MERCEDES-BENZ GLA SUV 2017 Owners Manual

Vehicle preparation is not necessary on vehi-
cles with MOExtended tyres.
R a TIREFIT kit (Y page 317)
R an emergency spare wheel (certain countries
only) (Y page 348)
Vehicles with MOExtended tyres are not equip-
ped with a TIREFIT kit at the factory. It is there-
fore recommended that you additionally equip
your vehicle with a TIREFIT kit if you fit tyres that do not feature run-flat characteristics, e.g. win-
ter tyres. A TIREFIT kit can be obtained from a
qualified specialist workshop.
Information on changing and fitting a wheel
(Y page 342).
X Stop the vehicle as far away as possible from
traffic on solid, non-slippery and level ground.
X Switch on the hazard warning lamps.
X Secure the vehicle against rolling away
(Y page 166).
X If possible, bring the front wheels into the
straight-ahead position.
X Switch off the engine.
X Vehicles without KEYLESS-GO: remove the
key from the ignition lock.
X Vehicles with KEYLESS-GO start-function
or KEYLESS-GO: open the driver's door.
The vehicle electronics are now in position
g. This is the same as “key removed”.
X Vehicles with KEYLESS-GO start function
or KEYLESS-GO: remove the Start/Stop but-
ton from the ignition lock (Y page 144).
X Make sure that the passengers are not endan-
gered as they get out of the vehicle. Make
sure that no one is near the danger area while
a wheel is being changed. Anyone who is not directly assisting in the wheel change should, for example, stand behind the barrier.
X Get out of the vehicle. Pay attention to traffic
conditions when doing so.
X Close the driver's door.
X Place the warning triangle a suitable distance
away (Y page 316). Observe legal require-
ments. MOExtended tyres (tyres with run-flat
characteristics)
General notes With MOExtended tyres (tyres with run-flat char-
acteristics), you can continue to drive your vehi- cle even if there is a total loss of pressure in one
or more tyres. The affected tyre must not show
any clearly visible damage.
You can recognise MOExtended tyres by the
"MOExtended" mark that appears on the tyre
sidewall. You will find this mark next to the tyre
size designation, the load-bearing capacity and
the speed index.
MOExtended tyres may be used only in conjunc- tion with an activated tyre pressure loss warning
system or tyre pressure monitor.
If a pressure loss warning message appears in the multifunction display:
R observe the instructions in the display mes-
sages (Y page 256)
R check the tyre for damage
R if driving on, observe the following notes
The driving distance possible in run-flat mode is approximately 80 km when the vehicle is parti-
ally laden and approximately 30 km when the
vehicle is fully laden.
In addition to the vehicle load, the driving dis-
tance possible in run-flat mode depends on the:
R vehicle speed
R road condition
R outside temperature
The driving distance possible in run-flat mode
may be reduced by extreme driving conditions/ manoeuvres, or it can be increased through a
moderate style of driving.
The driving distance possible in run-flat mode iscounted from the moment the tyre pressure loss
warning appears on the multifunction display.
You must not exceed a maximum speed of
80 km/h.
When replacing one or all tyres, observe the fol-
lowing specifications for your vehicle's tyres:
R size
R type and
R the "MOExtended" marking
If a tyre has gone flat and cannot be replaced
with an MOExtended tyre, a standard tyre may
be used as a temporary measure. Make sure 318
Flat tyreBreakdown assistance

that you use the proper size and type (summer
or winter tyre).
Vehicles with MOExtended tyres are not equip-
ped with a TIREFIT kit at the factory. It is there-
fore recommended that you additionally equip
your vehicle with a TIREFIT kit if you fit tyres that do not feature run-flat characteristics, e.g. win-
ter tyres. A TIREFIT kit can be obtained from a
qualified specialist workshop.
Important safety notes G
WARNING
When driving in emergency mode, the driving characteristics deteriorate, e.g. when corner-
ing, accelerating quickly and when braking.
There is a risk of accident.
Do not exceed the stated maximum speed.
Avoid abrupt steering and driving manoeu-
vres, and driving over obstacles (kerbs, pot-
holes, off-road). This applies in particular to a laden vehicle.
Stop driving in emergency mode if:
R you hear banging noises.
R the vehicle starts to shake.
R you see smoke and smell rubber.
