overdrive NISSAN ALMERA N16 2003 Electronic User Guide

AT-30
OVERALL SYSTEM
SHIFT CONTROL
The shift is regulated entirely by electronic control to accommodate vehicle speed and varying engine opera-
tions. This is accomplished by electrical signals transmitted by the revolution sensor and throttle position sen-
sor. This results in improved acceleration performance and fuel economy.
Control of Shift Solenoid Valves A and B
The TCM activates shift solenoid valves A and B according to sig-
nals from the throttle position sensor and revolution sensor to select
the optimum gear position on the basis of the shift schedule memo-
rized in the TCM.
The shift solenoid valve performs simple ON-OFF operation. When
set to “ON”, the drain circuit closes and pilot pressure is applied to
the shift valve.
Relation Between Shift Solenoid Valves A and B and Gear Positions
Control of Shift Valves A and B
Pilot pressure generated by the operation of shift solenoid valves A and B is applied to the end face of shift
valves A and B.
The drawing above shows the operation of shift valve B. When the shift solenoid valve is “ON”, pilot pressure
applied to the end face of the shift valve overcomes spring force, moving the valve to right side on illustration.
LOCK-UP CONTROL
The torque converter clutch piston in the torque converter is locked to eliminate torque converter slip to
increase power transmission efficiency. The solenoid valve is controlled by an ON-OFF duty signal sent from
the TCM. The signal is converted to an oil pressure signal which controls the torque converter clutch piston.
Conditions for Lock-Up Operation
When vehicle is driven in 4th gear position, vehicle speed and throttle opening are detected. If the detected
values fall within the lock-up zone memorized in the TCM, lock-up is performed.
SAT008J
Shift solenoid valveGear position
D1 , 21 , 11D2 , 22 , 12D3D4 (OD) N-P
A ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed) ON (Closed)
B ON (Closed) ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed)
SAT009J
Overdrive control switch ON OFF
Selector lever “D” position
Gear position D
4D3
Vehicle speed sensor More than set value
Throttle position sensor Less than set opening
Closed throttle position switch OFF
A/T fluid temperature sensor More than 40°C (104°F)

AT-44
[EURO-OBD]
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Throttle position
sensorTHRTL POS
SEN
[V]X——●Throttle position sensor
signal voltage is dis-
played.This sensor means
accelerator pedal posi-
tion(APP)sensor.
A/T fluid tempera-
ture sensorFLUID TEMP SE
[V]
X——
●A/T fluid temperature
sensor signal voltage is
displayed.
●Signal voltage lowers
as fluid temperature
rises.
Battery voltage BATTERY VOLT
[V]X——
●Source voltage of TCM
is displayed.
Engine speed ENGINE SPEED
[rpm]
X—X
●Engine speed, com-
puted from engine
speed signal, is dis-
played.Engine speed display
may not be accurate
under approx. 800 rpm.
It may not indicate 0 rpm
even when engine is not
running.
Overdrive control
switchOVERDRIVE
SW
[ON/OFF]X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of
overdrive control SW is
displayed.
PN position (PNP)
switchPN POSI SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of PN
position SW is dis-
played.
R position switch R POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of R
position SW is dis-
played.
D position switch D POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of D
position SW is dis-
played.
2 position switch 2 POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of 2
position SW, is dis-
played.
1 position switch 1 POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of 1
position SW, is dis-
played.
Kickdown switch KICKDOWN SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of
kick down SW, is dis-
played.●This is displayed even
when no kick down
switch is equipped.
Gear position GEAR
—— X
●Gear position data
used for computation
by TCM, is displayed.
Selector lever
positionSLCT LVR POSI
—— X
●Selector lever position
data, used for compu-
tation by TCM, is dis-
played.●A specific value used
for control is displayed
if fail-safe is activated
due to error. Item DisplayMover to center Monitor items
Description Remarks TCM
Input
signalsCAN
comm
sig-
nalsMain
signalsSelection
from
menu

