alignment JEEP LIBERTY 2002 KJ / 1.G Manual PDF

INSPECTION
(1) Whenever valves have been removed for inspec-
tion, reconditioning or replacement, valve springs
should be tested for correct tension. Discard the
springs that do not meet specifications. The following
specifications apply to both intake and exhaust
valves springs:
²Valve Closed Nominal TensionÐ76 lbs. @ 38.0
mm (1.50 in.)
²Valve Open Nominal TensionÐ136 lbs. @ 29.75
mm (1.17 in.)
(2) Inspect each valve spring for squareness with a
steel square and surface plate, test springs from both
ends. If the spring is more than 1.5 mm (1/16 inch)
out of square, install a new spring.
INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION - CYLINDER HEAD ON
(1) Install valve seal/valve spring seat assembly
(Fig. 27). Push the assembly down to seat it onto the
valve guide.
(2) Install valve spring and retainer, use Special
Tool MD-998772-A with adapter 6779 to compress
valve springs only enough to install locks. Correct
alignment of tool is necessary to avoid nicking valve
stems.
(3) Remove air hose and install spark plugs.
(4) Install camshafts and cylinder head cover .
INSTALLATION - CYLINDER HEAD OFF
(1) Coat valve stems with clean engine oil and
insert in cylinder head.(2) Install new valve stem seals on all valves
using a valve stem seal tool (Fig. 28). The valve stem
seals should be pushed firmly and squarely over
valve guide.
CAUTION: When oversize valves are used, the cor-
responding oversize valve seal must also be used.
Excessive guide wear may result if oversize seals
are not used with oversize valves.
(3) Install valve springs and retainers. Compress
valve springs only enough to install locks, taking
care not to misalign the direction of compression.
Nicked valve stems may result from misalignment of
the valve spring compressor.
CAUTION: When depressing the valve spring retain-
ers with valve spring compressor the locks can
become dislocated. Ensure both locks are in the
correct location after removing tool.
(4) Check the valve spring installed height B after
refacing the valve and seat (Fig. 29). Make sure mea-
surements are taken from top of spring seat to the
bottom surface of spring retainer. If height is greater
than 38.75 mm (1.525 in.), install a 0.762 mm (0.030
in.) spacer under the valve spring seat to bring
spring height back within specification.
HYDRAULIC LIFTERS
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - LASH ADJUSTER
(TAPPET) NOISE DIAGNOSIS
A tappet-like noise may be produced from several
items. Check the following items.
(1) Engine oil level too high or too low. This may
cause aerated oil to enter the adjusters and cause
them to be spongy.
Fig. 27 Valve Stem Seal/Valve Spring Seat - Typical
1 - 3-GROOVE -VALVE RETAINING LOCKS
2 - VALVE SPRING
3 - VALVE SEAL AND VALVE SPRING SEAT ASSEMBLY
4 - VALVE SPRING RETAINER
Fig. 28 Valve Stem Oil Seal Tool
1 - VALVE SEAL TOOL
2 - VALVE STEM
9s - 28 ENGINEKJ
VALVE SPRINGS (Continued)

OPERATION
The crankshaft transfers force generated by com-
bustion within the cylinder to the flywheel or flex-
plate.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - CRANKSHAFT END
PLAY
(1) Using Dial Indicator C-3339 and Mounting
Post L-4438, attach to front of engine, locating probe
perpendicular on nose of crankshaft (Fig. 40).
(2) Move crankshaft all the way to the rear of its
travel.
(3) Zero the dial indicator.
(4) Move crankshaft all the way to the front and
read the dial indicator. Refer to Engine Specifica-
tions.
REMOVAL
NOTE: Crankshaft can not be removed when engine
is in vehicle.
(1) Remove engine assembly from vehicle. (Refer to
9 - ENGINE - REMOVAL)
(2) Remove flex plate and crankshaft rear oil seal.
(3) Mount engine on a repair stand.
(4) Drain engine oil and remove oil filter.
