catalytic FORD KUGA 2011 1.G Workshop Manual

Engine – System Operation and Component Description
System Operation
The variable camshaft timing occurs
electro-hydraulically and individually for both
camshafts.
The camshaft adjusters work according to the vane
cell principle and have an adjustment range of 52°
crank angle on the intake side and 47° crank angle
on the exhaust side. On starting the engine and
during idling, both camshafts are mechanically
locked in their starting positions. The exhaust
camshaft is in the early position and the intake
camshaft is in the late position. The camshaftadjuster on the exhaust side has a torsion spring
which compensates the camshaft drive torque.
This ensures that the assembly can return to the
starting position under all operating conditions and
when the engine is turned off.
Internal exhaust gas recirculation can be realized
through continuous adjustment of the timings. This
results in better fuel consumption and more
favorable combustion temperatures which produce
less pollutants. This means that pollutant level IV
can be adhered to with a 3-way catalytic converter.
The variable timings also make it possible to
optimize performance with wide open throttle.
G1032416en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-01-
16
Engine— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-01-
16
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• REMOVE and visuallyINSPECT the catalytic
converter as necessary.
REFER to: Catalytic Converter
(309-00 Exhaust System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
• Catalytic converter blocked.
• TEST the engine cylindercompression.
REFER to: Engine(303-00
Engine System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Low cylinder compression.
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
• Engine starts but immediately
stops
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• CKP sensor.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• CMP sensor.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
•PCM.
• Check the fuel system pres-sure.
• Low fuel system pressure.
• INSPECT the fuel system.INSTALL new components as
necessary. TEST the system
for normal operation.
• Fuel system restriction.
• INSTALL a new fuel filter.
• Fuel filter blocked.
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
• Poor idling
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A- 7
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the cylinder compres-sion.
REFER to: Engine(303-00
Engine System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Low cylinder compression.
• REMOVE and visuallyINSPECT the catalytic
converter for damage. INSTALL
a new catalytic converter as
necessary.
REFER to: Catalytic Converter
(309-00 Exhaust System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
• Catalytic converter blocked.
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement as necessary.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
• Black smoke at idle
• INSPECT the fuel injectors.CLEAN the fuel injectors or
INSTALL a new set of injectors
as required only after the
checks have been carried out.
REFER to: Fuel Injectors (303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Fuel injectors.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• ECT sensor.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Fuel rail fuel pressure sensor.
• REMOVE and visuallyINSPECT the catalytic
converter for damage. INSTALL
a new catalytic converter as
necessary.
REFER to: Catalytic Converter
(309-00 Exhaust System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
• Catalytic converter blocked.
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A-
11
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 11
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Fuel rail fuel pressure sensor.
• REMOVE and visuallyINSPECT the catalytic
converter for damage. INSTALL
a new catalytic converter as
necessary.
REFER to: Catalytic Converter
(309-00 Exhaust System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
• Catalytic converter blocked.
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
• Black smoke at cruising speeds
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• ECT sensor.
• INSPECT the fuel injectors.CLEAN the fuel injectors or
INSTALL a new set of injectors
as required only after the
checks have been carried out.
REFER to: Fuel Injectors (303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Fuel injectors.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Fuel rail fuel pressure sensor.
• REMOVE and visuallyINSPECT the catalytic
converter for damage. INSTALL
a new catalytic converter as
necessary.
REFER to: Catalytic Converter
(309-00 Exhaust System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
• Catalytic converter blocked.
• CARRY OUT a controlled oilconsumption test over 1000 km
(600 miles). CONFIRM that the
oil consumption is less than 0.1
litre per 1000 km (600 miles).
• Engine burning oil.
• Blue smoke
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A- 13
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 13
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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actuated) or opened (actuated). Each cylinder has
its own injector. The injection is accurately dosed
and takes place at a time determined by the PCM.
Injection takes place immediately in front of the
intake valves of the cylinder. The injectors are
actuated ground side via end-stages integrated
into the PCM and using the signal calculated by
the engine management system. Power is supplied
via the Powertrain Control Module relay in the BJB.
The injected fuel quantity depends on the opening
time, the fuel pressure and the diameter of the
nozzle holes.
The fuel metering is determined via open or
closed-loop control.
The open control loop differs from the closed
control loop in that the lambda control is
deactivated.
