the differential gear is com-
pletely locked.
See “Rear differential locking system (where fitted)”
in the “5. Starting and driving” section. Dipped beam indicator light
(where fitted)
The dipped beam indicator light illuminates when
the headlight low beam is on. (See “Headlight and
turn signal switch” later in this section.) Electronic Stability Programme
(ESP) off indicator light
The Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) off indi-
cator light illuminates when the ESP OFF switch is
pushed to the OFF position.
When the ESP OFF switch is pushed to the OFF
position, the ESP system is turned off.
When the rear differential lock is engaged with the
differential lock mode switch or the <4LO> position
is selected with the Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) mode switch, the ESP system is disabled and the ESP off
indicator light illuminates. (See “Electronic Stability
Programme (ESP) system (where fitted)” in the
“5. Starting and driving” section and “Rear differen-
tial locking system (where fitted)” in the “5. Starting
and driving” section.)
Front fog light indicator light
(where fitted)
The front fog light indicator light illuminates when
the front fog lights are on. (See “Fog light switch
(where fitted)” later in this section.) / Front passenger air
bag status light
The front passenger air bag status light ( )l
o-
cated on the instrument panel will illuminate when
the front passenger air bag is turned off with the
front passenger air bag switch. When the front pas-
senger air bag is turned on, the front passenger air
bag status light ( )w
ill illuminate.
For more details, see “Front passenger air bag sta-
tus light (where fitted)” in the “1. Safety —seats,
seat belts and supplemental restraint system” sec-
tion. Glow plug indicator light
(where fitted)
When the ignition switch is in the ON position, the
glow plug indicator light illuminates and turns off
after the glow plugs have warmed up.
If the glow plugs have already warmed up, the glow
plug indicator flashes briefly and then turns off.
2-12 Instruments and controls
Page 72 of 340

Turn signal/hazard warning
lights
The turn signal/hazard warning lights blink when the
turn signal switch lever or hazard warning flasher
switch is on. (See “Turn signal switch” later in this
section or “Hazard warning flasher switch” in the
“6. In case of emergency” section.)
AUDIBLE REMINDERS
Brake pad wear warning The disc brake pads have audible wear warnings.
When abrake pad requires replacement, it will make
ah igh pitched scraping sound when the vehicle is in
motion. This scraping sound will first occur only
when the brake pedal is depressed. After more wear
of the brake pad, the sound will always be heard
even if the brake pedal is not depressed. Have the
brakes checked as soon as possible if the wear
warning sound is heard.
Have the system checked, and if necessary re-
paired, by an approved dealer or qualified workshop
promptly. (See “Brakes” in the “8. Maintenance and
do-it-yourself” section.)
Key reminder chime
The chime will sound if any of the following opera-
tions are detected:
Models with Remote Control Key system:
The chime will sound if the driver side door is opened
while the ignition switch is placed in the ACC posi-
tion. Models without Remote Control Key system:
The chime sounds if the driver’s side door is opened
while the key is left in the ignition switch and the
ignition switch is in the ACC, OFF or LOCK posi-
tion. Remove the key and take it with you when leav-
ing the vehicle.
Light reminder chime
The light reminder chime will sound if the driver’s
side door is opened and the headlight switch is in
either the or position, and the ignition
switch is in the ACC, OFF or LOCK position.
Be sure to turn the headlight switch to the
or
the vehicle.
Parking brake reminder chime
The parking brake reminder chime will sound if the
vehicle is driven at more than 7km/h (4 MPH) with
the parking brake applied. Stop the vehicle and re-
lease the parking brake.
