Code 21 BMW 328i 1998 E36 Repair Manual

515-8



CENTRAL
LOCKING
AND
ANTI-THEFT

Central
Body
Electronics
(ZKE
IV)



Electronic
Immobilization
System
(EWS)

Beginning
withvehicles
produced
9193
(model
year
1994),



The
electronic
anti-theft
system
known
as
EWS
was
first
in-

the
centrallocking
system
was
integrated
with
sunroof
and



troduced
in
January
1994
.
The
early
version
of
the
system

window
closure
into
the
Central
Body
Electronics
(ZKE
IV)



uses
a
starting
inhibition
module
to
interrupt
the
ignition,
the

(generation
four)
system
.
The
control
module
for
this
system



fuel
injection
and
the
starter
motor
.
This
system
is
activated

ís
mounted
in
front
of
the
glove
compartment
.



and
deactivated
by
the
centrallockíng
system
.
The
control

module
for
the
system
is
installed
under
the
left
side
of
the

Inthis
system
two
microswítches
are
operated
viathe
door



dashboard
.

lock
cylinder
at
both
front
doors
.
Turning
the
key
approximate-

ly
45°
(position
1)
operates
the
door
locking
microswitch
and



Startingwith
modeis
built
since
January
1995,
E36
cars

activates
the
alarm
system
.
Holding
the
key
in
thatposition



come
equipped
with
a
sophisticated
coded
electronic
immobi

also
closes
any
open
windows
and
the
sunroof
.



lization
system
called
EWS
II
.
Foraschematic
of
the
system,

refer
to
Fig
.
21
.

Turning
the
key
approximately
45°
in
the
opposite
direction

through
position
0
actuates
theunlocking
microswitch
and
de-

activates
the
alarm
system
(position
2)
.
See
Fig
.
20
.
NOTE
-

The
EWS
11
system
is
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
the

Driveaway
Protection
System
or
the
electronic
immobi-
lization
system
.

On
EWS
II
equipped
cars,
the
ignition
key
is
embedded
with

a
computer
chip
and
permanently
encoded
.
A
primary
code
is

programmed
into
the
keyand
finto
the
vehicle
itself
.
A
second-

ary
code
is
changed
every
time
the
vehicle
is
started
.
If
thekey

code
and
EWS
II
control
module
code
do
notmatch,
the
en-

gine
management
control
module
and
the
starter
are
dis-

abled
.
EWS
II
ignition
keyscannot
be
duplicated
.

The
system
is
designed
to
have
up
to
ten
keys
and
only
an

authorized
BMW
dealer
can
provide
replacement
keys
.
j
NOTE-
0011762a



ft
is
possible
to
damage
the
electronic
circuítry
in
the
Fig
.
20
.
ZKE
IV
door
lock
cylinder
positions
.



key,
rendering
if
unusable
.
In
that
case,
a
new
key

shouldbe
purchased
and
initialized
byan
authorized
BMW
dealer
.

LOCKING
SYSTEM
AND
ELECTRONIC
IMM081LIZATION

600
Electrical
System-General

GENERAL
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
...
600-1

Voltage
and
Polarity
........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
600-1

Ming,
Fuses
and
Relays
............
.
.
.
.
600-1

Electrical
System
Safety
Precautions
...
.
.
.
.
600-1

Electrical
Test
Equipment
.....
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
.
600-2

WIRING
DIAGRAMS
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
........
600-2

Ming
Codes
and
Abbreviations
..
.
...
.
....
600-2

ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
..
.
..
600-3

Voltage
and
Voltage
Drops
..........
.
.
.
.
.
600-4

GENERAL



Electrical
System
Safety
Precautions

A
brief
description
of
the
principal
parts
of
the
electrical
sys-
tem
is
presented
here
.
Also
covered
here
are
basic
electrical
system
troubleshooting
tips
.

Voltage
and
Polarity

The
vehicle
electrical
system
is
a
12-volt
direct
current
(DC)
negative-ground
system
.
A
voltage
regulator
controls
system
voltage
at
approximately
the
12-volt
rating
of
the
battery
.
Al¡
circuits
are
grounded
by
direct
or
indirect
connection
to
the

negative
(-)
terminal
of
the
battery
.
A
number
of
ground
con-

nections
throughout
the
car
connect
the
wiring
harness
to

chassis
ground
.
These
circuits
are
completedby
the
battery

cable
or
ground
strap
between
the
body
and
the
battery
nega-

tive
(-)
terminal
.