R ESP ®
is intervening constantly.
R there are tears in the sidewalls of the tyre.
After driving in emergency mode, have the
wheel rims checked at a qualified specialist
workshop with regard to their further use. The
faulty tyre must be replaced. TIREFIT kit
Important safety notes TIREFIT is a tyre sealant.
You can use TIREFIT to seal punctures of up to
4 mm, particularly those in the tyre tread. You
can use TIREFIT at outside temperatures down
to
Ò20 †. G
WARNING
In the following situations, the tyre sealant is
unable to provide sufficient breakdown assis- tance, as it is unable to seal the tyre properly:
R there are cuts or punctures in the tyre
larger than those mentioned above.
R the wheel rim is damaged.
R you have driven at very low tyre pressures
or on a flat tyre.
There is a risk of an accident.
Do not drive any further. Contact a qualified
specialist workshop. G
WARNING
The tyre sealant is harmful and causes irrita-
tion. It must not come into contact with your
skin, eyes or clothing or be swallowed. Do not inhale TIREFIT fumes. Keep tyre sealant away
from children. There is a risk of injury.
If you come into contact with the tyre sealant,
observe the following:
R Rinse off the tyre sealant from your skin
immediately with water.
R If the tyre sealant comes into contact with
your eyes, immediately rinse them thor-
oughly with clean water.
R If tyre sealant is swallowed, immediately
rinse your mouth out thoroughly and drink
plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting,
and seek medical attention immediately.
R Immediately change out of clothing which
has come into contact with tyre sealant.
R If an allergic reaction occurs, seek medical
attention immediately.
! After use, excess tyre sealant may run out of
the filler hose. This could cause stains.
Therefore, place the filler hose in the plastic
bag which contained the TIREFIT kit. H
Environmental note
Have the used tyre sealant bottle disposed of
professionally, e.g. at a qualified specialist
workshop. Flat tyre
319Breakdown assistance Z

!
The air pump can be operated again once it
has cooled down.
Comply with the manufacturer's safety notes on
the sticker on the tyre inflation compressor.
Using the TIREFIT kit X
Do not remove any foreign objects that have
penetrated the tyre, e.g. screws or nails.
X Remove the tyre sealant bottle, the accom-
panying TIREFIT sticker and the tyre inflation
compressor from the stowage space under-
neath the luggage compartment floor
(Y page 317).
X Affix part :of the TIREFIT sticker to the
instrument cluster within the driver's field of
vision.
X Affix part ;of the TIREFIT sticker near the
valve on the wheel with the defective tyre. X
Pull plug ?with the cable and hose Aout of
the tyre inflation compressor housing.
X Screw hose Aonto flange Bof tyre sealant
bottle :.
X Place tyre sealant bottle :head downwards
into recess ;of the tyre inflation compres-
sor. X
Remove cap from valve Con the faulty tyre.
X Screw filler hose Donto valve C.
X Insert connector ?into a 12 V socket in your
vehicle.
Observe the notes on sockets (Y page 299).
X Turn the key to position 1in the ignition lock
(Y page 144).
X Press on and off switch =on the tyre inflation
compressor to I.
The tyre inflation compressor is switched on.
The tyre is inflated.
First, tyre sealant is pumped into the tyre. The pressure may briefly rise to approximately
500 kPa (5 bar/73 psi).
Do not switch off the tyre inflation com-
pressor during this phase.
X Let the tyre inflation compressor run for a
maximum of five minutes. The tyre should
then have attained a pressure of at least
180 kPa (1.8 bar/26 psi).
If a pressure of 180 kPa (1.8 bar/26 psi) has
been attained after five minutes, see "Tyre pres-
sure reached" (Y page 321).
If a tyre pressure of 180 kPa (1.8 bar/26 psi) has not been attained after five minutes, see "Tyre
pressure not reached" (Y page 321).
If tyre sealant leaks out, make sure you clean the
affected area as quickly as possible. It is pref-
erable to use clear water.
If you get tyre sealant on your clothing, have it
cleaned as soon as possible with perchloroethy- lene. 320
Flat tyreBreakdown assistance

Tyre pressure not reached
If a pressure of 180 kPa (1.8 bar/26 psi) has not
been attained after five minutes:
X Switch off the tyre inflation compressor.
X Unscrew the filler hose from the valve of the
faulty tyre.