(5) Remove the oil pan. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/LU-
BRICATION/OIL PAN - REMOVAL)
(6) Remove the timing belt covers. (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT / CHAIN
COVER(S) - REMOVAL)(7) Remove the timing belt. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT/CHAIN AND
SPROCKETS - REMOVAL)
(8) Remove the oil pump. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
LUBRICATION/OIL PUMP - REMOVAL)
(9) Remove balance shafts and housing assembly.
(Refer to 9 - ENGINE/VALVE TIMING/BALANCE
SHAFT - REMOVAL)
(10) Remove all bedplate bolts from the engine
block (Fig. 41).
(11) Using a mallet gently tap the bedplate loose
from the engine block dowel pins.
CAUTION: Do not pry up on one side of the bed-
plate. Damage may occur to cylinder block to bed-
plate alignment and thrust bearing.
(12) Bedplate should be removed evenly from the
cylinder block dowel pins to prevent damage to the
dowel pins and thrust bearing.
(13) Lift out crankshaft from cylinder block. Do
not damage the main bearings or journals when
removing the crankshaft.
Fig. 39 Crankshaft - Typical
1 - MAIN BEARING JOURNALS
2 - COUNTER BALANCE WEIGHTS
Fig. 40 CHECKING CRANKSHAFT END PLAY
Fig. 41 Bedplate Bolt Tightenening Sequence
KJENGINE9s-33
CRANKSHAFT (Continued)

(6) Before installing the bolts the threads should
be oiled with clean engine oil, wipe off any excess oil.
(7) Install main bearing bedplate to engine block
bolts 11, 17, and 20 finger tight. Tighten these bolts
down together until the bedplate contacts the cylin-
der block.
(8) To ensure correct thrust bearing alignment,
perform the following steps:
²Step 1: Rotate crankshaft until number 4 piston
is at TDC.
²Step 2: Move crankshaft rearward to limits of
travel.
²Step 3: Then, move crankshaft forward to limits
of travel.
²Step 4: Wedge an appropriate tool between the
rear of the cylinder block(NOT BED PLATE)and
the rear crankshaft counterweight. This will hold the
crankshaft in it's furthest forward position.
²Step 5: Install and tighten bolts (1±10) in
sequence shown in (Fig. 45) to 41 N´m (30 ft. lbs.).
²Step 6: Remove wedge tool used to hold crank-
shaft.
(9) Tighten bolts (1±10) again to 41 N´m (30 ft.
lbs.) +1/4 turn in sequence shown in (Fig. 45).
(10) Install main bearing bedplate to engine block
bolts (11±20), and torque each bolt to 28 N´m (20 ft.
lbs.) in sequence shown in (Fig. 45).
(11) After the main bearing bedplate is installed,
check the crankshaft turning torque. The turning
torque should not exceed 5.6 N´m (50 in. lbs.).
(12) Install balance shafts and housing assembly.
(Refer to 9 - ENGINE/VALVE TIMING/BALANCE
SHAFT - INSTALLATION)
(13) Install the oil pump and pickup tube. (Refer
to 9 - ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL PUMP -
INSTALLATION)
(14) Install the timing belt rear cover. (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT / CHAIN
COVER(S) - INSTALLATION)
(15) Install the timing belt. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT/CHAIN AND
SPROCKETS - INSTALLATION)
(16) Install the timing belt front covers. (Refer to 9
- ENGINE/VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT / CHAIN
COVER(S) - INSTALLATION)
(17) Install engine support bracket.
(18) Install the oil pan. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/LU-
BRICATION/OIL PAN - INSTALLATION)
(19) Install the oil filter.
(20) Install crankshaft rear oil seal. (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/ENGINE BLOCK/CRANKSHAFT OIL
SEAL - REAR - INSTALLATION)
(21) Install flex plate. Apply MopartLock & Seal
Adhesive to bolt threads and tighten to 95 N´m (70
ft. lbs.).(22) Install the engine assembly. (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE - INSTALLATION)
CRANKSHAFT MAIN
BEARINGS
STANDARD PROCEDURE - MAIN BEARING -
FITTING
For crankshaft specifications (Refer to 9 - ENGINE
- SPECIFICATIONS).
CRANKSHAFT MAIN BEARINGS
The crankshaft is supported in five main bearings.
