check engine NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Service Manual

TIMINGBELT
Camshaft TimingBelt(Cont'd)
INSPECTION
Timing belt

Visually checkthecondition oftiming belt.
Replace ifany abnormality isfound.

Item tocheck
Tooth isbroken/tooth
root iscracked.
Back surface is
cracked/worn. Problem

SEM394A
SEM395A
Cause
• Camshaft jamming
• Distributor jamming
• Damaged camshaft/crankshaft oilseal
• Tensioner jamming

• Overhe
ed
engine
• Interference withbeltcover
Side surface isworn. •
Improper installation ofbelt
• Malfunctioning crankshaftpulleyplate/timing
belt plate
• Belt corners areworn andround.
• Wicks arefrayed andcoming out.
SEM396A

Teeth areworn.

-
Rotating direction
-
•
Poor belt
cover
sealing
• Coolant leakageatwater pump
• Camshaft notfunctioning properly
• Distributor notfunctioning properly
• Excessive belttension
Oil, coolant orwater is
stuck tobelt.
•
Canvas
ontooth faceisworn down.

• Canvas
ontooth isfluffy, rubber layeris
worn down andfaded white, orweft isworn
down andinvisible.
SEM397A
EM-122
•
Poor oilsealing ofeach oilseal
• Coolant leakageatwater pump
• Poor belt
cover
sealing

SEM202
SEM731BA

Grade number
Tightening sequence

r
1
@@
~.~.~

o
,..0
W

@
@ @
Facing frontofengine
(position 2)

SEM528DCYLINDER
HEAD
[£Q]

Inspection {Cont'd)

4. Remove cambracket capsandmeasure maximum widthof
plastigage. Camshaft bearingclearance:
Limit
0.1 mm (0.004 in)

5. Ifclearance appearstoexceed thelimit, replace camshaft
or cylinder head.
• Which partstobe replaced shouldbedecided uponafter
measuring thediameters ofthe parts concerned.

Assembly
1. Install valvecomponent parts.
Install valvespring withitsnarrow pitchsidetoward cylinder
head side.
• Always installnewvalve oilseals.
Refer tooil seal replacement.
• Before installing oilseal, install valve-spring seat.
• When installing valve,applyengine oilonthe valve stem
and lipofvalve oilseal.
• Check whether thevalve faceisfree from foreign matter.
• Install valvespring retainers onthe intake sideandvalve
rotators onthe exhaust side.
• Valve rotators cannotbedisassembled.
2. Install camshaft andbrackets andtighten bracket nutstothe
specified torqueintwo orthree stages.
Camshaft-bracket nuts:
~: 18-22 N'm (1.8-2.2 kg-m, 13-16 ft-Ib)
• Tighten bracketfromcenter tooutside.
• Apply sealant tobrackets No.1and No.5.
• When installing "brackets, setcamshaft sothat thepinof
camshaft fronthead isuppermost.
• Install newcamshaft oilseals.
Refer tooil seal replacement.

17.5 (0.689)

o

o
13.0
(0.512)

NO.1 journal bracket No.5journal bracket
Unit: mm(in)
SEM676D
EM-136

Cylinderheadbolt

N.m (kg-m, ft-Ib)

83 -93

(8.5 -9.5,
(Iii(~)

61.2 -68.6)

39 (4.0, 29)

o
N.m (0kg-m, 0ft-Ib)

SEM673DA
SEM678D CYLINDER
HEAD
Installation
1. Install cylinder headgasket.

• When replacing onlycylinder headgasket, installsame
grade gasket asthe one formerly used.
• When replacing orrepairing cylinderblock,piston, connect-
ing rod and crankshaft, selectgasket referring to"Selecting •
cylinder headgasket".
• Pay attention tothe direction ofthe cylinder headbolt
washer asshown inthe figure.

2. Install cylinder headandtighten cylinder headboltsaccord-
ing tothe following sequence.

Tightening procedure
• Apply engine oiltothreads andunderhead seatingfaceof
each bolt.