Please note that tyre sealant may leak out
when unscrewing the filler hose.
X Very slowly drive the vehicle forwards or
reverse approximately 10 m.
X Pump up the tyre again.
After a maximum of five minutes the tyre
pressure must be at least 180 kPa (1.8 bar/
26 psi). G
WARNING
If the required tyre pressure is not reached
after the specified time, the tyre is too badly
damaged. The tyre sealant cannot repair the
tyre in this instance. Damaged tyres and a tyre pressure that is too low can significantly
impair the vehicle's braking and driving char-
acteristics. There is a risk of accident.
Do not continue driving. Contact a qualified
specialist workshop.
Tyre pressure reached G
WARNING
A tyre temporarily sealed with tyre sealant
impairs the driving characteristics and is not
suitable for higher speeds. There is a risk of
accident.
You should therefore adapt your driving style
accordingly and drive carefully. Do not exceed the specified maximum speed with a tyre that
has been repaired using tyre sealant.
The maximum permissible speed for a tyre
sealed with tyre sealant is 80 km/h. The upper
part of the TIREFIT sticker must be affixed to the
instrument cluster where it will be easily seen by
the driver. If a tyre pressure of 180 kPa (1.8 bar/26 psi) has
been reached after five minutes:
X Switch off the tyre inflation compressor.
X Unscrew the filler hose from the valve of the
faulty tyre.
Please note that tyre sealant may leak out
when unscrewing the filler hose.
X Stow the tyre sealant bottle, the tyre inflation
compressor and the warning triangle.
X Pull away immediately.
X Stop after driving for approximately ten
minutes and check the tyre pressure with the
tyre inflation compressor.
The tyre pressure must now be at least
130 kPa (1.3 ba r/19 psi). G
WA
RNING
If the required tyre pressure is not reached
after driving for a short period, the tyre is too badly damaged. The tyre sealant cannot
repair the tyre in this instance. Damaged tyres and a tyre pressure that is too low can signif-
icantly impair the vehicle's braking and driv-
ing characteristics. There is a risk of accident.
Do not continue driving. Contact a qualified
specialist workshop.
i In your vehicle, you will find a sticker with
the Mercedes-Benz Service24h telephone
number, e.g. on the B-pillar on the driver's
side.
X Correct the tyre pressure if it is still at least
130 kPa (1.3 ba r/19 psi). See the tyre pres-
sure table on the fuel filler flap for values.
X To increase the tyre pressure: switch on
the tyre inflation compressor. Flat tyre
321Breakdown assistance Z

X
To reduce the tyre pressure: depress pres-
sure release button :next to pressure
gauge ;.
X When the tyre pressure is correct, unscrew
the filler hose from the valve of the sealed
tyre.
Please note that tyre sealant may leak out
when unscrewing the filler hose.
X Screw the valve cap onto the tyre valve of the
sealed tyre.
X Pull the tyre sealant bottle out of the tyre
inflation compressor.
The filler hose stays on the tyre sealant bottle.
X Drive to the nearest qualified specialist work-
shop and have the tyre changed there.
X Have the tyre sealant bottle replaced as soon
as possible at a qualified specialist workshop.
X Have the tyre sealant bottle replaced every
four years at a qualified specialist workshop. Battery (vehicle)
Important safety notes
Work on the battery, e.g. removing or fitting,
requires specialist knowledge and the use of
special tools. Therefore, always have work on
the battery carried out at a qualified specialist
workshop. G
WARNING
Work carried out incorrectly on the battery
can lead, for example, to a short circuit and
thus damage the vehicle electronics. This can lead to function restrictions applying to
safety-relevant systems, e.g the lighting sys-
tem, the ABS (anti-lock braking system) or the
ESP ®
(Electronic Stability Program). The oper-
ating safety of your vehicle may be restricted.
You could lose control of the vehicle, for
example:
R when braking
R in the event of abrupt steering manoeuvres
and/or when the vehicle's speed is not
adapted to the road conditions
There is a risk of an accident.
In the event of a short circuit or a similar inci- dent, contact a qualified specialist workshop immediately. Do not drive any further. Always
have work on the battery carried out at a
qualified specialist workshop.
Further information about ABS (Y page 68) and
ESP ®
(Y page 72). G
WARNING
Electrostatic build-up can lead to the creation of sparks, which could ignite the highly explo-
sive gases of a battery. There is a risk of an
explosion.