Wiring,
Fuses
and
Relays

Nearly
all
parts
of
the
wiring
harnessconnect
to
compo-

nents
of
the
electrical
system
with
keyed,
push-on
connectors

that
lock
into
place
.
Notable
exceptions
arethe
heavy
battery

cables
and
the
starter
wiring
.
The
wiring
is
color-coded
for
cir-

cuitidentification
.

With
theexception
of
the
battery
charging
system,
most

electrical
power
is
routed
from
the
ignition
switch
or
the
bat-
tery
through
the
main
fuse/relay
panel,
located
in
¡he
left
rear

comer
of
the
engine
compartment
.
Fuses
are
color
coded
to

indicate
current
capacities
.

The
relays
and
control
units/modules
are
mounted
in
vari-

ous
places
throughout
the
vehicle
.
See610
Electrical
Com-

ponent
Locations
.

ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
600-1

Voltage,
measuring
.
.
.
................
.
.
600-4

Voltage
drop,
testing
.
.
.....
.
.....
.
......
600-4

Continuity,
checking
..
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
600-5
Short
Circuits
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
600-5

Short
circuit,
testing
with
ohmmete'r
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
600-6

Short
circuit,
testing
with
voitmeter
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
600-6

TABLES
a
.
Terminal
and
Circuit
Numbers
..............
..
.600-3
Please
read
the
following
warnings
and
cautions
before
do-
ing
any
work
on
your
electrical
system
.

WARNING
-

"
The
cars
covered
by
this
manual
are
equipped
with
aSupplemental
Restraint
System
(SRS)
that
automatically
deploys
one
or
more
airbags
.
Each
airbag
unit
houses
an
explosive
powerful
charge
.
Any
work
involving
the
SRS
system
should
only
be
performed
byan
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
Making
repairs
without
the
proper
knowledge
and
special
test
equipment
may
cause
serious
per-
sonal
injury
.
See
721
Airbag
System
(SRS)
.

"
The
ignition
system
of
the
car
operates
at
lethal
voltages
.
People
with
pacemakers
or
weak
hearts
should
not
expose
themselves
to
the
ignition
sys-
tem
.
Extra
caution
mustbe
taken
when
working
on
the
ignition
system
or
when
servicing
theen-
gine
while
it
is
runningor
the
key
is
on
.
See
120
Ignition
System
for
additional
ignition
system
warnings
and
cautions
.

"
Before
operating
the
starter
without
starting
the
engine
(as
when
making
a
compressfon
test),
dis-
able
the
ignition
system
as
described
in
120
Igni-
tion
System
.

"
Keep
hands,
clothing
and
other
objects
clear
of
the
electric
radiator
coollng
fan
when
working
on
a
warm
engine
.
The
fan
may
start
at
any
tíme,
even
when
the
ignition
is
switched
off
.

GENERAL

600-2



ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL

CAUTION
-

"
Always
turn
off
the
engine
and
disconnect
the

negative
()
cable
from
the
batterybefore
remov-

ing
any
electrical
components
.
Disconnecting
the

battery
may
erase
fault
code(s)
stored
in
control

module
memory
.
Check
for
fault
codes
using
spe-
cial
BMW
diagnostic
equipment
.

"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-

tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of

this
manual
onpage
viii
.

"
Connect
and
disconnect
ignition
system
wires,
multiple
connectors,
and
ignition
test
equipment
leads
only
while
the
ignition
is
off
.

"
Do
not
disconnect
the
battery
with
engine
run-

ning
.

"
Do
not
quick-charge
the
battery
(for
boost
start-
ing)
for
longer
than
one
minute,
and
do
not
ex-
ceed
16
.5
volts
at
the
battery
with
the
boosting
cables
attached
.
Wait
at
feast
one
minute
before
boosting
the
battery
a
second
time
.

"
Do
not
usea
test
famp
that
has
a
normal
incan-

descent
bulb
to
test
circuits
contafning
electronic
components
.
The
high
electrical
consumptionof
these
test
lamps
may
damage
the
components
.

"
Do
not
use
an
analog
meter
.
Use
onfy
a
digital
multimeter
.

"
Many
of
the
solid-state
modules
are
static
sensi-
tive
.
Static
discharge
will
permanently
damage
them
.
Always
handle
the
modules
using
proper
static
prevention
equipment
and
techniques
.

