NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Service Repair Manual

ROCKER COVER
EM-169
[YD22DDTi]
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5. Remove rocker cover.

Loosen holding bolts in reverse order of that shown in the fig-
ure and remove.
INSTALLATION
1. Apply 3.0 mm (0.118 in) dia. on locations shown in the figure.

Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Tighten holding bolts in numerical order shown in the figure.
Re-tighten to the same torque in the same order as above.
3. Install nozzle oil seal.

Insert it straight until flange fully contacts rocker cover.
4. Install remaining parts in the reverse order of removal.
5. Before starting engine, bleed air from fuel piping. Refer to FL-18, "
Air Bleeding" .
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Start engine and increase engine speed to check for fuel leak.
CAUTION:
Do not touch the engine immediately after stopped as engine becomes extremely hot.
NOTE:
Use mirrors for checking at points out of clear sight.
SBIA0175E
JEM248G
: 7.8 N·m (0.8 kg-m, 69 in-lb)
SBIA0175E

EM-170
[YD22DDTi]
CAMSHAFT

CAMSHAFTPFP:13001
Removal and InstallationEBS00LRR
CAUTION:

This engine will have a different valve arrangement from
normal DOHC 4-valve type engines. As both camshafts on
this engine have intake and exhaust camshafts, in this
chapter they are named as follows:

Refer to the figure for intake and exhaust valve arrange-
ment.
(The camshafts have, alternately, either intake valve or an
exhaust valve.)
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-31, "Changing Engine Coolant" .
2. Remove charge air cooler. Refer to EM-135, "
Removal and Installation" .
3. Remove air duct. Refer to EM-133, "
Removal and Installation" .
4. Remove air inlet pipe. Refer to EM-141, "
EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND TURBOCHARGER" .
5. Remove rocker cover. Refer to EM-168, "
Removal and Installation" .
6. Remove vacuum pump. Refer to EM-153, "
Removal and Installation" .
7. Remove fuel injector. Refer to EM-157, "
Removal and Installation" .
8. Remove secondary timing chain. Refer to EM-180, "
Removal and Installation" .
9. Remove camshaft sprockets.
1. Camshaft bracket 2. Camshaft (right side) 3. Camshaft (left side)
4. Camshaft sprocket (right side) 5. Camshaft sprocket (left side) 6. Adjusting shim
7. Valve lifter 8. Cylinder head
Camshaft (right side) : Intake manifold side
Camshaft (left side) : Exhaust manifold side
PBIC2319E
SBIA0178E

CAMSHAFT
EM-171
[YD22DDTi]
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Loosen the camshaft sprocket mounting bolt by fixing the hex-
agonal portion of camshaft.
10. Remove camshaft.

Place distinguishing marks on the right and left sides with paint.

Loosen and remove the camshaft sprocket bolts in reverse
order shown in the figure.
11. Remove adjusting shim and valve lifter.

Remove by taking notice of the installation position, and place outside engine in order to prevent confu-
sion.
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
Visual Check of Camshaft

Check the camshaft for one sided wear or scratches.

Replace the camshaft if there are abnormalities.
Camshaft Runout

Prepare V-block on a flat surface and secure camshaft journals
No. 2 and No. 5.

Set the dial gauge vertically on journal No. 3.

Rotate camshaft in one direction by hand, then read needle
movement on dial gauge. (Total indicator reading)

If it exceeds the limit, replace camshaft.
JEM159G
JEM160G
Limit : 0.02 mm (0.0008 in)
JEM161G

EM-172
[YD22DDTi]
CAMSHAFT

Height of Cam Nose

Measure the height of cam nose using the micrometer.

If out of the standard, replace camshaft.
Camshaft Journal Oil Clearance
Camshaft journal outer diameter

Measure outer diameter of camshaft journal with micrometer.
Camshaft Bracket Inner Diameter

Install camshaft bracket and tighten bolts to the specified torque. Refer to EM-174, "INSTALLATION" for
the tightening procedure.

