tires JAGUAR XJ6 1994 2.G Workshop Manual

Driveshafts & Final Drive
9.2 DRIVE SHAm, ALIGN
SRO 47.15.51
CAUTION: To preserve 'drive line' refinement, individual parts, other than fixings, MUST NOT be renewed. In the
event of any balance or drive shaft component related problem, the complete assembly must be renewed.
Under no circumstances must the flexible coupling (or its fixings) be loosened or removed from the drive
shaft flange.
Preliminary Checks
Before this procedure is actioned it is advisable to ensure that:
The gearbox mounting center stud is positioned centrally in relation to the crossmember inspection hole.
The crossmember is central on the body fixings and not 'hard over' to one side.
The differential spigot radial
run-out is within specification, see preliminary pages.
If the vehicle has been standing for
a period the tires may be 'flat-spotted'. If so, this will clear in approximate.;
400 km (250 miles). After this distance the source of vibration should be reassessed.
12 Cylinder
8 Remove exhaust center section.
All
8 Locate suitable 'plumb lines' over drive shaft outside diameter, but NOT over any balance weight or weld:
1.
2.
3.
l\lnfe:
Front section -behind gearbox output coupling, 12,7 mm (0.5 in) diameter weight (1 Fig. 1).
Rear section - immediately behind center bearing (2 Fig. 1).
Rear section - in front of differential flange (3 Fig. 1)
It is essential that the front weight should be as specified so that the different diameters of the two shafts may
be taken into account.
Method 1
8 Viewed from the rear with the rear 'plumb line' coincidental with the outside diameter of the front weight, the center
8 To re-align the center bearing, slacken bearing fixings and position to suit.
8 Tighten all fixings to specification ensuring that the 'anti-twist' plate is allowed to freely align before the center bear-
'plumb line' should align with the rear 'plumb line' (4 Fig. 1).
ing fixings are secured.
Fig. 1
1
JL7 OL3
0
0
0
0 ~~~~
Issue 1 August 1994 2 X300 VSM

may include:
0
0
Loose or worn wheel bearings.
Loose or worn suspensions or steering components.
0 Worn or damaged drive shaft slip yoke joint.
0 Front disc rotor runout.
o Loose engine or transmission supports.
0 Driveline alignment.
0 Engine driven accessories.
Suspension Systems
11.4 DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
' 11.4.1 Tire Wear
Tires should be inspected as abnormal or excessive wear may becaused by incorrect wheel alignment, wheelbire im- balance, or incorrect tire pressure.
1 1.4.2 vibration and Roughness
Vibration, roughness, and shimmy conditions may be caused by excessive tire or wheel runout, worn or cupped tires,
or wheel and tire unbalance.
Most of these conditions are due to irregularities in the road surface, hence driving the vehicle on different types of
road surface will often indicate the cause of the condition.
Do not automatically suspect the tires when attempting to diagnose a vibration concern as other sources of vibration
Before investigating any other vibration concerns,
a roaG &est and a customer inter\,.dw (if possible) should be carried
out. This can provide much of the information needed to find the source of vibration.
Drive the vehicle on a road that is preferably smooth and free of undulation and
if vibration is apparent note, the speed at which thevibration occurs, whattype of vibration occurs in each speed range (mechanical or audible), howthevibra- tion is affected by changes in vehicle speed , engine speed and engine torque, and the type of vibration sensitivity
(torque sensitive, vehicle speed sensitive, or speed sensitive).
Some of the condition terms used when describing sources of vibration are explained as follows:
0 Torque Sensitive
This condition can be improved or worsened by accelerating, decelerating, coasting, maintaining
a steady
vehicle speed and application of engine torque.
0 Vehicle Speed Sensitive
This means that the vibration always occurs at the same vehicle speed and is not affected by engine torque,
engine rpm, or transmission gear selection.
B
0 Engine Speed Sensitive
This means that the vibration occurs
at varying vehicle speeds when a different transmission gear is selected.
It can sometimes be isolated by increasing or decreasing engine speed with the transmission in 'NEUTRAL', or
by stall testing with the engine in gear. If the condition is enginesensitive, the condition is not related to tires.
If the road tests indicates that the vibration is related to the tires or wheels,use a 'lire Wear Diagnosis Chart' to
investigate the cause of concern. Should the road test indicate that there is tire whine, but noshake or vibration,
the noise originates from the contact between the tire and the road surface.
X300 VSM 3 Issue 1 August 1994

