catalytic converter FORD FIESTA 2007 Owner's Manual

303-1 4-1 5 Electronic Engine Controls 303-1 4-1 5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Monitors
The purpose of the monitors is to continuously
check the operation of the emission related sensors
and actuators. It then establishes if they are
operating within specified tolerances. All monitors
carry out their functions in such a way as to be
unnoticeable by the driver of the vehicle. Each one
is carried out under specific conditions of load,
speed and engine temperature. The Comprehensive Component Monitor, Combustion
Misfire Monitor and
AirIFuel Ratio Monitor operate
continuously. The remaining monitors are only
invoked under certain operating conditions. On
diesel variants, all of the monitors operate under
normal driving conditions: There are no monitors
which intervene and cause special operating
modes to enable the monitors to work. Some diesel
monitors are non-continuous. This means that in
a drive cycle, monitoring is done as and when
suitable driving conditions exist and potential faults
are accumulated and compared with acceptance
criteria. Examples of this type are the turbocharger
boost pressure and exhaust gas recirculation
(EGR) monitors on vehicles with common rail fuel
injection.
( Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM)
When the CCM detects a component operating out
of tolerance, it sets a Diagnostic Trouble Code
(DTC), which is stored in the EEPROM. If the same
concern is confirmed during the next trip the MIL
will be switched on. The CCM monitors many
components, sub-systems and signals. The
following is a list of those that can effect emissions
depending on application:
Electronic Ignition (El) System.
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor.
Ignition Coil.
Electronic Throttle Control Unit.
Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor.
Air Conditioning
(AIC) Clutch.
Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve.
Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor.
Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor.
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor.
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor.
Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor.
Heated Oxygen Sensor
(H02S).
Catalyst Monitor Sensor.
Charge Air Temperature Sensor.
Knock Sensor (KS).
Throttle Position (TP) Sensor.
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS).
Boost Pressure Sensor.
Cam-Crank Phasing Sensor.
EEPROM.
High Pressure Fuel Injection Pump.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Monitor.
Fuel Injectors.
Turbocharger.
Combustion Noise Monitor.
Barometric Pressure (BARO) Sensor.
Combustion Misfire Monitor (All except vehicles
with diesel engine)
The combustion misfire monitor operates independently of the others, and can detect misfires
caused by the ignition system, fuel system or
mechanical engine components. As each cylinder
fires, a characteristic crankshaft acceleration is
produced. The monitor detects irregularities in the
acceleration pattern using the crankshaft position (CKP) sensor, thus detecting the misfire. It can
also detect which cylinder has misfired.
Combustion misfires can be categorized as follows:
Type
A: These can cause catalytic converter
damage due to excessive internal temperatures.
If a certain number of misfires occur over a
pre-determined number of engine revolutions, the
MIL will be switched on to alert the driver of the
concern.
Type B: These can lead to an increase in emissions
to a point above the EOBD threshold. If the misfire
is detected during a second trip, over a,
pre-determined number of engine revolutions, the
MIL will be switched on. If the misfire does not
occur over the next three trips, the MIL will be
extinguished
AirIFuel Ratio (AFR) Monitor (All except vehicles
with diesel engine)
The H02S fitted before the catalytic converter
(upstream) measures the oxygen content of the
exhaust gas and the variations in it. This then
enables the PCM to adjust the opening times of
the fuel injectors to maintain the correct AFR. This
is known as Short Term Fuel Trim (STFT). If the
same variation is registered a pre-determined
number of times, a permanent correction factor is
applied. This is known as Long Term Fuel Trim
(LTFT), which is stored in the EEPROM. When the
correction factors exceed pre-determined limits a
DTC will be set in the EEPROM. If a concern is
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Electronic Engine Controls
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
detected in either the STFT or LTFT, and it is still
present on a second trip, the MIL will be switched
on.
Heated Oxygen Sensor (H02S) Monitor (All except
vehicles with diesel engine)
This monitors the operation of the pre (upstream)
and post (downstream) catalytic converter
H02S
sensors. It will detect deviations in airlfuel ratios
(AFR) and sensor faults.