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
AT-51
[EURO-OBD]
D
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AT
TCM SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (NO TOOLS)
1.CHECK O/D OFF INDICATOR LAMP
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
Wait 5 seconds.
3. Turn ignition switch to “ACC” position.
4. Set overdrive control switch to “ON” position.
5. Move selector lever to “P” position.
6. Turn ignition switch to “ON” position. (Do not start engine.)
7. Does O/D OFF indicator lamp come on for about 2 seconds?
Ye s o r N o
Ye s > > G O T O 2
No >> Go to AT- 2 11 , "
1. O/D OFF Indicator Lamp Does Not
Come On" .
2.JUDGEMENT PROCEDURE STEP 1
1. Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
2. Turn ignition switch to “ACC” position.
3. Move selector lever to “D” position.
4. Set overdrive control switch to “OFF” position.
5. Turn ignition switch to “ON” position. (Do not start engine.)
–Wait more than 2 seconds after turning ignition switch “ON”.
>> GO TO 3
SAT774B
MCIA3103E
SAT653E

AT-52
[EURO-OBD]
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3. JUDGEMENT PROCEDURE STEP 2
1. Move selector lever to “2” position.
2. Set overdrive control switch to “ON” position.
>> GO TO 4
4. JUDGEMENT PROCEDURE STEP 3
1. Move selector lever to “1” position.
2. Set overdrive control switch to “OFF” position.
>> GO TO 5
5. JUDGEMENT PROCEDURE STEP 4
1. Depress accelerator pedal fully and release it.
>> GO TO 6
6. CHECK SELF-DIAGNOSIS CODE
Check O/D OFF indicator lamp. Refer to AT- 5 3 , "
JUDGEMENT OF
SELF-DIAGNOSIS CODE" .
>>DIAGNOSIS END
SAT780B
SAT781B
SAT981F
MCIA3103E

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
AT-55
[EURO-OBD]
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t1 = 2.5 seconds t2 = 2.0 seconds t3 = 1.0 second t4 = 1.0 second 10th judgement flicker is longer than others.
Line pressure solenoid valve circuit is short-circuited or discon-
nected.
 Go to DTC P0745 LINE PRESSURE SOLENOID VALVE.
Refer to AT- 1 6 4
11th judgement flicker is longer than others.
The ECM-AT communication line is open or shorted.
Go to DTC U1000 CAN COMMNICATION LINE.
Refer to AT-192
Lamp comes off.
PNP switch, overdrive control switch or throttle position switch cir-
cuit is disconnected or TCM is damaged.
 Go to 21. TCM Self-diagnosis Does Not Activate (PNP &
Overdrive Control Switches, and Throttle Position Sensor
Circuit Checks).
Refer to AT- 2 3 7Flickers as shown below.
Battery power is low.
Battery has been disconnected for a long time.
Battery is connected conversely.
(When reconnecting TCM connectors.—This is not a problem). O/D OFF indicator lamp:
SCIA0704ESCIA0705E
SCIA0706ESAT804H

AT-58
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INTRODUCTION
Diagnostic Worksheet
1.❏ Read the Fail-safe and listen to customer complaints.AT-57, "Infor-
mation from
Customer"
2.❏ CHECK A/T FLUIDAT-63, "A/T
Fluid Check"❏ Leakage (Follow specified procedure)
❏ Fluid condition
❏ Fluid level
3.❏ Perform STALL TEST and LINE PRESSURE TEST.AT-64, "
Stall
Te s t",AT- 6 7 ,
"Line Pres-
sure Test"
❏ Stall test — Mark possible damaged components/others.
❏ Torque converter one-way clutch
❏ Reverse clutch
❏ Forward clutch
❏ Overrun clutch
❏ Forward one-way clutch❏ Low & reverse brake
❏ Low one-way clutch
❏ Engine
❏ Line pressure is low
❏ Clutches and brakes except high clutch and
brake band are OK
❏ Line Pressure test — Suspected parts:
4.❏ Perform all ROAD TEST and mark required procedures.AT-68, "
Road
Te s t"
4-
1.Check before engine is started.AT-70, "1.
CHECK
BEFORE
ENGINE IS
STARTED"
❏ SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE/DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) CONFIRMATION PROCE-
DURE. — Mark detected items.
❏ PNP switch, AT- 111
.
❏ A/T fluid temperature sensor, AT- 11 7
.
❏ Vehicle speed sensor·A/T (Revolution sensor), AT-123
.
❏ Engine speed signal, AT-129
.
❏ Torque converter clutch solenoid valve, AT- 1 5 9
.
❏ Line pressure solenoid valve, AT-164
.
❏ Shift solenoid valve A, AT-171
.
❏ Shift solenoid valve B, AT-176
.
❏ Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor, AT-181
.
❏ Overrun clutch solenoid valve, AT-187
.
❏ PNP & overdrive control switches, and throttle position sensor, AT- 2 3 7
.
❏ Batt/fluid temp sen (A/T fluid temperature sensor and TCM power source), AT-195
.
❏ Vehicle speed sensor·MTR, AT- 2 0 1
.
❏ CAN communication line, AT-192
.
❏ Control unit (RAM), control unit (ROM), AT- 2 0 5
.
❏ Control unit (EEP ROM), AT- 2 0 7
.
❏ Battery
❏ Others
4-
2.Check at idleAT-71, "
2.
CHECK AT
IDLE"❏ 1. O/D OFF Indicator Lamp Does Not Come On, AT- 2 11 .
❏ 2. Engine Cannot Be Started In “P” And “N” Position, AT- 2 1 2
.
❏ 3. In “P” Position, Vehicle Moves Forward Or Backward When Pushed, AT- 2 1 3
.
❏ 4. In “N” Position, Vehicle Moves, AT- 2 1 4
.
❏ 5. Large Shock. “N” → “R” Position, AT-215
.
❏ 6. Vehicle Does Not Creep Backward In “R” Position, AT- 2 1 6
.
❏ 7. Vehicle Does Not Creep Forward In “D”, “2” Or “1” Position, AT-219
.