1.-
Tighten boltsinnumerical ordershown inthe figure follow-
ing steps below.

@
39N'm (4.0kg-m, 29ft-Ib)

@
83-93 N'm (8.5-9.5 kg-m, 61.2-68.6 ft-Ib)

@
Return to0N'm (0kg-m, 0ft-Ib)

@
39N'm (4.0kg-m, 29ft-Ib)

@
Tighten to75 -80°
If itis difficult tocheck tightening angleofbolt, tighten to83
to 93 N'm (8.5to9.5 kg-m, 61to69 ft-Ib).
2. Install rocker cover.
• Install rocker coverinthe sequence shownatleft.

EM-137

Measuringpoints
Warpage ofsurface:
Less than0.1mm (0.004 in)

SEM655ACYLINDER
BLOCK

Inspection (Cont'd)

CYLINDER BLOCKDISTORTION

Clean upperfaceofcylinder blockandmeasure thedistortion.
Limit:
0.10
mm
(0.0039
in)
If out ofspecification, resurfaceit.
The resurfacing limitofcylinder blockisdetermined bycylin-
der head resurfacing inan engine.

SEM008D
Amount
ofcylinder headresurfacing is"A".
Amount ofcylinder blockresurfacing is"B".
The maximum limitisas follows:

A + B=0.1
mm
(0.004
in)
If necessary, replacecylinder block.

~ Moving thebore gauge
as shown, takethe

//p'
minimum reading.
CYLINDER
BORE

1. Check forscratches orseizure. Ifseizure isfound, hone
bore.
2. Using abore gauge, measure cylinderboreforwear, out-
of-round ortaper.
Standard borediameter:

84.500 -84.550
mm
(3.3268 -3.3287
in)

Unit:mm(in)

If itexceeds thelimit, rebore allfour cylinders. Replacecylin-
der block ifnecessary.
If cylinder blockorpiston isreplaced, matchpiston gradewith
grade number oncylinder blockupper surface.

y

Unit mm(in)

SEM704DA
Bore
wear limit
Out-aI-round (X-Y) standard
Taper (A-B) standard
0.2
(0.008)
0.015 (0.0006)
0.010 (0.0004)
EM-150

SERVICEDATAANDSPECIFICATIONS (50S)
Inspection andAdjustment
ENGINE COMPRESSION PRESSURE CYLINDERHEAD
Unit: kPa(bar, kg/cm
2,
psi)/rpm Unit:
mm(in)
Compression Difference
ratio Standard Minimumlimitbetween
Refer toSDS
cylinders
(EM-155).
9.5 1,324
(13.24, 1,128
(11.28,
13.5, 192)/350 11.5,
164)/350
9.8 1,353
(13.53, 1,157
(11.57,
98(0.98, 1.0,
13.8, 196)/350 11.8,
168)/350
14)/350
9.9 1,373
(13.7,14, 1,177
(11.8,12,
199)/350 171)/350

VALVE
Standard
Limit
Head surface Lessthan
0.1(0.004)
flatness 0.03
(0.0012)
Height 117.8
-118.0
(4.638 -4.646)
-

Unit: mm(in)

---L
SEM188-b
GA14DE andGA15DE GA16DE
Intake 28.9
-29.2 29.9-30.2
(1.138 -1.150) (1.177
-1.189)
Valve headdiameter "0"
23.9-24.2 (0.941 -0.949): without VTC
Exhaust 23.9
-24.2
24.9-25.2 (0.980 -0.992):
(0.941 -0.953)
withVTC
Intake 92.00
-92.5 (3.6220 -3.6417)
Valve length "L"
Exhaust 92.37-92.87 (3.6366 -3.6563)
Intake 5.465-5.480 (0.2152 -0.2157)
Valve stemdiameter "d"
Exhaust 5.445
-5.460 (0.2144 -0.2150)
Valve faceangle "u" 45°15'
-45°45'

.

