brake Seat Alhambra 2005 Owner's Guide

Driving156
V Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h aau
ut
to
om
ma
at
ti
ic
c gge
ea
ar
r bbo
ox
x:
:
T Th
he
e ssy
ys
st
te
em
m iis
s tte
em
mp
po
or
ra
ar
ri
il
ly
y ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f
when the brake or clutch
pedals are used or when the switch
⇒ fig. 148Ais moved to AUS
(not engaged).
The speed stored at this time willr re
em
ma
ai
in
n
in the memory.
To r re
es
su
um
me
e
the previously stored speed push switch
⇒ fig. 148A
fully to the left after the brake or clutch pedals are released.
Furthermore, the system w wi
il
ll
l bbe
e ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f tte
em
mp
po
or
ra
ar
ri
il
ly
y
if the
selector lever is moved to positionsN N
or 1 1
.
The speed stored in the memory at this time w wi
il
ll
l bbe
e dde
el
le
et
te
ed
d
.
S St
to
or
ri
in
ng
g ssp
pe
ee
ed
d
If no speed was saved before the system was temporarily switched
off or if the stored speed was deleted, a new speed can be stored
in the following manner:• Move switch
⇒ fig. 148Afully to the left and hold until the
desired speed has been reached. The speed is stored when the
switch is released.
o or
r
• Press button
⇒ fig. 148Bbriefly. The current speed is stored.K
Switching the system off completely
V
Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h aa mma
an
nu
ua
al
l gge
ea
ar
r bbo
ox
x:
:
The system isc co
om
mp
pl
le
et
te
el
ly
y ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f
when switch
⇒ fig. 148A
is moved entirely to the right (OFF engaged) or when the vehicle is
stopped and the ignition is switched off.
V Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h aau
ut
to
om
ma
at
ti
ic
c gge
ea
ar
r bbo
ox
x:
:
The system isc co
om
mp
pl
le
et
te
el
ly
y ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f
by selecting one of the
following positions by moving the selector lever:
• to positionsP P
, N N
, R R
or 1 1
.
o or
r
by switching the ignition off when the vehicle is stationary.
K
T Th
he
e ppr
ro
og
gr
ra
am
mm
me
ed
d ssp
pe
ee
ed
d mmu
us
st
t oon
nl
ly
y bbe
e rre
es
su
um
me
ed
d wwh
he
en
n iit
t iis
s nno
ot
t tto
oo
o hhi
ig
gh
h ffo
or
r
e ex
xi
is
st
ti
in
ng
g ttr
ra
af
ff
fi
ic
c cco
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
T Th
he
e ppr
ro
og
gr
ra
am
mm
me
ed
d ssp
pe
ee
ed
d mmu
us
st
t oon
nl
ly
y bbe
e rre
es
su
um
me
ed
d iif
f iit
t cco
om
mp
pl
li
ie
es
s wwi
it
th
h tth
he
e ssp
pe
ee
ed
d
r re
eg
gu
ul
la
at
ti
io
on
ns
s oof
f tth
ha
at
t mmo
om
me
en
nt
t.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G

161 Intelligent technology
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
I
In
nt
te
el
ll
li
ig
ge
en
nt
t tte
ec
ch
hn
no
ol
lo
og
gy
y
B
Br
ra
ak
ke
es
s
General notes
• Brake lining wear depends to a large extent on the operating
conditions and style of driving. On vehicles which are used mainly
in town traffic and stop/ start conditions or are driven hard it may
be necessary to have the thickness of the brake linings checked by
a Technical Service Centre in between the intervals given in the
Inspection and Service Schedule.
• Change down in good time when driving downhill, in order to
make use of the engine braking effect. This relieves strain on the
brake system. When the brakes are applied do not keep them on
continuously, apply and release alternately.
K
What can have a negative effect on the brakes?
W We
et
t oor
r ggr
ri
it
tt
te
ed
d rro
oa
ad
d ssu
ur
rf
fa
ac
ce
eO Ov
ve
er
rh
he
ea
at
ti
in
ng
g oof
f tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s
•U
Un
nd
de
er
r cce
er
rt
ta
ai
in
n cco
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s ee.
.g
g.