Measure inner diameter of camshaft bracket using the inside
micrometer.
Camshaft Oil Clearance Calculations

(Oil clearance) = (Camshaft bracket inner diameter) – (Camshaft journal outer diameter)

If out of standard, refer to the standard value of each unit, then replace the camshaft and/or cylinder head.
NOTE:
As the camshaft bracket is manufactured with the cylinder head, it is impossible to replace only the cam-
shaft bracket.Standard:
Intake : 39.505 - 39.695 mm (1.5553 - 1.5628 in)
Exhaust : 39.905 - 40.095 mm (1.5711 - 1.5785 in)
SEM549A
Standard:
No. 1 : 30.435 - 30.455 mm
(1.1982 - 1.1990 in)
No. 2, 3, 4, 5 : 23.935 - 23.955 mm
(0.9423 - 0.9431 in)
SEM012A
Standard:
No. 1 : 30.500 - 30.521 mm
(1.2008 - 1.2016 in)
No. 2, 3, 4, 5 : 24.000 - 24.021 mm
(0.9449 - 0.9457 in)
JEM162G
Standard : 0.045 - 0.086 mm (0.0018 - 0.0034 in)

CAMSHAFT
EM-173
[YD22DDTi]
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Camshaft End Play

Install dial gauge in thrust direction on front end of camshaft.
Measure end play of dial gauge when camshaft is moved for-
ward/backward (in direction to axis).

Measure the following parts if out of the standard.
–Dimension “A” for camshaft
–Dimension “B” for cylinder head

Refer to the standards above, and then replace camshaft and/or
cylinder head.
Camshaft Sprocket Runout
1. Install camshaft in cylinder head. Refer to EM-174, "INSTALLATION" for the tightening procedure.
2. Install sprocket on camshaft. Refer to EM-174, "
INSTALLA-
TION" .
3. Measure camshaft sprocket runout. (Total indicator reading)

If it exceeds the limit, replace camshaft sprocket.
Visual Inspection of Valve Lifter and Adjusting Shim
Check if surface of valve lifter and adjusting shim has any wear or
cracks.

If anything above is found, replace valve lifter or adjusting shim.Standard : 0.070 - 0.148 mm (0.0028 - 0.0058 in)
Limit : 0.24 mm (0.0094 in)
PBIC0366E
Standard : 6.882 - 6.930 mm (0.2709 - 0.2728 in)
Standard : 7.000 - 7.030 mm (0.2755 - 0.2767 in)
PBIC2320E
Limit : 0.15 mm (0.0059 in)
JEM164G
SEM160D

EM-174
[YD22DDTi]
CAMSHAFT

Valve Lifter Clearance
Valve Lifter Outer Diameter

Measure the outer diameter of the valve lifter with the microme-
ter.
Valve Lifter Bore Diameter

Measure the bore diameter of the cylinder head valve lifter with
the inside micrometer.
Valve Lifter Clearance Calculations

(Clearance) = (Valve lifter bore diameter) – (Valve lifter outer diameter)

If out of standard, refer to the outer diameter and bore diameter standard values and replace valve lifter
and/or cylinder head.
INSTALLATION
1. Install valve lifter and adjusting shim.

Make sure that these are installed in the same position as before the removal process.
2. Install camshaft.

Identify camshafts by the paint position and screw hole at the
rear end.Standard : 29.960 - 29.975 mm (1.1795 - 1.1801 in)
SEM961E
Standard : 30.000 - 30.021 mm (1.1811 - 1.1819 in)
PBIC0367E
Standard : 0.025 - 0.061 mm (0.0010 - 0.0024 in)
Camshaft (right side) Intake manifold side:
Paint is at position A (Brown) without screw hole.
Camshaft (left side) Exhaust manifold side:
Paint is at position B (Pink) with screw hole.
PBIC2496E

CAMSHAFT
EM-175
[YD22DDTi]
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Install so that knock pins are positioned in the directions
shown in the figure.
3. Install camshaft brackets.

Completely remove any foreign material on back surfaces of camshaft brackets and top surface of cyl-
inder head.

Install correctly, identifying brackets by the journal No. and
front mark on top surface.
4. Tighten bolts in the order shown in the figure according to the
following procedure:
a. Tighten all bolts.

Make sure camshaft thrusting parts (on rear side) securely fit
in their mating parts on the cylinder head.
b. Tighten all bolts.
c. Tighten all bolts.
5. Install camshaft sprockets.

Camshaft sprockets are commonly used for right side and left side.

Align camshaft sprocket and knock pin on camshaft, and install.

Holding the hexagonal part of camshaft with a wrench, tighten bolt securing camshaft sprocket.
6. Before installing spill tube after installing secondary timing chain, check and adjust valve clearance. Refer
to EM-175, "
Valve Clearance" .
7. Hereafter, install in the reverse order of removal.
Va l v e C l e a r a n c eEBS00LRS
INSPECTION

When the camshaft or parts in connection with valves are removed or replaced, and a malfunction has
occurred (poor starting, idling, or other malfunction) due to the misadjustment of the valve clearance,
inspect as follows.