"
To
avoid
damaging
harness
connectors
or
relay
panel
sockets,
use
jumper
wires
with
flat-blade
connectors
that
are
the
same
size
as
the
connec-
tor
or
relay
terminals
.

"
Always
switch
a
digital
multimeter
to
the
appropri-
ate
function
and
range
before
making
test
con-
nections
.

"
Do
not
tryto
start
the
engine
of
a
carwhich
has
been
heated
above176°F
(80°C),
(for
example,
in
a
paint
dryingbooth)
.
Allow
it
to
cool
to
normal
temperature
.

"
Disconnect
the
battery
before
dolng
any
electric
welding
on
the
car
.

"
Do
not
wash
the
engine
while
it
is
runnfng,
or
any-
time
the
ignition
is
switched
on
.

WIRING
DIAGRAMS

Electrical
Test
Equipment

Many
of
the
electrical
tests
described
in
this
manual
call
for

measuring
voltage,
currentorresistanceusing
a
digital
multi-

meter
(DMM)
.
Digital
meters
are
preferred
for
precise
mea-

surements
and
for
electronics
work
because
they
are
generally
more
accuratethan
analog
meters
.
The
numerical

display
is
alsoless
likely
to
be
misread,
since
there
is
no
nee-

dle
position
to
be
misinterpreted
by
reading
at
an
angle
.

An
LED
test
light
is
a
safe,
inexpensive
tool
that
can
be
used

to
perform
many
simple
electrical
tests
that
would
otherwise

require
a
digital
multimeter
.
The
LED
indicates
when
voltage

is
present
between
anytwo
test-points
in
a
circuit
.

CA
UTION-

"
Choose
test
equipment
carefully
.
Use
a
digital

multimeter
with
at
leadt
10
megaohm
input
im-

pedance,or
an
LED
test
light
.
An
analog
meter
(swing-need1e)
ora
test
light
with
a
normal
incan-
descent
bulb
may
draw
enough
current
to
dam-
age
sensitive
electronic
components
.

"
An
ohmmeter
must
not
beused
to
measure
resis-
tance
on
solidstate
components
suchas
controlunits
or
time
delay
relays
.

"
Always
disconnect
the
battery
before
making
re-

sístance
(ohm)
measurements
on
the
circuit
.

WIRING
DIAGRAMS

The
wiring
diagrams
shown
in
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams

have
been
specially
designed
to
enable
quick
and
efficientdi-

agnosis
and
troubleshooting
of
electrical
malfunctions
.

Wiring
Codes
and
Abbreviations

A
lot
of
information
is
included
in
each
wiring
diagram
if
you
know
how
to
read
them
.
Wire
colors
in
the
diagrams
are
ab-

breviated
.
Combined
color
codes
indicate
a
multi-colored
wire
.
For
example
the
code
BLU/RED
indicates
a
Blue
wire

with
a
Red
stripe
.

Many
electrical
components,
connectors,
fuses,
and

ground
locations
are
identified
using
a
unique
number
.
Each

of
there
numbers
corresponds
to
a
particular
part
in
the
circuit
commonly
found
in
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams
.

NOTE
-

Sometimes
the
color
of
en
installed
wire
may
be
differ-
ent
than
the
one
on
the
wiring
diagram
.
Don't
be
con-
cerned
.
Just
be
sure
lo
confirm
that
the
wire
connects
lo
the
proper
terminals
.

Wire
color
codes

"
BLU
.........
.
..
..
...
.
.................
Blue

"
BRN
....:....
.
..
..
...
..
...............
Brown

"
YEL
.........
.
..
..
...................
.Yellow

"
GRN
.........
.
..
..
...
.
................
creen

"
G
RY
.......
.
.
.
..
..
.....................
G
ray

"
ORG
.........
.
..
..
...
.
..............
.Orange

"
RED
......
...
.
.
..
.....................
.Red

"
BLK
.........
.
..
..
...
.
................
Black

"
VIO
..........
.
..
...
..
..
.......
.
.......
Violet

"
WHT
.........
.
.
....
.
...
:..............
White

Table
a
.
Terminal
and
Circuit
Numbers

Number



1
Circuít
description

1



j
Low
voltage
switched
terminal
of
coi¡

4



1
High
voltage
center
termina¡
of
coi¡

+x



Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
powerwhen
the
ignition
switch
is
in
the
PARK,
RUN,
or
START
position