Seat belt warning chime (where fitted)
When the vehicle speed exceeds 15 km/h (10
MPH), the chime will sound unless the driver’s and/
or the front passenger’s seat belts are securely fas-
tened. The chime will continue to sound for about
95 seconds until the seat belt is fastened. The vehicle information display
➀is located be-
tween the tachometer and the speedometer, and it
displays the warnings and information. The follow-
ing items are also displayed:
• Automatic Transmission (AT) (where fitted)
—“
Driving with Automatic Transmission (AT)” in
the “5. Starting and driving” section
• Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) (where fitted)
—“
Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) (where fitted)” in
the “5. Starting and driving” section
• Clock
—“
[Clock]” later in this section
• Trip computer
—“
Trip computer” later in this section
• Cruise control (where fitted)
—“
Cruise control (where fitted)” in the “5. Start-
ing and driving” section JVI0899XZ
VEHICLE INFORMATION DISPLAY
2-14 Instruments and controls
Page 85 of 340

13. Door open warning
This warning appears if any of the doors are open or
not closed securely. The vehicle icon indicates
which door is open on the display. Make sure that all
of the doors are closed.
14. Second row seat belt warning
(where fitted)
This second row seat belt warning appears after the
ignition switch is placed in the ON position. If any of
the second row seat passenger seat belts is not fas-
tened, achime will sound and the seat icon illumi-
nates in red to show which seat belt is not fastened.
The seat icon illuminates in red until the correspond-
ing second row seat passenger’s seat belt is fas-
tened. The warning will automatically turn off after approximately 35 seconds.
For more details and precautions on seat belt us-
age, see “Seat belts” in the “1. Safety —seats, seat
belts and supplemental restraint system” section.
15. 4WD mode indicator (where fitted)
This indicator shows the drive mode of the 4WD
system.
See “Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) (where fitted)” in the
“5. Starting and driving” section for details. 16. Low washer fluid warning
(where fitted)
This warning appears when the washer tank fluid is
at
alow level. Add washer fluid as necessary. (See
“Window washer fluid” in the “8. Maintenance and
do-it-yourself” section.)
17. Key System Error warning
(where fitted)
This warning appears if there is amalfunction in the
Remote Control Key system.
If this warning appears while the engine is stopped,
the engine cannot be started. If this warning ap-
pears while the engine is running, the vehicle can be
driven. However, contact an approved dealer or
qualified workshop for repair as soon as possible.
18. Oil Level Low indicator
(where fitted)
If the low level indicator is displayed, the engine oil
level is low. If the low level indicator is displayed, check the level using the engine oil dipstick. (See
“Checking engine oil level” in the “8. Maintenance
and do-it-yourself” section.)
CAUTION
The oil level should be checked regularly using
the engine oil dipstick. Operating with an insuffi-
cient amount of oil can damage the engine and such damage is not covered by the warranty. 19. Oil level sensor warning
(where fitted)
If the oil level sensor warning is displayed, the en-
gine oil level sensor may be malfunctioning. Contact
an approved dealer or qualified workshop immedi-
ately.
20. Low Oil Pressure Stop vehicle
warning (where fitted)
This warning appears if low engine oil pressure is
detected. If the warning appears during normal driv-
ing, pull off the road in
asafe area, stop the engine
immediately and call an approved dealer or qualified
workshop.
The low oil pressure warning is not designed to indi-
cate alow oil level. Use the dipstick to check the oil
level. (See “Checking engine oil level” in the
“8. Maintenance and do-it-yourself” section.)
CAUTION
Running the engine with the engine oil pressure
warning displayed could cause serious damage
to the engine.
21. 4WD Error warning (where fitted)
This warning appears when the four wheel drive
(4WD) system is not functioning properly while the
engine is running. Reduce vehicle speed and have
your vehicle checked by an approved dealer or quali-
fied workshop. See “Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)
(where fitted)” in the “5. Starting and driving” sec-
tion.
Instruments and controls 2-27
Page 86 of 340

22. Shipping Mode On Push Storage
Fuse warning (where fitted)
This warning may appear if the extended storage
fuse switch is not pushed in (switched on). When
this warning appears, push in (switch on) the ex- tended storage fuse switch to turn off the warning.
For more information, see “Fuses” in the “8. Main-
tenance and do-it-yourself” section.
