VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE 2018 Owners Manual

STARTING AND DRIVING
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459
Factors the driver can control
The driver should be aware that the following fac-
tors help conserve energy and improve driving
range: • charging the battery regularly
• preconditioning
• Pure drive mode
• climate control settings
• speed and acceleration
• the
Hold function
• tires and tire pressure.
The following table shows the approximate rela-
tionship between constant speed and driving
range. Driving at a lower constant speed helps
increase the electric motor's driving range. Constant speed
100 km/h (62 mph)
50 %
80 km/h (50 mph) 70 %
60 km/h (37 mph) 90 %
50 km/h (31 mph) 100 %
NOTE •
The figures shown in the tables pertain to
a new vehicle.
• None of the figures are absolute and are
affected by e.g. driving style, environment
and other conditions.
Related information
• Using the electric motor only (p. 457)
• Economical driving (p. 456)
• "Hold" and "Charge" functions (p. 459)
• Drive modes (p. 445) "Hold" and "Charge" functions
In certain situations, it can be useful to control
the hybrid battery's charge level while driving.
This is possible with the Hold and Charge func-
tions, which are available in all drive modes.
Function buttons for Hold and ChargeThe functions can be activated in the center dis-
play's Function view.
Hold
Battery level sustained for
later use.
This function retains the charge
in the hybrid battery for the
electric motor and saves availa-
ble electrical current for use at
a later time, such as when driving in an urban
area or residential neighborhood. Hold is availa-
ble regardless of the hybrid battery's charge level.
The vehicle will function as in normal hybrid driv-
ing with a discharged battery - in addition to
reusing energy from e.g. regenerative braking, the
combustion engine will be used more frequently
to maintain the charge in the battery.

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460
Charge
Engine charges hybrid
battery.
This function charges the
hybrid battery with the help of
the combustion engine for
increased use of the electric
motor at a later time. This function is not available
if the hybrid battery's charge level is already high.
Symbols in the instrument panel The symbol is displayed in the hybrid battery gauge
when Hold is activated. The symbol is displayed in the hybrid battery gauge
when Charge is activated.
Related information
• Using the electric motor only (p. 457)
• Economical driving (p. 456)
• Hybrid gauge (p. 87) Preparing for a long trip
It is important to have the vehicle's systems and
equipment checked carefully before driving long
distances.
Check that:
• the engine is running properly and that fuel
consumption is normal
• there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)
• the brake pedal is functioning optimally
• all lights are working ‒ adjust the headlight
height if the vehicle is carrying a heavy load
• tire tread depth and air pressure are at cor-
rect levels. Change to snow tires when driv-
ing in areas where there is a risk of snowy or
icy roads.
• the start battery is sufficiently charged
• the wiper blades are in good condition
Related information
• Checking tire pressure (p. 557)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 650)
• Winter driving (p. 461)
• Economical driving (p. 456)
• Vehicle modem settings (p. 533)
• Loading recommendations (p. 586)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 472)
• Pilot Assist (p. 311)

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461
•
Speed limiter (p. 278)
• Tire sealing system (p. 572) Winter driving
It is important to check the vehicle before driving
in cold/snowy conditions to make sure it can be
driven safely.
Before the cold season arrives:• Make sure the engine coolant contains 50%
antifreeze. This mixture helps protect the
engine from frost erosion down to
approx. -35 °C (-31 °F). Do not mix different
types of antifreeze as this could pose a
health risk.
• Keep the fuel tank well filled to prevent con-
densation from forming.
• Check the viscosity of the engine oil. Oil with
low viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-
weather starting and reduces fuel consump-
tion when driving with a cold engine.
CAUTION Low-viscosity oil should not be used with hard
driving or in hot weather.
•
Check the condition and charge level of the
start battery. Cold weather places greater
demands on the start battery and reduces its
capacity.
• Use washer fluid containing antifreeze to
help prevent ice from forming in the washer
fluid reservoir.
Slippery driving conditionsFor optimal traction and roadholding, Volvo rec-
ommends using snow tires on all wheels when-
ever there is a risk of snow or ice on the road.
NOTE Certain countries require use of winter tires
by law. Not all countries permit the use of
studded tires.
Practice driving on slippery surfaces under con-
trolled conditions to learn how the vehicle reacts.
Related information
•
Snow tires (p. 571)
• Snow chains (p. 571)
• Braking on salted roads (p. 431)
• Braking on wet roads (p. 431)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 650)
• Start battery (p. 615)
• Replacing windshield wiper blades (p. 648)
• Changing rear window wipers (p. 647)
• Refilling coolant (p. 612)