Valve margin
'T'
limit 0.9-1.1 (0.035 -0.043)
Valve stemendsurface grinding limit Less
than0.2(0.008)
Valve clearance
Unit:mm(in)
For adjusting Forchecking
Hot Cold*
Hot
Intake 0.32
-0.40 0.25
-0.33
0.21-0.49
(0.013 -0.016) (0.010-0.013) (0.008-0.019)
Exhaust 0.37
-0.45 0.32-0.40
0.30-0.58
(0.015 -0.018) (0.013-0.016) (0.012-0.023)
*: At atemperature ofapproximately 20°C(68°F)
Whenever valveclearances areadjusted tocold specifications,
check thattheclearances satisfyhotspecifications andadjust again
if necessary.
EM-156

GENERALINFORMATION •
SECTION
G
I

CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS 2

Supplemental RestraintSystem(SRS)"AIR
BAG" (DualAirBag System) 2
Supplemental RestraintSystem(SRS)"AIR
BAG" (Single AirBag System) 2
Precautions forNATS V2.0(ForGasoline
Engine Model) 3
General Precautions 3
Precautions forMultiport FuelInjection
System orECCS Engine 5
Precautions forThree WayCatalyst 5
Engine Oils 5
Precautions forFuel 6

HOW TOUSE THIS
MANUAL 7

HOW TOREAD WIRING DIAGRAMS 9

Sample/Wiring Diagram-EXAMPL - 9
Description 11
Wiring Diagram Codes(CellCodes) 17

HOW TOPERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FOR
AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT 18

Work Flow 18
Incident Simulation Tests 19
Circuit Inspection 23
HOW
TOFOLLOW FLOWCHART INTROUBLE
DIAGNOSES 29
CONSULT CHECKING SYSTEM
32

Function andSystem Application 32
Lithium BatteryReplacement.. 32
Checking Equipment 32

IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION 33

Model Variation 33
Identification Number 36
Di mens ions 39
Wheels andTires 39

LIFTING POINTSANDTOW TRUCK TOWING ..40

Preparation 40
Board-on
Lift
40
Garage JackandSafety Stand 41
2-pole Lift 42
Tow Truck Towing 43

TIGHTENING TORQUEOFSTANDARD BOLTS
44

SAE J1930 TERMINOLOGY LIST 45

SAE J1930 Terminology List.. 45

PRECAUTIONS
General Precautions (Cont'd)

• After disconnecting vacuumorair hoses, attachatag to
indicate theproper connection.
• Use only thefluids andlubricants specifiedinthis manual.
• Use approved bondingagent,sealants ortheir equivalents
when required.
• Use tools andrecommended specialtoolswhere specified
for safe andefficient servicerepairs.
• When repairing thefuel, oil,water, vacuum orexhaust
systems, checkallaffected linesforleaks.
• Dispose ofdrained oilorthe solvent usedforcleaning parts
in an appropriate manner.

Precautions forMultiport FuelInjection System
or ECCS Engine

• Before connecting ordisconnecting anyharness connector
for the multiport fuelinjection systemorEGM (EGGS control
module):
Turn ignition switchto"OFF" position.
Disconnect negativebatteryterminal.
Otherwise, theremaybedamage toEGM.
• Before disconnecting pressurizedfuellinefrom fuelpump to
injectors, besure torelease fuelpressure.
• Becareful nottojar components suchasEGM andmass air
flow sensor.

Precautions forThree WayCatalyst

If a large amount ofunburned fuelflows intothecatalyst, the
catalyst temperature willbeexcessively high.Toprevent this,
follow theinstructions below:
• Use unleaded gasolineonly.Leaded gasoline willseriously
damage thethree waycatalyst.
• When checking forignition sparkormeasuring engine
compression, maketestsquickly andonly when necessary.
• Donot run engine whenthefuel tank level islow, otherwise
the engine maymisfire causing damage tothe catalyst.
Do not place thevehicle onflammable material.Keepflamma-
ble material offthe exhaust pipeandthethree waycatalyst.

