wheel SSANGYONG MUSSO 1998 Workshop Manual PDF

2B-8 WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Increasing 1ea
- 11’
- 43’
3. If caster measurements are not within specification, adjust
it by increasing 1ea (rear) or decreasing 1ea (front).
Caster Change
Notice
Difference between the left and right should be adjusted
within 30’.
0.4 small
1.6 small
Decreasing 1ea
+ 11’
+ 43’
FRONT
Adjusting Shims
Increasing 1ea
+ 11’
+ 43’ 0.4 small
1.6 small
Decreasing 1ea
- 11’
- 43’
REAR
Adjusting Shims

WHEEL ALIGNMENT 2B-9
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SYSTEM OPERATION
FOUR WHEEL ALIGNMENT
CASTER
Caster is the tilting 91 the uppermost point of the steering
axis either forward or backward from the vertical when
viewed from the side of the vehicle. A backward tilt is
positive, and a forward tilt is negative. Caster influences
directional control of the steering but does not affect
tire wear. Weak springs or overloading a vehicle will affect
caster. One wheel with more positive caster will pull
toward the center of the car. This condition will cause
the car to move or lean toward the side with the least
amount of positive caster. Caster is measured in degrees.
CAMBER
Camber is the tilting of the top of the tire from the vertical
when viewed from the front of the vehicle. When the
tires tilt outward, the camber is positive. When the tires
tilt inward, the camber is negative. The camber angle is
measured in degrees from the vertical. Camber
influences both directional control and tire wear.
If the vehicle has too much positive camber, the outside
shoulder of the tire will wear. If the vehicle has too much
negative camber, the inside shoulder of the tire will wear. The first responsibility of engineering is to design safe
steering and suspension systems. Each component
must be strong enough to withstand and absorb extreme
punishment. Both the steering system and the front and
the rear suspension must function geometrically with
thebody mass.
The steering and the suspension systems require that
the front wheels self-return and that the tire rolling effort
and the road friction be held to a negligible force in order
to allow the customer to direct the vehicle with the least
effort and the most comfort.
A complete wheel alignment check should include
measurements of the rear toe and camber.
Four-wheel alignment assures that all four wheels will
be running in precisely the same direction.
When the vehicle is geometrically aligned, fuel economy
and tire life are at their peak, and steering and
performance are maximized.
TOE
Toe-in is the turning in of the tires, while toe-out is the
turning out of the tires from the geometric centerline or
thrust line. The toe ensures parallel rolling of the wheels.
The toe serves to offset the small deflections of the wheel
support system which occur when the vehicle is rolling
forward. The specified toe angle is the setting which
achieves 0 degrees of toe when the vehicle is moving.
Incorrect toe-in or toe-out will cause tire wear and
reduced fuel economy. As the individual steering and
suspension components wear from vehicle mileage,
additional toe will be needed to compensate for the wear.
Always correct the toe dimension last.

SECTION 2C
FRONT SUSPENSION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Type
Spring Type
Torsion Bar
Shock Absorber
Stabilizer TypeDouble Wishbone
Torsion Bar Spring
1,040 mm
24.5 mm
Cylindrical Reciprocation Type
Torsion Bar Spring
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-1
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-1
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . 2C-2
Component Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-3
Front Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-3
Maintenance and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
On-Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
Front Stabilizer Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
ApplicationDescription Torsion Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-6
Front Lower and Upper Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-8
Front Shock Absorber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-10
Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor
(Wheel G Sensor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-12
Vertical and Lateral Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-13
ECS (ECU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-14
Length
Outer Diameter(
f)

FRONT SUSPENSION 2C-7
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Remove the fixing nuts and bolts of the shock absorber
and lower arm connection.
Installation Notice
2. Remove the connecting nuts of the stabilizer bar link to the
lower arm.
Installation Notice
3. Turn the height control bolt until the distance between the
end of the height control bolt end piece and the bolt end
becomes 0-5 mm.
Installation Notice
Install the torsion bar spring and adjust the distance between
the end of the height control bolt and piece end the bolt
end to be 50-55 mm. Adjust the vehicle height.
Tightening Torque 60 - 80 Nm
Tightening Torque 16 - 22 Nm
4. Remove the torque arm fixing nuts and bolts and then
withdraw the torsion bar spring.
Installation Notice
M10
M12Tightening Torque40 - 60 Nm
60 - 80 Nm
5. Installation should follow the removal precedure in the
reverse order.
6. Check and adjust the wheel alignment.