. aaf
ft
te
er
r ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g tth
hr
ro
ou
ug
gh
h wwa
at
te
er
r,
, hhe
ea
av
vy
y rra
ai
in
n ffa
al
ll
ls
s
o or
r aaf
ft
te
er
r tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e hha
as
s bbe
ee
en
n wwa
as
sh
he
ed
d,
, tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s cco
ou
ul
ld
d sse
et
t iin
n lla
at
te
er
r tth
ha
an
n
n no
or
rm
ma
al
l ddu
ue
e tto
o dda
am
mp
p,
, oor
r iin
n wwi
in
nt
te
er
r –– ffr
ro
oz
ze
en
n,
, bbr
ra
ak
ke
e ddi
is
sc
cs
s aan
nd
d lli
in
ni
in
ng
gs
s –– tth
he
e
b br
ra
ak
ke
es
s mmu
us
st
t ffi
ir
rs
st
t bbe
e ddr
ri
ie
ed
d tth
hr
ro
ou
ug
gh
h cca
ar
re
ef
fu
ul
l bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
•F Fu
ul
ll
l bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g ppo
ow
we
er
r mmi
ig
gh
ht
t aal
ls
so
o sse
et
t iin
n lla
at
te
er
r tth
ha
an
n nno
or
rm
ma
al
l eev
ve
en
n wwh
he
en
n ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g
o on
n ggr
ri
it
tt
te
ed
d rro
oa
ad
ds
s iif
f yyo
ou
u hha
av
ve
e nno
ot
t bbr
ra
ak
ke
ed
d ffo
or
r sso
om
me
e tti
im
me
e –– tth
he
e lla
ay
ye
er
r oof
f ssa
al
lt
t oon
n
t th
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e ddi
is
sk
ks
s aan
nd
d bbr
ra
ak
ke
e lli
in
ni
in
ng
gs
s mmu
us
st
t ffi
ir
rs
st
t bbe
e wwo
or
rn
n ddo
ow
wn
n wwh
hi
il
ls
st
t bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G ((c
co
on
nt
ti
in
nu
ue
ed
d)
)
• • NNe
ev
ve
er
r lle
et
t tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s ““r
ru
ub
b”
” bby
y ppr
re
es
ss
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e ppe
ed
da
al
l tto
oo
o lli
ig
gh
ht
tl
ly
y wwh
he
en
n yyo
ou
u ddo
o
n no
ot
t rre
ea
al
ll
ly
y nne
ee
ed
d tto
o bbr
ra
ak
ke
e.
. TTh
hi
is
s cca
au
us
se
es
s tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s tto
o oov
ve
er
rh
he
ea
at
t,
, lle
ea
ad
ds
s tto
o
l lo
on
ng
ge
er
r bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g ddi
is
st
ta
an
nc
ce
es
s aan
nd
d tto
o aa hhi
ig
gh
he
er
r lle
ev
ve
el
l oof
f wwe
ea
ar
r.
.
• • BBe
ef
fo
or
re
e sst
ta
ar
rt
ti
in
ng
g oon
n aa llo
on
ng
g sst
tr
re
et
tc
ch
h oof
f rro
oa
ad
d iin
n aa vve
er
ry
y hhi
il
ll
ly
y aar
re
ea
a,
, ppl
le
ea
as
se
e rre
ed
du
uc
ce
e
y yo
ou
ur
r ssp
pe
ee
ed
d,
, cch
ha
an
ng
ge
e tto
o aa llo
ow
we
er
r gge
ea
ar
r ((m
ma
an
nu
ua
al
l gge
ea
ar
rb
bo
ox
x)
) oor
r cch
ho
oo
os
se
e aa llo
ow
we
er
r
p po
os
si
it
ti
io
on
n ((a
au
ut
to
om
ma
at
ti
ic
c gge
ea
ar
rb
bo
ox
x)
).
. IIn
n tth
hi
is
s wwa
ay
y yyo
ou
u wwi
il
ll
l uus
se
e tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g ppo
ow
we
er
r oof
f
t th
he
e een
ng
gi
in
ne
e aan
nd
d rre
el
li
ie
ev
ve
e ppr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
e oon
n tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s.
.
