sensor VOLVO XC90 2015 Service Manual

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.247
High temperaturesIf the temperature in the passenger compartment is very high, the camera and radar sensor may betemporarily turned off for approx. 15 minutesafter the engine has been started to protect theirelectronic components. When the temperaturehas cooled sufficiently, the camera and radarsensor will restart automatically.Damaged windshield
CAUTION
•Service and maintenance on City Safety may only be carried out by a trained andqualified Volvo service technician.
• If a crack, scratch or stone chip shouldoccur in the section of the windshield infront the camera/radar sensor, contact atrained and qualified Volvo service techni-cian to repair or replace the windshield.Failing to do so may result in reducedCity Safety functionality.
To help prevent limited or reduced functional- ity, please also observe the following:
• Volvo recommends that cracks, scratches or stone chips on the windshield in front of the camera/radar sensor should
not
be repaired; in such cases, the entire windshield should be replaced.
• Before the windshield is replaced, con-tact a Volvo retailer to ensure that thecorrect windshield is ordered and instal-led. If the wrong type of windshield isused, this may cause City Safety to func-tion improperly or not at all.
• Volvo recommends the use of only Genu-ine Volvo Replacement Windshields.
• When replacing windshield wipers, usethe same type or ones approved by Volvo.
After the windshield has been replaced, the camera/radar sensor will have to be recalibra-ted by a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician to help ensure proper function ofall of the vehicle's camera-/radar-based sys-tems.
MaintenanceIn order for camera and radar sensor to function properly, the area of the windshield must be keptfree of dirt, ice, snow, etc. and should be washedregularly with a suitable car washing detergent.
Related information
•
City Safety
™ (p. 273)
• Driver support systems (p. 240)
• Road Sign Assistance (RSI)
* limitations
(p. 291)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* limitations (p. 305)
• City Safety limitations (p. 278)
• Driving lane assistance (p. 323)
• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
* (p. 252)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
252
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) *
ACC is an optional system designed to assist the driver by maintaining a set speed or a settime interval to the vehicle ahead.
The driver sets that desired speed and time inter- val to the vehicle ahead. When the camera andradar sensor detects a slower moving vehicleahead, your vehicle's speed is automaticallyadapted. When there are no longer slower mov-ing vehicles ahead, your vehicle will accelerate toresume the set speed. ACC is designed to follow a vehicle ahead in the same lane and maintain a time interval to thatvehicle set by the driver. If the radar sensor doesnot detect a vehicle ahead, ACC will insteadmaintain the speed set by the driver. ACC is designed to smoothly regulate speed. However, the driver must apply the brakes in sit-uations that require immediate braking. Thisapplies when there are great differences inspeed between vehicles, or if the vehicle aheadbrakes suddenly. Due to limitations in the radarsensor, braking may occur unexpectedly or not atall. Adaptive Cruise Control can follow another vehi- cle from a standstill up to 125 mph (200 km/h).Always observe posted speed limits.
WARNING
• It is advisable to read through all of the related articles pertaining to ACC (seethe list at the end of this article).
• Adaptive Cruise Control cannot cover alldriving situations and traffic, weather androad conditions.
• This system is designed to be a supple-mentary driving aid. It is not, however,intended to replace the driver's attentionand judgement. The driver is responsiblefor maintaining a safe distance and speedand must intervene if Adaptive CruiseControl does not maintain a suitablespeed or suitable distance to the vehicleahead.
• Maintenance of ACC components mayonly be performed by a trained and quali-fied Volvo technician.
OverviewThe distance to the vehicle ahead (in the same lane) is monitored by a radar sensor. Your vehi-cle's speed is regulated by accelerating andbraking. The brakes may emit a sound when theyare being modulated by the adaptive cruise con-trol system. This is normal.
WARNING
•
Adaptive Cruise Control is not a collision avoidance system. The driver is alwaysresponsible for applying the brakes if thesystem does not detect another vehicle.
• Adaptive Cruise Control does not react topeople or animals, or small vehicles suchas bicycles and motorcycles. It also doesnot react to slow moving, parked orapproaching vehicles, or stationaryobjects.
