Engine compartment BMW 528i 1998 E39 Manual PDF

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331-16
I Final Drive
Worlting at top of coil spring, press center cap down or pry
upward to remove. If pushed down, remove from inside coil
spring.
4 Worlting from underneath, position BMW special tool 33 2
301
between 2nd and 3rd spring coil from the bottom.
Make sure tool recess faces upward.
Worlting in cargo compartment, guide BMW special tool
33
2 304
from above and thread into special tool 33 2 301.
4 Worlting in cargo compartment, attach BMW special tools 33
2 302.33
2 303 and 33 2 305 to special tool 33 2 304.
- Use special tool 33 2 306 to compress spring.
Tighten until lower spring end lifts off spring seat on wheel
bearing carrier.
- Model with air springs: Loosen compressed air pipes at air
distribution assembly to release system pressure.
WARNING-
The vehicle will lower when tlie airpipes are loosened.
- Remove final drive. See Final drive, removing and install-
ing.

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E39 brake system
BMW E39 models are equipped with vacuum power-assisted
four-wheel disc brakes with an integral
Antilock Brake System
(ABS). Single-piston calipers act on vented front and rear ro-
tors. A brake pad wear sensor for each axle indicates when
brake pads need replacement. The dual drum-type parking
brake system is integrated with the rear brake rotors.
Electronic braking and stability control
E39 models were introduced with Automatic Stability Control,
a computer controlled traction control system that uses the
AB5 system in conjunction with engine management controls
to control wheel spin during take-off and maintain vehicle sta-
bility while braking.
Added in the
1998 model year was Dynamic Stability Control
(DSC). This system implements wheel speed modulation
throughout all stages of driving. For example, DSC is able to
reduce understeer by applying differing amounts of braking
force to each wheel, or it can override the engine manage-
ment system during hard cornering.
A summary of distinguishing characteristics of the various
systems is shown in the table
E39 electronic braking and
stability control systems.
For ABS, ASC and DSC system and component descriptions,
see
300 Suspension, Steering and Brakes-General.
WARNING-
A car with electronic stability control is still subject to normal
physical laws. Avoid excessive speeds for the road conditions
encountered.
E39 electronic braking and stability control systems
Year (model)
manuf. up to 911998
(528i, 540i)
manuf. from 911999
(540i optional)*
From
911 999
(ail models) System
Automatic Stability Control (ASC) Identifiers
Electronic control module next to glove compartment
Hydraulic unit in right rear of engine compartment
No precharge pump
Dynamic Stability Control
(Bosch DSC
Ill v. 5.3)
Dynamic
Stabil~ty Control
(Bosch DSC
Ill v. 5.7) Electronic
control module next to glove compartment
Hydraulic unit in right rear of engine compartment
Precharge pump in left front of engine compartment, below steering
fluid reservoir
Separate rotational rate (yaw) and lateral acceleration sensors
Control
modulelhydraulic unit in right rear of engine compartment
No precharge pump
Combined rotational rate (yaw) and lateral acceleration sensors

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Brakes
Master cylinder, removing and installing
CAUTlOI\C
Brake fluid is highly corrosive and dangerous to the environ-
ment. Dispose of it properly.
4 Remove left side interior ventilation microfilter housing:
Remove upper cover and microfilter locking clip
(A).
- Release locking clamp (B), and rotate air tube in direction
of arrow to remove.
Disconnect wiring harness from hood switch
(C).
Release filter body mounting clamp (D) and remove lower
microfilter housing.
4 Remove side trim panel from left rear of engine compartment
by releasing clips
(arrows).
4 Disconnect bralte fluid level sensor connector (A) from fluid
reservoir. Remove reservoir cap.
. Using a clean syringe, empty bralte fluid reservoir.
Where applicable, disconnect hydraulic clutch system sup-
ply line from fluid reservoir duct
(5). Keep supply line sup-
ported and above clutch master cylinder to prevent air
bubbles from reaching clutch hydraulic system.
Where applicable, disconnect DSC system precharge
pump supply line from fluid reservoir duct
(C). Secure sup-
ply line in vertical position to prevent fluid loss.
Plug open brake fluid lines and ducts to prevent fluid leak-
age or contamination.
- Remove brake fluid reservoir by tilting sideways.

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Brakes
The brake booster is mounted to the bulkhead on driver's side
of the engine compartment, directly behind the brake master
cylinder. Intake manifold vacuum acts on a large diaphragm
in the brake booster to reduce brake pedal effort.
Brake booster check valve
The checlc valve in the bralte booster vacuum line prevents
contamination from engine backfires and other sources from
entering the bralte booster.
Location of
check valve varies, depending on year and mod-
el.
4 6-cylinder models (528i):
1. Intake manifold
2 Hose clamp
3. Vacuum line
4. Upper hose bracket
5. Grommet 6. From 911998: Check valve in grommet in booster.
Remove left ventilation filter housing for access.
7. To 911 998: Check valve in vacuum hose. Remove left
ventilation filter housing, peel back trim rubber below
housing and
unclip upper hose brackets to access hose
clamps and valve.
8. Lower hose
bracket
9. Brake master cylinder
10. Brake booster
< 6-cylinder models (525i, 530i): Remove left ventilation filter
housing to access
checlc valve.
1. Vacuum hose
2. Hose clamp
3. Hose bracket
4. Check valve in grommet in booster
5.
Braite master cylinder
6. Grommet
7. Brake booster
4 V-8 models (540i) to 911998: Check valve (arrow) in vacuum
line behind left cylinder head.
- V-8 models (540i) from 911998: Checkvalve in brake booster.
Remove left ventilation filter housing to access valve.