STARTING AND DRIVING
462Driving through standing water
Driving the vehicle through a deep pool of stand-
ing water on a water-covered roadway is called
fording. This must be done with great caution. To prevent damage to the vehicle when driving
through water (e.g. on flooded roads):
• Do not drive in water higher than the floor of
the vehicle. If possible, check the depth of
the water at its deepest point before driving
through it. Be particularly careful when driv-
ing through flowing water.
• Always select the Off Road drive mode
before driving in water to ensure the gasoline
engine is running.
• Do not drive faster than walking speed.
• Do not stop the vehicle in the water. Drive
carefully forward or back the vehicle out of
the water.
• Remember that waves created by passing
vehicles could cause the water level to rise
above the vehicle's floor level.
• Avoid driving through salt water to help avoid
the risk of corrosion.
CAUTION Parts of the vehicle (e.g. engine, transmission,
driveline, electrical components, etc.) can be
damaged if the vehicle is driven through water
higher than its floor level. Damage to any
components caused by flooding, vapor lock or
insufficient oil is not covered under warranty.
If the engine stalls while the vehicle is in
water, do not attempt to restart it. Have the
vehicle towed on the bed of a tow truck to a
workshop - an authorized Volvo workshop is
recommended.
When you have passed the water, press lightly on
the brake pedal and check that the brakes are
functioning properly. Water, mud, slush, etc. can
make the brake linings slippery, resulting in
delayed braking effect.
If the vehicle is equipped with a trailer coupling
contact, clean the contact after driving in water or
mud.
Related information
•
Recovery (p. 477)
• Low Speed Control (p. 453) Opening/closing the fuel filler door
A button on the instrument panel is used to
unlock the fuel filler door.
An arrow next to the fuel pump
symbol in the instrument panel
indicates the side of the vehicle
on which the fuel filler door is
located.

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463 1. Press the button on the dashboard.
>
Pressure equalization in the fuel tank cau-
ses a slight delay before the fuel filler
door opens. Fuel tank Fuel lid is
opening will be displayed in the instru- ment panel, followed by Fuel tank Ready for refueling.
NOTE Refueling must be done within approximately
10 minutes of opening the fuel filler door.
After this time, the valve opened by pushing
the button will close and it will no longer be
possible to refuel without the pump's nozzle
switching off.
If the valve is closed before refueling is com-
plete - press the button again and wait until
the driver display shows the message
Fuel
tank Ready for refueling. 2. After refueling, press the fuel filler door
lightly to close it.
Related information
• Refueling (p. 463) Refueling
The fuel tank is equipped with a fuel filling sys-
tem without a cover.Refueling the vehicle at a service
station

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464
Refueling is done as follows.
1. Turn off the engine and open the fuel filler
door.
NOTE Refueling must be done within approximately
10 minutes of opening the fuel filler door.
After this time, the valve opened by pushing
the button will close and it will no longer be
possible to refuel without the pump's nozzle
switching off.
If the valve is closed before refueling is com-
plete - press the button again and wait until
the driver display shows the message
Fuel
tank Ready for refueling. 2. Select a fuel approved for use in the vehicle.
For more information on approved fuels, see
the section on "Gasoline".
3.

Insert the pump's nozzle into the fuel filler
pipe's opening. There are two flaps just
inside the fuel filler pipe and the pump's noz-
zle must push both of these flaps open
before fuel can be added. 4. Avoid overfilling the tank. Do not press the
handle on the filler nozzle again after it has
initially stopped pumping.
> The fuel tank is now filled.
NOTE An over-full tank may overflow in hot weather.
CAUTION
Avoid spilling gasoline during refueling. In
addition to causing damage to the environ-
ment, gasolines containing alcohol can cause
damage to painted surfaces, which may not
be covered under the New Vehicle Limited
Warranty.
Refueling from a fuel containerWhen filling from a fuel container, use the funnel
provided in a foam block under the floor hatch in
the cargo compartment.
1. Open the fuel filler door.
2. Insert the funnel into the fuel filler pipe's
opening. There are two flaps just inside the
fuel filler pipe and the tube section of the
funnel must push both of these flaps open
before fuel can be added.
Related information
• Opening/closing the fuel filler door (p. 462) Fuel
Volvo recommends the use of detergent gaso-
line to control engine deposits.
Deposit control gasoline (gasoline with
detergent additives)
Detergent gasoline is effective in keeping injec-
tors and intake valves clean. Consistent use of
deposit control gasolines will help ensure good
driveability and fuel economy. If you are not sure
whether the gasoline contains deposit control
additives, check with the service station operator.
NOTE
Volvo recommends not using external fuel
injector cleaning systems, e.g. do not add
detergent additives to gasoline before or after
refueling.
Unleaded fuelAll Volvo vehicles have a three-way catalytic con-
verter and must only use unleaded gasoline. US
and Canadian regulations require that pumps
delivering unleaded gasoline are labeled
"UNLEADED". Only the nozzles of these pumps
will fit in your vehicle's fuel filler inlet. It is unlaw-
ful to dispense leaded fuel into a vehicle labeled
"unleaded gasoline only". Leaded gasoline dam-
ages the three-way catalytic converter and the
heated oxygen sensor system. Repeated use of
leaded gasoline will lessen the effectiveness of

