app DODGE RAM 2003 Service Owner's Manual

CV JOINT-OUTER
REMOVAL
(1) Clamp shaft in a vise (with soft jaws) and sup-
port C/V joint.
(2) Remove clamps with a cut-off wheel or grinder
(Fig. 4).
CAUTION: Do not damage C/V housing or half
shaft.
(3) Slide the boot down the shaft.
(4) Remove lubricant to expose the C/V joint snap
ring.
(5) Spread snap ring and slide the joint off the
shaft (Fig. 5).
(6) Slide boot off the shaft and discard old boot.
(7) Mark alignment marks on the inner race/hub,
bearing cage and housing with dabs of paint (Fig. 6).
(8) Clamp C/V joint in a vertical position in a soft
jawed vise.
(9) Press down one side of the bearing cage to gain
access to the ball at the opposite side.
NOTE: If joint is tight, use a hammer and brass drift
to loosen the bearing hub. Do not contact the bear-
ing cage with the drift.
(10) Remove ball from the bearing cage (Fig. 7).
(11) Repeat step above until all six balls are
removed from the bearing cage.
(12) Lift cage and inner race upward and out from
the housing (Fig. 8).
(13) Turn inner race 90É in the cage and rotate the
inner race/hub out of the cage (Fig. 9).
INSTALLATION
NOTE: If C/V joint is worn, replace entire C/V joint
and boot.
(1) Clean all C/V joint components and shaft.
(2) Apply a light coat of grease supplied with the
joint/boot to the C/V joint components before assem-
bling them.
(3) Align the inner race, cage and housing accord-
ing to the alignment reference marks.
(4) Insert the inner race into the cage (Fig. 10) and
rotate race into the cage.
(5) Rotate the inner race/hub in the cage (Fig. 11).
Fig. 4 BOOT CLAMP LOCATIONS
1 - C/V HOUSING
2 - CLAMP
3 - HALF SHAFT
4 - CLAMP
5 - C/V BOOT
Fig. 5 OUTER C/V JOINT
1 - SNAP RING
2 - SNAP RING GROVE
3 - SNAP RING PLIERS
Fig. 6 BEARING ACCESS
1 - ALIGNMENT MARKS
2 - BEARING HUB
3 - BEARING CAGE
4 - HOUSING
DRHALF SHAFT 3 - 13

(6) Insert cage into the housing (Fig. 12). Rotate
the cage 90É into the housing so the large bearing
hub counterbore is facing outwards.
(7) Apply the grease supplied with the joint/boot to
the ball races. Spread the grease equally between all
the races.
(8) Tilt inner race/hub and cage and install the
balls (Fig. 13).
(9) Place new clamps onto new boot and slide boot
onto the shaft to it's original position.
(10) Apply the rest of grease to the C/V joint and
boot.
Fig. 7 BEARING
1 - HOUSING
2 - INNER RACE/HUB
3 - BEARING CAGE
4 - BALL
Fig. 8 CAGE AND INNER RACE/HUB
1 - HOUSING
2 - INNER RACE
3 - CAGE WINDOW
Fig. 9 INNER RACE/HUB
Fig. 10 INNER RACE/HUB
1 - INNER RACE/HUB
2 - BEARING CAGE
Fig. 11 CAGE AND INNER RACE/HUB
1 - CAGE WINDOWS
2 - SNAP RING
3 - 14 HALF SHAFTDR
CV JOINT-OUTER (Continued)