15



Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
powerwhen
ignition
switch
is
in
RUN
or
START
position

30



Battery
positive
(+)
voltage
.
Supplies
power
whenever
battery
is
connected
.
(Not
dependent
on
ignition
switch
position,
unfused)

31



1
Ground,
battery
negative
(-)
terminal

50



Supplies
power
from
battery
to
starter
solenoid
when
ignition
switch
isin
START
position
only

+54



Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
power
when
ignition
switch
isin
the
RUN
position
only

85



1
Ground
side
(-)
ofrelay
coil

86



1
Power-in
side
(+)
ofrelay
coil

87



1
Relay
actuatedcontact

D



Alternator
warning
light
and
field
energizing
circuit

ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
600-
3

Additional
abbreviations
shown
in
the
wiring
diagrams
are

given
below
.

Abbreviations

"
ABS
........
.
...
.
...
.
..........
antilock
brakes

"
A/C
........
.
...
..
..
.
.........
.airconditioning

"
AST/ASC+T
.......
...
.
.
.......
al¡
season
traction

"
CONV
.......
.
.
...
.................
convertible

"
DME
........
.
.
...
.......
digital
motor
electronics

"
ECM



.......
.
...
..
..
.
..
electronic
control
module

"
EWS/EWS
II
......
...
.
.
coded
driveaway
protection

"
SRS
........
.
supplemental
restraint
system-airbag

"
TCM
........
.
..
....
.
transmission
control
module

"
ZKE
(94-98
models)
..
..
.
...
central
body
electronics

"
ZVM
(92-93
models)
...
.
.
..
.
.......
central
locking

ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING

Most
terminals
are
identified
by
numbers
on
the
compo-

nents
and
harness
connectors
.
The
terminal
numbers
for
ma-



Four
things
are
required
for
current
toflow
in
any
electrical

jor
electrical
connections
are
shown
in
the
diagrams
.
Though



circuit
:
a
voltagesource,
wires
or
connections
to
transport
the

many
terminal
numbers
appear
only
once,
severa¡other
num-



voltage,
a
load
or
device
that
uses
the
electricity,
and
a
con-
bers
appear
in
numerous
places
throughout
the
electrical
sys-



nection
to
ground
.
Most
problemscanbefound
using
a
digital

tem
and
identify
certain
types
ofcircuits
.
Some
of
the
most



multimeter
(volt/ohm/amp
meter)to
check
for
voltage
supply,

common
circuit
numbers
are
listed
below
in
Table
a
.



for
breaks
in
the
wiring
(infinite
resistance/no
continuity),
orfor

a
path
to
ground
that
completesthe
circuit
.

Electric
current
is
logical
in
its
flow,
always
moving
from
the

voltage
sourcetoward
ground
.
Electricalfaults
can
usually
be

located
through
a
process
of
elimination
.
When
troubleshoot-

ing
a
complex
circuit,
separate
the
circuit
into
smaller
parts
.

The
general
testsoutlined
below
may
be
helpful
in
finding

electrical
problems
.
The
information
is
most
helpful
when

used
with
the
wiring
diagrams
.

Be
sure
to
analyze
the
problem
.
Use
the
wiring
diagrams
to

determine
the
most
likely
cause
.
Getan
understanding
of
how

the
circuit
works
by
following
the
circuit
from
groundback
to

the
power
source
.

When
making
test
connections
at
connectors
andcompo-

nents,
use
care
to
avoidspreading
or
damaging
the
connec-

tors
or
terminals
.
Some
tests
may
require
jumper
wires
to

bypass
components
or
connections
in
the
wiring
harness
.

When
connecting
jumper
wires,
use
bladeconnectors
at
the

wire
ends
that
match
the
size
of
the
terminal
being
tested
.
The

small
interna¡
contacts
are
easily
spread
apart,
and
this
can

cause
intermittent
or
faultyconnections
that
can
leadto
more

problems
.

ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING

INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER
....
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
..
620-1

Instrument
cluster,
seif-testing
.
.
.......
.
..
620-1

Instrument
cluster,
removing
and
installing
...
620-1

Instrument
cluster
bulbs,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
620-2

GENERAL

This
repair
group
covers
removal
and
installation
of
the
in-
strument
cluster
and
the
Multi-information
Display
(MID)
mod-
ule
.
Bulb
replacement
information
for
these
units
is
also
included
here
.