All upper and lower bearing shells in the crankcase
have oil grooves. Crankshaft end play is controlled by
a flanged bearing on the number three main bearing
journal (Fig. 46).
Upper and lower Number 3 bearing halves are
flanged to carry the crankshaft thrust loads and are
NOT interchangeable with any other bearing halves
in the engine (Fig. 46). All bearing cap bolts removed
during service procedures are to be cleaned and oiled
before installation. Bearing shells are available in
standard and the following undersized: 0.025 mm
(0.001 in.) and 0.250 mm (0.010 in.). Never install an
undersize bearing that will reduce clearance below
specifications. Replace or machine the crankshaft as
necessary to obtain proper bearing clearances.
MAIN BEARING INSTALLATION
(1) Install the main bearing shells with the lubri-
cation groove in the cylinder block (Fig. 47).
Fig. 46 Main Bearing Identification
1 - OIL GROOVE
2 - MAIN BEARINGS
3 - OIL HOLE
KJENGINE9s-35
CRANKSHAFT (Continued)

(2) Make certain oil holes in block line up with oil
holes in bearings. Bearing tabs must seat in the
block tab slots.
CAUTION: Do not get oil on the bedplate mating
surface. It will may effect the sealer ability to seal
the bedplate to cylinder block.
(3) Oil the bearings and journals and install
crankshaft.
CAUTION: Use only the specified anaerobic sealer
on the bedplate or damage may occur to the
engine. Ensure that both cylinder block and bed-
plate surfaces are clean.
(4) Apply 1.5 to 2.0 mm (0.059 to 0.078 in.) bead
of anaerobic sealer MopartBed Plate Sealant to cyl-
inder block as shown in (Fig. 48).(5) Install lower main bearings into main bearing
cap/bedplate. Make certain the bearing tabs are
seated into the bedplate slots.
(6) Position the main bearing/bedplate onto the
engine block.
(7) Before installing bolts, lubricate the threads
with clean engine oil, wipe off any excess oil.
(8) Install main bearing bedplate to engine block
bolts 11, 17 and 20 finger tight. Tighten these bolts
down together until the bedplate contacts the cylin-
der block.
(9) To ensure correct thrust bearing alignment,
perform the following steps:
²Step 1: Rotate crankshaft until number 4 piston
is at TDC.
²Step 2: Move crankshaft rearward to limits of
travel.
²Step 3: Then, move crankshaft forward to limits
of travel.
²Step 4: Wedge an appropriate tool between the
rear of the cylinder block(NOT BED PLATE)and
the rear crankshaft counterweight. This will hold the
crankshaft in it's furthest forward position.
²Step 5: Install and tighten bolts (1±10) in
sequence shown in (Fig. 49) to 41 N´m (30 ft. lbs.).
²Step 6: Remove wedge tool used to hold crank-
shaft.
(10) Tighten bolts (1±10) again to 41 N´m (30 ft.
lbs.)PLUS1/4 turn in sequence shown in (Fig. 49).
(11) Install main bearing bedplate to engine block
bolts (11±20), and torque each bolt to 28 N´m (20 ft.
lbs.) in sequence shown in (Fig. 49).
(12) After the main bearing bedplate is installed,
check the crankshaft turning torque. The turning
torque should not exceed 5.6 N´m (50 in. lbs.).
Fig. 47 Installing Main Bearing Upper Shell
1 - LUBRICATION GROOVES
2 - OIL HOLES
Fig. 48 Main Bearing Caps/Bedplate Sealing
Fig. 49 Main Bearing Caps/Bedplate Tightening
Sequence
9s - 36 ENGINEKJ
CRANKSHAFT MAIN BEARINGS (Continued)

(4) Install flex plate. Apply MopartLock & Seal
Adhesive to bolt threads and tighten bolts to 95 N´m
(70 ft. lbs.).
(5) Install the transmission.
PISTON & CONNECTING ROD
DESCRIPTION
The pistons are made of a cast aluminum alloy.
The pistons have pressed-in pins attached to forged
powdered metal connecting rods. The pistons pin is
offset 1 mm (0.0394 in.) towards the thrust side of
the piston. The connecting rods are a cracked cap
design and are not repairable. Hex head cap screws
are used to provide alignment and durability in the
assembly. The pistons and connecting rods are ser-
viced as an assembly.