• • IIf
f aa ffr
ro
on
nt
t ssp
po
oi
il
le
er
r,
, ffu
ul
ll
l ssi
iz
ze
e wwh
he
ee
el
l ttr
ri
im
ms
s eet
tc
c.
.,
, iis
s rre
et
tr
ro
of
fi
it
tt
te
ed
d,
, iit
t iis
s nne
ec
ce
es
ss
sa
ar
ry
y tto
o
e en
ns
su
ur
re
e tth
ha
at
t tth
he
e ffl
lo
ow
w oof
f aai
ir
r tto
o tth
he
e ffr
ro
on
nt
t bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s iis
s nno
ot
t rre
es
st
tr
ri
ic
ct
te
ed
d –– oot
th
he
er
rw
wi
is
se
e
t th
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
es
s cca
an
n oov
ve
er
rh
he
ea
at
t.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G

Servobrake
Anti-locking brake system*
The ABS plays a major part in increasing the active safety of the
vehicle. The big advantage when compared with a conventional
brake system is that even when braking hard on a slippery road
surface the best possible steerability is retained for the road
condition because the wheels do not lock. S St
te
ee
er
ri
in
ng
g cco
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
l iis
s
t th
he
er
re
ef
fo
or
re
e mma
ai
in
nt
ta
ai
in
ne
ed
d,
, ggi
iv
vi
in
ng
g tth
he
e bbe
es
st
t ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g sst
ta
ab
bi
il
li
it
ty
y ppo
os
ss
si
ib
bl
le
e.
.
However, one must not expect the ABS system to shorten the
braking distance under all conditions. When driving on gravel or on
fresh snow covering a slippery surface, i.e. when one should be
driving very slowly and carefully, the stopping distance may even
be slightly longer.
Modifications to the vehicle (i.e.: the brake system or the drive-
train) may affect the antilock system operation*, for this reason we
advise you to bear in mind the instructions in the "Accessories"
chapter.H Ho
ow
w tth
he
e AAB
BS
S*
* ssy
ys
st
te
em
m wwo
or
rk
ks
s
An automatic check is made when a speed of approx. 6 km/h is
reached. When this happens a pumping noise can be heard.
When the turning speed of a wheel reaches a level which is too low
for the vehicle speed and it tends to lock, the brake pressure to
this wheel is reduced. On the front axle the brake pressure is
regulated for each wheel individually, whereas on the rear axle, the
pressure is regulated for both wheels at the same time. As a result
the braking effect is the same for both rear wheels and the driving
stability is retained as far as possible. T Th
hi
is
s rre
eg
gu
ul
la
at
ti
in
ng
g ppr
ro
oc
ce
es
ss
s
m ma
ak
ke
es
s iit
ts
se
el
lf
f kkn
no
ow
wn
n bby
y mmo
ov
ve
em
me
en
nt
t oof
f tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e ppe
ed
da
al
l aan
nd
d iis
s
a ac
cc
co
om
mp
pa
an
ni
ie
ed
d bby
y nno
oi
is
se
es
s.
.
This is done deliberately as a warning to
the driver that a wheel or the wheels are in the locking range. S So
o
t th
ha
at
t tth
he
e AAB
BS
S cca
an
n rre
eg
gu
ul
la
at
te
e eef
ff
fe
ec
ct
ti
iv
ve
el
ly
y iin
n tth
hi
is
s rra
an
ng
ge
e tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e ppe
ed
da
al
l
m mu
us
st
t rre
em
ma
ai
in
n dde
ep
pr
re
es
ss
se
ed
d –– oon
n nno
o aac
cc
co
ou
un
nt
t ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d iit
t bbe
e ppu
um
mp
pe
ed
d!
!
If a defect occurs on the ABS it is indicated by one or two warning
lamps.
K
162Intelligent technology
T
Th
he
e sse
er
rv
vo
o iis
s oop
pe
er
ra
at
te
ed
d bby
y aa vva
ac
cu
uu
um
m wwh
hi
ic
ch
h iis
s oon
nl
ly
y gge
en
ne
er
ra
at
te
ed
d wwh
he
en
n tth
he
e
e en
ng
gi
in
ne
e iis
s rru
un
nn
ni
in
ng
g.
