wheel SSANGYONG KORANDO 2012 Service Manual

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6) HSA (Hill Start Assist)
The HSA (Hill Start Assist) prevents the vehicle from rolling backward by supplying the hydraulic
pressure to the wheels by the HECU after the brake pedal is released when starting off on uphill.

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Circuit description ▶
When compared to the vehicle equipped with ABS/EBD only, the internal hydraulic circuit has a
normally-open separation valve and a shuttle valve in primary circuit and in secondary circuit.
When the vehicle brakes are not applied during engine running or when applying the non-ABS operating
brakes, the normally-open separation valve and the inlet valve are open, whereas the normally-closed
shuttle valve and the outlet valve are closed.
When the ESP system is operating, the normally-open separation valve will be closed by the solenoid
valve operation and the hydraulic circuit will be established by the shuttle valve. Then, the inlet and outlet
valves will be closed or open depending on the braking pressure RISE, HOLD or DUMP conditions.
Flashing warning lamp and warning sound during ESP operation ▶
When the ESP operates while the vehicle is moving, the ESP warning lamp on the instrument panel
flickers and the buzzer sounds at every 0.1 second. The ESP lamp operation is to inform a driver that the
vehicle is extremely unstable.
The ESP system is just a supplementary system for the vehicle and it cannot control the vehicle over the
physical limit. Do not solely rely on the system but be advised to drive the vehicle safely.
Drive feeling during ESP operation ▶
When the ESP system activates, the driving feeling can be different depending on vehicle driving
conditions. For example, it will feel different when the ESP system is activated while the ABS is operated
by depressing the brake pedal and when the ESP system is in control without the brake pedal
depressed on the same curve.
If the ESP system operates with the brake applied, the brake pressure will be increased on the
corresponding wheel which already has braking pressure for the ESP controls. In other words, the ESP
system would make the driver feel more abruptly braked compared to the situation that the braking
pressure is applied to wheel which had no braking force.
Noise and vibration that driver senses during ESP operation ▶
The ESP system may transfer noise and vibration to a driver due to the pressure changes caused by the
motor and valve operations in a very short period of time.
Extreme cornering will trigger the ESP operation and this will make the driver sense noise and vibration
due to sudden brake application.
Also, the ESP system controls the engine power. Therefore, the driver may notice the engine power
decreases even when the accelerator pedal is depressed.

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1) Idling and Normal Braking Condition
In this position, the separation valve and the inlet valve are open (normal open), the electrically operated
shuttle valve and the outlet valve are closed.
When the brake is applied under these conditions, the brake fluid will be sent to each wheel via the
separation valve and inlet valve.

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2) DUMP (ESP is working) Mode
The pressure decreases just before the wheel speed drops and the wheels are locked.
The inlet valve closes and the outlet valve opens as in the ABS HECU and the oil is gathered at the low
pressure chamber while no additional oil is being supplied. Then the pump operates to allow fast oil
drainage. The shuttle valve and the separation valve do not operate while decompression.

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3) HOLD (ESP is working) Mode
The Inlet valve and outlet valve will be closed to maintain the pressure in the hydraulic circuit applied at
the wheels. By closing the valves, the hydraulic pressure at the wheels will not be lost or supplied any
more. During ESP operation, the separation valve closes and only the shuttle valve at the pump opens.

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4) RISE (ESP is working) Mode
The shuttle valve and inlet valve will be open and the separation valve and outlet valve will be closed.
Then, the pump is operated. When ESP operates while the ABS is operating, the pressure will be
increased continuously until just before the corresponding wheel gets locked.

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5) Hydraulic Circuit of HBA
The above figure shows one front and one rear wheel and the same hydraulic circuit forms as in the ESP
operation. When HECU recognizes that it is an emergency and it is required for hard braking, depending
on the pressure value of the brake pressure sensor and pressure changes caused by the pressure sensor
timing, it operates the pump immediately to apply the brake pressure at the wheels. Then, the pressure in
the pump increases until just before the corresponding wheel gets locked. The motor still keeps rotating
and the outlet valve and the separation valve will stay closed. When the wheel starts to lock, the HBA
function cancels and switches to ABS operation.

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7. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Wheel speed sensor, Stop lamp switch, Self diagnostic connector, Warning lamp (ABS/ESP) ▶

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1. SPECIFICATION (HPS)
Component Item Specification
Steering wheel Type 3-spoke
Outside diameterΦ 380 mm
Number of revolutions 3.11 rotations
Heated wire Simple ON/OFF
Gear box Type Rack and pinion
Gear ratio 46.94
Rack stroke± 73 mm
Steering angle Inner39°
Outer31.24°
Wheel alignment Toe-in2 ± 2 mm
Oil pump Type Vane (removable pump and reservoir)
Maximum pressure100 ± 3 bar
Displacement6.0 to 9.75 ℓ/min
Pulley diameterΦ 115 mm
Steering column Tilting angle Up + 2.0
Down - 30
Lower shaft Type Ball slip
Steering oil Oil typeATF Dexron Ⅱ or Ⅲ
Oil reservoir capacity1 ℓ
Change interval EU (Diesel): Check and add at every 20,000
km
GEN (Diesel, Gasoline): Check and add at
every 15,000 km
Turning capability Min. turning radius 5.4 m

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2. TIGHTENING TORQUE
Item Tightening torque Remark
1. Power steering reservoir mounting bolt 8.8 to 13.7 Nm 12 mm x 2 EA
2. Power steering
pumpUpper mounting bolt/nut25 ± 2.5 Nm13 mm x 1 EA
Lower mounting bolt25 ± 2.5 Nm12 mm x 2 EA
3. Oil pipe Eye bolt (pump side) 53.9 to 63.7 Nm 22 mm
Steering gear box side nut 31.4 to 37.2 Nm 17 mm
4. Oil pipe bracket mounting nut 6.8 to 10.8 Nm 10 mm
5. Tie rod end lock nut 44.1 to 53.9 Nm 17 mm
6. Tie rod nut 63.7 to 78.4 Nm 22 mm
7. Lower shaft Lower mounting bolt
(gear box side)17.6 to 24.5 Nm 12 mm
Upper mounting bolt (column
side)17.6 to 24.5 Nm 12 mm
8. Column shaft Lower mounting bolt 19.6 to 24.5 Nm 12 mm
Upper mounting nut 19.6 to 24.5 Nm 12 mm
9. Steering wheel nut 39.2 to 58.8 Nm 22 mm
10. Loosened gear box mounting bolt/nut Left: 98.0 to 127.4 Nm 17 mm
Right: 88.3 to 107.9 Nm 17 mm
11. Heat shield mounting bolt 8.8 to 13.7 Nm 12 mm x 2 EA