NOTE
-

A
quick
check
of
the
temperature
gauge
and
its
electri-
cal
circuitis
given
in
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
Sys-
tem
.
Use
this
procedure
to
diagnosea
faulty
temperature
gauge

INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER

When
servicing
the
instrument
cluster,
always
disconnect
the
negative
(-)
cable
from
the
battery
and
insulate
the
cable
end
to
prevent
accidental
re-connection
.

Instrument
cluster,
seif-testing

Severa¡
different
versions
of
the
basic
instrument
cluster
havebeen
fitted
in
E36
cars
.
It
is
possibleto
perform
an
instru-
ment
cluster
test
and
display
system
test
information
.

Some
of
the
information
displayed
by
the
instrument
cluster
during
seif-testing
is
used
for
interna¡
BMW
organizationpur-
poses,
suchasmatching
the
correct
instrument
cluster
com-
ponents
during
parts
replacement
.
Other
functions
test
the
various
instrument
modules
.
Self-test
is
also
used
to
recode
the
instrument
cluster
after
removal
.

In
later
production
vehicles
(1996
and
later)
the
test
results
canbe
downioaded,
via
the
diagnostic
plug,
byan
authorized
BMW
dealertechnician
.

1
.
Turn
ignition
to
"radio"position
.

2
.
Press
and
hold
reset
button
on
trip-odometer
untiltrip-
odometer
display
shows
numerical
codes
.

620
Instruments

4
.
Turn
off
ignition
.

Instrument
cluster,

removing
and
installing

INSTRUMENTS
620-1

GENERAL
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
....
620-1



Odometer
coding
plug,
replacing
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
620-2

Vehicle
speed
sender,
replacing
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
620-3

MULTI-INFORMATION
DISPLAY
(MID)
.
.
.
620-4

Multi-Information
Display,
removing
and
installing
..
.
....
.
.........
620-4

3
.
With
each
subsequent
press
of
the
button,
a
different
function
is
tested
.
Some
functions
will
activate
need1e
gauges
.

1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
and
cover
terminal
with
insulating
material
.

CAUTION-

Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautionsgiven
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
vi¡¡
.

2
.
Remove
airbag
unit
from
steering
wheel
.
See
721
Air-
bag
System
(SRS)
.
Store
unit
in
a
safe
place
.

WARNING
-

The
airbag
is
an
explosive
devfce
and
should
be
treated
with
extreme
caution
.
Improper
handling
of
the
airbag
could
cause
serious
injury
or
death
.
Store
the
airbag
with
the
horn
pad
facing
up
.
If
stored
facing
down,
accidental
deployment
couldpropel
it
vfolently
into
the
air,
causing
injury
.

3
.
With
front
wheels
pointed
straight
ahead,
remove
steer-
ing
wheel
.
See
320
Steering
and
Wheel
Alignment
.

4
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
retaining
screws
.
See
Fig
.
1
.

5
.
Place
a
towel
over
steering
column
.
Carefully
tilt
top
of
cluster
out
of
dash
panel
.
Unlock
and
disconnect
har-
ness
connectors
from
back
of
cluster
.
See
Fig
.
2
.

INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER

620-2
INSTRUMENTS

Fig
.1.



Instrument
cluster
retaining
screws
(arrows)
.

INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER

0012562

Fig
.
3
.



Turnbulb
base
45°
in
direction
shown
(arrow)
.

l
v



w
r
v
9



10



11



12



13



14



15



16



)7



18



19



20
y
21

1
.
Temperature
warning



12
.
Brake
fluid
warning

oo13n6



2
.
Right
turn
signal



13
.
Brake
pad
wear
warning
3
.
Instrument
lighting



14
.ABS
warning
Fig
.
2
.



Instrument
cluster
connector
locking
lever
(arrow)
.



4
.
Oil
pressure
warning



15
.
Seat
belt
warning5
.
Highbeam



16
.ASTwarning
6
.
Battery
charging
lamp



17
.Check
control
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal,
noting
the
following
:



7
.
Left
turn
signal



18
.Check
engine

"
Instrument
cluster
harness
connector
locking
levers



8
.
Low
fuel
warning



19
.
LCD
lighting

must
be
in
up
position
before
installing
connector
.



9
.
Airbag
warning



20
.
Rear
foglight
(not
used)
10
.
Catalytic
converter
warning



21
.
Front
foglights
"
Install
airbag
to
steering
wheel
as
described
in
721



11
.
Emergency
brake
Airbag
System
(SRS)
.