. FFo
or
r tth
hi
is
s rre
ea
as
so
on
n tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t bbe
e aal
ll
lo
ow
we
ed
d tto
o rro
ol
ll
l
w wi
it
th
h tth
he
e een
ng
gi
in
ne
e ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f.
.
W Wh
he
en
n tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e sse
er
rv
vo
o iis
s nno
ot
t wwo
or
rk
ki
in
ng
g bbe
ec
ca
au
us
se
e,
, ffo
or
r eex
xa
am
mp
pl
le
e,
, tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e iis
s
b be
ei
in
ng
g tto
ow
we
ed
d oor
r aa dde
ef
fe
ec
ct
t hha
as
s ooc
cc
cu
ur
rr
re
ed
d oon
n tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e sse
er
rv
vo
o iit
ts
se
el
lf
f,
, tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ke
e
p pe
ed
da
al
l mmu
us
st
t bbe
e ppr
re
es
ss
se
ed
d cco
on
ns
si
id
de
er
ra
ab
bl
ly
y hha
ar
rd
de
er
r tto
o cco
om
mp
pe
en
ns
sa
at
te
e ffo
or
r tth
he
e aab
bs
se
en
nc
ce
e
o of
f sse
er
rv
vo
o aas
ss
si
is
st
ta
an
nc
ce
e.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
H Ho
ow
we
ev
ve
er
r tth
he
e AAB
BS
S ssy
ys
st
te
em
m cca
an
nn
no
ot
t oov
ve
er
rc
co
om
me
e tth
he
e pph
hy
ys
si
ic
ca
al
l lli
im
mi
it
ts
s.
. TTh
hi
is
s mmu
us
st
t bbe
e
b bo
or
rn
ne
e iin
n mmi
in
nd
d ppa
ar
rt
ti
ic
cu
ul
la
ar
rl
ly
y oon
n ssl
li
ip
pp
pe
er
ry
y oor
r wwe
et
t rro
oa
ad
ds
s.
. WWh
he
en
n tth
he
e AAB
BS
S cco
om
me
es
s
i in
nt
to
o tth
he
e cco
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
l rra
an
ng
ge
e tth
he
e ssp
pe
ee
ed
d mmu
us
st
t iim
mm
me
ed
di
ia
at
te
el
ly
y bbe
e aad
da
ap
pt
te
ed
d tto
o tth
he
e rro
oa
ad
d
a an
nd
d ttr
ra
af
ff
fi
ic
c cco
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
. TTh
he
e iin
nc
cr
re
ea
as
se
ed
d aam
mo
ou
un
nt
t oof
f ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y aav
va
ai
il
la
ab
bl
le
e mmu
us
st
t nno
ot
t
t te
em
mp
pt
t oon
ne
e iin
nt
to
o tta
ak
ki
in
ng
g rri
is
sk
ks
s.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G

164Intelligent technology
W
Wh
he
ee
el
ls
sp
pi
in
n cco
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
l ((T
TC
CS
S)
)
In vehicles with front wheel traction, the TCS lowers the engine
power to stop the wheel spinning when you accelerate. This feature
works at any speed in combination with the ABS. If there is an ABS
breakdown, the TCS stops working.
Vehicles fitted with TCS are also fitted with an electronic differential
lock (EDL).
The EDL makes it much easier, or even possible, to pull away,
accelerate and climb steep gradiants in unfavourable conditions.
The EDL works fully automatically – the driver does not need to do
anything at all.
It uses the ABS sensors to monitor the speed of the driving wheels.
Up to a speed of about 80 km/h (50 mph), a difference in speed of
the drive wheels of approximately 100 rpm caused by a slippery
road surface on o on
ne
e ssi
id
de
e
is balanced out by slowing down the
wheel which is slipping and thereby applying more driving force to
the other drive wheel through the differential.
T Th
hi
is
s cco
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
l ppr
ro
oc
ce
ed
du
ur
re
e cca
an
n bbe
e dde
et
te
ec
ct
te
ed
d bby
y tth
he
e sso
ou
un
nd
d iit
t mma
ak
ke
es
s.
.