OPERATION
The piston and connecting rod is the link between
the combustion force to the crankshaft.
REMOVAL
NOTE: Cylinder Head must be removed before Pis-
tons and Rods. Refer to Cylinder Head Removal in
this section.
(1) Remove top ridge of cylinder bores with a reli-
able ridge reamer before removing pistons from cyl-
inder block.Be sure to keep tops of pistons
covered during this operation. Mark piston with
matching cylinder number (Fig. 60).
(2) Remove oil pan. Scribe the cylinder number on
the side of the rod and cap (Fig. 61) for identification.
(3) Pistons have a directional stamping in the
front half of the piston facing towards thefrontof
engine.
(4) Pistons and connecting rods must be removed
from top of cylinder block. Rotate crankshaft so that
each connecting rod is centered in cylinder bore.
(5) Remove Balance Shaft Assembly. Refer to Bal-
ance Shaft Removal in this section.
(6) Remove connecting rod cap bolts. Push each
piston and rod assembly out of cylinder bore.
NOTE: Be careful not to nick crankshaft journals.
(7) After removal, install bearing cap on the mat-
ing rod.
(8) Piston and Rods are serviced as an assembly.
Fig. 59 Rear Crankshaft SealÐInstallation
1 - SPECIAL TOOL 6926±2 INSTALLER
Fig. 60 Piston Markings
1 - DIRECTIONAL ARROW WILL BE IMPRINTED IN THIS AREA
9s - 40 ENGINEKJ
CRANKSHAFT OIL SEAL - REAR (Continued)

(1) Set crankshaft sprocket to TDC by aligning the
sprocket with the arrow on the oil pump housing.
(2) Set camshafts timing marks so that the
exhaust camshaft sprocket is a 1/2 notch below the
intake camshaft sprocket (Fig. 99).
CAUTION: Ensure that the arrows on both camshaft
sprockets are facing up.
(3) Install timing belt. Starting at the crankshaft,
go around the water pump sprocket, idler pulley,
camshaft sprockets and then around the tensioner
(Fig. 100).
(4) Move the exhaust camshaft sprocket counter-
clockwise (Fig. 100) to align marks and take up belt
slack.
(5) Inserta6mmAllen wrench into the hexagon
opening located on the top plate of the belt tensioner
pulley. Rotate the top plateCOUNTERCLOCK-
WISE. The tensioner pulley will move against the
belt and the tensioner setting notch will eventually
start to move clockwise. Watching the movement of
the setting notch, continue rotating the top plate
counterclockwise until the setting notch is aligned
with the spring tang (Fig. 101). Using the allen
wrench to prevent the top plate from moving, torque
the tensioner lock nut to 30 N´m (22 ft. lbs.). Setting
notch and spring tang should remain aligned after
lock nut is torqued.
(6) Remove allen wrench and torque wrench.NOTE: Repositioning the crankshaft to the TDC
position must be done only during the CLOCKWISE
rotation movement. If TDC is missed, rotate a fur-
ther two revolutions until TDC is achieved. DO NOT
rotate crankshaft counterclockwise as this will
make verification of proper tensioner setting impos-
sible.
(7) Once the timing belt has been installed and
tensioner adjusted, rotate the crankshaft CLOCK-
WISE two complete revolutions manually for seating
of the belt, until the crankshaft is repositioned at the
TDC position. Verify that the camshaft and crank-
shaft timing marks are in proper position (Fig. 102).
Fig. 99 Camshaft Sprocket Alignment
1 - CAMSHAFT SPROCKET-EXHAUST
2 - CAMSHAFT SPROCKET-INTAKE
3 - 1/2 NOTCH LOCATION
Fig. 100 Timing Belt - Installation - Typical
1 - ROTATE CAMSHAFT SPROCKET TO TAKE UP BELT SLACK
2 - CAMSHAFT TIMING MARKS 1/2 NOTCH LOCATION
3 - CRANKSHAFT AT TDC
4 - INSTALL BELT IN THIS DIRECTION
KJENGINE9s-57
TIMING BELT AND SPROCKET(S) (Continued)

TIMING BELT TENSIONER &
PULLEY
REMOVAL
(1) Remove the timing belt. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT/CHAIN AND
SPROCKETS - REMOVAL)
(2) Remove timing belt idler pulley.