• Do not use Adaptive Cruise Control indemanding driving conditions such as citydriving or other heavy traffic situations, inslippery conditions, when there is a greatdeal of water or slush on the road, duringheavy rain or snow, in poor visibility, onwinding roads or on highway on- or off-ramps.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
254
Head-up-display *
A flashing light alerts the driver
A flashing icon will appear in the head-up dis- play* to alert the driver of a collision risk.
WARNING
Adaptive Cruise Control only warns of vehicles detected by the radar sensor. In some casesthere may be no warning or the warning maybe delayed. The driver should always apply thebrakes when necessary.
Related information
• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) - fault tracing (p. 271)
• Starting and activating Adaptive CruiseControl (ACC) (p. 254)
• Adaptive cruise control passing assistance(p. 270) •
Setting an Adaptive Cruise Control timeinterval (p. 258)
• Changing Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)speed (p. 257)
• Deactivating/resuming Adaptive CruiseControl (ACC) (p. 255)
• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) symbols andmessages (p. 272)
Starting and activating Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
ACC must first be put in active mode before it can be started in order to regulate speed or aset time interval to the vehicle ahead.
Starting ACC (putting it in standby mode)
Function buttons and symbols
–Press ◀ (2) or ▶ (3) to scroll to the ACC
(
) function. The symbol (4) will be dis-
played in the instrument panel.
> The symbol indicates that ACC has been
started and is in standby mode . In
standby mode, the vehicle will not main-
tain a set speed or a time interval to the vehicle ahead.
Activating ACC (putting it in active mode and setting a speed)
Before ACC can be put in active mode:

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
256 To temporarily deactivate and put Adaptive Cruise Control in standby mode:
Function buttons and symbols
–Press the button (2).
> The
symbol in the instrument panel
will change colors from WHITE to GRAY and the set speed in the center of thespeedometer will change from BEIGE toGRAY.
Standby mode due to action by the driverACC is temporarily deactivated and put in standby mode if:
• the brakes are applied
• The gear selector is moved to
N
• the vehicle is driven faster than the set speed for more than 1 minute. In these cases, the driver will have to regulate the vehicle's speed. A temporary increase in speed, such as when passing another vehicle, does not affect the ACCset speed. The vehicle will return to the set speedwhen the accelerator pedal is released.
Automatic standby modeACC interacts with other systems, such as Electronic Stability Control. If any of these othersystems are not functioning properly, ACC willturn off automatically.
WARNING
If this happens, the driver will be alerted by an audible signal and a message in the instru-ment panel. The driver will have to adapt thevehicle's speed, apply the brakes when nec-essary and keep a safe distance to the vehicleahead.
ACC switches automatically to standby mode if: • the vehicle's speed goes below approx. 3 mph (5 km/h) and ACC cannot determineif the vehicle ahead is stationary or is anobject such as a speed bump, etc
• the vehicle's speed goes below approx.3 mph (5 km/h) and the vehicle aheadchanges lanes or turns so that ACC nolonger has a target vehicle to follow
• the driver opens the door
• the driver unbuckles the seat belt •
engine speed (rpm) is too high/low
• the wheels lose traction
• the parking brake is applied
• the stability system's
ESC Sport Mode is
activated
• the
Off Road drive mode is selected
• The radar sensor is covered by e.g., wet snow or if heavy rain interferes with radar waves
Reactivating ACC from standby modeTo reactivate ACC after it has temporarily been put in standby mode:
–Press the button (1).
> The vehicle will then return to the most
recently set speed .
WARNING
There may be a significant increase in speed after the
button has been pressed.
Related information
•Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
* (p. 252)
• Starting and activating Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) (p. 254)
• Changing Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)speed (p. 257)
• Setting an Adaptive Cruise Control timeinterval (p. 258)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.259
time interval to the vehicle ahead does not allow an increase in speed.
• The higher the speed, the greater the dis-tance to the vehicle ahead for a given timeinterval.
• Only use time intervals permitted by localtraffic regulations.