The PCM switches from closed to open-loop control
if the HO2S cools down to below 600°C or fails, as
well as when accelerating, coasting and at full load.
Regulation of injected fuel quantity via the PCM
involves:
• controlling the fuel pump,
• calculating the required quantity of fuel forengine starting,
• observance of the desired air/fuel ratio,
• calculating air mass,
• and calculating the fuel quantity for the different operating states and corresponding fuel
adjustment measures.
Open loop control
Open loop control is used primarily for fuel
injection, as long as the signals of the HO2S are
not involved in the calculation of the PCM.
The two most important reasons that make it
absolutely essential to run the engine without
lambda control (open-loop control) are the following
operating conditions:
• Cold engine (starting, warm-up phase)
• Full-load operation (WOT (wide open throttle))
Under these operating conditions the engine needs
a rich air/fuel mixture with lambda values below λ
= 1 in order to achieve optimum running or
optimum performance.
It is possible to keep this unregulated range very
small by using a broadband HO2S.
Closed-loop control
Closed loop control ensures strict control of
exhaust emissions in conjunction with the TWC (three-way catalytic converter) and economical fuel
consumption. With closed loop control, the signals
from the HO2S are analyzed by the PCM and the
engine always runs in the optimum range of λ = 1.
In addition to the normal HO2S, the signal from the
monitoring sensor for the catalytic converter is also
included in the control. The lambda control is
optimized on the basis of this data.
Certain factors such as wear, component
tolerances or more minor defects such as air leaks
in the intake system are compensated for by
lambda control. If the deviation occurs for a longer
period of time, this is recorded by the adaptive
(self-learning) function of lambda control. In this
instance, the entire map is shifted by the
corresponding amount, to enable control to
commence once again from the virtual baseline.
These adaptive settings are stored in the PCM and
are also used in open-loop control conditions.
If the adaptive value is too high or too low, an error
is stored in the fault memory of the PCM.
Oxygen sensor (HO2S) and catalyst monitor
sensor
A broadband HO2S is used as the HO2S. The
HO2S is located in front of the TWC. The catalyst
monitor sensor is located in the center of the TWC
so that it can detect any deterioration in the
cleaning performance of the TWC more quickly.
The HO2S measures the residual amount of
oxygen in the exhaust before the TWC.
The catalyst monitor sensor measures the amount
of oxygen in the exhaust gas after or in the TWC.
Both the HO2S and the catalyst monitor sensor
transmit these data to the PCM.
The broadband HO2S works at temperatures of
between 650°C and 900 °C. If the temperature
rises above 1000°C, the oxygen sensor will be
irreparably damaged.
To reach optimum operating temperature as quickly
as possible, an electrically-heated oxygen sensor
is installed. The heating also serves to maintain a
suitable operating temperature while coasting, for
example, when no hot gases are flowing past the
oxygen sensor.
The heating element in the HO2S is a PTC
(positive temperature coefficient) resistor. The
heating element is supplied with battery voltage as
soon as the Powertrain Control Module relay
engages. The HO2S is earthed via the PCM. As
the heating current is high when the element is
cold, it is limited via PWM in the PCM until a certain
G1021908en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
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21
Electronic Engine Controls— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-14-
21
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Description
Item
ABS5
Cruise control
6
Select-shift switch module
7
PCM
8
Selector lever lock
9
PWM solenoid valve – shift pressure (SLS)
10
PWM solenoid valve for main line pressure
(SLT)
11
PWM- solenoid valve – TCC (SLU)
12Description
Item
Shift solenoid S1 (open when dormant)
13
Shift solenoid S2 (closed when dormant)
14
Shift solenoid S3 (closed when dormant)
15
Shift solenoid S4 (open when dormant)
16
Shift solenoid S5 (closed when dormant)
17
The TSS sensor
18
The OSS sensor
19
The TFT sensor
20
TR sensor in TCM
21
Input signals
Hard wired
• Item 18: ISS (input shaft speed) sensor
– Supplies information on the transmissioninput shaft speed. Used for calculations, for
instance the shift process, checking the
torque converter lockup and for diagnosis of
the hydraulic/mechanical operations in the
transmission.
• Item 19: OSS sensor – Supplies information on the transmissionoutput shaft speed. Used for calculations, for
instance the vehicle speed and for diagnosis
of the hydraulic/mechanical operations in the
transmission.