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465
the emission control system and could result in
loss of emission warranty coverage. State and
local vehicle inspection programs will make
detection of misfueling easier, possibly resulting
in emission test failure for misfueled vehicles.
NOTE
Some U.S. and Canadian gasolines contain an
octane enhancing additive called methyl-
cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl
(MMT). If such fuels are used, your Emission
Control System performance may be affected,
and the Check Engine Light (malfunction
indicator light) located on your instrument
panel may light. If this occurs, please return
your vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvo
service technician for service.
Gasoline containing alcohol and ethers,
"Oxygenated fuels"
Some fuel suppliers sell gasoline containing
"oxygenates" which are usually alcohols or
ethers. In some areas, state or local laws require
that the service pump be marked indicating use
of alcohols or ethers. However, there are areas in
which the pumps are unmarked. If you are not
sure whether there is alcohol or ethers in the
gasoline you buy, check with the service station
operator. To meet seasonal air quality standards,
some areas require the use of "oxygenated" fuel.
Volvo permits the use of the following "oxygen-
ated" fuels. However, the specified octane ratings
must still be met.
Alcohol - Ethanol
Fuels containing up to 10% ethanol by volume
may be used. Ethanol may also be referred to as
Ethyl alcohol, or "Gasohol".
Ethers - MTBE/ETBE: Fuels containing up to
15% MTBE/ETBE may be used.
MethanolDo not use gasolines containing methanol
(methyl alcohol, wood alcohol). This practice can
result in vehicle performance deterioration and
can damage critical parts in the fuel system. Such
damage may not be covered under the New
Vehicle Limited Warranty.
Related information
•
Octane rating (p. 465)
• Opening/closing the fuel filler door (p. 462)
• Refueling (p. 463)
• Emission controls (p. 467) Octane rating
Volvo demands premium fuel (91 octane
6
or
higher) for all T5, T6 and T8 engines. See both
supplied decal examples. 6
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Nu\
mber) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2

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466
Minimum octane
Decals
Sample fuel pump octane label
6
. Decal on the inside of the fuel filler flap on cars that
require premium fuel
7
.TOP TIER Detergent GasolineVolvo endorses the use of "TOP TIER Detergent
Gasoline" where available to help maintain
engine performance and reliability. TOP TIER
Detergent Gasoline meets a new standard jointly
established by leading automotive manufactures
to meet the needs of today's advanced engines.
Qualifying gasoline retailers (stations) will, in
most cases, identify their gasoline as having met
the "TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline" standards.
NOTE Information about TOP TIER Detergent Gaso-
line is available at www.toptiergas.com.
NOTE
When switching to higher octane fuel or
changing gasoline brands, it may be neces-
sary to fill the tank more than once before a
difference in engine operation is noticeable.
Fuel FormulationsDo not use gasoline that contains lead or manga-
nese as a knock inhibitor, and do not use lead
additives. Besides damaging the exhaust emis-
sion control systems on your vehicle, lead has
been strongly linked to certain forms of cancer.Many fuels contain benzene as a solvent.
Unburned benzene has been strongly linked to
certain forms of cancer. If you live in an area
where you must fill your own gas tank, take pre-
cautions. These may include:
•
standing upwind away from the filler nozzle
while refueling
• refueling only at gas stations with vapor
recovery systems that fully seal the mouth of
the filler neck during refueling
• wearing neoprene gloves while handling a
fuel filler nozzle.
Use of AdditivesWith the exception of gas line antifreeze during
winter months, do not add solvents, thickeners, or
other store-bought additives to your vehicle's
fuel, cooling, or lubricating systems. Overuse may
damage your engine, and some of these additives
contain organically volatile chemicals. Do not
needlessly expose yourself to these chemicals.
WARNING Never carry a cell phone that is switched on
while refueling your vehicle. If the phone rings,
this may cause a spark that could ignite gaso-
line fumes, resulting in fire and injury.
6
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Nu\
mber) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2
7 For supplementary information - see the car's Service and Warranty Bo\
oklet.