The
H02S will cause emission increase when its
response time increases too much. To diagnose
a sensor a period is measured and the number of
leanlrich transitions are counted. The sum of valid
periods is then calculated. To avoid
non-representative measurements, the period is
valid only if the
H02S has been below a low
threshold and above a high threshold between 2
consecutive leanlrich transitions.
A failure is
declared when the sum of the measured periods
exceeds the sum of the corresponding limit (held
within the PCM) and the MIL is illuminated.
Catalytic Converter Efficiency Monitor (All except
vehicles with diesel engine)
The efficiency of a catalytic converter is measured
by its ability to store and later release oxygen to
convert harmful gases. The efficiency is reduced
if the converter becomes contaminated as it ages,
and at high gas flow rates, because the exhaust
gas does not remain in the converter long enough
to complete the conversion process. switches
over or until the end of a delay. If this
delay expires or the sensor does not switch, the
sensor is treated as failed.
Combustion Noise Monitor (Vehicles with common
rail fuel injection)
In diesel variants, the Combustion Noise Monitor
is used to trim the fuel injection pulse lengths. Each
fuel injector has an associated set of correction
data that is determined during a production end of
line test. The Combustion Noise Monitor is used
to determine how the fuel injector characteristic
changes from this initial calibration over the life of
the fuel injector.
EGR Monitor (Vehicles with diesel engine)
The functionality of the EGR system is checked by
comparing either the MAP sensor output or EGR
valve lift potentiometer output (depending upon
application) with expected values.
Diagnostic Requirements
Vehicles equipped with EOBD, can be diagnosed
using the WDS. In order for the EOBD system to
be invoked, a number of criteria must be met. After
any repair, which could affect emissions, a trip must
be carried out on the vehicle, to make sure that
engine management system operates correctly.
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
The MIL is located in the instrument cluster and is
fitted to alert the driver to the fact that an abnormal
This monitor checks for the oxygen storage condition
has developed in the engine management
capacity (OSC) of the catalytic converter. During system,
that is having an adverse effect on
a controlled period, the catalyst monitor sensor emissions.
In cases of misfires which are likely to
signal is analyzed to evaluate the OSC of the cause
catalytic converter damage, it is switched
catalyst. It represents the quantity of oxygen that on immediately.
With all other faults it will illuminate
is really used for the oxidation-reduction reaction continuously
from the second trip after the condition
by the catalytic converter If a fault has occurred occurred.
Under normal operation it should
with the catalyst monitor sensor during the catalyst illuminate
at key-on and go out almost as soon as
diagnosis, a sensor diagnosis is carried out. During the
engine is started.
the controlled diagnosis phase, the catalyst monitor
Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) sensor activity is measured and is compared to the
OSC of the catalyst. If this activity is high (low The
DTCs given
by the PCM are standardized,
0SC)theMILwillbeilluminated.Ifthroughoutthe whichmeansthatgenericscantoolscanread
controlled phase, repeated several times, the results from
all vehicles.
downstream sensor output has not moved, the
closed loop mode is delayed in order to test the
sensor. If the catalyst monitor sensor is set to rich,
the injection time is forced to lean and conversely
if the downstream sensor is set to lean, the
injection time is forced to rich until the sensor
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Automatic TransmissionlTransaxle -
Vehicles With: 4-Speed Automatic
Transmission
(AW81-40)
SPECIFICATIONS
Lubricants, Fluids, Sealers and Adhesives
A WARN1NG:Refer to the Material Safety
Data Sheets for the Automatic Transmis-
sion Fluid E-AW. Failure to follow this
instruction may result in personal injury.
Certain Transmission and Power Steering
fluids supplied to Ford contain additives
which may cause skin irritation or other
skin reactions after contact.
Automatic transmission fluid
Grease
Capacities
Specif icat
ions
WSS-M2C 924-A
WSD-MI C
230-A
For additional information, refer to: Health
and Safety Precautions
(1 00-00 General
Information, Description and Operation).