Engine Oils

Prolonged andrepeated contactwithused engine oilmay
cause skincancer. Trytoavoid direct skincontact withused oil.
If skin contact is.made, washthoroughly withsoap orhand
cleaner assoon aspossible.

HEALTH PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS

• Avoid prolonged andrepeated contactwithoils, particularly
used engine oils.
• Wear protective clothing,including impervious gloves
where practicable.
• Donot putoily rags inpockets.
• Avoid contaminating clothes,particularly underpants, with

oil.

• Heavily soiledclothing andoil-impregnated footwearshould
not beworn. Overalls mustbecleaned regularly.
• First Aidtreatment shouldbeobtained immediately foropen
cuts andwounds.
• Use barrier creams, applying thembefore eachwork
period, tohelp theremoval ofoil from theskin.

GI-5
•

PRECAUTIONS
Engine Oils(ConI' d)

• Wash withsoap andwater toensure alloil isremoved (skin
cleansers andnailbrushes willhelp). Preparations contain-
ing lanolin replace thenatural skinoilswhich havebeen
removed.
• Donot use gasoline, kerosine, dieselfuel,gasoil,thinners
or solvents forcleaning skin.

• If
skin disorders develop,obtainmedical advicewithout
delay.
• Where practicable, degreasecomponents priortohandling.
• Where thereisarisk ofeye contact, eyeprotection should
be worn, forexample, chemicalgogglesorface shields; in
addition aneye wash facility should beprovided.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONPRECAUTIONS

Burning usedengine oilinsmall space heaters orboilers can
be recommended onlyforunits ofapproved design.Theheat-
ing system mustmeettherequirements ofHM Inspectorate of
Pollution forsmall burners ofless than 0.4MW. Ifin doubt check
with theappropriate localauthority and/ormanufacturer ofthe
approved appliance.
Dispose ofused oiland used oilfilters through authorized
waste disposal contractors tolicensed wastedisposal sites,or
to the waste oilreclamation trade.Ifin doubt, contact thelocal
authority foradvice ondisposal facilities.
It is illegal topour used oilontothe ground, downsewers or
drains, orinto water courses.
The regulations concerningthepollution ofthe environment
will vary between regions.

Precautions forFuel
GASOLINE ENGINE:

For Europe

Unleaded gasolineofat least 95octane (RON)
CAUTION: Do not use leaded gasoline. Usingleaded gasoline willdamage
the catalytic converter.

Except Europe

Unleaded gasolineofat least 91octane (RON)

DIESEL ENGINE*:

Diesel fuelofat least 50cetane
If two types ofdiesel fuelareavailable, usesummer or
winter fuelproperly according tothe following temperature
conditions.
• Above -rc(20°F) Summer typediesel fuel.
• Below
-rc
(20°F) Wintertypediesel fuel.
CAUTION:
• Donot use home heating oil,gasoline, orother alternate
fuels inyour diesel engine. Theuseofthose cancause
engine damage.
• Donot use summer fuelattemperature below_7°C(20°F).
The cold temperatures willcause waxtoform inthe fuel. As
a result, itmay prevent theengine fromrunning smoothly.
• Donot add gasoline orother alternate fuelstodiesel fuel.

GI-6

HOWTOUSE THIS MANUAL

ManualTransaxle/Transmission
Automatic Transaxle/
Transmission
Air Conditioner
Power Steering
Special Service Tools
Society ofAutomotive Engineers,

Inc.