I In
n oor
rd
de
er
r tto
o oob
bt
ta
ai
in
n tth
he
e bbe
es
st
t ppo
os
ss
si
ib
bl
le
e eef
ff
fe
ec
ct
t ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e EED
DL
L,
, aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s uus
se
e
t th
he
e ccl
lu
ut
tc
ch
h aan
nd
d aac
cc
ce
el
le
er
ra
at
to
or
r ppe
ed
da
al
ls
s aac
cc
co
or
rd
di
in
ng
g tto
o tth
he
e rro
oa
ad
d
c co
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
.To ensure that the brake disc of the braked wheel does not
overheat, the EDL will automatically switch itself off if excessive
demands are placed on it. The vehicle remains operational and has
the same characteristics as a vehicle without EDL. For this reason,
the switching off of the EDL is not noticed.
As soon as the brakes have cooled off, the EDL will switch itself
back on again.
If the ABS warning lamp lights up there may be a fault present in
the EDL. Take the vehicle to a Technical Service Centre as soon as
possible!
The TCS connects automatically once the engine is started. If
necessary, it can be connected or disconnected by pressing shortly
the button located on the central console.
When the TCS is switched off a pilot light comes on.
You should normally always have the TCS on. Only in exceptional
circumstances when you want the wheels to spin should you
switch it off. For instance:
– When you are using snow chains.
– When driving in deep snow or on a soft surface.
– When the car is stuck, to “rock” it out, and

W Wh
he
en
n aac
cc
ce
el
le
er
ra
at
ti
in
ng
g oon
n aa ssl
li
ip
pp
pe
er
ry
y rro
oa
ad
d ssu
ur
rf
fa
ac
ce
e,
, ee.
.g
g.
. oon
n iic
ce
e oor
r ssn
no
ow
w,
, uus
se
e tth
he
e
a ac
cc
ce
el
le
er
ra
at
to
or
r ppe
ed
da
al
l cca
ar
re
ef
fu
ul
ll
ly
y.
. TTh
he
e wwh
he
ee
el
ls
s cca
an
n ssp
pi
in
n,
, eev
ve
en
n wwi
it
th
h EED
DL
L,
, aan
nd
d tth
hu
us
s
i im
mp
pa
ai
ir
r ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g sst
ta
ab
bi
il
li
it
ty
y.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
T Th
he
e sst
ty
yl
le
e oof
f ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g mmu
us
st
t aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s bbe
e aad
da
ap
pt
te
ed
d tto
o ssu
ui
it
t tth
he
e rro
oa
ad
d ssu
ur
rf
fa
ac
ce
e aan
nd
d
t tr
ra
af
ff
fi
ic
c cco
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
. TTh
he
e iin
nc
cr
re
ea
as
se
ed
d ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y oof
ff
fe
er
re
ed
d bby
y tth
he
e EED
DL
L ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t
e en
nc
co
ou
ur
ra
ag
ge
e oon
ne
e tto
o tta
ak
ke
e uun
nn
ne
ec
ce
es
ss
sa
ar
ry
y rri
is
sk
ks
s.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G

165 Intelligent technology
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
– To go up slopes where each traction wheel is on a surface with a
very different grip (I.e. ice on the left, dry asphalt on the right). The
EDS continues to function under these conditions.
Afterwards you should always reconnect this device.
N No
ot
te
e
For the TCS to work properly all four wheels should be the same. Otherwise
engine performance may be reduced.
⇒“Changing wheels”. K
E El
le
ec
ct
tr
ro
on
ni
ic
c SSt
ta
ab
bi
il
li
it
ty
y PPr
ro
og
gr
ra
am
m ((E
ES
SP
P)
)*
*
The ESP increases the control over the vehicle in situations such as
accelerating or in turns.
The ESP expands the functions of the ABS/TCS and decreases
under any circumstance the risk of skidding. This contributes to an
improved stability of the vehicle.The system works in the realm of speed in relation to the ABS. In
case of a failure of the ABS, the ESP will also fail.
The ESP connects automatically when the engine is switched on
and checks itself.
If needed, the system can be switched on or off by pressing the
button.
When the system is off, the ESP warning light will light up
⇒
"Warning lights" chapter.
The ESP should always be connected. Only in exceptional cases,
when the skidding effect is desired under extremely sporty
conditions, the system can be disconnected.
