FORD F650 2013 12.G Owners Manual

Air Chamber Stroke Indication
Air chamber push rods have orange stroke indicator markers that warn
when the braking system requires adjustment or repair. The orange
stripe is painted on the air chamber push rod at the slack adjuster stroke
dimension which requires service when visible during brake application.
Air brake inspection and adjustment or repairs should be performed by a
qualified service technician in accordance with the instructions in the
service manual.
Cam Brakes - Automatic Slack Adjusters
WARNING:Do not manually adjust the automatic slack adjusters
to correct excessive push rod stroke as it may result in reduced
brake effectiveness and a vehicle crash. Excessive push rod stroke
indicates that a problem exists with the automatic adjuster, with the
installation of the adjuster, or with foundation brake components that
manual adjustment does not remedy. Seek service from a qualified
facility for excessive push rod stroke.
Standard air brakes (cam) are
equipped with automatic brake
adjusters. Automatic adjustment
occurs during brake applications.
Inspect brakes for proper
adjustment at the intervals listed in
theScheduled Maintenance
chapter.
Emergency Air Brake
WARNING:Do not continue to operate the vehicle with a failure
of one of the brake systems. Take the vehicle to your dealer for
service immediately.
All vehicles are equipped with a dual brake system. In the unlikely event
of a failure of one system, the second system functions for emergency
stopping. These systems are all controlled by the brake pedal in the
same manner as for normal stops.
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HINTS ON DRIVING WITH ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
When the system is operating, the brake pedal pulses and may travel
further. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. You may also hear a noise
from the system. This is normal.
The ABS does not eliminate the dangers inherent when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle in front of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
EXHAUST BRAKE (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING:The exhaust brake is not recommended for use on
slippery or low traction road surfaces. Under these conditions a
loss of vehicle control could occur.
Note:Installing an exhaust or auxiliary brake does not necessarily
protect the engine from exceeding maximum governed speed. The
primary brakes should be used to make sure the engine never exceeds
maximum governed speed under any conditions.
Note:Before starting the engine, make sure that the exhaust brake
switch is pushed down to the off position. Do not turn the exhaust brake
on until the engine has reached normal operating temperature.
Note:Maximum exhaust brake performance is related to the type of
transmission your vehicle is equipped with.
Note:Engine speed has a major influence of retarding performance.
When engine speed is maintained at the maximum allowable level, the
exhaust brake operates at peak performance.
Note:Manual transmissions should be downshifted to the lowest gear
possible, without exceeding the maximum RPM limit of the engine.
This maximizes the exhaust brake’s retarding effect.
Note:Exhaust brakes operate effectively with automatic transmissions,
but performance varies with engine speed and the gear selected by the
transmission.
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An exhaust brake is an auxiliary braking system that assists, but does
not replace, the primary service brake system. It is intended to help
control vehicle speed. It is not a vehicle stopping device.
A switch on the instrument panel,
in combination with the accelerator
and clutch pedal, allows the
operator to make maximum use of
the exhaust brake in the following
conditions:
•off-highway driving
•mountain driving
•heavy traffic
•high-speed highway driving.
To operate the brake, push the switch up to turn it on. Push the switch
down to turn it off.
While approaching a steep grade, make sure that the exhaust brake
switch is in the on position. The exhaust brake begins working as soon as
you remove your foot from the accelerator pedal.
Before descending a hill or steep grade, always select the proper gear. If
the transmission is taken out of gear while descending, it is possible that
you cannot select another gear because of maximum RPM being
governed.
Make sure the engine speed does not exceed the maximum allowable
engine RPM. Exceeding the maximum allowable engine RPM can result
in damage to the engine. Apply the service brakes to reduce the engine
RPM or make a slower descent by using a lower gear.
While going down the grade, use a low enough gear to descend safely
with a minimum application of the service brakes. As a general guideline,
use the same gear as you use to ascend the hill.
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Exhaust Brake Operating Characteristics
When you remove your feet from both the accelerator and clutch pedals
and the exhaust brake switch is in the on position, the exhaust brake is
activated. The following conditions exist if the brake is operating properly:
•A slight change in engine sound when the exhaust brake is activated.
•A smooth braking effect. Do not expect a retarding effect similar to
sudden, hard application of the service brakes.
•The retarding force possibly felt acting against your body when the
brake is applied (depending on the grade and vehicle load). This force
is actually preventing the vehicle from going much faster.
•Engine temperature remaining in the normal operating range.
•The tachometer showing a drop in engine RPM (depending on grade
and vehicle load) during a descent.
•A decrease in road speed when the exhaust brake is applied during a
descent, except when the vehicle is carrying a heavy load or the grade
is extremely steep. In these instances, you may need to apply the
service brakes occasionally.
TRAILER BRAKES
Trailer Brake Hand Control (If Equipped)
WARNING:The hand control should never be used to apply
the brakes when the tractor and trailer are parked unattended.
Air may leak from the system and the vehicle could possibly move,
resulting in possible property damage, personal injury or death.
The hand control is located on the
right-hand side of the instrument
panel. It is used to apply the
trailer service brakes which are
independent of the truck or tractor
service brakes.
It operates a valve that provides gradual control of air pressure applied.
When the valve is only partially applied, the trailer brakes can be
overridden by pressing fully on the brake pedal.
To apply the trailer brakes using the hand control, move the lever
downward. The further the lever is pushed down, the greater the air
pressure is applied to the brakes. The lever remains in place until
manually moved.
To release the trailer brakes, move the lever up completely.