0012563

"
Reconnect
negative
(-)
cable
to
battery
last,
once
al¡



Fig
.
4
.



Bulb
designation
chart
.

harness
connectors
have
been
reconnected
.

"
Recode
cluster
as
described
in
Instrument
cluster,



CAUTION-
seif-testing
.



Note
wattage
of
bulb
.
Excessive
wattage
could
melt
cluster
housing
.
Replace
defective
bulbs
with

Instrument
cluster
bulbs,
replacing



reptacementbulbs
of
the
same
wattage
.

1
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
as
described
above
.



Odometer
coding
plug,
replacing

2
.
Remove
faulty
bulb
by
turning
bulb
base
45°
inits

mount
and
remove
from
housing
.
See
Fig
.
3
.



The
coding
plug
maintains
a
record
of
thevehicle
mileage
.

The
back
of
the
instrument
cluster
and
its
bulb
locations
are



1
.
Record
vehicle
mileage
.

shown
in
Fig
.
4
.
2
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
as
described
earlier
.

650-2
RADIO

"
A
320-watt
Harmon-Kardon
ten
speaker
system,
including



RADIO
AND
SPEAKER
SERVICE
a
separate
high
power
multi-channel
audio
amplifier
and
two
sub-woofers
.
In
this
system,
thebass
and
volume
out-

puts
from
the
selected
audiosource
automatically
com-



Radio,
removing
and
installing

pensate
for
vehicle
speed,
making
constant
volume

adjustments
unnecessary
.
An
additional
feature
ofthis



CAUTION-
sound
system
is
the
ability
to
switch
from
normal
left-right



"
Before
beginning
work
on
the
radio
or
sound
stereo
into
Spatial
Enhancement
Mode,
which
produces
a



system,
verify
that
the
radio
is
an
original
equip-
fuller,
rounder
sound
.
See
Fig
.
3
.



ment
BMW
radio
and
that
thewiring
harness
has
not
been
modified
.
TheE36
radio
is
also
equipped
with
a
built-in
anti-theft
sys-

tem
.
lf
power
is
removed
from
the
radio
circuitry
by
removing

the
radio
electrical
connectors,
or
by
disconnecting
the
bat-
tery,
the
radio
is
rendered
inoperative
.
The
radio
is
not
perma-

nently
damaged,
and
proper
operation
can
be
restored
by

entering
the
radio
anti-theft
code
.

Fig
.
3
.
Ten
speaker
sound
system
.

RADIO
AND
SPEAKER
SERVICE

"
Servicing
of
aftermarket
sound
equipment
should
be
referredto
an
authorized
agent
of
the
equip-
ment's
manufacturer
.

"
Do
not
remove
radio
or
disconnect
the
batterywithout
first
obtaining
the
anti-theft
code
.

1.
Carefully
pry
open
small
square
covers
at
left
and
right

sides
of
radio
.

721
Airbag
System
(SRS)

Airbag
Systems
.......
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
.
721-1

AIRBAG
SENSORS
AND
ELECTRONICS
721-2

SRS
Warning
Light
and
Fault
Display
.
.
.
.
.
..
721-2

Airbagcontact
ring,
replacing
........
.
.
.
.
.
721-3

Airbag
crash
sensor,replacing
..
.
....
.
...
.
721-4

ZAE
control
module,
replacing
.
.
.
.........
721-5

GENERAL

This
repair
group
covers
only
removal
and
installation
of
air-
bag
components
.
Airbag
system
repair
and
fault
diagnosis
is
not
covered
here
.
Diagnostics,
component
testing,
and
airbag
system
repair
should
be
carried
out
by
trained
BMW
service
technicians
.

NOTE-

Special
test
equipment
is
required
to
retrieve
SRS
fault
codes,
diagnose
system
faults,
and
resetltum
off
the
SRS
indicator
light
.
The
SRS
indicator
light
will
remain
on
until
any
problem
has
been
corrected
and
the
fault
memory
has
been
cleared
.

When
servicing
cars
equipped
with
SRS,
the
precautions

on
this
page
mustbeobserved
to
prevent
personal
injury
.

Airbag
Systems

The
airbag
system
installed
on
E36
cars
through
the
1993
model
year
consisted
of
a
single
airbag
in
the
steering
wheel
.
This
systemcan
be
identified
by
the
orange
crash
sensors
lo-
cated
on
the
front
wheel
wells
and
the
absence
of
a
passenger
side
airbag
.