23. Headlight System Error warning
(where fitted)
This warning appears if the LED headlights are mal-
functioning. Have the system checked by an ap-
proved dealer or qualified workshop.
24. Reminder Turn OFF Headlights
warning
This warning appears when the driver side door is
opened with the headlight switch is left ONand the
ignition switch is placed in the OFF,ACCorLOCK
position. Place the headlight switch in the
formation, see “Headlight and turn signal switch” in
the “2. Instruments and controls” section.
25. Time for adriver break? indicator
This indicator appears when the set [Timer] alarm activates. You can set the time for up to 6hours.
(See “Settings” earlier in this section.) 26. Cruise control indicator
(where fitted)
This indicator shows the cruise control system sta-
tus. The status is shown by the colour.
See “Cruise control (where fitted)” in the “5. Start-
ing and driving” section for details.
27. Automatic Transmission (AT)
position indicator (AT models)
This indicator shows the automatic shift position.
In the manual shift mode, when the transmission
does not shift to the selected gear due to
atrans-
mission protection mode, the AT position indicator
will blink and achime will sound.
For further details, see “Driving with Automatic
Transmission (AT)” in the “5. Starting and driving”
section.
28. Automatic Transmission (AT) Error
warning (AT models)
If the Automatic Transmission (AT) Error warning
appears while the engine is running, or while driv-
ing, it may indicate that the AT is not functioning
properly and may need servicing. Have the system
checked, and if necessary repaired, by an approved
dealer or qualified workshop promptly. 29. Automatic Transmission (AT) park
warning (AT models)
This warning indicates that the Automatic Transmis-
sion (AT) parking function is not engaged. If the
transfer control is not secured in any driving position
while the AT shift lever is in the
P(Park) position, the
transmission will disengage and the wheels will not
lock.
For 4WD model: If the ATP warning appears with
the shift lever in the P(Park) position, shift the
Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) mode switch to the
<2WD>, <4H> or <4LO> position again with the
shift lever in the N(Neutral) position. (See “Four-
Wheel Drive (4WD) (where fitted)” in the “5. Start-
ing and driving” section.) WARNING
If the 4WD mode indicator (see “4WD mode
indicator” in the “5. Starting and driving” section)
is OFF or the ATP warning light is ON, this indi-
cates that the automatic transmission P(Park)
position will not function and could result in the
vehicle moving unexpectedly, causing serious
personal injury or property damage. Always set
the parking brake.
30. Parking Sensor Error warning
(where fitted)
This warning appears when the parking sensor (so-
nar) system is not functioning properly. If the warn-
ing appears, have the system checked by an ap-
proved dealer or qualified workshop.
2-28 Instruments and controls
Page 202 of 340

5
Starting and driving
Starting and driving
Running-in schedule ................................................ 5-2
Before starting engine.............................................. 5-2
Precautions when starting and driving ...................... 5-3 Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide) .......................... 5-3
AdBlue® Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
system (where fitted for diesel engine model) ...... 5-3
Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) (where fitted) ............. 5-5 Automatic regeneration ....................................... 5-6
On-road and off-road driving precautions ................. 5-6 Driving safety precautions ................................... 5-6
Turbocharger system ............................................... 5-8
Care when driving ................................................... 5-8 Engine cold start period ...................................... 5-8
Loading luggage ................................................. 5-8
Driving in wet conditions ..................................... 5-8
Driving in winter conditions ................................. 5-8
Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) (where
fitted) ....................................................................... 5-9 Meter information................................................ 5-12
Activation............................................................ 5-12
New and repositioned TPMS sensors
(including fitment of alternative wheels) ............... 5-12
Adjusting TPMS target pressure ......................... 5-13
Tyre pressure units ............................................. 5-13
[Check cold tyre] message ................................. 5-13
TPMS temperature calibration............................. 5-13
Ignition switch (models without Remote Control
Key system) ............................................................. 5-14
Manual Transmission (MT) .................................. 5-14