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1 Brakes
Pull down panel
If applicable, disconnect electrical harness
rows) from 16-pin OBD-ll plug.
Remove panel from interior. connectors
(ar-
Working
above and in front of pedals, remove locking clip (A)
and slide brake booster pushrod off bralte pedal pin. Remove
brake booster mounting nuts
(6).
Working in engine compartment, carefully separate bralte
booster from engine compartment bulkhead.
CAUTION-
Do not use force on booster when separating from bulkhead.
This can damage booster and pushrod.
Remove booster by tilting out in direction of engine. Lift
booster up and out of engine compartment.
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all nuts, fluid couplings, thread bores and mat-
ing surfaces are clean.
Replace bralte booster self-locking mounting nuts.
Replace sealing O-ring between master cylinder and bralte
booster.
Bleed bralte system as described earlier.
CAUTION--
Do not over-torque tlie master cylinder mounting bolts.
This could damage the
bralce booster and prevent proper
vacuum build-up.
After
30 minutes of use recheclc the torque on bralce
booster mounting nuts.
Tightening torques
Brake master cylinder to brake booster
26 Nm (19 it-lb)
Brake booster to bulkhead 22 Nm (16 it-lb)
(Recheck torque after
30 minutes of use.)
Brake fluid line to master cylinder 18 Nm (13 it-lb)
NOTE-
When replacing the brake booster check valve or vacuum
hose, install the valve so that the molded arrow is pointing to-
ward the
fntalce manifold. Use new hose clamps

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Remove snap ring from steering shaft.
- Slide steering angle sensor off steering shaft
< Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following.
Take care to line up loclting pin
(arrow) with mount hole in
sensor.
Perform steering angle offset test using BMW scan tools
DISplus, GT1, or MoDiC. Once calibrated, the sensor
sends a confirmation ID code to the DSC control module
to indicate proper calibration.
DSC precharge pump, removing and
installing
(1 998 models)
1998 V-8 cars with Bosch DSC Ill v. 5.3 are equipped with a
DSC precharge pump mounted in the engine compartment.
There is no separate precharge pump in the Bosch DSC
Ill v.
5.7 system (1999 models and later).
WARNING-
E39 cars require special BMWservice equipment to properly
bleed the brakes. Removal of hydraulic components is not
recommended unless this equipment is available. For safety
reasons, the
brake system on cars with ABS must be bled us-
ing the procedures described in this repair group.
- Using a clean syringe, empty brake fluid reservoir.
CAUTIOI\C
Brake fluid is highly corrosive and dangerous to the environ-
ment. Disoose of it
orooerlv.
Working at precharge pump, disconnect hydraulic lines (A)
and electrical harness connector (6). Clean up dripping fluid.
hydraulic unit. Label all
con-

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340-31
Brakes
ABS 1 traction electronic control module
(1 997 -1 998 models)
4 The traction control electronic control module in 1997- 1998
models is located to the left of the glove compartment.
NOTE-
In both ASC and early DSC systems this location is used for
the electronic control unit.
- Before removing the traction control electronic module, read
any fault codes in memory.
ABS I DSC control module
(1 999 - 2002 models)
The DSC electronic control unit in 1999 and later models
(from 911998) is bolted to the DSC hydraulic unit in the right
rear of the engine compartment.
- Before removing the traction control electronic module, read
any fault codes in memory.
- Install electronic control unit using new screws.
Tightening torque
DSC electronic control unit to 2.9 Nrn (26 in-lb)
hydraulic
unit (use new screws)
- Code newly installed module using either DIS or MoDiC.
- Adjust steering angle sensor using menu item Service func-
tion in
DIS or MoDiC.
ABS I traction control hydraulic unit,
removing and installing
WARNING -
E39 cars require special BMWsewice equipment to properly
bleed the brakes. Removal of the hydraulic unit is not recom-
mended unless this equipment is available. For safety rea-
sons, the
brake system on cars with ABS must be bled using
the procedures described in this repair group.
NOTE-
Before starting this procedure, read control module mem-
ory and print
out diagnostic record.
DSC system: Adjust steering angle sensor using
either
DISplus, GTI, or MoDiC. After completing work, function
test control module.