Suspension Systems
11.4.3 Front End Inspection
Do not check and adjust front wheel alignment without carrying out the following inspection for front end damage and
wear:
. Check for specified air pressure in all four tires.
Raise front of vehicle off the floor; grasping upper and lower surface of the tire, shake each front wheel to check for
. Check front suspension lower arm ball joint and mounts for looseness, wear and damage.
Check steering gear mountings and all steering linkages for looseness.
. Renew parts if necessary.
. Grasp upper and lower surface of tire and shake each wheel to check wheel bearing end play.
. Check the action of the front dampers and the condition of their attachments, as sticking or binding front dampers
worn
bearings.
Check brake caliper mountings.
may not allow the vehicle to settle in to a normal level position, possibly affecting the front-wheel alignment.
m: Front wheel bearings are adjustable (0.001 to 0.003 in. endfloat).
11.4.4
. Check the wheel bearings.
. Inspect the front suspension upper joint and renew front suspension lower wishbone if needed.
Raise vehicle and position floor jacks beneath the front suspension lower wishbone.
Grasp the lower edge of the tire and move the wheel in and out.
While moving the wheel, observe the upper and lower wishbone.
. Movement between the vertical links and the wishbones indicates abnormal ball joint wear.
. Renew ball joints.
. Check the front wheel bearings.
. Check for excessive play and wear.
Upper / Lower Ball Joint Inspection
11.4.5 Damper Inspection
m: The gas-pressurized hydraulic front dampers are not serviceable, adjustable or refillable.
Verify that all attachments of the suspension components and the front dampers are tight. Renew any front damper
. Check front dampers for external damage.
. Check for oil leakage and vehicle sag.
that
has a damaged integral lower mounting bushing.
0 Oil Leak
Leakage is the condition in which the entire damper body is covered with oil and from where
it will drip on to
the pavement. Due to correct damper lubrication a light film of oil (weepage) can usually be seen on the upper
portion of the damper.
Should there be any leakage, ensure that the fluid does not originate from sources other than the front damper.
Renew worn or damaged dampers.
0 Vehicle Sag
Renewing front dampers will not correct the problem of vehicle sag, as basically this is controlled by the spring
units.
issue 1 August 1994 4 X300 VSM

Suspension Systems
1 1.4.6 Rear Suspension lnspe&on
Check damper operation.
Check condition of rear wishbone bushings and rear suspension strut bushings.
Renew damaged or worn components.
0 Check for evidence of fluid leaks on rear dampers.
11.4.7 Vehicle Inspection
Check all tires for correct inflation pressure.
Checktire condition to confirm correct front end alignment, tire balance and overall tire conditions such as separation
Check the vehicle attitude for evidence of possible overload or sagging.
Check luggage compartment area.
. Road test vehicle to confirm customer's concern.
or
bulges.
X300 VSM 5 Issue 1 August 1994 ~ ~~

Suspension Systems
1 1.4.8 Diagnostic Procedure
Condition
Hard steering
Shimmy
I----
Bump steer (unequal
side-to-side)
Sawtooth pattern or
t excessive tire wear
Uneven tire wear
(outer or inner
shoulder)
Fronvrear
suspension noises
Possible Cause
Side-to-side difference in caster.
Tire pressure Steering gear or linkage worn or defective.
Tire
conicity
Power steering gear or linkage worn,
damaged, or incorrect adjusted.
Wear of front suspension
lower/upper
wishbone ball joints.
Unequal tire pressure.
Brake system
fault(s)
Wheel/tire imbalance or runout.
Damaged tires, unbalanced or damaged
wheels.
Incorrect wheel alignment.
Steering system malfunction
Front damper malfunction.
Loose front damper mounting.
Damaged front suspension upper
or lower
ball joints.
Damaged or worn sub
-frame to body
mounting. Damaged or worn stabilizer bar insulators.
Damaged or worn stabilizer bar link.
Damaaed or worn wheel bearina.
Rear suspension damage.
Worn steering gear mounting bracket
housing insulators.
Excessive toe
-in (high edges inboard) or
toe-out (high edges outboard).
Incorrect tire pressure.
Excessive toe.
Excessive positive or negative camber.
Loose/missing front dampers and front
damper bolt to front suspension lower
wish bone.
Action
Check the alignment and if incorrect,
adjust the caster
if needed. Inspect
components for wear or damage.
Check for abnormal loading.
Check steering system
Inspect tire for excessive wear.
Check and adjust the tire air pressure.
Note: Excessively worn or uneven tires can
cause
pull/drift.
Check steering system.
Renew ball joints.
Inflate the tires to correct and uniform
pressure.
Check the brakes.
Check wheels and tires.
Check the tires and renew
if necessary.
Balance the wheels
if necessary.
Adjust wheel alignment.
Check steering system.
Renew front damper
if necessary.
Tighten front damper mounting.
-
Renew upper and lower ball joint.
Renew rear suspension bushing.
Renew insulators.
Renew link.
Renew/adjust wheel bearing.
If the caster is uniform, check and compare
the wheelbase at the right and left sides.
If
different, inspect the suspension
components for wear and damage.
Renew bracket housing insulators.
Check and adjust toe
-in.
Correct tire pressure.
Check toe and adjust
if needed.
Check the camber and
if incorrect inspect
the related components for wear or
damage.
Tighten/renew damper bolts.
Inspect wheel hubs.
0
0
0
lssue 1 August 1994 6 X300 VSM