FRONT AXLE - C205F
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
FRONT AXLE - C205F
DESCRIPTION.........................18
OPERATION...........................18
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING................18
REMOVAL.............................21
INSTALLATION.........................21
ADJUSTMENTS........................21
SPECIFICATIONS.......................29
SPECIAL TOOLS.......................30
AXLE SHAFTS
REMOVAL.............................33
INSTALLATION.........................33
AXLE SHAFT SEALS
REMOVAL.............................33
INSTALLATION.........................33
AXLE BEARINGS
REMOVAL.............................33INSTALLATION.........................34
PINION SEAL
REMOVAL.............................34
INSTALLATION.........................35
DIFFERENTIAL
DESCRIPTION.........................36
OPERATION...........................36
REMOVAL.............................36
DISASSEMBLY.........................37
ASSEMBLY............................38
INSTALLATION.........................38
DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARINGS
REMOVAL.............................39
INSTALLATION.........................39
PINION GEAR/RING GEAR
REMOVAL.............................40
INSTALLATION.........................42
FRONT AXLE - C205F
DESCRIPTION
The axle consists of an alumunum center section
with an axle tube extending from one side. The tube
is pressed into the differential housing. The power is
transferred from the axle through two constant veloc-
ity (C/V) drive shafts to the wheel hubs. The drive
shafts are identical and interchangeable.
OPERATION
The axle receives power from the propeller shaft.
The propeller shaft is connected to the pinion gear
which rotates the differential through the gear mesh
with the ring gear bolted to the differential case. The
engine power is transmitted to the axle shafts
through the pinion mate and side gears. The side
gears are splined to the axle shafts.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
GEAR NOISE
Axle gear noise can be caused by insufficient lubri-
cant, incorrect backlash, tooth contact, worn/damaged
gears or the carrier housing not having the proper
offset and squareness.
Gear noise usually happens at a specific speed
range. The noise can also occur during a specific type
of driving condition. These conditions are accelera-
tion, deceleration, coast, or constant load.When road testing, first warm-up the axle fluid by
driving the vehicle at least 5 miles and then acceler-
ate the vehicle to the speed range where the noise is
the greatest. Shift out-of-gear and coast through the
peak-noise range. If the noise stops or changes
greatly:
²Check for insufficient lubricant.
²Incorrect ring gear backlash.
²Gear damage.
Differential side gears and pinions can be checked
by turning the vehicle. They usually do not cause
noise during straight-ahead driving when the gears
are unloaded. The side gears are loaded during vehi-
cle turns. A worn pinion mate shaft can also cause a
snapping or a knocking noise.
BEARING NOISE
The axle shaft, differential and pinion bearings can
all produce noise when worn or damaged. Bearing
noise can be either a whining, or a growling sound.
Pinion bearings have a constant-pitch noise. This
noise changes only with vehicle speed. Pinion bearing
noise will be higher pitched because it rotates at a
faster rate. Drive the vehicle and load the differen-
tial. If bearing noise occurs, the rear pinion bearing
is the source of the noise. If the bearing noise is
heard during a coast, the front pinion bearing is the
source.
Worn or damaged differential bearings usually pro-
duce a low pitch noise. Differential bearing noise is
similar to pinion bearing noise. The pitch of differen-
3 - 18 FRONT AXLE - C205FDR

tial bearing noise is also constant and varies only
with vehicle speed.
Axle shaft bearings produce noise and vibration
when worn or damaged. The noise generally changes
when the bearings are loaded. Road test the vehicle.
Turn the vehicle sharply to the left and to the right.
This will load the bearings and change the noise
level. Where axle bearing damage is slight, the noise
is usually not noticeable at speeds above 30 mph.
LOW SPEED KNOCK
Low speed knock is generally caused by a worn
U-joint or by worn side-gear thrust washers. A worn
pinion shaft bore will also cause low speed knock.
VIBRATION
Vibration at the rear of the vehicle is usually
caused by:
²Damaged drive shaft.
²Missing drive shaft balance weight(s).
²Worn or out of balance wheels.
²Loose wheel lug nuts.
²Worn U-joint(s).
²Loose/broken springs.
²Damaged axle shaft bearing(s).
²Loose pinion gear nut.
²Excessive pinion yoke run out.
²Bent axle shaft(s).Check for loose or damaged front end components
or engine/transmission mounts. These components
can contribute to what appears to be a rear end
vibration. Do not overlook engine accessories, brack-
ets and drive belts.
All driveline components should be examined
before starting any repair.
(Refer to 22 - TIRES/WHEELS - DIAGNOSIS AND
TESTING)
DRIVELINE SNAP
A snap or clunk noise when the vehicle is shifted
into gear (or the clutch engaged) can be caused by:
²High engine idle speed.
²Transmission shift operation.
²Loose engine/transmission/transfer case mounts.
²Worn U-joints.
²Loose spring mounts.
²Loose pinion gear nut and yoke.
²Excessive ring gear backlash.
²Excessive side gear to case clearance.
The source of a snap or a clunk noise can be deter-
mined with the assistance of a helper. Raise the vehi-
cle on a hoist with the wheels free to rotate. Instruct
the helper to shift the transmission into gear. Listen
for the noise, a mechanics stethoscope is helpful in
isolating the source of a noise.
DIAGNOSTIC CHART
Condition Possible Causes Correction
Wheel Noise 1. Wheel loose. 1. Tighten loose nuts.
2. Faulty, brinelled wheel bearing. 2. Replace bearing.
Axle Shaft Noise 1. Misaligned axle tube. 1. Inspect axle tube alignment.
Correct as necessary.
2. Bent or sprung axle shaft. 2. Inspect and correct as necessary.
3. End-play in pinion bearings. 3. Refer to pinion pre-load
information and correct as
necessary.
4. Excessive gear backlash
between the ring gear and pinion.4. Check adjustment of the ring
gear and pinion backlash. Correct
as necessary.
5. Improper adjustment of pinion
gear bearings.5. Adjust the pinion bearings
pre-load.
6. Loose pinion yoke nut. 6. Tighten the pinion yoke nut.
7. Scuffed gear tooth contact
surfaces.7. Inspect and replace as
necessary.
DRFRONT AXLE - C205F 3 - 19
FRONT AXLE - C205F (Continued)