Afterwards the system should be reconnected.
The ABS and EDS
⇒"Switches" chapter remain connected even
when the ESP is off.
F Fu
un
nc
ct
ti
io
on
ni
in
ng
g
The electronic stability program encompasses the ABS, EDS and
TCS. In addition to all available data for these functions, the ESP
control unit needs additional measurements supplied by high
precision sensors. The measuring data consists of the speed at
which the vehicle turns around its vertical axis, acceleration,
pressure on brakes and the turn of the steering wheel.
With the help of the steering wheel sensor and the vehicle’s
speed, the desired direction is determined and constantly
compared to the vehicle’s real behavior. When differences occur,
such as incipient skidding, the ESP automatically brakes the
adequate wheel.
D Dr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g sst
ty
yl
le
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s bbe
e mmo
od
di
if
fi
ie
ed
d tto
o ssu
ui
it
t tth
he
e ttr
ra
af
ff
fi
ic
c aan
nd
d rro
oa
ad
d
c co
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
. TTh
he
e ggr
re
ea
at
te
er
r ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y ppr
ro
ov
vi
id
de
ed
d bby
y tth
he
e TTC
CS
S ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t lle
ea
ad
d yyo
ou
u tto
o
t ta
ak
ke
e ggr
re
ea
at
te
er
r rri
is
sk
ks
s.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G


166Intelligent technology
The vehicle stabilizes through the braking force on the wheel. If the
vehicle swings out (tendency of the tail to swing out) the brakes
will act on the exterior front wheel. In case the swerve is
insufficient (tendency to leave the curve) the braking force willbe
exerted on the interior rear wheel The braking generates a noise.P Po
ow
we
er
r sst
te
ee
er
ri
in
ng
g
Do not keep the steering wheel fully turned more than 15 seconds
when the engine is switched on, as the hydraulic oil will be heated
to a high temperature by the servo pump.
T Th
hi
is
s cco
ou
ul
ld
d dda
am
ma
ag
ge
e tth
he
e ppo
ow
we
er
r sst
te
ee
er
ri
in
ng
g ssy
ys
st
te
em
m.
.
Furthermore every time you turn the steering wheel as far as it will
go with the engine off, you will hear a series of noises made by the
excessive effort of the servo pump. The engine tick over may also
be reduced for a short time.
K
T Th
he
e EES
SP
P cca
an
nn
no
ot
t oov
ve
er
rc
co
om
me
e pph
hy
ys
si
ic
ca
al
l lli
im
mi
it
ts
s.
. TTh
hi
is
s mmu
us
st
t bbe
e bbo
or
rn
ne
e iin
n mmi
in
nd
d
p pa
ar
rt
ti
ic
cu
ul
la
ar
rl
ly
y oon
n wwe
et
t oor
r iic
cy
y rro
oa
ad
ds
s.
.
T Th
he
e ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g sst
ty
yl
le
e mmu
us
st
t aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s bbe
e aad
da
ap
pt
te
ed
d tto
o tth
he
e rro
oa
ad
d aan
nd
d ttr
ra
af
ff
fi
ic
c cco
on
nd
di
it
ti
io
on
ns
s.
.
T Th
he
e iin
nc
cr
re
ea
as
se
ed
d ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y oof
ff
fe
er
re
ed
d bby
y tth
he
e EES
SP
P ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t een
nc
co
ou
ur
ra
ag
ge
e oon
ne
e tto
o tta
ak
ke
e
u un
nn
ne
ec
ce
es
ss
sa
ar
ry
y rri
is
sk
ks
s.
.
K
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NI
IN
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G

169 Your vehicle and the environment
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
E
En
nv
vi
ir
ro
on
nm
me
en
nt
t-
-f
fr
ri
ie
en
nd
dl
ly
y aan
nd
d eec
co
on
no
om
mi
ic
ca
al
l
d dr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g
General notes
Three factors determine the fuel consumption, the burden on the
environment and the wear on the engine, brakes and tyres:
•The personal driving style.
•The individual conditions of the use of the car.
•Technical prerequisites.
The fuel consumption can be reduced by 10 to 15 percent by
adopting a thoughtful and economic driving style. This chapter will
help you lower pollution and save money by following
10 suggestions.
