steering wheel LINCOLN NAVIGATOR 2022 Owner's Manual

HOW DOES FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
WORK
Using the 1-Speed Automatic Four-
Wheel Drive System
The 1-speed automatic four-wheel drive
system utilizes an electronically controlled
on-demand 1-speed transfer case. This
system monitors various vehicle sensory
inputs to provide an increased level of
performance. This system offers the driver
two-wheel drive high, four-wheel drive auto
and four-wheel drive high as available modes
of operation via the selectable drive mode
switch. When four-wheel drive auto is
selected, the system continuously varies
power to the front wheels for optimum
performance for all on-road conditions. When
four-wheel drive high is selected, the system
provides power to the front and rear wheels
for use in off-road or slippery conditions such
as deep snow, sand or mud. There is further
information on driving in unique driving
conditions. See Driving Hints (page 384).
Using the 2-Speed Automatic Four-
Wheel Drive System
(If Equipped)
The 2-speed automatic four-wheel drive
system utilizes an electronically controlled
on-demand 2-speed transfer case. This
system monitors various vehicle sensory
inputs to provide an increased level of
performance. This system offers the driver
two-wheel drive high, four-wheel drive auto,
four-wheel drive high, and four-wheel drive
low as available modes of operation. When
four-wheel drive auto is selected, the system
continuously varies power to the front wheels
for optimum performance for all on-road
conditions. When either four-wheel drive high
or four-wheel drive low are selected with the
appropriate drive modes , the four-wheel
drive system provides electronically locked
power to the front and rear wheels for use
in off-road or slippery conditions such as
deep snow, sand or mud. Selecting slow
climb also provides additional gearing for
increased torque multiplication for conditions
like deep sand, snow, steep slopes, or pulling heavy objects.
See Slow Climb (page 296).
Additionally, the system is capable of
recreational flat towing by putting the
transfer case into neutral (N).
See
Recreationally Towing Your Vehicle (page
397).
There is further information on driving in
unique driving conditions. See Driving Hints
(page
384).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
PRECAUTIONS WARNING:
Vehicles with a higher
center of gravity (utility and four-wheel
drive vehicles) handle differently than
vehicles with a lower center of gravity
(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,
excessive speed and abrupt steering in
these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously
increases the risk of losing control of your
vehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injury
and death.
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WARNING: Do not become
overconfident in the ability of four-wheel
drive vehicles. Although a four-wheel drive
vehicle may accelerate better than a
two-wheel drive vehicle in low traction
situations, it won't stop any faster than
two-wheel drive vehicles. Always drive at
a safe speed.
Truck and utility vehicles can differ from
some other vehicles. Your vehicle could be
higher to allow it to travel over rough terrain
without getting stuck or damaging
underbody components. The differences that
make your vehicle so versatile also make it
handle differently than an ordinary passenger
car. Always maintain steering wheel control,
especially in rough terrain. Since sudden
changes in terrain can result in abrupt
steering wheel motion, make sure you grip
the steering wheel from the outside. Do not
grip the spokes. Drive cautiously to avoid
vehicle damage from concealed objects such as rocks and stumps. Drive slower in strong
crosswinds which can affect the normal
steering characteristics of your vehicle. Be
extremely careful when driving on pavement
made slippery by loose sand, water, gravel,
snow or ice.
Note:
Do not use four-wheel drive high or
four-wheel drive low mode on dry, hard
surfaced roads. Doing so can produce
excessive noise, increase tire wear and can
damage drive components.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE LIMITATIONS
Operating Four-Wheel Drive with a
Spare or Mismatched Tires
(If Equipped)
On four-wheel drive vehicles, the size of the
spare tire can affect the four-wheel drive
system. If there is a significant difference
between the size of the spare tire and the
remaining tires, you could have limited
four-wheel drive functionality. When driving
with the full-size dissimilar spare wheel and
tire assembly, we recommend that you do
not: •
Exceed
50 mph (80 km/h) with a
four-wheel drive mode turned on.