(34) Zero dial indicator face to pointer.
(35) Push and hold ring gear downward while not
allowing the pinion gear to rotate. Dial indicator
reading should be between 0.12 mm (0.005 in.) and
0.20 mm (0.008 in.). If backlash is not within specifi-
cations transfer the necessary amount of shim thick-
ness from one side of the differential housing to the
other (Fig. 19).
(36) Verify differential case and ring gear runout
by measuring ring to pinion gear backlash at eight
locations around the ring gear. Readings should not
vary more than 0.05 mm (0.002 in.). If readings vary
more than specified, the ring gear or the differential
case is defective.
After the proper backlash is achieved, perform the
Gear Contact Pattern procedure.
GEAR CONTACT PATTERN
Gear tooth contact pattern is used to verify the cor-
rect running position of the ring and pinion gears.
This will produce low noise and long gear life. Gears
which are not positioned properly may be noisy and
have shorten gear life.
(1) Wipe clean each tooth of the ring gear.
(2) Apply gear marking compound to all of the ring
gear teeth.
(3) Verify bearing cap bolts are torque specifica-
tion.
(4) Apply the brakes lightly to create at 14 N´m
(10 ft. lbs.) pinion rotating torque.
(5) Rotate the pinion/pinion yoke 4 full revolutions
in each directions.
(6) Read gear tooth contact pattern:²Gear contact pattern correct (Fig. 20). Backlash
and pinion depth is correct.
²Ring gear too far away from pinion gear (Fig.
21). Decrease backlash by moving the ring closer to
the pinion gear.
²Ring gear too close to pinion gear (Fig. 22).
Increase backlash, by moving the ring away from the
pinion gear.
Fig. 19 BACKLASH SHIM ADJUSTMENT
Fig. 20 CORRECT CONTACT PATTERN
Fig. 21 INCORRECT BACKLASH
1 - COAST SIDE TOE
2 - DRIVE SIDE HEEL
Fig. 22 INCORRECT BACKLASH
1 - DRIVE SIDE TOE
2 - COAST SIDE HEEL
3 - 28 FRONT AXLE - C205FDR
FRONT AXLE - C205F (Continued)

INSTALLATION
(1) Apply a light coating of gear lubricant on the
lip of pinion seal.
(2) Install seal with Installer 8695 and Handle
C-4171 (Fig. 34).
(3) Install companion flange onto the pinion with
Installer C-3718 and Holder 6719A.(4) Position holder against the companion flange
and install four bolts and washers into the threaded
holes. Tighten the bolt and washer so that the holder
is held to the flange.
(5) Install anewpinion nut onto the pinion shaft
and tighten the pinion nut until there is zero bearing
end-play (Fig. 35).
CAUTION: Do not exceed 271 N´m (200 ft. lbs.) the
minimum tightening torque when installing the
companion flange at this point. Damage to the col-
lapsible spacer or bearings may result.
Fig. 32 PINION ROTATING TORQUE
1 - COMPANION FLANGE
2 - INCH POUND TORQUE WRENCH
Fig. 33 COMPANION FLANGE REMOVER
1 - COMPANION FLANGE
2 - PULLER TOOL
Fig. 34 PINION SEAL INSTALLER
1 - HANDLE
2 - INSTALLER
Fig. 35 COMPANION FLANGE HOLDER
1 - DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING
2 - COMPANION FLANGE HOLDER
3 - TORQUE WRENCH
DRFRONT AXLE - C205F 3 - 35
PINION SEAL (Continued)