Automatic Transmission Fluid
Drive range 1stgear
Drive range 2ndgear
Drive range 3rdgear
Drive range 4thgear
Overdrive
2nd range 2ndgear
2nd range 1stgear
1st range 2ndgear
1st range 1stgear

A/C
PIS

Tool SAE
ATF

0
1

O
2

0
3

0
4

00

2
2

2
1
1
2

1
1

•
The following
SYMBOLS ANDABBREVIATIONS
areused:

to;J,
l\tI
Tightening torque M/T

IE!
Shouldbelubricated withgrease. A/T
Unless otherwise indicated,use
recommended multi-purpose
grease.
Should belubricated withoil.
Sealing point
Checking point
Always replaceafterevery disas-
sembly.
Apply petroleum jelly.
Apply ATF.
Select withproper thickness.
Adjustment isrequired.
Service DataandSpecifications
Left-Hand, Right-Hand
Front, Rear

IE!
~

@

*

1I
SDS LH, RH

FR, RR
• The
UNITS
giveninthis manual areprimarily expressed asthe SlUNIT (International SystemofUnit),
and alternatively expressedinthe metric system andinthe yard/pound system.

"Example" Tightening torque:
59 -78 N'm (6.0-8.0 kg-m, 43-58 ft-Ib)
• TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
areincluded insections dealingwithcomplicated components.

• SERVICE DATAANDSPECIFICATIONS
arecontained atthe end ofeach section forquick reference
of data.
• The captions
WARNING
and
CAUTION
warnyouofsteps thatmust befollowed toprevent personal
injury and/or damage tosome partofthe vehicle.

WARNING
indicatesthepossibility ofpersonal injuryifinstructions arenotfollowed.

CAUTION
indicatesthepossibility ofcomponent damageifinstructions arenotfollowed.

BOLD TYPED STATEMENTS
except
WARNING
and
CAUTION
giveyouhelpful information.

GI-8

HOWTOREAD WIRING DIAGRAMS
Description (Cont'd)

FOLDOUT PAGE

The foldout pageshould beopened whenreading wiringdiagram.

Super multiple junction (SMJ)

In wiring diagram, connectors consistingofterminals havingterminal numbers withanalphabet (81,
DO, etc.) areSMJ connectors.
If connector numbersareshown inReference Area,these connector symbolsarenotshown inConnec-
tor Area. Forterminal arrangement ofthese connectors, refertothe foldout pageatthe end ofthis
manual.

Joint connector

Joint connector symbolsareshown inConnector Areainthe wiring diagram concerned. Foldoutpage
also carries
insidewiring
layouttogether withsuch jointconnector symbols.

Example SuperMultiple Junction
(SMJ)
L----S

I
(Main
I

R harness)

@
BR

1~~_~_5 __
1~1

....... @ID .......

L (Engine BR

I
room
I

harness) AlB1Cl
01ElFIGl
A2B2 C202 E2F2G2
A3B3C3 E3F3G3
A4B4
@]
F4G4
5 B5 F55
A6B6
0
F6G6
A7B7 F77
A8B8C8 E8F8G8

09

A989C9 E9F9G9
AO BOCO DO EOFOGO Gl
FlEl 01ClBlAl
2F2E202C2B2A2
G3 F3E3 C3B3 A3
G4F4
C
B4A4
G5 F5 B5A5
G6 F6 86A6
G7F7 B7A7
G8F8 E8 C888A8

09

G9 F9E9 C989A9
GO FOEO 0 COBO AO

r-
BR
(Mainharness) (Engine
roomharness) BR----{

rDI.TI:IImP
[ill![ill]
@g)
JOINT
CONNECTOR
Terminal Arrangement

*
r::t::rrm::m:J

'M'i'

[ill]II!J ~

*

~

rll"
!! !
I
!
I II
!I
I
'J ~

~lllll!I!!lIllbV ~

SUPER
MULTIPLE UNCTION(SMJ)

Terminal Arangement
*
@)

~=fH+H=1
[II

STARTING
SYSTEM
G
SYSTEM
Diagram
~r-

[Jcheck

CJ

OCh~'

o
[J

STARTI
Wirin

@(3)

'tffB'
@)
Qfu@

@)

@

"-)-~
y

Connector Area
ReferenceArea:
Refer tothe foldout pageforthe terminal arrangement
of the connectors shownhereinthe "Reference Area".

SG1859-A

GI-16