• Use a four-wheel drive mode on dry
pavement.
Driving with the full-size dissimilar spare
wheel and tire assembly can limit four-wheel
drive functionality. You can experience the
following:
• Additional noise from the transfer case
or other drive components.
Use of a dissimilar spare wheel and tire
assembly can lead to impairment of the
following:
• Comfort and noise.
• Winter weather driving capability.
• Wet driving capability.
• Four-wheel drive capability.
Note: Your vehicle could have a front air
dam that can become damaged, due to
reduced ground clearance, when taking your
vehicle off-road. You can remove this air
dam by removing the eight bolts that secure
it.
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FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE AUTO
4A turns on when you select EXCITE,
NORMAL 4x4 AUTO or SLIPPERY.
Four-wheel drive auto provides electronically
controlled four-wheel drive power to both
the front and rear wheels, as required, for
increased traction in varying on-road
conditions. The four-wheel drive auto tuning
varies based on selected Drive Mode. See
Selecting a Drive Mode (page 294).
Note: Four-wheel drive auto can turn on or
off automatically based on Drive Mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE HIGH
4H turns on when you select DEEP
CONDITIONS. Four-wheel drive high
provides electronically locked four-wheel
drive power to both the front and rear wheels
for use in off-road or winter conditions such
as deep snow, sand or mud. This mode is
not for use on dry pavement. Note:
Four-wheel drive high can turn on or
off automatically based on Drive Mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE LOW
4L turns on when you select SLOW CLIMB.
Four-wheel drive low provides electronically
or mechanically locked four-wheel drive
power to both the front and rear wheels for
use on low traction surfaces, but does so
with additional gearing for increased torque
multiplication. This mode is only for off-road
conditions such as deep sand, steep slopes,
or pulling heavy objects.
Note: Four-wheel drive low can turn on or
off automatically based on drive mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE INDICATORS
Two-wheel Drive High Momentarily illuminates when
two-wheel drive high is selected.Four-wheel Drive Auto Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive auto is selected.
Four-wheel Drive High Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive high is selected.
Four-wheel Drive Low
(If Equipped) Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive low is selected.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE DRIVING HINTS
EMERGENCY MANEUVERS
In an unavoidable emergency situation
where a sudden sharp turn must be made,
remember to avoid over-driving your vehicle
(i.e. turn the steering wheel only as rapidly
and as far as required to avoid the
emergency). Excessive steering can result
in loss of vehicle control. Apply smooth
pressure to the accelerator pedal or brake
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pedal when changes in vehicle speed are
required. Avoid abrupt steering, acceleration
and braking. This could result in an increased
risk of vehicle roll over, loss of vehicle control
and personal injury. Use all available road
surface to bring your vehicle to a safe
direction of travel.
In the event of an emergency stop, avoid
skidding the tires and do not attempt any
sharp steering wheel movements.
If your vehicle goes from one type of surface
to another (i.e. from concrete to gravel) there
can be a change in the way your vehicle
responds to a maneuver, i.e. steering,
acceleration or braking.
DRIVING IN SAND
When driving over sand, try to keep all four
wheels on the most solid area of the trail.
Avoid reducing the tire pressures but shift
to a lower gear and drive steadily through
the terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly and
avoid excessive wheel slip.
When driving at slow speeds in deep sand
under high outside temperatures, use a low
gear when possible. Low gear operation can
maximize the engine and transmission
cooling capability.
Avoid driving at excessive speed. This
causes vehicle momentum to work against
you and your vehicle could become stuck to
the point that assistance may be required
from another vehicle. Remember, you may
be able to back out the way you came if you
proceed with caution.
DRIVING THROUGH MUD AND WATER
WARNING: Do not spin the wheels
at over 34 mph (55 km/h). The tires may
fail and injure a passenger or bystander. Mud
Be cautious of sudden changes in vehicle
speed or direction when you are driving in
mud. Even four-wheel drive vehicles can lose
traction in slick mud. If your vehicle does
slide, steer in the direction of the slide until
you regain control of your vehicle. After
driving through mud, clean off residue stuck
to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excess mud
stuck on tires and rotating driveshafts can
cause an imbalance that could damage drive
components.