The
ZAE
airbag
system,
starting
in
model
year
1994
(pro-
duction
date9/93
and
later),
provides
both
a
driver
side
and
a
passenger
sideairbag
.
On
ZAE
vehicles,
the
crash
sensorsare
integrated
into
the
airbag
control
module,
located
under
thecenter
of
the
rear
seat
.
The
ZAE
control
module
triggers

deployment
of
the
airbags
When
it
sensos
the
vehicle
deceler-
ating
at
a
rate
equivalent
to
a
head-on
collisionof
at
least
13
mph
(18
km/h)
.

In
some
1997
4-door
models
and
all
1998
models,
side-impact
airbags
were
installed
in
the
front
doors
.
The
airbag
units
are

mounted
behindthe
door
trim
panels
.
Caution
mustbeused

when
working
on
vehicle
systems
in
the
proximity
of
air
bags,
such
as
the
steering
column,
the
dashboard,
or
the
doors
.

AIRBAG
SYSTEM
(SRS)



721-1

GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
......
.
.
.
.
721-1



Front
side-impact
airbag
crash
sensor,
removing
and
installing
....
.
.....
.
.....
.
721-5

AIRBAGS



..............
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
721-5

Driver
side
airbag,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
721-5

Passenger
side
airbag,

removing
and
installing
..............
.
.
.721-6

Front
side-impact
airbag,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
......
.721-7

WARNING
-

"
Airbag(s)
are
inflated
byan
explosive
device
.
Handled
improperly
or
without
adequate
safe-
guards,
the
System
can
be
very
dangerous
.
Spe-
cial
precautions
must
be
observed
prior
to
any
work
ator
near
the
driverside
airbag,
the
passen-
ger
side
airbag
(where
applicable)
or
the
side-im-
pact
airbags
(where
applicable)
.

"
The
airbag
is
a
vehicle
safety
system
.
Serious
in-
jury
may
result
if
System
service
is
attempted
by
persons
unfamiliar
with
the
BMW
SRS
and
its
ap-
proved
service
procedures
.
BMW
advises
that
all
inspection
and
service
be
performed
by
an
autho-
rized
BMW
dealer
.

"
Always
disconnect
the
battery
and
cover
the
neg-
ative
()
battery
terminal
with
an
insulator
before
startingdiagnostic,
troubleshooting
or
service
worknot
associated
with
SRS,
and
before
doing
any
welding
on
the
car
.

"
If
an
airbag
has
been
activated
due
to
an
acci-dent,
BMW
specifies
that
SRS
components
be
replaced
.
For
more
information
on
post-collision
SRS
service,
see
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.

"
Do
not
allow
the
airbag
unit
to
come
in
contact
with
cleaning
solutions
orgrease
.
Never
subject
an
airbag
unit
to
temperatures
aboye
212°F
(100°C)
.
When
reconnecting
the
battery,
no
per-
son
should
be
inside
the
vehicle
.

"
Always
place
an
airbag
unitthat
has
been
re-
moved
from
its
packaging
with
the
padded
sidefacing
upward
.
Do
not
leave
an
airbag
unlt
unat-
tended
.

"
!f
the
airbag
unit
or
airbag
control
modulehas
been
dropped
froma
height
of
!
1
2
meter
(1
Y2
ft.)
ormore,
theairbag
unit
should
not
be
installed
.

Aírbag
system
components
are
shown
in
Fig
.
1.

GENERAL

721-
6



AIRBAG
SYSTEM
(SRS)

5
.
Carefully
lift
airbag
unit
off
steering
wheel
and
discon-



6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Tighten
right
side
nect
orange
harness
connector
from
rear
of
airbag
unit
.



screw
on
airbag
first
(as
viewedfrom
driver's
seat),

See
Fig
.
10
.



then
left
side
screw
.

NOTE-



NOTE-

In
some
models,
theairbag
electrical
connection
to
the



If
there
is
no
electrical
harness
connector
between
the
steering
wheel
isvia
aplug
in
back
of
the
airbag
unit
.



airbag
and
the
steering
wheel,
be
sure
to
fit
the
push
There
is
no
wire
harness
to
disconnect
.



in
electrical
plug
in
back
of
the
airbag
finto
the
proper
re-
ceptacle
in
the
steering
wheel
.