Key positions ...................................................... 5-14 Steering lock ...................................................... 5-14
Push-button ignition switch (models with Remote
Control Key system) ................................................ 5-15 Precautions on push-button ignition switch
operation ............................................................ 5-15
Remote Control Key system................................ 5-15
Automatic Transmission (AT) .............................. 5-16
Steering lock ...................................................... 5-16
Ignition switch positions ...................................... 5-16
Remote Control Key battery discharge ................ 5-17
Starting engine (models without Remote Control
Key system) ............................................................. 5-18
Starting engine (models with Remote Control Key
system).................................................................... 5-18
Driving the vehicle.................................................... 5-19 Driving with Automatic Transmission (AT) ........... 5-19
Driving with Manual Transmission (MT) ............... 5-22
Stop/Start System (where fitted) .............................. 5-23
Stop/Start System display................................... 5-24
Stop/Start OFF switch ....................................... 5-25
Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) (where fitted) .................... 5-26 Part time 4WD system ........................................ 5-26
4WD mode switch operation............................... 5-30
4WD mode indicator........................................... 5-30
4WD warning ..................................................... 5-31
Tyre recommendation for 4WD ........................... 5-32
Rear differential locking system (where fitted)........... 5-32
Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) system
(where fitted) ........................................................... 5-33
Page 208 of 340

The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) reduces the
amount of materials that affect the environment by
collecting particulate matter included in exhaust
gases. Normally, particulate matter accumulated in
the DPF is automatically burned and converted to
harmless substances during driving. However, par-
ticulate matter collected in the DPF cannot be
burned under the following conditions:
• When vehicle speed remains below 15 km/h (10
MPH) for
along period of time.
• When the engine is frequently stopped and re-
started within 10 minutes.
• When the vehicle is frequently used for short
journeys of 10 minutes or less.
• When the engine is frequently stopped before it
has warmed up.
In these cases, it becomes difficult to burn particu-
late matter that has accumulated in the DPF auto-
matically. As aresult, the DPF warning light in the
meter will illuminate and the indicator light on the
DPF regeneration switch will blink. This is not amal-
function.
If the DPF warning light comes on, perform the DPF
regeneration process.
CAUTION
If the vehicle continues to be driven with the DPF
warning light illuminated and without doing the
regeneration process, the fail-safe will limit the
engine revolutions and/or torque. In this case, the engine oil must be replaced and the process
of service regeneration must be carried out by an
approved dealer or qualified workshop.
The service regeneration is not covered by the
warranty.
AUTOMATIC REGENERATION
If the DPF warning light comes on, it indicates that
particulate matter has accumulated in the DPF to
the specified limit. Particulate matter collected in the
DPF cannot be burned under low speed driving con-
ditions.
As soon as safely possible, drive the vehicle at a
high speed (more than approximately 80 km/h (50
MPH)) until the DPF warning light turns off. Always
conform to local regulations.
When the accumulated particulate matter has been
completely burned, the DPF warning light will turn
off. Pick-up vehicles have
asignificantly higher roll-
over rate than other types of vehicles.
They have higher ground clearance than passenger
cars to make them capable of performing in awide
variety of on-pavement and off-road applications.
This gives them ahigher centre of gravity than ordi-
nary cars. An advantage of higher ground clearance
is ab etter view of the road, allowing you to antici-
pate problems. However, they are not designed for
cornering at the same speeds as conventional pas-
senger cars any more than low-slung sports cars
are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road
conditions. If at all possible, avoid sharp turns or
abrupt manoeuvres, particularly at high speeds. As
with other vehicles of this type, failure to operate
this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or
vehicle rollover.
For information about driving using Four-Wheel
Drive (4WD) (where fitted), see “Four-Wheel Drive
(4WD) (where fitted)” later in this section.