Water
If you must drive through high water, drive
slowly. Traction or brake capability may be
limited. When driving through water,
determine the depth and avoid water higher
than the bottom of the hubs. If the ignition
system gets wet, your vehicle may stall. Once
through water, test the brakes. Wet brakes
do not stop your vehicle as effectively as dry
brakes. Drying improves by applying light
pressure to the brake pedal while moving
slowly.
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Note:
Driving through deep water may
damage the transmission. If the front or rear
axle is submerged in water, the axle
lubricant and power transfer unit lubricant
should be checked and changed if
necessary.
DRIVING ON HILLY OR SLOPING
TERRAIN
Although natural obstacles may make it
necessary to travel diagonally up or down a
hill or steep incline, you should try to drive
straight up or straight down.
Note: Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills.
A danger lies in losing traction, slipping
sideways and possible vehicle roll over.
Whenever driving on a hill, determine
beforehand the route you can use. Do not
drive over the crest of a hill without seeing
what conditions are on the other side. Do
not drive in reverse over a hill without the
aid of an observer. When climbing a steep slope or hill, start in
a lower gear rather than downshifting to a
lower gear from a higher gear once the
ascent has started. This reduces strain on
the engine and the possibility of stalling.
If your vehicle stalls, do not try to turnaround
because this could cause vehicle roll over.
It is better to reverse back to a safe location.
Apply just enough power to the wheels to
climb the hill. Too much power can cause
the tires to slip, spin or lose traction, resulting
in loss of vehicle control.
Descend a hill in the same gear you would
use to climb up the hill to avoid excessive
brake application and brake overheating. Do
not descend in neutral. Disengage overdrive
or move the transmission selector lever to a
lower gear. When descending a steep hill,
avoid sudden hard braking as you could lose
control. The front wheels have to be turning
in order to steer your vehicle.
Note:
If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes,
apply the brakes steadily. Do not pump the
brakes. DRIVING ON SNOW AND ICE
Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantages
over two-wheel drive vehicles in snow and
ice but can skid like any other vehicle.
Should you start to slide while driving on
snowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheel
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control.
Avoid sudden applications of power and
quick changes of direction on snow and ice.
Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily
when starting from a full stop. Avoid sudden
braking. Although a four-wheel drive vehicle
can accelerate better than a two-wheel drive
vehicle in snow and ice, it cannot stop any
faster as braking occurs at all four wheels.
Do not become overconfident as to road
conditions.
Make sure you allow sufficient distance
between you and other vehicles for stopping.
Drive slower than usual and consider using
one of the lower gears. In emergency
stopping situations, apply the brake steadily.
Do not pump the brake pedal. See Anti-Lock
Braking System Limitations (page 233).
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WHAT IS TRACTION CONTROL
The traction control system helps to avoid
drive wheel spin and loss of traction.
HOW DOES TRACTION CONTROL
WORK
If your wheels begin to spin, the loss of
traction can compromise steering control
and stability of the vehicle. The traction
control system applies the brakes to
individual wheels and when needed, reduces
engine power at the same time to increase
traction.
SWITCHING TRACTION CONTROL
ON AND OFF WARNING: Operating your vehicle
with the traction control disabled could
lead to an increased risk of loss of vehicle
control, vehicle rollover, personal injury
and death. The traction control system turns on each
time you switch the ignition on.
The button for the stability and traction
control system is on the instrument panel.
Press and release the button to switch
traction control off. The stability control
system remains fully active, to switch it off,
press and hold the button for a few seconds,
then release.
When you switch traction control off, a
message and an illuminated icon appear on
the instrument cluster.Press the switch again to turn the traction
control system back on to normal operation.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,
switching traction control off may be
beneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.
Your vehicle may have MyKey restrictions
regarding this feature.
See What Is MyKey
(page 82).