WARNING
•
Only use a time interval that is suitable in current traffic conditions.
• A short time interval gives the driver lim-ited reaction time if an unexpected situa-tion occurs in traffic.
Related information
•
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
* (p. 252)
• Starting and activating Adaptive CruiseControl (ACC) (p. 254)
• Deactivating/resuming Adaptive CruiseControl (ACC) (p. 255)
• Adaptive cruise control passing assistance(p. 270)
• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) symbols andmessages (p. 272)
Pilot Assist
*
The Pilot Assist feature helps keep the vehicle in its current traffic lane, at a set speed and a settime interval to the vehicle ahead.
FunctionThe vehicle's camera monitors the traffic lane's side marker lines and a distance monitor helpsmaintain the set time interval to the vehicleahead. Pilot Assist helps provide more relaxed driving in heavy, slow-moving traffic at speeds up to30 mph (50 km/h) on highways and major roads.
Function overview
Windshield module containing the camera/ radar sensor
Monitoring distance
Monitoring side marker lines The driver sets the desired time interval to the vehicle ahead. Pilot Assist monitors that vehicleand the traffic lane's side market lines using thecamera and radar sensor mounted in the upper,center section of the windshield. It helps maintainthe set time interval by automatically adjustingspeed and by providing steering assistance tohelp keep your vehicle in the lane. Pilot Assist's steering assistance is based on monitoring the direction of the vehicle ahead andthe traffic lane's side marker lines. The driver canalways override Pilot Assist and steer the vehicleto e.g., change lanes, etc. If the camera and radar sensor cannot detect the lane's side marker lines or a vehicle ahead, PilotAssist goes into standby mode. When Pilot Assist is in standby mode and your vehicle comes too close to the vehicle ahead, thedriver will be alerted by the Distance Alert func-tion.

DRIVER SUPPORT
260
WARNING
•Pilot Assist is designed to be a supple- mentary driving aid and cannot cover alldriving situations, traffic, weather and/orroad conditions.
• The driver should be familiar with all ofthe information in this article regardingPilot Assist, including its limitations.
• Pilot Assist is not intended to replace thedriver's attention and judgement.
• Pilot Assist must only be used wherethere are clearly visible traffic lane sidemarker lines on both sides of the currenttraffic lane. In other circumstances thereis an increased risk of collision with sur-rounding obstacles that are not detectedby the system.
• The driver is always responsible for steer-ing the vehicle and maintaining a suitablespeed and distance to the vehicle aheadand must intervene if necessary, even ifPilot Assist is being used.
Pilot Assist is designed to regulate speed smoothly but in situations calling for fast braking,the driver must apply the brakes. This applies tosituations where there are considerable differen-ces in speed or if the vehicle ahead brakes sud-denly. Due to the limitations of the camera andradar sensor, the system may apply the brakes inyour vehicle suddenly or not at all. The default speed for Pilot Assist is preset toapprox. 30 mph (50 km/h) and cannot bechanged. If the vehicle ahead increases speed toover 30 mph (50 km/h) and pulls away from yourvehicle, Pilot Assist will go into standby mode.
NOTE
•
Pilot Assist maintenance should only be carried out by a trained and qualifiedVolvo service technician.
• Pilot Assist regulates your vehicle'sspeed using the accelerator pedal andthe brakes. Please be aware that theremay be a faint sound from the brakeswhen the system is using them.
WARNING
•Pilot Assist does not react to people or animals, or small vehicles such as bicy-cles and motorcycles. It also does notreact to low trailers, slow moving, parkedor approaching vehicles, or stationaryobjects.
• Do not use Pilot Assist in demandingdriving conditions such as city driving orother heavy traffic situations, in slipperyconditions, when there is a great deal ofwater or slush on the road, during heavyrain or snow, in poor visibility, on windingroads or on highway on- or off-ramps.