• Item 20: TFT sensor – Supplies information on the transmission fluidtemperature. This information is used to
adjust the shift times and the fluid pressure.
• Item 21: TR sensor – Supplies the TCM with the information on thechosen transmission range. Starting is only
possible when the selector lever is in the P
or N position. The sensor is a permanent
magnet which creates a magnetic field over
the different Hall sensors and in this way
creates a specific voltage for each shift
operation.
Via the LIN data bus
• Item 7: Selector lever module (select-shift module)
– Indicates that the selector lever is locked inposition P and supplies information on the
sport mode status. Also transmits a control
signal during select-shift gear changes and
supplies information on the fault status in the selector lever module, so that the fault codes
in the module can be stored as required.
Via the CAN data bus
• Item 4: PCM – Stop light switch ON/OFF, is used by theTCC.
– Coolant temperature, used for diagnosis of the transmission temperature sensor and for
activating the catalytic converter.
– Engine speed >400 rpm = engine running. Used for starting the transmission fluid
pressure and diagnosis functions.
– Engine rpm. Used for checking the torque converter slip and the pressure build-up,
which have an effect on the shift comfort.
– Kickdown. If the accelerator pedal is pressed down and the throttle plate is wide open, the
PCM transmits a kickdown signal to the TCM.
– Current engine speed, used to check the line pressure of the transmission.
– Throttle plate opening, used to calculate the gear changes. During sport mode and
kickdown.
– Accelerator pedal position, used to calculate the shift threshold timings.
• Item 5: ABS module – Supplies information on the vehicle speedand also on the difference in speed between
the left-hand and right-hand wheels. Prevents
changing up if the speed difference is greater
than 40 km/h, to protect the differential in the
transmission.
• Item 6: Vehicle speed control system – Is used to calculate the acceleration,depending on the position of the resume and
set buttons.
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 44
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 44
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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SECTION 309-00 Exhaust System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5
VEHICLE APPLICATION:2008.50 Kuga
PA G E
CONTENTS
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
309-00-2
Exhaust System (Component Location) ........................................................................\
.....
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION 309-00-3
Exhaust Flexible Pipe ........................................................................\
.................................
309-00-6
Catalytic Converter ........................................................................\
.....................................
309-00-1
Exhaust System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5309-00-
1
.
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Exhaust System – Component Location
E106894
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Description
Item
Exhaust flexible pipe gasket
1
HO2S (heated oxygen sensor)
2
Exhaust flexible pipe
3
Front gasket, catalytic converter
4Description
Item
Exhaust catalytic convertor
5
Rear gasket, catalytic converter
6
Rear Muffler
7
Catalyst monitor sensor
8
G1079149en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
309-00- 2
Exhaust System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5309-00-
2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Exhaust Flexible Pipe
General EquipmentCable TiesMaterials
Specification
Name
SA-M1C9107-A / YS5J-
M1C9107-AA
Grease KS-PS
Removal
NOTE:
Removal steps in this procedure may
contain installation details.
1.
E65070
2. CAUTION: Make sure that the inside of the pipe ends are clean and free of oil
residue.
1. Torque: 10Nm
2. Torque: 4Nm
3. Torque: 10Nm
2
1
3
E68504
3.Torque: 20Nm
E112607
1
2
34
4.
E67948
2
1
5. CAUTIONS:
Jointing compound must not be used
forward of the catalytic converter.
G1079152en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
309-00- 3
Exhaust System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5309-00-
3
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
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Catalytic Converter
General EquipmentCable TiesMaterials
Specification
Name
SA-M1C9107-A / YS5J-
M1C9107-AA
Grease KS-PS
Removal
NOTE:
Removal steps in this procedure may
contain installation details.
1. Refer to: Lifting(100-02 Jacking and Lifting,
Description and Operation).
2.
E65299
3. General Equipment: Cable Ties
TIE0014991
4.
E66050
5. CAUTIONS:
Jointing compound must not be used
forward of the catalytic converter.
Make sure that the exhaust flexible pipe
is not forcibly bent.
Material: Grease KS-PS (SA-M1C9107-A / YS5J-M1C9107-AA) grease
Torque: 50
Nm
E66052
x2
G1079153en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
309-00- 6
Exhaust System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5309-00-
6
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
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