Before handling the battery, touch the vehicle body to remove any existing electrostatic
build-up.
The highly flammable gas mixture is created
while the battery is charging and when jump-
starting.
Always make sure that neither you nor the bat-
tery is electrostatically charged. Electrostatic
charge is created, for example:
R by wearing synthetic-fibre clothing
R by friction between clothing and the seat
R if you pull or push the battery across carpet or
other synthetic materials
R if you rub the battery with a cloth G
WARNING
During the charging process, a battery produ- ces hydrogen gas. If a short circuit occurs or
sparks are created, the hydrogen gas can
ignite. There is a risk of an explosion.
R Make sure that the positive terminal of a
connected battery does not come into con-
tact with vehicle parts.
R Never place metal objects or tools on a bat-
tery.
R It is important that you observe the descri-
bed order of the battery terminals when
connecting and disconnecting a battery.
R When jump-starting, make sure that the
battery poles with identical polarity are
connected. 322
Battery (vehicle)Breakdo
wn assis tance

R
It is particularly important to observe the
described order when connecting and dis-
connecting the jump leads.
R Never connect or disconnect the battery
terminals while the engine is running. G
WARNING
Battery acid is caustic. There is a risk of injury. Avoid contact with the skin, eyes or clothing.
Do not breathe in any battery gases. Do not
lean over the battery. Keep the batteries out
of the reach of children. Immediately rinse off
battery acid thoroughly with plenty of clean
water and seek medical attention at once. H
Environmental note Batteries contain pollutants.
It is illegal to dispose of them with the household rubbish.
They must be collected sep-
arately and disposed of in anenvironmentally responsible
recycling system. Dispose of batteries in an
environmentally responsible
manner. Take discharged
batteries to a qualified spe-
cialist workshop or to a col-
lection point for used batter-
ies.
! Have the battery checked regularly at a
qualified specialist workshop.
Observe the service intervals in the Service
Booklet or contact a qualified specialist work- shop for more information.
! You should have all work involving the bat-
tery carried out at a qualified specialist work-
shop. In the exceptional case that it is neces-
sary for you to disconnect the battery your-
self, make sure that:
R you switch off the engine and remove the
key. On vehicles with KEYLESS-GO, ensure
that the ignition is switched off. Check that all the indicator lamps in the instrument
cluster are off. Otherwise, electronic com- ponents, such as the alternator, may be
damaged.
R you first remove the negative terminal
clamp and then the positive terminal
clamp. Never swap the terminal clamps.
Otherwise, the vehicle's electronic system
may be damaged.
R in vehicles with automatic transmission,
the transmission is locked in position P
after disconnecting the battery. The vehicle
is secured against rolling away. You can
then no longer move the vehicle.
The battery and the cover of the positive ter-
minal clamp must be fitted securely during
operation.
Comply with safety precautions and take pro-
tective measures when handling batteries. Risk of explosion.
Fire, naked flames and smoking are
prohibited when handling the bat-
tery. Avoid creating sparks. Battery acid is caustic. Avoid contact
with the skin, eyes and clothing.
Wear suitable protective clothing; in
particular, gloves, an apron and a
face mask.
Immediately rinse acid splashes off
with clean water. Consult a doctor if
necessary. Wear eye protection.
Keep children at a safe distance.
Observe this Owner's Manual.
For safety reasons, Mercedes-Benz recom-
mends that you only use batteries which have
been tested and approved for your vehicle by
Mercedes-Benz. These batteries provide
increased impact protection to prevent vehicle
occupants from suffering acid burns should the battery be damaged in the event of an accident. Battery (vehicle)
323Breakdown assistance Z

In order for the battery to achieve the maximum
possible service life, it should always be suffi-
ciently charged.
Like other batteries, the vehicle battery may
discharge over time if you do not use the vehicle. In such cases, have the battery disconnected at
a qualified specialist workshop. However, you
can also charge the battery with a charger rec-
ommended by Mercedes-Benz. For more infor-
mation, please contact a qualified specialist
workshop.
Have the battery charge checked more fre-
quently if you use the vehicle mainly for short
trips or if you leave it standing idle for an exten- ded period. Consult a qualified specialist work-
shop if you wish to leave your vehicle parked up
for a long period of time.
