tire pressure MAZDA 626 1987 User Guide

ON-VEHICLE MAINTENANCE 1 0
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Power Steering
1.
86U10X-014
86U10X-015
With the vehicle on a hard level surface, move the
steering wheel to put the wheels in the straight
ahead position.
Start the engine and warm the power steering flu-
id to 50—60°C (122—140°F), pull scale.
Attach a pull scale to the outer circumference of
the steering wheel. Then, starting with the wheels
in the straight-ahead position, check the steering
effort required to turn the steering wheel to the left
and to the right.
If the measured value exceeds specification, check
the following: fluid level, air in system, fluid leak-
age at hose or connections, function of oil pump
and gear box, and tire pressure.
Steering wheel effort:
ESPS Type
25—31N (2.6—3.2 kg, 6—7 lb)
ECPS Type
15—23 N (1.7—2.3 kg, 3—5 lb)
4WS Type
25—35N (2.5—3.5 kg, 6—8 lb)
[during one turn of the steering wheel]
Note (4WS)
1)lf not within specification, separate the
transfer shaft from the front steering gear
and check again.
2) If still not within specification, there is a
malfunction of the front steering gear.
3) If the measured value is now within specifi-
cation, check the transfer shaft and rear
steering gear. (Refer to Page 10—45.)
86U10X-016
POWER STEERING FLUID LEVEL
Check the power steering fluid level, and add fluid
to the specified level if necessary.
Caution
Use only the specified power steering fluid.
86U10X-017
10—11

4-WHEEL STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE 1 0
(3) Raise the vehicle on a lift or safety stands.
(4) Set a dial indicator against one rear tire. Set
the pointer to 0.
86U10X-305
(5) With the marks on the steering wheel and
column cover aligned, start the engine and turn
the steering wheel slowly to the right. Using the
scale on the column cover, note the rotation
of the steering wheel at the point where the rear
wheels begin to turn (dial indicator begins to
move).
86U10X-306
(6) Turn the steering wheel left and right a few
times to equalize the hydraulic pressure. Re-
align the marks between the steering wheel
and column cover.
86U10X-307
(7) Reset the dial indicator to 0 and turn the steer-
ing wheel slowly to the left. Using the scale on
column cover, again note the rotation of the
steering wheel at the point where the rear
wheels begin to turn (dial indicator begins to
move).
86U10X-308
10-33

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE 1 1
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
The table below covers the normal braking system. Refer to page 11—73 for ABS system.
Problem Possible cause Remedy Page
Poor braking Leakage of brake fluid Air in system Worn pad or lining
Brake fluid, grease, oil, or water on pad or lining Hardening of pad or lining surface or poor contact Malfunction of disc brake piston Malfunction of master cylinder or wheel cylinder Malfunction of power brake unit
Malfunction of check valve (vacuum hose)
Damaged vacuum hose Deterioration of flexible hose Malfunction of dual proportioning valve
Repair Air bleed Replace
Clean or replace Grind or replace Replace Repair or replace Repair or replace Repair or replace Replace Replace Replace
11-9 11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56 11—43,50 11-14,57 11-29 11-29 11-29
11-39
Brakes pull to one
side
Worn pad or lining
Brake fluid, grease, oil, or water on pad or lining Hardening of pad or lining surface or poor contact Abnormal wear or distortion of disc, drum, pad, or lining Malfunction of automatic adjuster Looseness of backing plate mounting bolts Malfunction of wheel cylinder
Improper adjustment of wheel bearing preload, or wear Improper adjustment of wheel alignment Unequal tire air pressures
Replace Clean or replace Grind or replace Repair or replace Repair or replace Tighten
Repair or replace Refer to Section 9 Refer to Section 10 Refer to Section 12
11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56 11-56 11-61 11-57
Brakes do not
release
No brake pedal play
Improper adjustment of push rod clearance
Clogged master cylinder return port Shoe does not return properly Wheel cylinder does not return properly Improper return due to malfunction of piston seal of disc brake Excessive runout of disc plate Improper return of parking brake cable or improper ad-justment
Improper adjustment of wheel bearing preload
Adjust
Adjust
Clean
Adjust Clean or replace Replace
Replace Repair or adjust
Refer to Section 9
11-11
11—23,24
11-57 11—43,50
11-65
Pedal goes too far (too much pedal stroke)
Air in system due to insufficient brake fluid
Improper adjustment of pedal play Worn pad or lining Air in system
Add fluid and bleed air
Adjust Replace Air bleed
11—9
11—11 11-40,47,56 11-9
Abnormal noise or
vibration during
braking
Worn pad or lining Deterioration of pad or lining Brakes do not release
Foreign material or scratches on disc plate or drum con-tact surface
Looseness of backing plate or caliper mounting bolts Damage or deviation of disc or drum contact surface Poor contact of pad or lining Insufficient grease on sliding parts
Replace
Grind or replace
Repair
Clean
Tighten Replace Repair or replace Apply grease
11-40,47,56 11-40,47,56
11-61 11-56 11-40,47,56
Parking brake
does not hold well
Excessive lever stroke
Brake cable stuck or damaged
Brake fluid or oil on pad or lining Hardening of pad or lining surface or poor contact
Adjust
Repair or replace Clean or replace Grind or replace
11-65
11-68
11-40,47,56
11-40,47,56
76G11X-003
11—5

ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) 1 1
TROUBLESHOOTING
Precaution
Conditions that are not malfunctions
1. It may happen that vibration is felt in the steering wheel, body, and/or brake pedal when the ABS
is functioning; such vibration is simply an indication that the system is functioning.
2. Sound of the pump motor operating, accumulator pressure being released, or the relay operating
may be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is started as the system is being auto-
matically checked.
3. The ABS pump motor may be automatically activated even though the ABS is not operating.
4. The ABS warning light may illuminate under any of the following conditions:
• When the vehicle is traveling on snow or ice with the parking brake activated or a brake dragging
at one wheel.
• When different-sized tires are used.
• When tires of different gripping performance are used.
• When (while the vehicle is jacked up or stuck) only the front wheels are spun for 20 seconds or more.
• When there is insufficient battery voltage.
Note
Under the above conditions, the warning light will not illuminate a second time when the
ignition is switched OFF then back ON, and there will be no memory entry to the control
unit of a problem.
Troubleshooting notes
The ABS is composed of electrical components, mechanical components (hydraulic unit), and the com-
ponents of the standard brake system.
Fundamentally, malfunction of the ABS electrical or mechanical components is judged by the self-
diagnosis function within the ABS control unit. And malfunctions are indicated by the warning light
in the instrument panel.
The location
of
a malfunction is indicated by the technician switching the system to the diagnosis-indication
mode.
The self-diagnosis and indication functions must be used when malfunctions of the ABS are being
diagnosed.
76G11X-091
11—73

1 2 OUTLINE, TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
OUTLINE
SPECIFICATIONS
Type
Item Standard Temporary spare (if equipped)

Wheel
Size
5-J
x 13

4-T
x 15

Wheel
Size 5 1/2-JJ
x 14
4-T
x 15

Wheel
Size
6-JJ
x 15

4-T
x 15

Wheel
Off set mm (in) 42 (1.65) 53 (2.09)
Wheel Diameter
of
pitch circle
mm
(in) 114.3 (4.5) Wheel
Material Steel
or
aluminum alloy Steel
Wheel
Number
of
fixing nuts
13 inch-wheel 4
4
or 5

Wheel
Number
of
fixing nuts 14 inch-wheel 5 4
or 5

Wheel
Number
of
fixing nuts 15 inch-wheel 5 4
or 5

Tire
Size
13 inch-wheel
6.45—13—6PR
165 SR13 165/80R13 82S 185/70HR13 185/70R13 85H
T125/70D15
Tire
Size 14 inch-wheel
185/70HR14 185/70R14 87H 185/70R14 88H 185/70VR14
T125/70D15
Tire
Size
15 inch-wheel 195/60R15 86H
195/60VR15
T125/70D15
Tire
Air pressure
kPa (kg/cm2,
psi)
Front 216 (2.2, 31) or 196 (2.0, 28) "See tire labels for application 412(4.2, 60)
Tire
Air pressure
kPa (kg/cm2,
psi) Rear 177 (1.8, 26)
412(4.2, 60)

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE 76G12X-001
Problem Possible Cause Remedy Page
Premature tire wear

Incorrect tire pressure Adjust 12-
2
Tire squeal
Incorrect tire pressure Tire deterioration
Adjust ReDlace
12-
2
Road noise or body vibration
Insufficient tire pressure Unbalanced wheel(s) Deformed wheel(s)
or
tire(s) Irregular tire wear
Adjust Adjust Repair
or
replace Reolace
-1

