flat tire FORD MUSTANG 2003 Owner's Manual

9. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported malfunction is found, correct the cause (if
possible) before proceeding to the next step.
10. If the fault is not visually evident, determine the symptom and proceed to the following symptom chart.
Steering System Symptom Definitions
Drift/Pull
Pull is a tugging sensation, felt by the hands on the steering wheel, that must be overcome to keep the
vehicle going straight.
Drift describes what a vehicle with this condition does with hands off the steering wheel.
zA vehicle-related drift/pull, on a flat road, will cause a consistent deviation from the straight-
ahead path and require constant steering input in the opposite direction to counteract the effect.
z Drift/pull may be induced by conditions external to the vehicle (i.e., wind, road camber).
Excessive Steering Wheel Play
Excessive steering wheel play is a condition in which there is too much steering wheel movement
before the wheels move. A small amount of steering wheel free play is considered normal.
Feedback
Feedback is a roughness felt in the steering wheel when the vehicle is driven over rough pavement.
Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
Hard steering or lack of assist is experienced when the steering wheel effort exceeds specifications.
Hard steering can remain constant through the full turn or occur near the end of a turn. It is important
to know the difference between hard steering/lack of assist and binding.
Hard steering or lack of assist can result from either hydraulic or mechanical conditions. It is extremely
important to know if this concern occurs during driving, during very heavy or static parking maneuvers.
Nibble
Sometimes confused with shimmy, nibble is a condition resulting from tire interaction with various road
surfaces and observed by the driver as small rotational oscillations of the steering wheel. Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering Visual Inspection Chart
Mechanical
z
Loose tie- rod ends
z Loose suspension components
z Loose steering column shaft universal joints
z Loose column intermediate shaft bolts
z Steering gear
z Binding or misaligned steering column
z Power steering pump
z Bent or pinched power steering hoses Klj . 4 ba
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z
are connected in series with the fuel pressure sensor.
z supply fuel from the fuel tank with a fuel pump mounted in the fuel tank.
A constant fuel pressure drop is maintained across the fuel injectors by the fuel pressure sensor. The
fuel pressure sensor:
zis positioned upstream from the fuel injectors on the fuel injection supply manifold.
Valve Train
The valve train operates as follows:
zball- tip hydraulic lash adjusters provide automatic lash adjustment.
z roller followers ride on the camshaft lobes, transferring the up-and- down motion of the
camshafts to the valves in the cylinder heads.
Positive Crankcase Ventilation System
All engines are equipped with a closed- type positive crankcase ventilation system recycling the
crankcase vapors to the upper intake manifold.
Lubrication System
The engine lubrication system operates as follows:
zoil is drawn into the oil pump through the oil pump screen cover and tube in the sump of the oil
pan.
z oil is pumped through the oil bypass filter on the left front side of the cylinder block.
z oil enters the main oil gallery where it is distributed to the crankshaft main journals and to both
cylinder heads.
z From the main journals, the oil is routed through cross- drilled passages in the crankshaft to
lubricate the connecting rod bearings. Controlled leakage through the crankshaft main bearings
and connecting rod bearings is slung radially outward to cool and lubricate the cylinder walls as
well as the entire connecting rod, piston and piston rings assembly.
z The left cylinder head is fed from a drilling into the supply passage feeding the main gallery at
the front of the cylinder block. The right cylinder head is fed from a drilling into the rear of the
main gallery. Main gallery pressure is reduced as it enters the cylinder head galleries through
fixed serviceable orifices located at the upper part of the feed passages. It is this reduced
pressure in the cylinder head galleries which feeds the camshaft journals, the hydraulic lash
adjusters and the primary and secondary timing chain tensioners.
z The camshaft lobe and roller followers are lubricated by splash created through valve train
operation.
Oil Pump
The lubrication system of the 4.6L (4V) engine is designed to provide optimum oil flow to critical
components of the engine through its entire operating range. The heart of the system is a positive
displacement internal gear oil pump using top seal rotors. Generically this design is known as a gerotor
pump, which operates as follows.
zThe oil pump is mounted on the front face of the cylinder block.
z The inner rotor is piloted on the crankshaft post and is driven through flats on the crankshaft. Klj . 2 ba
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9. Remove the third gear needle bearing.
zInspect the needle bearing for wear or damage. Install a new needle bearing as
necessary.
10. NOTE: Install the special tool with the flat side facing the bearing.
Using the special tool, press the output shaft front bearing from the output shaft.
11. Inspect the synchronizers. zCheck for worn, nicked or broken teeth. Install a new synchronizer as necessary.
z Check keys for wear or distortion. Install a new synchronizer as necessary.
z Check springs for distortion. Install a new synchronizer as necessary.
12. Inspect the synchronizer blocking rings. zCheck for wear or damage. Install new synchronizer blocking rings as necessary.
z Check the clearance between the synchronizer blocking ring and the gear.
„Position the blocking ring onto the gear. Make sure the correct blocking ring is
measured with the correct gear and that the blocking ring is fully seated on the
gear.
„ Insert a feeler gauge and measure the clearance, while applying pressure and
rotating the blocking ring. The measurement should be the same around the entire
circumference. If the clearance is less than 0.38 mm (0.015 in), install new
blocking rings. Klj . 6 ba
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GENERAL PROCEDURES
Headlamp Adjustment
Headlamp Aiming
1. The headlamp aiming procedure depends on the type of beam pattern the headlamp is equipped with. Vehicles may come equipped with visual optical right (VOR), visual optical left
(VOL), or SAE only (includes sealed beam type) headlamps. To identify the headlamp beam
pattern, look on the headlamp lens. Molded in small letters on the headlamp lens is one of the
following:
zSAE
z VOR or SAE
z VOL or SAE
2. Once the headlamp beam pattern is identified, aim the headlamps using one of the following methods as applicable.
zPhotometric aimers can aim SAE, VOR and VOL type headlamps. This is the preferred
method of headlamp aiming.
z Visual or screen method aiming can be used to aim SAE, VOR and VOL type
headlamps.
z Mechanical aimers can be used only with SAE type headlamps. Lamps that can be
aimed mechanically will have three nibs molded into the lens of the lamp.
Photometric Aiming 1. For the photometric aiming procedure, refer to the appropriate photometric headlamp aimer instruction manual.
Screen Method Aiming
All headlamp types
NOTE: Horizontal aim is not necessary for VOR or VOL headlamps.
NOTE: Consult your state vehicle inspection manual for recommended tolerance ranges for visual
aiming.
NOTE: The sight shield may need to be positioned or removed for access to the adjusters.
1. Before starting headlamp adjustment: zCheck the tire inflation.
z Check that no other load is in the vehicle other than a half tank of fuel.
z Check that the headlamps are clean.
z Check for correct headlamp operation.
SECTION 417-
01: Exterior Lighting 2003 Mustang Workshop Manual Klj . 1 ba
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