When you park the vehicle, remove the key if you do not require any electrical consumers. The
vehicle will then use very little energy, thus con- serving battery power.
If the power supply has been interrupted, e.g. if
the battery was discharged, you will have to:
R set the clock using the multimedia system;
see the separate operating instructions
R reset the function for folding the exterior mir-
rors in/out automatically, by folding the mir-
rors out once (Y page 113) Charging the battery
G
WARNING
During charging and jump-starting, explosive
gases can escape from the battery. There is a risk of an explosion.
Particularly avoid fire, naked flames, creating
sparks and smoking. Ensure there is sufficient
ventilation while charging and jump-starting.
Do not lean over a battery. G
WARNING
Battery acid is caustic. There is a risk of injury. Avoid contact with the skin, eyes or clothing.
Do not breathe in any battery gases. Do not
lean over the battery. Keep the batteries out of the reach of children. Immediately rinse off
battery acid thoroughly with plenty of clean
water and seek medical attention at once. G
WARNING
A discharged battery can freeze at tempera-
tures below freezing point. When jump-start-
ing the vehicle or charging the battery, gases can escape from the battery. There is a risk of
an explosion.
Allow the frozen battery to thaw out before
charging it or jump-starting.
! Only use battery chargers with a maximum
charging voltage of 14.8 V.
! Only charge the battery using the jump-start
connection point.
The jump-starting connection point is in the
engine compartment (Y page 325).
X Open the bonnet.
X Connect the battery charger to the positive
terminal and earth point in the same order as
when connecting the donor battery in the
jump-starting procedure (Y page 325).
If the indicator/warning lamps do not light up in
the instrument cluster at low temperatures, it is very likely that the discharged battery has fro-
zen. In this case, you may neither jump-start the vehicle nor charge the battery. The service life of
a battery that has been thawed may be reduced. The starting characteristics may be impaired,
especially at low temperatures. Have the
thawed battery checked at a qualified specialistworkshop.
Only charge the installed battery with a battery
charger which has been tested and approved by Mercedes-Benz. A battery charger unit specially
adapted for Mercedes-Benz vehicles and tested and approved by Mercedes-Benz is available as
an accessory. This device permits charging of
the battery while it is installed. Contact a
Mercedes-Benz Service Centre for information
and availability. Read the battery charger's
operating instructions before charging the bat-
tery. 324
Battery (vehicle)Breakdown assistance

Jump-starting
For the jump-starting procedure, use only the jump-starting connection point, consisting of a pos- itive terminal and an earth point, in the engine compartment. G
WARNING
Battery acid is caustic. There is a risk of injury.
Avoid contact with the skin, eyes or clothing. Do not breathe in any battery gases. Do not lean over the battery. Keep the batteries out of the reach of children. Immediately rinse off battery acid
thoroughly with plenty of clean water and seek medical attention at once. G
WARNING
During charging and jump-starting, explosive gases can escape from the battery. There is a risk of an explosion.
Particularly avoid fire, naked flames, creating sparks and smoking. Ensure there is sufficient
ventilation while charging and jump-starting. Do not lean over a battery. G
WARNING
During the charging process, a battery produces hydrogen gas. If a short circuit occurs or sparks
are created, the hydrogen gas can ignite. There is a risk of an explosion.
R Make sure that the positive terminal of a connected battery does not come into contact with
vehicle parts.
R Never place metal objects or tools on a battery.
R It is important that you observe the described order of the battery terminals when connecting
and disconnecting a battery.
R When jump-starting, make sure that the battery poles with identical polarity are connected.
R It is particularly important to observe the described order when connecting and disconnecting
the jump leads.
R Never connect or disconnect the battery terminals while the engine is running. G
WARNING
A discharged battery can freeze at temperatures below freezing point. When jump-starting the
vehicle or charging the battery, gases can escape from the battery. There is a risk of an explosion.
Allow the frozen battery to thaw out before charging it or jump-starting.
! Vehicles with a petrol engine:
avoid repeated and lengthy starting attempts. Otherwise, the
non-combusted fuel may damage the catalytic converter.