Suspension Systems I.\" b-
1 1.4.8 Diagnostic Procedure (continued)
Condition
30dy 'rolls'
3ody leans
'oor ride comfort
Seneral driving
nstability
Steering wheel does
lot return properly
Steering wheel pulls
:o one side
4bnormal noise
from suspension
system
Possible Cause
Weak front stabilizer bar.
Damaged or worn lower wishbone stabilizer
bar insulator. Damaged or worn stabilizer bar link
Damaged or worn rear suspension
wishbone bushing.
Damper malfunction.
Worn or deteriorated rear stabilizer bar
bushing(s). (supercharged, sports and XJ12
only)
Damaged or worn rear wishbone bushing
and weak springs.
Worn or deteriorated rear stabilizer bar
bushing(s). (supercharged, sports and XJ12
only)
Front or rear damper malfunction.
Weak
spring(s1
Damaged tires or unbalanced wheels.
Incorrect wheel alignment.
Steering system malfunction.
Damaged front suspension lower and upper
ball joints.
Damaged or worn sub
-frame to body
mounting.
Damaged or worn stabilizer bar link
Damaged or worn lower wishbone stabilizer
bar insulator.
Weak
spring(s)
Worn or deteriorated rear stabilizer bushing
(s). (supercharged, sports and XJ12 only)
Damaged tires or unbalanced wheels and
incorrect tire pressure.
Incorrect wheel alignment.
Steering system malfunction.
Damaged front suspension lower and upper
ball joints.
Incorrect tire pressure.
Damaged front suspension lower and upper
ball joints. Braking system malfunction.
Steering system malfunction.
Damaged or worn sub
-frame to body
mounting.
Damaged tires, unbalanced wheels and
incorrect tire pressure.
Poor lubrication /wear of wheel bearing.
Wear of front suspension lower and upper
ball joints.
Damaged or worn front stabilizer bar
Damaged or worn stabilizer bar link.
Damaged or worn stabilizer bar bracket.
Looseness of suspension connections.
Damaged or worn rear wishbone bushing.
Front and rear damper malfunction.
Weak
spring.Worn or deteriorated rear
stabilizer bushing
(s). (supercharged, sports
and
XJ12 only)
Action
3enew front stabilizer bar.
3enew insulators.
3enew link.
Renew bushing.
Renew damper
if necessary.
Renew Bushina
Renew bushings and springs.
Renew Bushings.
Renew dampers.
Renew springs.
Check the tires.
Adjust the wheel alignment.
Check steering system.
Renew ball joints.
Renew bushing.
Renew link.
Renew insulator.
Renew springs.
Renew bushing
Check tires.
Adjust the wheel alignment.
Check steering system.
Renew ball joints.
Check and correct tire pressure.
Renew ball joints.
Check brakes.
Check steering system.
Renew bushing.
Check tires.
Renew wheel bearing.
Renew ball joints.
Renew stabilizer bar.
Renew link.
Renew bracket.
Tighten connections.
Renew bushing.
Renew dampers.
Renew bushing
Issue 1 August 1994 X300 VSM 7