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Trailer Air Supply and Parking Brake Modular Controls
(If Equipped)
The trailer air supply valve delivers
air to the trailer supply and
automatically pops out, shutting off
the trailer supply, if pressure
decreases to approximately 35 psi
(249 kPa).
The parking brake controls the
spring brakes on the tractor. When
the knob is pulled out, it causes the
trailer supply valve to pop out,
applying both the tractor and trailer
parking brakes. The trailer brakes
may be independently released by
pushing only the trailer air supply
valve in.
Initial Charge
With the air system completely discharged, both knobs (A and B) are
out. When the air pressure reaches 70 psi (483 kPa), the trailer air
supply (A – red knob) may be pushed in and should stay in, charging the
trailer air system and releasing the trailer brakes.
B
AB
A
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The parking brake (B – yellow knob) can now be pushed in and supply
air to the tractor spring brakes, releasing them.
Normal Driving Position
With both knobs pushed in, air is supplied to both trailer and tractor
spring brakes and all brakes are released.
B
A
B
A
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System Park
With both knobs pushed in (normal driving position), the parking brakes
for both the tractor and trailer can be applied by pulling the parking
brake knob (B) out, exhausting air from the tractor spring brakes,
simultaneously causing the trailer air supply valve to pop out, applying
the trailer brakes.
Trailer Charge
If both knobs are out, and you want to recharge the trailer while leaving
the tractor spring brakes applied, the trailer air supply (A) can be
pushed in to recharge the trailer air supply line. This mode may also be
used to park a combination vehicle with tractor spring brakes.
B
AB
AB
A
B
AB
A
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Automatic Application
If both knobs are pushed in and the brake system air pressure is reduced
to approximately 35 psi (249 kPa), the trailer air supply (A) knob
automatically pops out applying the emergency or parking brakes on the
trailer. If the trailer air supply (A) knob is manually held in and the air
pressure is reduced to approximately 30 psi (207 kPa), a tripper piston
within the valve moves, exhausting the trailer air supply, applying the
trailer brakes. Further reduction of air pressure, while holding the trailer
air supply knob in, causes the parking brake knob to pop out at 25 psi
(172 kPa).
Actuation of Trailer Park (Emergency) or Tractor Bobtail Position
To actuate the trailer brakes only, pull out the trailer air supply knob
(A). The trailer brakes are now applied whether emergency or spring
brakes are used on the trailer.
This mode is also used when the tractor or truck with trailer is used
during bobtail operation.
B
A
B
A
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PARKING BRAKE
Hydraulic Brakes
WARNING:Do not use the gearshift selector in place of the
parking brake. Always set the parking brake fully AND make sure
the gearshift selector is in positionRfor vehicles equipped with a
manual transmission or positionP (if equipped)orNfor vehicles
equipped with an automatic transmission. Use of wheel chocks is also
recommended in hilly or off-road usage. Unexpected and possible
sudden vehicle movement may occur if these precautions are not taken.
WARNING:If the parking brake is fully released but the parking
brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be
working properly. See your dealer or a qualified service technician.
Apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked. To set the
parking brake, pull the handle up until it snaps into the locked position.
When the parking brake is out of adjustment, seek service immediately.
The parking brake warning lamp in the instrument cluster
illuminates, and remains illuminated (when the ignition is
turned on), until the parking brake is released.
Push the palm release lever (A) on
the parking brake handle (B) and
push down as far as possible to
release the brake. Driving with the
parking brake on causes the brakes
to wear out quickly and reduces
fuel economy.
The parking brake is not recommended to stop a moving vehicle.
However, if the normal brakes fail, the parking brake can be used to stop
your vehicle in an emergency. Since the parking brake only applies
retardation to the rear wheels, the vehicle’s stopping distance increases
greatly and the handling of your vehicle is adversely affected.
Power Park (Hydraulic Brake Vehicles Only)
This feature uses a brake chamber mounted on the chassis to power a
spring-applied, hydraulically-released driveline parking brake.
P
A
B
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The Power Park Brake is controlled by the park brake dash-mounted,
yellow knob-type switch. The switch has three positions: apply (out),
neutral (central), and release (in). The switch is spring-loaded to return
to the neutral (central) position after being pushed or pulled.
There is no visual indication at the knob that the park brake is
applied or released; check the instrument cluster. If the light is
illuminated, the parking brake is applied.
Applying the Parking Brake
Pull the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob. The parking brake
light illuminates indicating that the parking brake has been successfully
set.
Note:If the light blinks and a warning chime sounds when the control
knob is pulled, the parking brake is not functioning properly. Seek
immediate service from your dealer. SeeParking brake warning
systemin this section.
Releasing the Parking Brake
WARNING:Hold the brake pedal down while moving the
gearshift lever from position to position. If the brake pedal is not
held down, the vehicle may move unexpectedly resulting in property
damage, personal injury or death.
Note:Read and understand the following steps and perform them
whenever you prepare to drive the vehicle.
Note:The parking brake does not disengage unless sufficient system air
pressure is available.
If your vehicle is equipped with a dash-mounted push button (Allison
3000 Series) or steering column-mounted (Allison 2200 and 2500) gear
selector:
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal while the engine is running.
2. Select the appropriate drive gear.
3. Push and hold the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob until the
parking brake light turns off, then release.
If your vehicle is equipped with a manual transmission:
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal while the engine is running.
2. Press and hold the clutch pedal.
3. Select the appropriate drive gear.
4. Push and hold the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob until the
parking brake light turns off, then release.
P
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