(3) Hold camshaft sprocket with Special Tool 6847
while removing bolt (Fig. 104). Remove both cam
sprockets.
(4) Remove rear timing belt cover fasteners and
remove cover from engine (Fig. 105).
(5) Remove lower bolt attaching timing belt ten-
sioner assembly to engine and remove tensioneras
an assembly.
INSTALLATION
(1) Align timing belt tensioner assembly to engine
and install lower mounting boltbut do not tighten.
To properly align tensioner assemblyÐinstall one of
the engine bracket mounting bolts (M10) 5 to 7 turns
into the tensioner's upper mounting location.
(2) Torque the tensioner's lower mounting bolt to
61 N´m (45 ft. lbs.). Remove the upper bolt used for
tensioner alignment.
(3) Install rear timing belt cover and fasteners.
(4) Install timing belt idler pulley and torque
mounting bolt to 61 N´m (45 ft. lbs.).(5) Install camshaft sprockets. Use Special Tool
6847 to hold sprockets, torque bolts to 101 N´m (75
ft. lbs.).
(6) Install the timing belt. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
VALVE TIMING/TIMING BELT/CHAIN AND
SPROCKETS - INSTALLATION)
BALANCE SHAFT
DESCRIPTION
The 2.4L engine is equipped with two nodular cast
iron balance shafts installed in a cast aluminum car-
rier attached to the lower cylinder block (Fig. 106).
OPERATION
The balance shafts are driven by the crankshaft
via a roller chain and sprockets. The balance shafts
are connected by helical gears. The dual counter
rotating shafts decrease second order vertical shak-
ing forces caused by component movement.
Fig. 104 Camshaft Sprocket - Removal/Installation
1 - SPECIAL TOOL 6847
Fig. 105 TIMING BELT REAR COVER FASTENERS
1 - OUTER COVER TO REAR COVER FASTENERS (3)
2 - REAR COVER TO CYLINDER HEAD FASTENERS
3 - OUTER COVER TO REAR COVER FASTENERS (3)
4 - INNER COVER TO BLOCK FASTENERS
KJENGINE9s-59

(5) Install balance shaft drive sprocket on crank-
shaft using Special Tool 6052 (Fig. 113).
(6) Turn crankshaft until number 1 cylinder is at
top dead center (TDC). The timing marks on the
chain sprocket should line up with the parting line
on the left side of number one main bearing cap.
(Fig. 114).
(7) Place chain over crankshaft sprocket so that
the plated link of the chain is over the number 1 cyl-
inder timing mark on the balance shaft crankshaft
sprocket (Fig. 114).(8) Place balance shaft sprocket into the timing
chain (Fig. 114) and align the timing mark on the
sprocket (dot) with the (lower) plated link on the
chain.
NOTE: The lower plated link is 8 links from the
upper link.
Fig. 110 Balance Shaft - Removal/Installation
1 - REAR COVER
2 - CARRIER
3 - BALANCE SHAFT
Fig. 111 Gear Timing
1 - KEY WAYS UP
2 - GEAR ALIGNMENT DOTS
Fig. 112 Balance Shaft Sprocket Alignment to
Crankshaft
1 - ALIGN FLATS
Fig. 113 Balance Shaft Drive
1 - SPROCKET
2 - SPECIAL TOOL 6052
9s - 62 ENGINEKJ
BALANCE SHAFT (Continued)

EXHAUST SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
EXHAUST SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION..........................1
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - EXHAUST
SYSTEM.............................2
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
DESCRIPTION - CATALYTIC CONVERTER.....2
REMOVAL.............................2
INSPECTION...........................3
INSTALLATION..........................3CROSS-OVER PIPE
REMOVAL.............................3
INSTALLATION..........................3
HEAT SHIELDS
DESCRIPTION..........................4
MUFFLER
DESCRIPTION..........................4
REMOVAL.............................5
INSTALLATION..........................5
EXHAUST SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
The basic exhaust system consists of an engine
exhaust manifold, exhaust down pipe, exhaust pipe,
exhaust heat shield(s), muffler and exhaust tailpipe
The exhaust system uses a single muffler.