Pilot Assist overview
Controls
Function buttons and symbols
[]: Press to activate Pilot Assist or put it
in standby mode
Arrow key [ < ]: change from Pilot Assist to
Adaptive Cruise Control (symbol (6) will also change)
Reduce the distance (time interval) to the vehicle ahead
Arrow key [ > ]: change from Adaptive Cruise
Control to Pilot Assist (symbol (6) will also change)
Increase the distance (time interval) to the vehicle ahead
Function symbols

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
262
WARNING
Pilot Assist only provides warnings for vehi- cles that its radar sensor and camera havedetected. For this reason, a warning may begiven later than expected or not at all. Thedriver should never wait for a warning beforeapplying the brakes.
Related information
• Pilot Assist limitations (p. 266)
• Pilot Assistauto-hold brake function (p. 266)
• Distance Alert
* (p. 314)
• Other Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) func- tions (p. 268)
• Setting an Adaptive Cruise Control timeinterval (p. 258)
Starting and activating Pilot Assist
The Pilot Assist feature helps keep the vehicle in its current traffic lane, at a set speed and a settime interval to the vehicle ahead.
Function buttons and symbols
PrerequisitesThe prerequisites for activating Pilot Assist are:
• The vehicle ahead must be within a reasona- ble (detectable) distance
• The camera must be able to clearly detectthe traffic lane's side marker lines
• The vehicle's speed must be under approx.30 mph (50 km/h). A WHITE symbol indicates that Pilot Assist has been selected. In other cases, the WHITE arrow pointing to the right indi-cates that the system is availa-ble.
A YELLOW symbol with a flashing WHITE arrowindicates that the system is about to shift intostandby mode.
With ACC in standby mode: 1. Tap ▶ (4).
> The symbol will be displayed and Pilot Assist will go into standby mode.
2. Press the
button (1) on the left-side
steering wheel keypad.
> Pilot Assist will go into active mode.
WARNING
• Pilot Assist is not a collision avoidance system. The driver is always responsiblefor applying the brakes if the system doesnot detect another vehicle.
• Do not use Pilot Assist in demandingdriving conditions such as city driving orother heavy traffic situations, in slipperyconditions, when there is a great deal ofwater or slush on the road, during heavy

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.263
rain or snow, in poor visibility, on winding roads or on highway on- or off-ramps.
• Pilot Assist uses the vehicle's cameraand radar sensor, which have limitations.
Pilot Assist may deactivate or not function optimally if:
• the lane's side market lines are missing, badly faded or cross each other.
• the division of lanes is not clear, e.g.,when a line divides or merges withanother, at exits or if there are many roadsigns/markers.
• if there are edges or other lines on ornear the lane, e.g., curbs, cracks, repairedareas, sharp shadows, etc.
• the lane is narrow or winding.
• the weather conditions (rain, snow, fog,slush, poor visibility, backlighting, etc).
The driver should also be aware that Pilot Assist has the following limitations: • High curbs, barriers and temporary obsta- cles (cones, barriers etc) may not bedetected or could be detected incorrectlyas side marker lines, which may create arisk of collision. The driver must ensure asafe distance to these obstacles.
• The camera or radar sensor may not beable to detect objects if there are pot-holes or if there are stationary objectspartially or completely blocking the road.• Pilot Assist does not "see" pedestrians, animals, etc.
• Pilot Assist's steering capacity is limitedand may not always be able to help thedriver keep the vehicle in the lane.
Hands on the steering wheelPilot Assist only functions when the driver's hands are on the steering wheel
, which is con-
tinuously monitored by the system. If this is notthe case, the driver will be alerted by a text mes-sage in the instrument panel. If the driver's handsare not returned to the steering wheel, an audiblesignal will sound. If the driver does not return his/her hands to the steering wheel after the audible signal, PilotAssist will go into standby mode and must be reactivated by pressing
.
Related information
• Pilot Assist
* (p. 259)
Deactivating/resuming Pilot Assist
Putting Pilot Assist in standby mode
Function buttons and symbols
1.
Press the button (1).
> Pilot Assist will go into standby mode.
2. Press the ◀ button (2).
> Pilot Assist will be turned off and shift to ACC in standby mode.
or
–Press the ◀ button (2).
