Intake SSANGYONG KORANDO 2013 Owner's Manual

3) Inspection of Turbine
Thoroughly check the followings.
Interference: In case where is trace of interference or smallest damage on the compressor wheel
means, most of times, that abrasion has occurred on the journal bearing. Must inspect after the
overhaul.
Oil Leakage: The reason for oil leakage at the compressor section is the air cleaner, clogged by
substances such as dust, causes the compressor inlet negative pressure. -
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Rotating in high speed at no-load for extended period of time can cause oil leakage to the
compressor section as oil pressure within the center housing gets higher than pressure within the
compressor housing.
Overuse of engine break (especially in low gear) in down hill makes significantly low exhaust gas
energy compared to the time where great amount of air is required during idling conditions of the
engine. Therefore, amount of air in the compressor inlet increases but the turbocharge pressure
is not high, which makes negative pressure at the compressor section causing the oilleakage
within the center housing. a.
b.
No problem will occur with the turbocharger if above conditions are found in early stage but oil
leaked over long period of time will solidify at each section causing to breakout secondary
defects.
Damages by foreign materials: In case where the compressor wheel is damaged by foreign materials
requires having an overhaul. At this time, it's necessary to check whether the foreign materials have
contaminated intake/exhaust manifold or inside of engine.
Must absolutely not operate the turbocharger with the compressor outlet and inlet opened
as it could damage the turbocharger or be hazardous during inspection.

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3. TROUBLESHOOTING
The followings are cautions to take in handling defects of turbocharger, which must be fully aware of.
1) Cautions
After stopping the engine, check whether the bolts on pipe connecting section are
loose as well as the connecting condition of vacuum port and modulator, which is
connected to the actuator.
During idling of the engine, check for leakage in the connecting section of pipe (hoses
and pipes, duct connections, after the turbocharger) by applying soap water. The
leakage condition in the engine block and turbine housing opening can be determined
by the occurrence of abnormal noise of exhaust.
By running the engine at idle speed, abnormal vibration and noise can be checked.
Immediately stop the engine when abnormal vibration and noise is detected and make
thorough inspection whether the turbocharger shaft wheel has any damages as well as
checking the condition of connections between pipes.
In case where the noise of engine is louder than usual, there is possibility of dampness
in the areas related with air cleaner and engine or engine block and turbocharger. And
it could affect the smooth supply of engine oil and discharge.
Check for damp condition in exhaust gas when there is sign of thermal discoloration or
discharge of carbon in connecting area of the duct.
When the engine rotates or in case where there is change in noise level, check for
clogging of air cleaner or air cleaner duct or if there is any significant amount of dust in
the compressor housing.
During the inspection of center housing, inspect inside of the housing by removing the
oil drain pipe to check for sludge generation and its attachment condition at shaft area
or turbine side.
Inspect or replace the air cleaner when the compressor wheel is damaged by inflow of
foreign materials.
Inspect both side of the turbocharger wheel after removing inlet and outlet pipe of the
turbocharger.
- Is the rotation smooth when the rotor is rotated by hand?
- Is the movement of bearing normal?
- Inspect whether there has been any signs of interference between two wheels. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
It's important not to drive the engine when the intake manifold hose has been removed.

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1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION OF E-VGT
(Electric-Variable Geometry Turbine)
A turbocharger is a centrifugal compressor powered by a high speed turbine that is driven by an engine's
exhaust gases. Its benefit lies with the compressor increasing the mass of air entering the engine (forced
induction), thereby resulting in greater performance (for either, or both, power and efficiency). As the
turbine, at exhaust end, is rotated by exhaust gas pressure the impeller, at intake end, gets rotated to
send air around center of the impeller, being circumferentially accelerated by the centrifugal force, into
the diffuser. The air, which has been introduced to the diffuser having a passage with big surface,
transforms its speed energy into the pressure energy while being supplied to the cylinder improving the
volume efficiency. Also, the exhaust efficiency improves as the exhaust turbine rotates. The
turbocharger is often referred to as the exhaust turbine turbocharger.
The E-VGT system installed to the D20DTF engine variably controls the passages of the turbine
housing to regulate the flow rate of the exhaust gas. The actuator of E-VGT is a DC motor actuator (E-
Actuator) which controls more quickly and precisely than the previous vacuum type actuator.
The engine ECU controls the E-Actuator electronically as follows:
Diffuser: With the meaning of spreading out it is a device that transforms fluid's speed energy into the
pressure energy by enlarging the fluid's passage to slow down the flow.
At low speed: Narrows the flow passage for the exhaust gas, resulting in increasing the flow speed
of the exhaust gas and running the turbine quickly and powerfully.
At high speed: Expands the flow passage for the exhaust gas, resulting in increasing the mass flow
of the exhaust gas and running the turbine more powerfully. -
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Maximizes the intake air charging efficiency (Approx. 15%) -Optimizes the exhaust gas flow rate by controlling the vanes inside the turbine housing with the E-
Actuator. 1.
(2) E-Actuator (Electric-Actuator, Rotary type)
Target temperature and airflow control -Enhanced emission control: By temperature control with CDPF system 1.
(1) Performance (for EURO V)
Has a faster response time than the conventional vacuum actuator 2.
Improved low speed torque, high speed power and fuel economy.
Improved acceleration performance with rapid response time of vane -
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1) Features
Features
BenefitsFolding and unfolding of the vane
is controlled electrically
Easy to get low speed air volume
Rapid response time
Electric control -
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Improved low speed torque
Improved low speed torque and
power
Reduced exhaust gas
Improved fuel consumption
Improved acceleration
performance -
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Basic principle at low speed
At low speed, it utilizes the principle of venturi. For
example, when air flows through the venturi tube,
the flow speed is faster and the pressure is lower
at the point "A". In this case, if the inner diameter
of venturi is more narrowed, the flow speed is so
much faster (refer to the equation).
Control
rangeTurbocharger driving
mechanismControl method
EffectImproved
performance
At low
speedNarrows the flow
passage for the
exhaust gas by
folding the vanesThe flow rate is
increased as the
exhaust gas passes
the narrow passage
turbine & impeller
speed, Increased
compressive forceImproved
low speed torque
4. OPERATING PRINCIPLES
The E-VGT is designed to get more improved engine power in all ranges by controlling the turbine as
follows:
1) How it Works at Low Speed
Normal turbocharger cannot get the turbo effect because the amount of exhaust gas is not enough and
the flow speed is slow in a low speed zone, but VGT allows the flow passage of exhaust to narrow,
resulting in increasing the flow speed of exhaust gas and running the turbine quickly and powerfully.
Therefore, as VGT can intake more air than normal turbocharger, it can give the benefit of the increased
output even in a low speed zone.
Turbocharger lag
The turbocharger is at idle speed when there is no load or it is in the normal driving condition. During
this period, the amount of exhaust gas passing through the turbine is not enough to turn the
compressor wheel (impeller) fast. Therefore, the intake air is not compressed as needed.
Because of this, it takes time for turbocharger to supply the additional power after the accelerator
pedal is depressed. This is called "turbocharger lag".