If the indicator/warning lamps do not light up in the instrument cluster at low temperatures, it is very likely that the discharged battery has frozen. In this case you may neither jump-start the vehicle norcharge the battery. Let the battery thaw first. The service life of a battery that has been thawed may
be reduced. The starting characteristics may be impaired, especially at low temperatures. Have the
thawed battery checked at a qualified specialist workshop. Jump-starting
325Breakdown assistance Z

Do not use a rapid charging device to start the vehicle. If your vehicle's battery is discharged, the
engine can be jump-started from another vehicle or from a donor battery using jump leads. Observe the following points:
R the battery is not accessible in all vehicles. If the other vehicle's battery is not accessible, jump-
start the vehicle using a donor battery or a jump-starting device
R vehicles with a petrol engine: jump-start the vehicle only when the engine and exhaust system
are cold
R do not start the engine if the battery is frozen. Let the battery thaw first
R jump-starting may be performed only using batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V
R only use jump leads that are not damaged and have a sufficient cross-section and insulated
terminal clamps.
R make sure that the two vehicles do not touch
Make sure that:
R the jump leads are not damaged
R non-insulated parts of the terminal clamps do not come into contact with other metal parts while
the jump leads are connected to the battery
R the jump leads cannot come into contact with parts that can move when the engine is running,
such as the V-belt pulley or the fan
X Secure the vehicle by applying the electric parking brake.
X Manual transmission: depress the clutch pedal fully and shift to neutral.
X Automatic transmission: shift the transmission to position j.
X Turn the key to position gin the ignition lock and remove it.
X Switch off all electrical consumers, e.g. rear window heating, lighting etc.
X Open the bonnet. Position number
Bidentifies the charged battery of the other vehicle or an equivalent jump-starting
device.
X Press together cover :of positive clamp ;and slide it back.
X Connect positive terminal ;on your vehicle to positive terminal =of donor battery Busing the
jump lead. beginning with your own battery.
X Start the engine of the donor vehicle and run it at idling speed. 326
Jump-startingBreakdown assistance

X
Connect negative terminal ?of donor battery Bto earth point Aof your vehicle using the jump
lead. Connect the jump lead to donor battery Bfirst.
X if the battery is fully discharged, leave the battery that is being used to jump-start connected for
a few minutes before attempting to start. This charges the empty battery a little
X Start the engine.
X Before disconnecting the jump leads, let the engines run for several minutes.
X First, remove the jump leads from earth point Aand negative terminal ?, then from positive
clamp ;and positive terminal =. Each time, begin at the contacts on your own vehicle.
X Close cover :of positive clamp ;after removing the jump leads.
X Close the bonnet.
X Have the battery checked at a qualified specialist workshop.
i Jump-starting is not considered to be a normal operating condition.
i Jump-starting cables and further information regarding jump-starting can be obtained at any
qualified specialist workshop. Towing away and tow-starting
Important safety notes
G
WARNING
Safety relevant functions are restricted or no
longer available if:
R the engine is not running
R the brake system or power steering is mal-
functioning
R there is a malfunction in the voltage supply
or the vehicle's electrical system
When your vehicle is towed away or towed
started, you may require considerably more
effort to steer and brake. There is a risk of an
accident.
In such cases use a rigid towing bar. Before
being towed away or tow started, make sure
the steering moves freely. G
WARNING
If the steering wheel lock is engaged, the vehi- cle can no longer be steered. There is a risk of
an accident.
Always switch on the ignition when towing
with a tow rope or a towing bar. G
WARNING
When towing or tow-starting another vehicle
and its weight is greater than the permissible gross weight of your vehicle, the:
R towing eye may be torn off
R car/trailer combination may swerve or
even overturn
There is a risk of an accident.
When towing or tow-starting another vehicle,
its weight should not be greater than the per- missible gross weight of your vehicle.
Details on the permissible gross vehicle weight
of your vehicle can be found on the vehicle iden-
tification plate (Y page 351).
! When Active Brake Assist, Distance Pilot
DISTRONIC or the HOLD function is activated, the vehicle brakes automatically in certain
situations.
To avoid damage to the vehicle, deactivate
these systems in the following or similar sit-
uations:
R when towing away
R in a car wash
! Make sure that the electric parking brake is
released. If the electric parking brake is faulty, visit a qualified specialist workshop.
! Only secure the tow cable or tow bar to the
towing eyes or, if available, to the trailer tow Towing away and tow-starting
327Breakdown assistance Z