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467
WARNINGCarbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless,
and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaust
gases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes inside
the vehicle, make sure the passenger com-
partment is ventilated, and immediately return
the vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvo
service technician for correction.
Demanding drivingIn demanding driving conditions, e.g. when driving
in a hot climates, driving with a trailer or driving
for longer periods at higher altitudes (mountain
landscapes) than normal, it is recommended
switching to a higher octane fuel than AKI 91
6
or
changing gasoline brand to take full advantage of
your car's engine capacity and obtain the opti-
mum driving force.
Related information
• Fuel (p. 464)
• Emission controls (p. 467) Emission controls
Three-way catalytic converter
•
Keep your engine properly tuned. Certain
engine malfunctions, particularly involving the
electrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems,
may cause unusually high three-way catalytic
converter temperatures. Do not continue to
operate your vehicle if you detect engine
misfire, noticeable loss of power or other
unusual operating conditions, such as engine
overheating or backfiring. A properly tuned
engine will help avoid malfunctions that
could damage the three-way catalytic con-
verter.
• Do not park your vehicle over combustible
materials, such as grass or leaves, which can
come into contact with the hot exhaust sys-
tem and cause such materials to ignite under
certain wind and weather conditions.
• Excessive starter cranking (in excess of one
minute), or an intermittently firing or flooded
engine can cause three-way catalytic con-
verter or exhaust system overheating.
• Remember that tampering or unauthorized
modifications to the engine, the Engine Con-
trol Module, or the vehicle may be illegal and
can cause three-way catalytic converter or
exhaust system overheating. This includes:
altering fuel injection settings or compo-
nents, altering emission system components or location or removing components, and/or
repeated use of leaded fuel.NOTE Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles with
three-way catalytic converters.
Heated oxygen sensorsThe heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxygen
content of the exhaust gases. Readings are fed
into a control module that continuously monitors
engine functions and controls fuel injection. The
ratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuously
adjusted for efficient combustion to help reduce
harmful emissions.
Related information
•
Octane rating (p. 465)
• Fuel (p. 464) 6
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Nu\
mber) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2

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* Option/accessory.
468 Overheating of engine and
transmission
In demanding driving conditions, such as driving
in mountainous areas or hot weather, there is a
risk of the engine or transmission overheating,
especially when carrying heavy loads.
• Engine power may be temporarily limited.
• Remove any auxiliary lights mounted in front
of the grille when driving in hot weather.
• If the temperature in the engine's cooling
system becomes too high, a warning symbol
will appear in the instrument panel along with
the message Engine temperature High
temperature Stop safely. Pull over to a safe location and let the engine idle for a few
minutes to cool down.
• If the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Turn off engine or Engine
coolant Level low, turn off engine is dis- played, stop the vehicle and turn off the
engine.
• If the transmission begins to overheat, an
alternative gear shifting program will be
selected. An integrated protective function
will also be activated, the warning symbol will
illuminate and the message Transmission
warm
Reduce speed to lower
temperature or Transmission hot Stop
safely, wait for cooling will be displayed in the instrument panel. Follow the recommen-
dations given by reducing speed or stopping the vehicle safely and letting the engine idle
for a few minutes to let the transmission
cool.
• If the vehicle begins to overheat, the air con-
ditioning may be temporarily switched off.
• After a prolonged period of driving in
demanding conditions, do not turn off the
engine immediately after stopping.
NOTE It is normal for the engine's cooling fan to
operate for a short time after the engine is
switched off.
Symbols in the instrument panel
Symbol
Meaning High engine temperature. Follow
the recommendations provided.
Low coolant level. Follow the rec-
ommendations provided.
Transmission hot/overheated/cool-
ing. Follow the recommendations
provided.
Related information
•
Refilling coolant (p. 612)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 472)
• Preparing for a long trip (p. 460)
• Gear indicator* (p. 442)