2) How it Works at High Speed
In a high speed zone, the amount of exhaust gas increases and it is accompanied with a great force.
Therefore, if the inner diameter of venturi is more widened, the turbine in the turbocharger by the
releasing force of abundant exhaust gas can deliver a more increased energy to the compressor. The
output will increase in submission to the increase of intake air volume.
Control
rangeTurbocharger driving
mechanismControl method
EffectImproved
performance
At high
speedExpands the flow
passage for the
exhaust gas by
unfolding the vanesThe flow rate is
increased due to the
Increased turbine &
impeller speed,
Increased
compressive forceImproved
maximum
power

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1. OVERVIEW
The pre-heating system for D20DTF engine has the glow plug to the cylinder head (combustion
chamber), and improves the cold start performance and reduces the emission level.
The pre-heating resistor (air heater) is used to heat the intake air.
This enables the diesel fuel to be ignited in low temperature condition.
The ECU receives the information such as, engine rpm, coolant temperature, engine torque, etc.,
through CAN communication during pre-heating process; and the pre-heating control unit controls the
pre-heating, heating during cranking and post-heating by the PWM control.
Glow plugGlow plug control unit
(GCU)
Glow indicatorEngine ECU (D20DTF)

1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
1) Overview
The EGR (Electric-Exhaust Gas Recirculation) valve reduces the NOx emission level by recirculating
some of the exhaust gas to the intake system.
To meet Euro-V regulation, the capacity and response rate of E-EGR valve in D20DTF engine have
been greatly improved. The EGR cooler with high capacity reduces the Nox, and the bypass valve
reduces the CO and HC due to EGR gas before warming up.
Also, the engine ECU adjusts the E-EGR opening by using the air mass signal through HFM sensor. If
the exhaust gas gets into the intake manifold when the EGR valve is open, the amount of fresh air
through HFM sensor should be decreased.
Benefits of E-EGR valve
Improved accuracy and response through electric control
Feedback function (Potentiometer)
Preventing chattering of EGR valve and improved durability
Self-cleaning function -
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1793-01
2) Location and Components
HFM sensor
Used as a main map value to control the EGR.
The coolant temperature, engine rpm, engine
load, intake air temperature (HFM: decreased at
(atmospheric pressure sensor: altitude
compensation) are used as auxiliary map values.
EGR pipe
Transports the exhaust gas from the EGR cooler
and EGR bypass valve to the intake duct.
E-EGR cooler and bypass valve
The cooler lowers the high temperature of the
exhaust gas and the bypass valve directly
supplies the exhaust gas to the intake duct
without passing through the EGR cooler to
reduce the emission of exhaust gas before
warming up the engine.
E-EGR valve
Receives the electric signal from the ECU to
control the valve.
EGR cooler
EGR bypass

1793-01
2) Input/Output Devices
3) Control Logic
The EGR system controls the EGR amount based on the map values shown below:
Main map value: Intake air volume
Auxiliary map value:
Compensation by the coolant temperature
Compensation by the atmospheric pressure: Altitude compensation
Compensation by the boost pressure deviation (the difference between the requested value and the
measured value of boost pressure)
Compensation by the engine load: During sudden acceleration
Compensation by the intake air temperature -
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The engine ECU calculates the EGR amount by adding main map value (intake air volume) and auxiliary
map value and directly drives the solenoid valve in the E-EGR to regulate the opening extent of the EGR
valve and sends the feedback to the potentiometer.
(1) Operating conditions
Atmospheric pressure: 0.92 bar or more
When there is no fault code related to EGR -
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(2) Shut off conditions
Abrupt acceleration: with engine speed of 2600 rpm or more
When the engine is idling for more than 1 minute
Vehicle speed: 100 km/h or more
Engine torque: 380 Nm or more -
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