See
- Transmission Fluids. Automatic transmission fluid
(including cooler and tubes)
I Transaxle to engine flange retaining bolts I 47 I 35 I - I
Litres
5.75
Torque Specifications
I Engine ground cable to transaxle retaining nut I 25 I 18 I - I
I Torque converter retaining nuts I 27 I 20 I - I
lb-in Item
I Starter motor retaining bolts I 47 I 35 I - I
,I Engine and transaxle rear mount retaining bolt I 80 I 59 I - I
Nm
I Lower arm to the wheel knuckle I 48 I 35 I - I
I b-ft
I tie-rod end to the wheel knuckle I 48 I 35 I - I
I Exhaust flexible pipe to catalytic converter I 44 I 32 I - I
I Engine support insulator bolts I 48 I 35 I - I
IGnition switch to starter motor solenoid cable I 7 I - I 62 I
I Battery to starter motor solenoid cable I 12 I 9 I - I
-I indicator tube to transaxle retaining bolt I 25 I 18 I - I
I Selector lever cable bracket retaining bolts I 20 I 15 I - I - -
I Ground cable to transaxle retaining bolt
I Engine rear mount outer retaining nuts
I Engine rear mount center retaining nut I 90 I 66 I - I
I Battery tray retaining bolts I 25 I 18 I - I
I Strut and spring assembly top mount nuts I 25 I 18 I - I - -
Transaxle drain plug
Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) heat shield retaining
1 nut
Turbine
shaft speed (TSS) sensor retaining bolt
Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) retaining stud bolt
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G371496en
17
5
13 13 -
-
10
44
-
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Automatic Transmission/Transaxle -
Vehicles With: 4-Speed Automatic
Transmission (AW81-40)
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
17. Disconnect the ignition switch to starter Support
the exhaust flexible pipe with a
motor solenoid and battery to starter motor suitable
support wrap or suitable splint.
solenoid cables.
21. Detach the exhaust flexible pipe from the
18. Remove the accessory drive belt cover. catalytic
converter.
Discard the nuts and the gasket.
19. Remove the engine support insulator.
22m &AUTION:L~~~~ the tie-rod end retaining
nut in place to protect the ball joint stud.
N0TE:Use a 5mm Allen key to prevent the ball
joint stud from rotating.
20m ACAUTION:~~~~ bending of the exhaust
flexible pipe may cause damage resulting
in failure. Loosen
the right-hand tie-rod end retaining
nut.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G371506en
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Automatic Tra
Vehicles Wit
307-01 -72 Transm nsmission/Transaxle -
h: 4-Speed Automatic
ission
(AW81-40) 307-01 -72
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Install the intermediate shaft center bearing
cap. Attach
the lower arm to the wheel knuckle
on both sides.
f
20. CAUTIONS: 22m AwARNING:~~~~~~~ a new tie-rod end
A~he inner joint must not be bent more
retaining nut. Failure to follow this
than
18 degrees. The outer joint must not
instruction may result in personal injury.
be bent more than 45 degrees.
N0TE:Use a 5 mm Allen key to prevent the ball
ADO not damage the halfshaft seal. joint stud from rotating.
A~ake sure the snap ring is correctly Attach the right-hand tie-rod end
to the wheel
seated. knuckle.
N0TE:lnstall a
new snap ring.
Attach the left-hand halfshaft to the
transaxle.
Remove the protective sleeve before fully
installing the halfshaft.
ACAUTION:M~~~ sure that the heat shield
is installed to prevent damage to the ball
joint.
N0TE:The lower arm pinch bolt must be installed
from the rear of the wheel knuckle.
23. N0TE:lnstall new exhaust flange nuts and
a new exhaust flange gasket.
Attach the exhaust flexible pipe to the
catalytic converter.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G371506en
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308-03-27 Manual TransmissionlTransaxle 308-03-27
REMOVAL
23. Detach the coolant expansion tank from Discard the gasket.
, . the bracket and position it to one side.
24m ACAUTION:~~ brake fluid is spilt on the
paintwork, the affected area must be
immediately washed down with cold water.