The exhaust system must be properly aligned to
prevent stress, leakage and body contact. If the sys-
tem contacts any body panel, it will transfer objec-
tionable noises originating from the engine to the
body.
When inspecting an exhaust system, critically
inspect for cracked or loose joints, stripped screw or
bolt threads, corrosion damage and worn, cracked orbroken hangers. Replace all components that are
badly corroded or damaged. DO NOT attempt to
repair.
When replacement is required, use original equip-
ment parts (or equivalent). This will assure proper
alignment and provide acceptable exhaust noise lev-
els.
CAUTION: Avoid application of rust prevention com-
pounds or undercoating materials to exhaust sys-
tem floor pan exhaust heat shields. Light overspray
near the edges is permitted. Application of coating
will result in excessive floor pan temperatures and
objectionable fumes.
KJEXHAUST SYSTEM 11 - 1

NOTE: Do not remove nut from T-Bolt. Only remove
nut far enough, so that the T end can be removed
from the clamp.
(6) Remove the T bolt end of the fastener, from the
clamp.
(7) Spread the clamp, and remove the catalytic
converter from the vehicle.
(8) Discard the clamp (Fig. 1).
NOTE: The catalytic converter to exhaust manifold
clamp is not reusable. Always use a new clamp
when reinstalling the catalytic converter.
INSPECTION
Look at the stainless steel body of the converter,
inspect for bulging or other distortion that could be a
result of overheating. If the converter has a heat
shield attached make sure it is not bent or loose.
If you suspect internal damage to the catalyst, tap-
ping the bottom of the catalyst with a rubber mallet
may indicate a damaged core.
INSTALLATION
(1) Position the catalytic converter onto the
exhaust pipe flange connection. Tighten the nuts to
28 N´m (250 in. lbs.) torque.(2) Install the muffler onto the catalytic converter
until the alignment tab is inserted into the align-
ment slot.
(3) Install the exhaust clamp at the muffler and
catalytic converter connection. Tighten the clamp
nuts to 47 N´m (35 ft. lbs.) torque.
(4) Connect oxygen sensor wiring.
(5) Lower the vehicle.
(6) Start the engine and inspect for exhaust leaks
and exhaust system contact with the body panels.
Adjust the alignment, if needed.
CROSS-OVER PIPE
REMOVAL
WARNING: IF TORCHES ARE USED WHEN WORK-
ING ON THE EXHAUST SYSTEM, DO NOT ALLOW
THE FLAME NEAR THE FUEL LINES.
WARNING: THE NORMAL OPERATING TEMPERA-
TURE OF THE EXHAUST SYSTEM IS VERY HIGH.
THEREFORE, NEVER WORK AROUND OR ATTEMPT
TO SERVICE ANY PART OF THE EXHAUST SYSTEM
UNTIL IT IS COOLED. SPECIAL CARE SHOULD BE
TAKEN WHEN WORKING NEAR THE CATALYTIC
CONVERTER. THE TEMPERATURE OF THE CON-
VERTER RISES TO A HIGH LEVEL AFTER A SHORT
PERIOD OF ENGINE OPERATION TIME.
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Saturate the bolts and nuts with lubricant.
Allow 5 minutes for penetration.
(3) Remove the retaining fasteners holding cross-
over pipe to exhaust pipe.
(4) Remove the fasteners from the crossover pipe
to the catalytic converter connection.
(5) Remove the crossove pipe from the hanger
insulator (Fig. 2).
INSTALLATION
WARNING: IF TORCHES ARE USED WHEN WORK-
ING ON THE EXHAUST SYSTEM, DO NOT ALLOW
THE FLAME NEAR THE FUEL LINES.
Fig. 1 Catalyst Removal
1 - V-Clamp
2 - Catalytic Converter
3 - Flange
4 - Crossover Pipe
5 - T-Bolt
KJEXHAUST SYSTEM 11 - 3
CATALYTIC CONVERTER (Continued)