CAUTION: Never loosen pinion nut to decrease pin-
ion bearing rotating torque and never exceed spec-
ified preload torque. If preload torque or rotating
torque is exceeded a new collapsible spacer must
be installed.
(6) Record pinion rotating torque using an inch
pound torque wrench. The rotating torque should be
equal to the reading recorded during removal plus an
additional 0.56 N´m (5 in. lbs.) (Fig. 36).
(7) If rotating torque is low, tighten the pinion nut
in 6.8 N´m (5 ft. lbs.) increments until the proper
rotating torque is achieved.
CAUTION: If maximum tightening torque 475 N´m
(350 ft. lbs.) is reached prior to reaching the
required rotating torque, the collapsible spacer may
have been damaged. Replace the collapsible
spacer.
(8) Install propeller shaft with reference marks
aligned.
(9) Add gear lubricant to differential housing if
necessary.
(10) Install half shafts and skid plate if equipped.DIFFERENTIAL
DESCRIPTION
The differential case is a one-piece design. The dif-
ferential pinion shaft is retained with a snap ring.
Differential bearing preload and ring gear backlash
is adjusted by the use of adjusters. The adjuster are
between the differential bearings and the differential
housing. Pinion bearing preload is set and main-
tained by the use of a collapsible spacer. The
stamped steel cover provides a means for inspection
and servicing the differential.
OPERATION
During straight-ahead driving, the differential pin-
ion gears do not rotate on the pinion mate shaft. This
occurs because input torque applied to the gears is
divided and distributed equally between the two side
gears. As a result, the pinion gears revolve with the
pinion mate shaft but do not rotate around it (Fig.
37).
When turning corners, the outside wheel must
travel a greater distance than the inside wheel to
complete a turn. To accomplish this, the differential
allows the axle shafts to turn at unequal speeds (Fig.
38). In this instance, the input torque applied to the
pinion gears is not divided equally. The pinion gears
now rotate around the pinion mate shaft in opposite
directions. This allows the side gear and axle shaft
attached to the outside wheel to rotate at a faster
speed.
REMOVAL
(1) Remove differential housing cover and drain
fluid.
Fig. 36 PINION ROTATION TORQUE
1 - COMPANION FLANGE
2 - INCH POUND TORQUE WRENCH
Fig. 37 DIFFERENTIAL-STRAIGHT AHEAD DRIVING
1 - IN STRAIGHT AHEAD DRIVING EACH WHEEL ROTATES AT
100% OF CASE SPEED
2 - PINION GEAR
3 - SIDE GEAR
4 - PINION GEARS ROTATE WITH CASE
3 - 36 FRONT AXLE - C205FDR
PINION SEAL (Continued)

(3) Spread housing and measure the distance with
the dial indicator.
CAUTION: Never spread over 0.50 mm (0.020 in). If
the housing is over-spread, it could be distorted or
damaged.
(4) Remove dial indicator.
(5) Install differential case in the housing. Ensure
differential bearing cups remain in position on the
bearings and the differential preload shims are
seated in the housing. Tap differential case to ensure
bearings cups are seated in the housing.
(6) Install bearing caps to their original locations
and loosely install cap bolts.
(7) Remove housing spreader.
(8) Tighten the bearing cap bolts to 61 N´m (45 ft.
lbs.).
(9) Install axle shafts.
(10) Apply a bead of red Mopar Silicone Sealant or
equivalent to the housing cover.
CAUTION: If cover is not installed within 3 to 5 min-
utes, the cover must be cleaned and new RTV
applied or adhesion quality will be compromised.
(11) Install cover and tighten bolts in a criss-cross
pattern to 22 N´m (15 ft. lbs.).
(12) Fill differential with lubricant.
DIFFERENTIAL CASE
BEARINGS
REMOVAL
(1) Remove differential from housing.
(2) Remove bearings from the differential case
with Puller/Press C-293-PA, Adapters C-293-48 and
Plug C-293-3 (Fig. 44).
INSTALLATION
(1) Install differential case bearings with Installer
C-3716-A and Handle C-4171 (Fig. 45).
(2) Install differential into the housing.
Fig. 44 DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARING PULLER
1 - PULLER
2 - ADAPTERS
3 - BEARING
4 - DIFFERENTIAL
5 - PLUG
Fig. 45 DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARINGS
1 - HANDLE
2 - DIFFERENTIAL
3 - BEARING
4 - INSTALLER
DRFRONT AXLE - C205F 3 - 39
DIFFERENTIAL (Continued)