2C-12 FRONT SUSPENSION
1 Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor (wheel G
sensor)
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Disconnect extension wiring connector (2) from the axle
vertical acceleration sensor.
Notice
Installation of wiring connector should be as shown in the
right drawing.
2. Unscrew bolts (3) and remove the axle vertical acceleration
sensor (1).
Notice
When installing the sensor to the bracket, the sensor wiring
should be upward.
3. Installation should follow the removal procedure in the
reverse order.
1 Actuator Connector
2 Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor Connector
3 Front Hose Mounting Bracket
4 Frame Side Member
AXLE VERTICAL ACCELERATION SENSOR (WHEEL G SENSOR)
2 Extension Wiring
3 Bolt (M6)............................................. 20 - 30Nm

Description
Alumimun
7JJ X 15
Radial Tire
P215 / 75R 15 - 30psi
P235 / 75R 15 - 30psi
P255 / 70R 15 - 30psi Application
Wheel
SECTION 2E
TIRES AND WHEELS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS
Application
Wheel BoltNlm
80 - 120
110 - 130
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-1
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-1
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . 2E-1
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-2
Wear Pattern Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-2
Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3
Radial Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3Wheel Disc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3
Component Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-4
Wheel and Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-4
Maintenance and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5
On-Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5
Wheels and Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5
Material
Size
Tire
Type
Size and Tire Pressure
Steel
Alumimum

2E-2 TIRES AND WHEELS
DIAGNOSIS
WEAR PATTERN DIAGNOSIS
Wear Pattern Possible CauseRemedy
Wear on Both Tread Shoulders Under Inflation
Wear on Tread Center
Over Inflation
Tread Torn Out Under Inflation
One-sided Tread WearIncorrect Camber or Toe-in
Feather Edging of TreadIncorrect Toe-in
Spotty Tread Wear
Out of Wheel Balance
Spotty Wear-wear Localized on
Shoulder SectionsOut of Wheel Balance
Play in Hub Bearings
Play in Ball Joint
Defective Shock Absorber
Adjust
Adjust
Adjust
Adjust
Adjust
Adjust
Adjust
Check play
Adjust preload
Check
Check

TIRES AND WHEELS 2E-3
IDENTIFICATION
RADIAL TIRE
WHEEL DISC
7 J x
16 ET 39
Wheel Offset (mm)
(Distance from rim center to wheel
nave contacting surface)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Identification for One-piece Well-base Rim
Code Letter for Height and Profile of Rim Flange
Rim Width (Inch)
ET : Distance from Rim Center to Wheel have Contacting
Surface (mm)
a : Rim Width (Inch)
d : Rim Diameter (Inch)
Four Season Mud & Snow P 215/75 R 15 94 H M+S
Speed Rating (max. 210km/h)
Load Range (below 670kg)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Radial Tire
Aspect Ratio = (Section Height ¸ Section
Width) x 100
Section Width (mm)
Passenger Car
215/65 R 16 93 V
Speed Rating (max. 240km/h)
Load Range (below 650kg)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Radial Tire
Aspect Ratio = (Section Height ¸ Section
Width) x 100
Section Width(mm)
Summer Tire

2E-4 TIRES AND WHEELS
COMPONENT LOCATOR
WHEEL AND TIRE
1 Wheel Bolts.................Steel Wheel : 80-120 Nm
..........................Aluminium Wheel : 110-130 Nm
2 Steel Wheel
3 Aluminium Wheel4 Tire
5 Steel Wheel Weight Balance
6 Hub Cap

TIRES AND WHEELS 2E-5
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
WHEELS AND TIRES
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Inspection of tire
Check tread area for tread surface, crack, damage by nail
in or stones. Replace or repair if necessary.
lReplace the tire if tread-wear indicator of the tread
grooves appears where marked ' '
.
l
The wear limit of snow tire is the same as normal tire
(1.6mm) and indicator location is marked '
¯'.
Limit1.6mm
Standard2.66mm
Standard2.03mm 2. Wear limit.
3. Runout measurement.
lExcessive runout of tires and wheels can cause the
abnormal wear of tire. Using a dial indicator, measure
wheel and tire runout.
lMeasure radial runout at the rim flange and center of
the tire tread area.
lMeasure lateral runout at the tire bead area of the wheel
and tire sidewall.
Notice
If runout is excessive, replace the tire or wheel.