12-
2
12-
5
Steering wheel vibration
Irregular tire wear Right and left tread depths different Deformed
or
unbalanced wheel(s) Deformed tire(s) Unequal tire pressures Loose lug nuts
Replace Replace
Replace
or
adjust Replace Adjust Tiahten
12-
5

12—
2
12-
5
Uneven (one-sided) braking
Unequal tire pressures Adjust 12-
2
Steering wheel doesn't return properly, or pulls to either left or right while vehicle moving on level road surface

Incorrect tire pressure Irregular tire wear (left and right are different) Unequal tire pressures Different types
or
brands
of
tires mixed (right/left) Improperly tightened lug nuts
Adjust Replace Adjust Replace Tighten
12-
2

12—
2

12-
5
General driving in-stability

Unequal tire pressures Deformed
or
unbalanced wheel(s) Loose lug nuts
Adjust Replace
or
adjust Tiahten
12-
2
12-
5
12-
5
Excessive steering wheel play
Loose lug nuts Tighten 12-
5
76G12X-002
12-2

WHEELS AND TIRES 1 2
86U12X-004
\k
y
i jYj

/ <4/

/ v Wear platform
Wear indicators
86U12X-005
(a) (b)
Shoulder wear Center wear
(c)
Feathered edge
(d)
*f tftiit t
Toe-in or toe-out wear Uneven wear
WHEELS AND TIRES
INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENTS
Check the following, and adjust or replace as
necessary.
1. Air pressure
Check the air pressure of all tires, including the
spare tire, with an air pressure gauge.
(Refer to page 12—2.)
Caution
The air pressure must be measured when the
tire is cold.
2. Tire wear
Specifications
Remaining tread
Ordinary tires: 1.6 mm (0.063 in) min.
(Tire should be replaced if wear indicators are
exposed.)
Snow tires: 50% of tread
(Tire should be replaced if wear indicators are
exposed.)
Troubleshooting guide
Abnormal tire wear patterns shown in the illustra-
tion can occur. Refer to the chart for the probable
causes and remedies.
Probable cause Remedy
(a) • Underinflation (both sides worn) • Incorrect camber (one side worn) • Hard cornering • Lack of rotation
• Measure and adjust pressure • Repair or replace axle and suspension parts • Reduce speed • Rotate tires
(b) • Overinflation
• Lack of rotation
• Measure and adjust pressure • Rotate tires
(c) • Incorrect toe-in • Adjust toe-in
(d) • Incorrect camber or caster • Malfunctioning suspension • Unbalanced wheel • Out-of-round brake drum or disc • Other mechanical con-ditions • Lack of rotation
• Repair or replace axle and suspension parts • Repair or replace • Balance or replace • Correct or replace
• Correct or replace
• Rotate tires
76G12X-003
12-3

12 WHEELS AND TIRES
86U12X-007
86U12X-008
3. Wheel deflection
Set the probe of a dial indicator against the wheel,
and turn the wheel one full revolution.
Wheel deflection limit mm (in)

Horizontal Vertical
Steel wheel 2.5 (0.098) 2.0 (0.079) Aluminum wheel 2.0 (0.079) 2.0 (0.079)

4. Cracks, damage, or foreign matter (such as metal
pieces, nails, and stones) in the tire and cracks,
deformation, and damage to the wheel
5. Loose wheel lug nut(s)
6. Air leaking from the valve stem
TIRE ROTATION
To prolong tire life and assure uniform wear, rotate
the tires every 6,000 km (3,750 miles) or sooner if ir-
regular wear develops.
Caution
a) Do not include "TEMPORARY USE ONLY"
spare tire in rotation.
b) After rotating the tires, adjust each tire to
the specified air pressure. (Refer to page
12—2.)
Note
The optional unidirectional wheels are marked
to indicate direction of travel.
Unidirectional wheel
Left side Right side
Front Front
76G12X-004
12—4