INSTALLATION
NOTE: The ring gear and pinion are serviced in a
matched set. Never replace one gear without replac-
ing the other matching gear. If ring and pinion
gears or bearings are replaced, Refer to Adjust-
ments for Pinion Gear Depth Setting.
(1) Apply Mopar Door Ease or equivalent lubricant
to outside surface of the bearing cups.
(2) Install rear pinion bearing cup with Installer
8692 and Driver Handle C-4171 (Fig. 53) and verify
cup is seated.(3) Install front pinion bearing cup with Installer
8693 and Handle C-4171 (Fig. 54) and verify cup is
seated.
(4) Lubricate front pinion bearing and install bear-
ing in the housing.
(5) Apply a light coating of gear lubricant on the
lip of pinion seal.
(6) Install pinion seal with Installer 8695 and
Handle C-4171 (Fig. 55).
Fig. 53 REAR PINION BEARING CUP
1 - HOUSING
2 - INSTALLER
3 - HANDLE
Fig. 54 FRONT PINION BEARING CUP
1 - HOUSING
2 - INSTALLER
3 - HANDLE
Fig. 55 PINION SEAL
1 - HANDLE
2 - INSTALLER
3 - 42 FRONT AXLE - C205FDR
PINION GEAR/RING GEAR (Continued)

FRONT AXLE - 9 1/4 AA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
FRONT AXLE - 9 1/4 AA
DESCRIPTION.........................45
OPERATION...........................45
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING................45
REMOVAL.............................48
INSTALLATION.........................48
ADJUSTMENTS........................49
SPECIFICATIONS.......................53
SPECIAL TOOLS.......................53
AXLE SHAFTS
REMOVAL.............................56
DISASSEMBLY.........................56
ASSEMBLY............................58
INSTALLATION.........................58
AXLE SHAFT SEALS
REMOVAL.............................58
INSTALLATION.........................58PINION SEAL
REMOVAL.............................60
INSTALLATION.........................60
DIFFERENTIAL
DESCRIPTION.........................61
OPERATION...........................61
REMOVAL.............................61
DISASSEMBLY.........................62
ASSEMBLY............................63
INSTALLATION.........................63
DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARINGS
REMOVAL.............................64
INSTALLATION.........................65
PINION GEAR/RING GEAR
REMOVAL.............................65
INSTALLATION.........................66
FRONT AXLE - 9 1/4 AA
DESCRIPTION
The axle consists of a cast iron center casting dif-
ferential housing with axle shaft tubes extending
from each side. The tubes are pressed into the differ-
ential housing and welded. The design has the cen-
terline of the pinion set above the centerline of the
ring gear. The axle has full-floating axle shafts,
meaning the shaft are supported by the hub bear-
ings. The axle has a vent used to relieve internal
pressure caused by lubricant vaporization and inter-
nal expansion.
OPERATION
The axle receives power from the front propeller
shaft. The propeller shaft is connected to the pinion
gear which rotates the differential through the gear
mesh with the ring gear bolted to the differential
case. The engine power is transmitted to the axle
shafts through the pinion mate and side gears. The
side gears are splined to the axle shafts.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
GEAR NOISE
Axle gear noise can be caused by insufficient lubri-
cant, incorrect backlash, tooth contact, worn/damaged
gears or the carrier housing not having the proper
offset and squareness.Gear noise usually happens at a specific speed
range. The noise can also occur during a specific type
of driving condition. These conditions are accelera-
tion, deceleration, coast, or constant load.
When road testing, first warm-up the axle fluid by
driving the vehicle at least 5 miles and then acceler-
ate the vehicle to the speed range where the noise is
the greatest. Shift out-of-gear and coast through the
peak-noise range. If the noise stops or changes
greatly:
²Check for insufficient lubricant.
²Incorrect ring gear backlash.
²Gear damage.
Differential side gears and pinions can be checked
by turning the vehicle. They usually do not cause
noise during straight-ahead driving when the gears
are unloaded. The side gears are loaded during vehi-
cle turns. A worn pinion mate shaft can also cause a
snapping or a knocking noise.
BEARING NOISE
The axle shaft, differential and pinion bearings can
all produce noise when worn or damaged. Bearing
noise can be either a whining, or a growling sound.
Pinion bearings have a constant-pitch noise. This
noise changes only with vehicle speed. Pinion bearing
noise will be higher pitched because it rotates at a
faster rate. Drive the vehicle and load the differen-
tial. If bearing noise occurs, the rear pinion bearing
is the source of the noise. If the bearing noise is
DRFRONT AXLE - 9 1/4 AA 3 - 45