TRACTION CONTROL INDICATOR
Stability and Traction Control Indicator If the indicator does not illuminate
when you switch the ignition on,
or remains on when the engine is
running, this indicates a malfunction. Have
your vehicle checked by an authorized
dealer as soon as possible. The traction control off indicator
illuminates when you switch the
traction control system off, or when
an alternative stability control mode is
selected that requires the traction control off
depending on the drive mode selected.
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HOW DOES STABILITY CONTROL
WORK
WARNING: Vehicle modifications
involving braking system, aftermarket roof
racks, suspension, steering system, tire
construction and wheel and tire size may
change the handling characteristics of your
vehicle and may adversely affect the
performance of the electronic stability
control system. In addition, installing any
stereo speakers may interfere with and
adversely affect the electronic stability
control system. Reducing the effectiveness
of the electronic stability control system
could lead to an increased risk of loss of
vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal
injury and death. WARNING:
Remember that even
advanced technology cannot defy the laws
of physics. It's always possible to lose
control of a vehicle due to inappropriate
driver input for the conditions. Aggressive
driving on any road condition can cause
you to lose control of your vehicle increasing the risk of personal injury or
property damage. Activation of the
electronic stability control system is an
indication that at least some of the tires
have exceeded their ability to grip the
road; this could reduce the operator's
ability to control the vehicle potentially
resulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehicle
rollover, personal injury and death.
WARNING:
You are responsible for
controlling your vehicle at all times. The
system is designed to be an aid and does
not relieve you of your responsibility to
drive with due care and attention. Failure
to follow this instruction could result in the
loss of control of your vehicle, personal
injury or death.
If a driving condition activates either the
stability control or traction control you may
experience the following conditions:
• The stability and traction control light
flashes.
• Your vehicle slows down.
• Reduced engine power. The stability control system has several
features built into it to help you maintain
control of your vehicle:
Electronic Stability Control
Electronic stability control enhances your
vehicle
’s ability to prevent skids or lateral
slides by applying brakes to one or more of
the wheels individually and, if necessary,
reducing engine power.
Roll Stability Control
Roll stability control enhances your vehicle ’s
ability to prevent rollovers by detecting your
vehicle ’s roll motion and the rate at which it
changes by applying the brakes to one or
more wheels individually.
Curve Control
Curve control enhances your vehicle ’s ability
to follow the road when cornering severely
or avoiding objects in the roadway. Curve
control operates by reducing engine power
and, if necessary, applying brakes to one or
more of the wheels individually.
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WHAT IS HILL DESCENT CONTROL
Hill descent control allows the driver to set
and maintain vehicle speed while
descending steep slopes in various surface
conditions.
HOW DOES HILL DESCENT
CONTROL WORK
Hill descent control can maintain vehicle
speeds on downhill slopes between
2–20 mph (3–32 km/h). Above 20 mph
(32 km/h), the system remains on but the
descent speed cannot be set or maintained.
Note: The system does not function below
2 mph (3 km/h)
.
The system requires a cool down interval
after a period of sustained use. Hill descent
control provides a warning in the message
center and a tone sounds when the system
is about to disengage for cooling. At this
time, manually apply the brakes as needed
to maintain descent speed. Note:
The amount of time that the system
can remain active before cooling varies with
conditions.
HILL DESCENT CONTROL
PRECAUTIONS WARNING:
The system does not
control speed in low traction conditions or
extremely steep slopes. The system is
designed to be an aid and does not relieve
you of your responsibility to drive with due
care and attention. Failure to follow this
instruction could result in personal injury. WARNING:
Hill descent control
cannot control descent in all surface
conditions and circumstances, such as ice
or extremely steep grades. Hill descent
control is a driver assist system and cannot
substitute for good judgment by the driver.
Failure to do so may result in loss of
vehicle control, crash or serious injury. WARNING:
The system does not
replace the parking brake. When you leave
your vehicle, always apply the parking
brake and shift the transmission into park
(P) for automatic transmission or first gear
for manual transmission.