Disconnect the clutch slave cylinder supply
line.
Remove the spring clip.
25. Disconnect the vehicle speed sensor (VSS)
electrical connector (if equipped).
26. Detach the exhaust flexible pipe from the
catalytic converter.
27. Remove the battery tray support bracket.
28. Remove the engine and transaxle rear
mount.
Discard the nuts.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI1 3290en
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308-03-32 Manual Transmission/'rransaxle 308-03-32
REMOVAL
2. Turn the abutment sleeve clockwise and
detach the cables from the bracket. 17' ACAUTION:~~~~ bending of the exhaust
flexible pipe may cause damage resulting
/
in failure. \.
Support the exhaust flexible pipe with a
suitable support wrap or suitable splint.
13. Remove the accessory drive belt cover.
14. Remove the engine support insulator.
15. Remove the left-hand halfshaft.
For additional information, refer to: Front
Halfshaft LH
(205-04 Front Drive
Halfshafts, Removal and Installation).
16. Remove the right-hand halfshaft.
For additional information, refer to: Front
Halfshaft RH
(205-04 Front Drive
Halfshafts, Removal and Installation).
18. Lower the vehicle.
Igm ACAUTION:~~ brake fluid is spilt on the
paintwork, the affected area must be
immediately washed down with cold water.
Disconnect the clutch slave cylinder supply
line.
Remove the spring clip.
20.
Detach the exhaust flexible pipe from the
catalytic converter.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G453416en
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308-03-63 Manual Transmission/Transaxle 308-03-63
INSTALLATION
4. Install the transaxle left-hand retaining bolt. Install the
engine rear mount.
5. Remove the retaining strap. 11. Remove the special tools.
6. Remove the transmission jack.
7. Install the engine and transaxle rear mount
retaining bracket.
12. N0TE:lnstall new exhaust flange nuts and
a new exhaust flange gasket.
Attach the exhaust flexible pipe to the
8. Lower the vehicle. catalytic
converter.
9. Using the special tools, raise the engine and
transaxle assembly.
10. N0TE:Do not tighten the engine rear mount
retaining nuts at this stage.
NOTE:
Install new engine rear mount retaining nuts.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI1 3293en
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308-03-71 Manual Transmission/Transaxle 308-03-71
INSTALLATION
Attach the exhaust flexible pipe to the 15.
Remove the support wrap or suitable splint
catalytic converter. from
the exhaust flexible pipe.
i
3m ACAUTION:~~ brake fluid is spilt on the 16. lnstall the right-hand halfshaft.
paintwork, the affected area must be For additional information,
refer to: Front
immediately washed down with cold water. Halfshaft
RH (205-04 Front Drive
N0TE:Make sure the spring clip is correctly seated. Halfshafts, Removal and Installation).
Connect the clutch slave cylinder supply
17. lnstall the left-hand halfshaft.
line. For additional information,
refer to: Front
lnstall the spring clip. Halfshaft LH (205-04 Front Drive
Halfshafts, Removal and Installation).
18. lnstall the engine support insulator.
14. Raise and support the vehicle. For
additional information, refer to: (I
00-02
Jacking and Lifting)
19. Install the accessory drive belt cover.
Jacking (Description and Operation),
Lifting (Description and Operation).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G453417en
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309-00-1 Exhaust System 309-00-1
SECTION 309-00 Exhaust System
VEHICLE APPLICATION:2006.0 Fiesta
CONTENTS PAGE
SPECIFICATIONS
Specifications ........................................................................\
.............................................. 309-00-2
DESCRIPTION AND
OPERATION
Exhaust System ........................................................................\
.......................................... 309-00-4
Exhaust system
- 1.31, 1.41 and 1.61 petrol engines and 1.41 diesel engines ...................... 309-00-4
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Catalytic Converter - 2.OL Duratec-HE (M14) ................................................................... 309-00-6
Exhaust Flexible Pipe
- 2.OL Duratec-HE (M14) ............................................................... 309-00-8
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