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340-32
Brakes
The procedure for removing the ABS I ASC or ABS I DSC hy-
draulic unit is similar for all models. The unit is located at the
right rear of the engine compartment.
- Using a clean syringe, empty brake fluid reservoir.
CAUTION-
Brake fluid is highly corrosive and dangerous to the environ-
ment. Dispose of it
properiw
4 Disconnect electrical harness connector (A) at hydraulic unit
(1998 DSC hydraulic unit in V-8 model shown).
Where applicable, detach electrical harness connector to
DSC pressure sensor.
Mark brake lines
(arrows) in relation to their placement on
hydraulic unit. Detach lines from unit using appropriate
sized flare wrench.
Seal open brake fluid lines and bores with suitable plugs to
prevent contamination.
- Carefully push aside brake lines from retainerslgrommets
that may be in the way of hydraulic unit removal. Use care not
to
kink brake lines.
- Remove hydraulic unit mounting screws. Remove hydraulic unit.
- If necessary, separate hydraulic unit from control module.
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Check rubber mount for hydraulic unit/control module. Re-
place if damaged.
Make sure all nuts, fluid couplings, thread bores and mat-
ing surfaces are clean.
Avoid bending pins on control module harness connector
when reattaching.
Make sure brake lines are securely seated in grommets
before installing brake lines in hydraulic unit bores.
Bleed brakes using
BMW Service Testeras described earlier.
Tightening torques Brake lines to hydraulic unit
18 Nm (13 ft-lb)
DSC electronic control unit to hydraulic unit 2.9 Nrn (26 in-lb)
(use new screws)
Hydraulic unit to body
8 Nm (6 ft-ib)
Mounting bracket to hydraulic unit 8 Nrn (6 ft-lb)

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Body shell
Exterior and aerodynamics
Crash behavlor -frontal impact
-side impact
Body
-rear impact Structural body components -rigidity
-rollover -strength -vibrations -acoustics
Bumpers compartment lid -bendable Seets,.steerlng system .dents -vibrations bars -vibration patterns
Fenders -aerodvnamic
With its traditional styling features, such as the ltidney grille.
circular headlights behind a glass cover (for reasons of
streamlining), and the
"kiclt" in the rear most roof pillar (C-pil-
lar), the E39 can be immediately recognized as a BMW.
The BMW 5 Series chassis is a unibody design constructed of
high strength steel. Attaching parts, such as the front fenders,
rear quarter panels, doors,
trunk lid and hood are also con-
structed of
steel.
Computer aided design (CAD) techniques have been used in
refining the
E39 body to reduce vehicle weight while retaining
strength and increasing torsional rigidity. For good handling
purposes, the more rigid the structure the more precisely the
suspension can operate.
Wind resistance
Windows bonded flush to the body and the guided flow of
cooling air into the engine compartment provide the
carwith a
good coefficient of drag (Cd).
E39 cars have been designed
for balanced aerodynamics but not necessarily an extremely
low Cd. See table below.
Windshield wipers are designed for effectiveness at speeds
up to and beyond 200
ltph (124 mph).
Coefficient of aerodynamic drag (Cd)
6-cylinder sedan 0.30
V-8 sedan 0.31
6-cylinder Sport Wagon 0.31
V-8 Sport Wagon 0.33
Fenders
The exterior panels are corrosion-resistant zinc coated (gal-
vanized) steel. The front fenders are bolted on. For front fend-
er replacement information, see
410 Fenders, Engine
Hood.

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400-4
I Bodv-General
Bumpers
The front and rear bumpers are clad in high quality
deform-
able plastic and, at solid barrier impact speeds of 4 kph (2.5
mph), provide protection with virtually no damage to the
bumper
orthe vehicle. In addition to hydraulic dampeners.
which absorb the initial impact energy, these bumpers are
backed by compressible tubes. These deform in a controlled
manner at impact speeds greaterthan that
forwhich bumpers
and hydraulic dampeners are designed. This helps avoid ex-
pensive damage to the body at impact speeds up to 14 kph (9
mph).
The E39 Sport Wagon was introduced to the US market in
911 998 (model year 1999). It shares many components with
the E39 sedan and is identical to it from the B-pillar forward.
US
marltet 5 Series Sport Wagons are available in two vari-
ants:
6-cylinder
(5251, 528i) powered by the 2.8 liter M52 TU en-
gine (1 999) or the 2.5 liter M54 engine (2000 and later)
* V-8 (540i) powered by the 4.4 liter M62 TU engine
The wheelbase of the Sport Wagon is the same as the sedan.
Howeverthe body is 30
mm (1.2 in) longer and 10 mm (0.4 in)
higher.
The Sport Wagon rear suspension was redesigned to elimi-
nates the upper rear spring strut mounting on the E39 sedan.
The use of separate coil springs and
shoclc absorbers results
in a flat, wide floor in the cargo area. See
300 Suspension,
Steering and Brakes-General.
The self-leveling air spring suspension system (electronic
height control or EHC) is standard on Sport Wagon V-8 mod-
els and optional on 6-cylinder models.
Sport Wagon cargo capacities are shown below.
Sport Wagon load capacities
Cargo capacity
Rear seat up 909 liters (32.1 cu ft)
Rear seat folded down I809 liters (63.9 cu ft)
Load limit
Cargo compartment
460 Kg (1014 lb)
Roof
I00 Kg (220 lb)