DRIVING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Please observe the following precautions: WARNING
• Drive carefully when off the road and avoid
dangerous areas. Every person who drives or
rides in this vehicle should be seated with
their seat belt fastened. This will keep you
and your passengers in position when driving
over rough terrain.
ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD
DRIVING PRECAUTIONS
5-6 Starting and driving
Page 209 of 340

•
Do not drive across steep slopes. Instead
drive either straight up or straight down the
slopes. Off-road vehicles can tip over side-
ways much more easily than they can forward
or backward.
• Many hills are too steep for any vehicle. If you
drive up them, you may stall. If you drive down
them, you may not be able to control your
speed. If you drive across them, you may roll
over.
• Do not shift ranges while driving on downhill
grades as this could cause loss of control of
the vehicle.
• Stay alert when driving to the top of
ahill. At
the top there could be adrop-off or other haz-
ard that could cause an accident.
• If your engine stalls or you cannot make it to
the top of
asteep hill, never attempt to turn
around. Your vehicle could tip or roll over.
Always back straight down in R(Reverse)
range. Never back down in N(Neutral) or with
the clutch pedal depressed (MT model) using
only the brake, as this could cause loss of
control.
• Heavy braking going down
ahill could cause
your brakes to overheat and fade, resulting in
loss of control and an accident. Apply brakes
lightly and use alow range to control your
speed.
• Unsecured cargo can be thrown around when
driving over rough terrain. Properly secure all cargo so it will not be thrown forward and
cause injury to you or your passengers.
• To avoid raising the centre of gravity exces-
sively, do not exceed the rated capacity of the
roof rail (where fitted) and evenly distribute
the load. Secure heavy loads in the cargo area
as far forward and as low as possible. Do not
equip the vehicle with tyres larger than speci-
fied in this manual. This could cause your ve-
hicle to roll over.
• Do not grip the inside or spokes of the steer-
ing wheel when driving off-road. The steering
wheel could move suddenly and injure your
hands. Instead drive with your fingers and
thumbs on the outside of the rim.
• Before operating the vehicle, ensure that the
driver and all passengers have their seat belts
fastened.
• Always drive with the floor mats in place as
the floor may became hot.
• Lower your speed when encountering strong
crosswinds. With
ahigher centre of gravity,
your vehicle is more affected by strong side
winds. Slower speeds ensure better vehicle
control.
• Do not drive beyond the performance capabil-
ity of the tyres, even with 4WD engaged.
• Do not attempt to raise two wheels off the
ground and shift the transmission to any drive
or reverse position with the engine running.
Doing so may result in drivetrain damage or unexpected vehicle movement which could
result in serious vehicle damage or personal
injury.
• Do not attempt to test
a4WD equipped ve-
hicle on a2-wheel dynamometer or similar
equipment even if the other two wheels are
raised off the ground. Make sure you inform
test facility personnel that your vehicle is
equipped with 4WD before it is placed on a dynamometer. Using the wrong test equip-
ment may result in drivetrain damage or unex-
pected vehicle movement which could result
in serious vehicle damage or personal injury.
• When
awheel is off the ground due to an
unlevel surface, do not spin the wheel exces-
sively.
• Accelerating quickly, sharp steering manoeu-
vres or sudden braking may cause loss of con-
trol.
• If at all possible, avoid sharp turning manoeu-
vres, particularly at high speeds. Your vehicle
has
ahigher centre of gravity than aconven-
tional passenger car. The vehicle is not de-
signed for cornering at the same speeds as
conventional passenger cars. Failure to oper- ate this vehicle correctly could result in loss
of control and/or arollover accident.
• Always use tyres of the same type, size, brand,
construction (bias, bias-belted or radial), and
tread pattern on all four wheels. Install tyre
chains on the rear wheels when driving on
slippery roads and drive carefully.
Starting and driving 5-7
Page 228 of 340

•
Whenever the Stop/Start System is deactivated
the indicator light ➀on the Stop/Start OFF
switch illuminates. In this condition the Stop/
Start System cannot prevent unnecessary fuel
consumption, exhaust emissions, or noise dur-
ing your journey.