SWITCHING HILL DESCENT
CONTROL ON AND OFF Press the button on the instrument
panel. A light illuminates and a
tone sounds when the system is
active.
SETTING THE HILL DESCENT
SPEED
To increase or decrease the descent speed,
press the accelerator or brake pedal, or use
the SET + and SET - buttons on the steering
wheel. Once you reach the preferred speed
remove your feet from the pedals.
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ELECTRIC POWER STEERING
ELECTRIC POWER STEERING
PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: The electric power
steering system has diagnostic checks that
continuously monitor the system. If a fault
is detected, a message displays in the
information display. Stop your vehicle as
soon as it is safe to do so. Switch the
vehicle off. After at least 10 seconds, switch
the vehicle on and watch the information
display for a steering system warning
message. If a steering system warning
message returns, have the system checked
as soon as possible. WARNING:
If the system detects an
error, you may not feel a difference in the
steering, however a serious condition may
exist. Have your vehicle checked as soon
as possible. Failure to do so may result in
loss of steering control. Adapt your speed and driving behavior
according to reduced steering assist.
Extreme continuous steering may increase
the effort to steer. This occurs to prevent
internal overheating and damage to the
steering system. If this occurs, you will not
lose the ability to steer your vehicle manually
nor will it cause damage to the system.
Normal steering and driving allows the
system to cool down and steering assist
returns to normal.
Note:
There is no fluid reservoir to check or
fill.
ELECTRIC POWER STEERING
ADAPTIVE STEERING
(If Equipped)
The adaptive steering system changes the
steering ratio with changes to vehicle speed,
optimizing the steering response in all
conditions. The system also changes when
you switch on the transmission tow/haul
feature. When you select the tow/haul button,
the adaptive steering system reduces vehicle
sensitivity to steering inputs at higher vehicle
speeds, while maintaining the ease of
parking and maneuverability at low speeds. Note:
The adaptive steering system
continuously monitors for faults. If the system
detects a fault, a message appears in the
information display. If a red warning
message displays, stop your vehicle as soon
as it is safe to do so. The message could
clear if the fault is no longer present. If an
adaptive steering system warning message
appears each time you start your vehicle,
have the system checked as soon as
possible.
Note: The system has a locking device. It
remains mechanically locked at a fixed
steering ratio with the lock engaged. You
may notice a click when you turn your
vehicle on or off.
Note: If your vehicle loses electrical power
or detects a fault when you are driving, the
system shuts down and you retain a normal
steering function with a fixed steering ratio.
During this time, it is possible that the
steering wheel could not be straight when
the vehicle is driving straight ahead. In
addition, you could notice that the steering
wheel angle required to steer your vehicle
could be different.
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Note:
During parking maneuvers, the
adaptive steering system balances the driver
workload for various steering wheel inputs
and vehicle loading conditions. Under
extreme operating conditions the system
locking device could engage. This strategy
prevents overheating and permanent
damage to the adaptive steering system.
Typical steering and driving maneuvers
allow the system to cool and return to normal
operation. Adaptive Learning
Adaptive learning helps correct road
irregularities and improves overall handling
and steering. It communicates with the brake
system to help operate advanced stability
control and crash avoidance systems.
Additionally, whenever you disconnect the
battery or install a new battery, you must
drive your vehicle a short distance before
the system relearns the strategy and
reactivates all systems.STEERING – TROUBLESHOOTING
STEERING – WARNING INDICATORS The adaptive steering system
indicator illuminates if the system
detects a fault during the
continuous diagnostic checks.
Note: If a red warning message displays,
stop your vehicle as soon as it is safe to do
so.
STEERING – INFORMATION MESSAGES Action
Message
The power steering system has detected a condition that requiresservice. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Fault Service Now
The power steering system is not working. Stop your vehicle in a safeplace. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Loss Stop Safely
The power steering system has detected a condition that requiresservice. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Assist Fault Service Required
The steering system has detected a condition that requires service. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Lock Malfunction Service Now
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