Inspect and adjust when the engine is cool (at normal temperature).
PBIC2026E
JEM175G
: 2 N·m (0.2 kg-m, 1 ft-lb)
: 6 N·m (0.6 kg-m, 4 ft-lb)
: 12 - 13 N·m (1.2 - 1.4 kg-m, 9 - 10 ft-lb)
JEM160G

EM-176
[YD22DDTi]
CAMSHAFT


Be careful of the intake and exhaust valve arrangement. The
valve arrangement is different from that in a normal engine.
NOTE:
The camshafts have, alternately, either intake valve or exhaust
valve. (Refer to figure.)
1. Remove charge air cooler. Refer to EM-135, "
Removal and Installation" .
2. Remove air duct. Refer to EM-133, "
Removal and Installation" .
3. Remove rocker cover. Refer to EM-168, "
Removal and Installation" .
4. Remove fuel injector. Refer to EM-157, "
Removal and Installation" .
5. Set the No. 1 piston to TDC on its compression stroke.

Turn crankshaft pulley clockwise so that the knock pin on
camshaft left side faces straight above. (No position indicator,
etc. is provided on the crankshaft pulley.)
6. Put an alignment mark with paint, etc. on crankshaft pulley and
on oil pump housing as an angle indicator.
7. While referring to the figure, measure the valve clearance
marked in the table below.
NOTE:

The injection order is 1-3-4-2.
SBIA0178E
PBIC2533E
JEM177G
Measuring pointNo. 1No. 2No. 3No. 4
INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH
When the No. 1
cylinder is in the
TDCXXX X
SBIA0180E

CAMSHAFT
EM-177
[YD22DDTi]
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Measure the valve clearance using the feeler gauge when
engine is cool (at normal temperature).
8. Set the No. 4 cylinder at TDC by rotating the crankshaft clockwise once. (360 degrees)
9. While referring to the figure, measure the valve clearance
marked in the table below.
10. If the valve clearance is outside the specification, adjust as fol-
lows.
ADJUSTMENTS

Remove adjusting shim for parts which are outside the specified valve clearance.
1. Extract engine oil on the upper side of the cylinder head (for the air blowing in step 6).
2. Rotate crankshaft to face the camshaft for adjusting shims that
are to be removed upward.
3. Grip camshaft with the camshaft pliers (special service tool),
then using camshaft as a support point, push adjusting shim
downward to compress valve spring.
CAUTION:
Do not damage camshaft, cylinder head and the outer cir-
cumference of valve lifter.Valve clearance (Cold):
Standard:
Intake : 0.24 - 0.32 mm (0.0094 - 0.0126 in)
Exhaust : 0.26 - 0.34 mm (0.0102 - 0.0134 in)
SBIA0181E
Measuring pointNo. 1No. 2No. 3No. 4
INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH
When the No. 4
cylinder is in the
TDCXX XX
SBIA0182E
SBIA0183E
PBIC2321E

EM-178
[YD22DDTi]
CAMSHAFT

4. With valve spring in a compressed state, remove the camshaft
pliers (special service tool) by securely setting the outer circum-
ference of the valve lifter with the end of the lifter stopper (spe-
cial service tool).

Hold the lifter stopper by hand until the shim is removed.
CAUTION:
Do not retrieve the camshaft pliers forcefully, as cam-
shaft will be damaged.
5. Move the round hole of adjusting shim to the front with the very
thin screwdriver or like that.

When adjusting shim on valve lifter will not rotate smoothly,
restart from step 3 to release the end of the lifter stopper (spe-
cial service tool) from touching adjusting shim.
6. Remove adjusting shim from valve lifter by blowing air through
the round hole of the adjusting shim with the air gun.
CAUTION:
To prevent any remaining engine oil from being blown
around, thoroughly wipe the area clean and wear protective
goggles.
7. Remove adjusting shim by using the magnet hand.
8. Measure the thickness of adjusting shim using the micrometer.

Measure near the center of the shim (the part that touches
camshaft).
9. Select the new adjusting shim from the following methods.
PBIC2322E
PBIC2323E
PBIC2324E
FEM032
Calculation method of the adjusting shim thickness:
R = Thickness of removed shim
N = Thickness of new shim
M = Measured valve clearance
Intake
N = R + [M - 0.28 mm (0.0010 in)]
Exhaust
N = R + [M - 0.30 mm (0.0118 in)]