K
Suggestion 1. Thoughtful driving style
The highest fuel consumption takes place during acceleration. If
you drive in a thoughtful manner you will have to brake less and,
therefore, accelerate less. You can also let the vehicle roll, i.e.
when you can foresee that the following traffic light will be red.
K
Suggestion 2. Changing gears saves energy
Another way to save fuel is to change up as quickly as possible. If
you drive with high engine revs the car will use up more energy.
The fig. 151shows the relation between the consumption (l/100
km) and speed (km/h) in first, second, third, fourth and fifth gear.
The following rules may be helpful. Never drive more than a few
meters in first gear. When you reach 2,000 revolutions, you should
change up.
If you drive a vehicle with an automatic gearbox, press the
accelerator pedal gently. Do not press it to the kick-down position.
This way, a consumption oriented program is automatically
selected. It changes up as soon as possible and takes longer to
change down.
K
30 50 70km/h
90
l/100km
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B45-354PFig. 151

175 Your vehicle and the environment
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
• As driving stability of vehicle and trailer decreaseswhen the
speed increases do not drive at the maximum permissible top
speed in unfavourable road, weather or wind conditions –
particularly when going downhill.
In any case the speed must be reduced as soon as the trailer
shows the slightest sign of snaking. On no account try to stop the
snaking by accelerating.
• • FFo
or
r ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y rre
ea
as
so
on
ns
s oon
ne
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t ddr
ri
iv
ve
e ffa
as
st
te
er
r tth
ha
an
n 880
0 kkm
m/
/h
h
( (5
50
0 mmp
ph
h)
).
. TTh
hi
is
s aal
ls
so
o aap
pp
pl
li
ie
es
s iin
n cco
ou
un
nt
tr
ri
ie
es
s wwh
he
er
re
e hhi
ig
gh
he
er
r ssp
pe
ee
ed
ds
s aar
re
e
p pe
er
rm
mi
it
tt
te
ed
d.
.
• Always brake in good time. If the trailer has an overrun brake,
apply the brakes gently at first then firmly. This will avoid the
jerking caused by the trailer wheels locking.
Change down before going down a steep hill so thatthe engine
can act as a brake.
• When a long climb in a low gear with extremely high engine revs
must be negotiated at exceptionally high ambient temperatures
the coolant temperature gauge must be observed. When the gauge
needle moves to the right end of the scale, the road speed must be
reduced immediately.
• The cooling effect of the radiator fan cannot be increased by
changing down, because the speed of the fan is not dependent on
the engine speed. One should therefore not change down even
when towing a trailer as long as the engine can cope without the
vehicle speed dropping too much.
K
General notes
• • DDu
ur
ri
in
ng
g tth
he
e rru
un
nn
ni
in
ng
g iin
n ppe
er
ri
io
od
d yyo
ou
u ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d aav
vo
oi
id
d tto
ow
wi
in
ng
g aa ttr
ra
ai
il
le
er
r iif
f
p po
os
ss
si
ib
bl
le
e.
.
• • IIt
t iis
s aad
dv
vi
is
sa
ab
bl
le
e tto
o hha
av
ve
e tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e sse
er
rv
vi
ic
ce
ed
d bbe
et
tw
we
ee
en
n tth
he
e
I In
ns
sp
pe
ec
ct
ti
io
on
n iin
nt
te
er
rv
va
al
ls
s iif
f iit
t iis
s uus
se
ed
d ffr
re
eq
qu
ue
en
nt
tl
ly
y ffo
or
r tto
ow
wi
in
ng
g aa ttr
ra
ai
il
le
er
r.
.
• The trailer and drawbar load figures on the data plate of the
towing bracket are for test certification only. The correct figuresfor
the vehicle, which may be lower than the above figures, are given
in the vehicle documents and in this manual.
• When using the towing device the car’s empty weight is reduced,
and as a result its effective load is decreased.
• Observe all statutory requirements regarding the use of a
trailer.
K

181 Care and maintenance
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
Steel wheels
The wheels and the wheel trims should be cleaned thoroughly at
regular intervals when the vehicle is being washed. This will
prevent brake dust, dirt and road salt from accumulating on the
wheel. Persistent ingrained brake dust can be removed with an
industrial grime remover. Paint damage should be repaired before
rust can form.