> Pilot Assist will be turned off and switch to ACC in active mode.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
264
Standby mode due to driver actionIf a turn signal is used or if the accelerator pedal is pressed, Pilot Assist will temporarily go intostandby mode. When the turn signal is switchedoff or the accelerator pedal is released, PilotAssist will reactivate automatically. Automatic reactivation from standby mode can be done within 1 minute. After 1 minute haselapsed, Pilot Assist must be reactivated man- ually by pressing the
button.
Pilot Assist will temporarily go into standby mode if: • the brakes are applied
• the gear selector is moved to the
N position.
The driver will then have to regulate speed and distance to the vehicle ahead, or reactivate Pilot Assist manually by pressing the
button on
the left-side steering wheel keypad.
Automatic standby modePilot Assist interacts with other systems, such as Electronic Stability Control. If any of these othersystems are not functioning properly, Pilot Assistwill automatically be deactivated.
WARNING
If this happens, the driver will be alerted by an audible signal and a message in the instru-ment panel. The driver will have to adapt thevehicle's speed, apply the brakes when nec-essary and keep a safe distance to the vehicleahead.
Pilot Assist switches automatically to standby mode if: • the camera cannot detect the traffic lane's side marker lines
• the vehicle ahead is not within a reasonable(detectable) distance
• the driver's hands are not on the steeringwheel
• the driver unbuckles the seat belt
• engine speed (rpm) is too high/low
• the wheels lose traction
• brake temperature is too high
• the stability system's
ESC Sport Mode is
activated
• drive mode
Off Road is selected
• The camera/radar sensor is covered by e.g., wet snow or if heavy rain interferes with radarwaves
Reactivating Pilot Assist from standby mode
–Press the button (1).
> The most recently set speed will be used.
Related information
• Pilot Assist
* (p. 259)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.267
WARNING
•Pilot Assist is not a collision avoidance system. The driver is always responsiblefor applying the brakes if the system doesnot detect another vehicle.
• Do not use Pilot Assist in demandingdriving conditions such as city driving orother heavy traffic situations, in slipperyconditions, when there is a great deal ofwater or slush on the road, during heavyrain or snow, in poor visibility, on windingroads or on highway on- or off-ramps.
• Pilot Assist uses the vehicle's cameraand radar sensor, which have limitations.
Pilot Assist may deactivate or not function optimally if:
• the lane's side market lines are missing, badly faded or cross each other.
• the division of lanes is not clear, e.g.,when a line divides or merges withanother, at exits or if there are many roadsigns/markers.
• if there are edges or other lines on ornear the lane, e.g., curbs, cracks, repairedareas, sharp shadows, etc.
• the lane is narrow or winding.
• the weather conditions (rain, snow, fog,slush, poor visibility, backlighting, etc).
The driver should also be aware that Pilot Assist has the following limitations:
• High curbs, barriers and temporary obsta- cles (cones, barriers etc) may not bedetected or could be detected incorrectlyas side marker lines, which may create arisk of collision. The driver must ensure asafe distance to these obstacles.
• The camera or radar sensor may not beable to detect objects if there are pot-holes or if there are stationary objectspartially or completely blocking the road.
• Pilot Assist does not "see" pedestrians,animals, etc.
• Pilot Assist's steering capacity is limitedand may not always be able to help thedriver keep the vehicle in the lane.
The driver can always take action to override Pilot Assist.
Steep roads and/or heavy loadsPilot Assist is primarily intended for use on rela-tively level roads. The function may not be able tomaintain the correct time interval to the vehicleahead on when driving down steep hills, when thevehicle is transporting a heavy load or if it is tow-ing a trailer. The driver should be attentive andprepared to apply the brakes in these situations.
Related information
• Radar sensor limitations (p. 245)
• Pilot Assist
* (p. 259)
• Starting and activating Pilot Assist (p. 262) •
Setting a Pilot Assist time interval (p. 265)
• Deactivating/resuming Pilot Assist (p. 263)
• Pilot Assistauto-hold brake function (p. 266)
• Camera limitations (p. 241)