• If the Stop/Start System is malfunctioning, the
indicator light
➀on the Stop/Start OFF switch
illuminates.
NOTE
The Stop/Start System ON or OFF messages dis-
played for afew seconds in the vehicle informa-
tion display when the Stop/Start OFF switch is
pressed. See “Stop/Start System display” earlier
in this section. WARNING
• Do not attempt to raise two wheels off the
ground and shift the transmission to any drive
or reverse position with the engine running.
Doing so may result in drivetrain damage or
unexpected vehicle movement which could
result in serious vehicle damage or personal
injury.
• Do not attempt to test
a4WD equipped ve-
hicle on a2-wheel dynamometer or similar
equipment even if the other two wheels are
raised off the ground. Make sure you inform
test facility personnel that your vehicle is
equipped with 4WD before it is placed on a
dynamometer. Using the wrong test equip-
ment may result in drivetrain damage or unex-
pected vehicle movement which could result
in serious vehicle damage or personal injury.
CAUTION
• Do not drive the vehicle in the <4H> or <4LO>
position on dry hard surface roads. Driving on
dry, hard surfaces in <4H> or <4LO> may
cause unnecessary noise, tyre wear and in-
creased fuel consumption.
If the Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) warning light
turns on when driving on dry hard surface
roads:
–i
nthe <4H> position, shift the 4WD mode
switch to <2WD>. –i
nthe <4LO> position, stop the vehicle and
shift the transmission lever to the N(Neu-
tral) position with the brake pedal
depressed and shift the 4WD mode switch
to <2WD>.
If the 4WD warning light is still on after the
above operation, have your vehicle
checked by an approved dealer or quali-
fied workshop as soon as possible.
• The transfer case may be damaged if you con-
tinue driving with the 4WD warning light blink-
ing.
See “On-road and off-road driving precautions” ear-
lier in this section for other precautions.
PART TIME 4WD SYSTEM
The part time 4WD system provides three drive
modes: <2WD>, <4H> and <4LO>. The desired
drive mode can be selected using the 4WD mode
switch according to the driving conditions. JVS0445X
4WD mode switch
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE (4WD)
(where fitted)
5-26 Starting and driving
Page 229 of 340

JVS0447X
4WD mode indicator
Starting and driving5-27
Page 230 of 340

4WD mode
switch Wheels driven Indicator
Use conditions Operation of 4WD mode switch
(See “4WD mode switch operation” later in this section.)
4WD mode <4LO>
<2WD> Rear wheels
m -
For
driving on dry,
paved roads. Shifting between the <2WD> and <4H> drive
modes can be done while driving.
The indicator will change when the drive mode is
changed.
Shifting between the <2WD> and <4H> modes
must be performed at
aspeed below 100 km/h
(60 MPH).
<4H> Four wheels
m -
For
driving on rough,
sandy or snow-
covered roads.
<4LO> Neutral
m Blinking
The
4LO indicator
blinks when shifting
between <4H> and
<4LO>. Shifting between the <4H> and <4LO> drive
modes:
•S
top the vehicle, depress the clutch pedal (MT
models) and the brake pedal and shift the shift
lever to the N(Neutral) position.
•D epress and turn the 4WD mode switch. The
4WD mode switch will not shift between <4H>
and <4LO> if the transmission is not in the N
(Neutral) position or the vehicle is moving.
•W ait for the 4LO indicator to stop blinking and
stay on or off before shifting your transmission into gear or releasing the clutch pedal (MT
models).
Four wheels
m Stay
on*
For use when
maximum power and
traction are required
at low speeds (for
example, on steep
grades or rocky,
sandy, muddy
roads).
*: When the <4LO> position is selected, the
ESP system is disabled and the ESP off
indicator light illuminates. See “Warning lights,
indicator lights and audible reminders” in the
“2. Instruments and controls” section.
5-28 Starting and driving