K
Alloy wheels*
In order to maintain the smart appearance of alloy wheels for a
long period, regular care is necessary. In particular, salt and brake
pad dust must be washed off thoroughly at least every two weeks
otherwise the surface of the alloy will be damaged. After being
washed, the wheels should be treated with an acid-free cleaner for
alloy wheels. About every three months it is necessary to give
wheels a good rubbing with hard wax. Paint polish or other
abrasive solutions must not be used. If the protective paint coat
has been damaged, e.g. by stone impact, the damaged spots
should be dealt with as soon as possible.
Cleaning and anti-corrosion treatment of engine
compartment
The leaves, blossoms etc. which drop into the water box
(underneath the engine bonnet in front of the windscreen) should
be cleaned out occasionally. This will prevent the water drain holes
from becoming blocked and – on vehicles without a dust and
pollen filter – foreign bodies entering the vehicle interior via the
heating and ventilation system.
The engine compartment and the outside surface of the power unit
are given anti-corrosion treatment at the factory.
In the winter when the vehicle is being driven frequently on salted
roads, good anti-corrosion treatment is very important. For this
reason the entire engine compartment and the plenum chamber
should be thoroughly cleaned before and after the salting period
and then preserved so that the salt cannot have a damaging effect.
T Th
he
e iig
gn
ni
it
ti
io
on
n mmu
us
st
t bbe
e ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oof
ff
f bbe
ef
fo
or
re
e wwa
as
sh
hi
in
ng
g tth
he
e een
ng
gi
in
ne
e.
.
D Do
o nno
ot
t ppo
oi
in
nt
t tth
he
e wwa
at
te
er
r jje
et
t ddi
ir
re
ec
ct
tl
ly
y aat
t tth
he
e hhe
ea
ad
dl
li
ig
gh
ht
ts
s tto
o aav
vo
oi
id
d
d da
am
ma
ag
ge
e.
.
P
Pl
le
ea
as
se
e nno
ot
te
e wwh
he
en
n ccl
le
ea
an
ni
in
ng
g tth
he
e wwh
he
ee
el
ls
s tth
ha
at
t dda
am
mp
pn
ne
es
ss
s,
, iic
ce
e aan
nd
d ggr
ri
it
t cca
an
n
h ha
av
ve
e aa nne
eg
ga
at
ti
iv
ve
e eef
ff
fe
ec
ct
t oon
n tth
he
e bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g ppo
ow
we
er
r.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
•B Be
ef
fo
or
re
e wwo
or
rk
ki
in
ng
g iin
n tth
he
e een
ng
gi
in
ne
e cco
om
mp
pa
ar
rt
tm
me
en
nt
t,
, rre
ea
ad
d tth
he
e nno
ot
te
es
s iin
n tth
he
e
" "E
En
ng
gi
in
ne
e cco
om
mp
pa
ar
rt
tm
me
en
nt
t"
" cch
ha
ap
pt
te
er
r.
.
•F
Fo
or
r ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y rre
ea
as
so
on
ns
s ppu
ul
ll
l oou
ut
t iig
gn
ni
it
ti
io
on
n kke
ey
y bbe
ef
fo
or
re
e rre
ea
ac
ch
hi
in
ng
g iin
nt
to
o tth
he
e wwa
at
te
er
r
b bo
ox
x.
. OOt
th
he
er
rw
wi
is
se
e iif
f tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n wwi
ip
pe
er
rs
s aar
re
e ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
ed
d oon
n uun
ni
in
nt
te
en
nt
ti
io
on
na
al
ll
ly
y
t th
he
e mmo
ov
ve
em
me
en
nt
t oof
f tth
he
e wwi
ip
pe
er
r lli
in
nk
k cco
ou
ul
ld
d cca
au
us
se
e iin
nj
ju
ur
ry
y.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G


185 Checking and refilling
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
85 kW Petrol engine
Page
1Oil dipstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
2Oil filler opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
3Brake fluid reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
4Battery cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
5Coolant expansion tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
6Windscreen washer container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197K
Fig. 157
123
6
54
AL0-044