1 2 WHEELS AND TIRES
Regarding tire replacement:
Note the following points when tires are to be removed from or mounted onto the wheels.
1. Be careful not to scratch the tire bead, the rim bead, or the edge of the rim.
2. Apply a soapy solution to the tire bead and the edge of the rim.
3. Use a wire brush, sandpaper, or cloth to clean and remove all rust, dirt, etc., from the rim edge
and the rim bead. For aluminum wheels, use only a cloth for this purpose; never use a wire brush
or sandpaper.
4. Remove any pebbles, glass, nails, etc., embedded in the tire tread.
5. Be sure the air valve is installed correctly.
6. After mounting a tire onto a wheel, inflate the tire to 250—300 kPa (2.55—3.06 kg/cm2,35.55—42.66
psi). Check to be sure that the bead is seated correctly onto the rim and that there are no air leaks.
Then reduce the pressure to the specified level.
7. If a tire iron is used to change a tire on an aluminum wheei, be sure to use a piece of rubber be-
tween the iron lever and the wheel in order to avoid damage to the wheel. Work should be done
on a rubber mat, not on a hard or rough surface. 76G12X-006
12—6

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE 1 3
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Problem Possible Cause Remedy Page
Body "rolls" Weak stabilizer Replace 13-23, 27 Worn or deteriorated stabilizer or suspension arm Replace 13—39, 41 bushing
Shock absorber malfunction Replace 13-13, 29
Poor riding comfort Weak coil spring Replace 13-15, 32 Shock absorber malfunction Replace 13-13. 29
Body tilt Worn coil spring Replace 13-15, 32 Worn stabilizer of suspension bushing Replace 13-23, 27,
39, 41
Abnormal noise from Poor lubrication or wear of lower arm ball joint Replace 13-18, 36 suspension system looseness of peripheral connections Tighten
Shock absorber malfunction Replace 13-13, 29 Worn or deteriorated stabilizer or suspension arm Replace 13—23, 27, bushing 39, 41 Worn or damaged front strut bearing Replace 13-15
"Heavy" steering Lower arm ball joint stuck Replace 13—18, 36
wheel operation Ball joints stuck or damaged Replace 13-18, 36
Ball joints insufficiently lubricated; foreign material; ab-Lubricate or replace 13-18, 36
normal wear Improperly adjusted wheel alignment (toe-in) Adjust 13-50, 52
Worn or damaged steering gear bushing Refer to section 10 —
Improperly adjusted pinion pre-load Refer to section 10 —
Damaged steering gear Refer to section 10 —
Insufficient grease on steering gear Refer to section 10 —
Malfunction of steering shaft universal joint Refer to section 10 —
Low tire pressure Refer to section 12 —
Abnormal tire wear Refer to section 12 —
Steering wheel pulls Weak coil spring Replace 13-15, 32
to one side Lower arm or stabilizer bushing worn or damaged Replace 13-20, 38
Damaged knuckle arm Refer to section 9 —
Lower arm damaged or loose Replace or tighten 13-18 Improperly adjusted wheel alignment (toe-in) Adjust 13-50, 52
Damaged steering linkage Refer to section 10 —
Damaged wheel bearing Refer to section 9 —
Uneven tire pressure Refer to section 12 —
Abnormal tire wear Refer to section 12 —
Brakes dragging Refer to section 11 —
Steering wheel Suspension arm or stabilizer bushing worn or deteri-Replace 13—23, 27.
vibrates orated 39, 41
Worn lower arm ball joint Replace 13-18, 36
Shock absorber malfunction or looseness Replace or tighten 13-13, 29
Improperly adjusted wheel alignment (toe-in) Adjust 13-50, 52 Damaged linkage Refer to section 10
Improperly adjusted pinion preload Refer to section 10
Worn steering gear bushing Refer to section 10 —
Loose steering shaft universal joint Refer to section 10 —
Damaged wheel bearing Refer to section 9 —
Abnormal tire wear Refer to section 12 —
Abnormal tire wear Refer to section 12 —
Damaged or unbalanced wheel Refer to section 12 —
76G13X-009
13—11

1 3 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
Problem Possible Cause Remedy Page
Excessive steering wheel play
Worn or damaged lower arm bushing
Improperly adjusted pinion preload
Worn rack and pinion
Loose steering shaft universal joint
Replace
Refer to section 10
Refer to section 10
Refer to section 10
13-20, 38
General instability Weak coil springs
Shock absorber malfunction Worn or damaged lower arm or stabilizer bushing
Improperly adjusted wheel alignment Improperly adjusted pinion preload
Loose steering shaft universal joint Incorrect tire pressure Damaged or unbalanced wheel Malfunction of wheel bearing
Replace Replace Replace Adjust
Refer to section 10 Refer to section 10 Refer to section 12 Refer to section 12 Refer to section 9
13-15, 32
13-13, 29
13-20, 38
13-50, 52
76G13X-009
13-12