Snecif icat ion W -I- ..........
e
0
CON TENTS
Title Page
Specification. 1995 Model Year Vehicles ................................................................... 1
EngineManagementSystem ........................................................................\
. 1
Cooling System ........................................................................\
............ 7
Fuelsystem Pump ........................................................................\
......... 7
Clutch ........................................................................\
................... 7
Manual Transmission Ratios ........................................................................\
. 1
Automatic Transmission Ratios ....................................................................... \
2
Final Drive Unit Ratios ........................................................................\
..... 2
Climate Control System ........................................................................\
..... 2
Braking System ........................................................................\
............ 3
Steering&Suspension ........................................................................\
...... 4
Electrical Equipment ........................................................................\
....... 5
Lubricants & Fluids ........................................................................\
......... 7
Vehicle Weights ........................................................................\
........... 9
Tires ........................................................................\
.................... 10
Snowchains ........................................................................\
............. 17
Bulbs ........................................................................\
................... 12
Fuses ........................................................................\
................... 14
Issue 1 August 1994 AI-95MY i X300 VSM

Tire Replacement And Wheel hterchanging
WARNING: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD CROSS-PLY TIRES BE FITTED.
When renewal of tires is necessary, it is preferable to fit a complete set.
Should eitherfront or reartires only (i.e.
notthe full set) show a necessityfor renewal, newtires must befitted to replace
the worn ones.
No attempt must be made to interchange tires from the front to the rear orvice-versa, as wear produces a characteristic
pattern on each tire depending upon its position on the vehicle. If this position is changed after wear has occurred, the
performance of the tire will be adversely affected.
It should be remembered that new tires must be balanced.
The radial ply tires specified here are designed to meet the high speed performance of this vehicle. Only tires of ident
- ical specification as shown in this section must be fitted as replacements. If two replacement tires are fitted to one axle,
they must be of the same type and pattern as those on the other axle, i.e. tires must be used in sets of four of the same
manufacturer and tread pattern,
not intermixed.
Tire Fitments
32 Liter 4.0 Liier 4.0 Liter SC 6.0 Liter 6.0 Liter 0
(Normally (Daimler & (UK, Euro, ROW
Aspirated) Federal
XJ12) XJ12)
Standard 225 160 ZR16 225 I60 ZR16 - 225 I60 ZR16
225
1 55 ZR16 225 I55 ZR16 - - 225 I55
ZR16
- 255 I45 ZR17 - -
Space saver 115/85R18 115/85R18 115185 115185 115185
(where fitted) RI8 R18 RI8
Recommended tires
The following tires are recommended:
225 I60 ZR 16 ...................................................... Pirelli P4000 E
225 155 ZR 16 ...................................................... Pirelli P6000
225 155 ZR 16 ...................................................... Dunlop SP Sport 2000
255
145 ZR 17 ...................................................... Pirelli P Zero
115185 R 18 Pirelli .......................................................
0
Recommended Winter (Snow) Tires
Tire designation:
225 I60 R 16 ...................................................... Goodyear Eagle GW M+S
225 155 R 16 ....................................................... Pirelli Winter 210 M+S
225 I55 R 16 ...................................................... Michelin 330 M+S
Only use winter tires in complete sets of the same type I size.
CAUTION: Tire directional indicators must rotate in a clockwise direction when viewed from the right-hand side of
the vehicle, and in an anti-clockwise direction when viewed from the left-hand side.
The recommended pressures for winter tires are shown in the table of inflation pressures on the following page.
0
X300 VSM Issue 1 August 1994 AI-95MY 10

0
Front 13 28 23 34
Rear 13 28 23 34
115 / 85 R18 (space saver wheel) - all vehicles (where fitted)
Front not applicable not
applicable 4,1 60
Rear not applicable not
applicable 41 60
Note: Tires other than those recommended by Jaguar must be inflated to the following cold inflation pressure:
2,9 bar (44 Ibf / in2) (both front and rear).
Snow Chains
0 Snow chains may be fitted to rear wheels only.
0 Use Jaguar snow chains.
0 The chains must not be used on roads which are clear of snow.
0 Maximum speed without snow chains fitted is 210 km / h. (131 mile / h).
0 Maximum speed snow
chains fitted is 48 km / h. (30 mile / h).
0
Table of inflation pressures (cold)
Recommended tires must be inflated to the following pressures:
Issue 1 August 1994 X300 VSM AI-95MY 11