Fig
.
10
.
Driver
sideairbag
unit
harness
connector
(arrow)
.

AIRBAGS

WARNING
-

"
Store
the
removed
airbag
unit
with
the
horn
pad
facing
up
.
If
stored
facing
down,
accidental
de-
ployment
couldpropel
it
violently
into
the
air,
causing
injury
.

"
Once
an
airbag
is
removed,
the
car
must
not
be
driven
.

"
Do
not
connect
the
battery
with
the
airbag
dis-
connected
.
A
fault
code
will
be
stored,
setting
off
the
SRS
warning
light
.
Special
tools
are
needed
to
reset
the
fault
memory
.

"
Special
instructions
apply
when
installing
an
air-
bag
equipped
steering
wheel
.
See
320
Steering
and
Wheel
Alignment
.

"
Once
the
airbag
unit
is
installnd
and
all
other
ser-vice
procedureshave
been
completed,
start
the
engíne
and
check
that
the
SRS
warning
light
goes
out
.
If
the
warning
light
stays
on,
the
SRS
system
will
not
function
as
designed
.
Have
the
system
diagnosed
and
repaired
by
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.

0013184

Tightening
Torque

"
Airbag
unitto
steering
wheel
........
8
Nm
(71
in-lb)

Passenger
side
airbag,

removing
and
installing

1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
and
cover
negative
terminal
with
insulating
material
.

2
.
Remove
glove
compartment
.
See
513
Interior
Trim
.

3
.
Lift
cover
from
topof
passenger
sideairbag
on
dash-
board
.
See
Fig
.
11
.

0013108
Fig
.
11
.
After
removing
glove
compartment,
lift
out
passenger
side
air-
bag
cover
.
Note
airbag
mounting
bolts
(A)
and
airbag
electri-
cal
connector
(B)
.

4
.
Remove
passenger
sideairbag
mounting
bolts
.
Dis-
connect
electrical
harness
connector
from
rear
of
air-
bag
unit
and
remove
airbag
.

5
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Make
sure
wiring
har-
ness
is
not
pínched
when
installing
airbag
unit
in
dash-board
.

ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS
ELE-141

Airbag
(Supplemental
Restraint
System)

_
HO
_
TA
_
TALL
_
TIMES
I



IGNITION
VIO



VIO



I
START



OFF
!SWITCH
23
__
25
___



I



!
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(FRONT



RUNACC
SUPPLEMENTAL



I



FUSE~1FUSEPDYdER
RESTRAINTS



!



F42



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F43
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SYSTEMCONTROL



7.5A



7
5q



!BOX
(
MODULE



-----
24Y
26Y



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155
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INSTRUMENT
R



>3I



I
gIRBAG
CLUSTER
I
INDICATOR/
31E



g



dI'



O
=
\1G3
IRN
03
I



5
;
3



14



X16
BLUIBLK
O
>3
1

AWL
)T/



SLU/BLK

8
BLU/VIO/VEL
3
GKBF
)

SBE
1513
BLUIBLK

WHTfRED

ABBF+
141
~
BLU/GRYORS
LU/BRN
ABBF-
,

ABF-
1
J
VEL/SRN

TXDI)9
WHT/VIO

PASSENGER'S
SEATBELTSWITCH

NCABRN
NCABLU

CONTACT-GS

G203
(2-DOOR)



SOCCEATPANCY
1
N"
BRN
1



"U
G303
(4-DOOR)



3



2



DETECTOR
G404
(318TI)

WHTIFED
m00
(7

G404
~
G203
(
X
318T1)
(31871)8TI)



1
1994-96
PASSENGER'S
AI
RSAG
GAS
GENERATOR

WHT/VIO
20
DATALINK
CONNECTOR
BLU/VIO/YEL
ORBLU/REO/



BLU/VIO/VEL



-----
I
12
WHT



3



2
ORBLUIPEO/W
HT



14
ISEATBELT



I
GKF



-{



i



(
WARNINGLAMP
X17
(CONTROL



I1
BRNSRN



I-



J
INSTRUMENT
G201
G404



CLUSTER
(1994)
(1995-1996)

CA
~~
m01

DRIVER'S
SEATBELTSWITCH
24
BRNIBLK



BRN/BLK
7I



-,CODELECTRONICS
CS



_
-ICONTROLMOOULE
1
995
LATE
PRODUCTIONAND1996