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INTRODUCTION
AT-59
[EURO-OBD]
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4. 4-
3.Cruise testAT- 7 4 , "3.
CRUISE
TEST"
AT- 7 8 ,
"Cruise Test
— Part 1"
Part-1
❏ 8. Vehicle Cannot Be Started From D
1 , AT- 2 2 1 .
❏ 9. A/T Does Not Shift: D
1→ D2 Or Does Not Kickdown: D4→ D2 , AT- 2 2 3 .
❏ 10. A/T Does Not Shift: D
2→ D3 , AT- 2 2 5 .
❏ 11. A/T Does Not Shift: D
3→ D4 , AT-227 .
❏ 12. A/T Does Not Perform Lock-up, AT- 2 3 0
.
❏ 13. A/T Does Not Hold Lock-up Condition, AT- 2 3 1
.
❏ 14. Lock-up Is Not Released, AT- 2 3 2
.
❏ 15. Engine Speed Does Not Return To Idle (Light Braking D
4→ D3 ), AT-233 .
Part-2AT- 8 1 ,
"Cruise Test
— Part 2"❏ 16. Vehicle Does Not Start From D1 , AT- 2 3 4 .
❏ 9. A/T Does Not Shift: D
1→ D2 Or Does Not Kickdown: D4→ D2 , AT- 2 2 3 .
❏ 10. A/T Does Not Shift: D
2→ D3 , AT- 2 2 5 .
❏ 11. A/T Does Not Shift: D
3→ D4 , AT-227 .
Part-3AT- 8 3 ,
"Cruise Test
— Part 3"❏ 17. A/T Does Not Shift: D4→ D3 When Overdrive Control Switch “ON” → “OFF”, AT- 2 3 5 .
❏ 15. Engine Speed Does Not Return To Idle (Light Braking D
4→ D3 ), AT-233 .
❏ 18. A/T Does Not Shift: D
3→ 22 , When Selector Lever “D” → “2” Position, AT-235 .
❏ 15. Engine Speed Does Not Return To Idle (Light Braking D
4→ D3 ), AT-233 .
❏ 19. A/T Does Not Shift: 2
2→ 11 , When Selector Lever “2” → “1” Position, AT-236 .
❏ 20. Vehicle Does Not Decelerate By Engine Brake, AT- 2 3 7
.
❏ 21. TCM Self-diagnosis Does Not Activate (PNP & Overdrive Control Switches, and Throttle Position
Sensor Circuit Checks), AT- 2 3 7
.
❏ SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE/DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) CONFIRMATION PROCE-
DURE — Mark detected items.
❏ PNP switch, AT- 111
.
❏ A/T fluid temperature sensor, AT- 11 7
.
❏ Vehicle speed sensor·A/T (Revolution sensor), AT- 1 2 3
.
❏ Engine speed signal, AT- 1 2 9
.
❏ Torque converter clutch solenoid valve, AT-159
.
❏ Line pressure solenoid valve, AT-164
.
❏ Shift solenoid valve A, AT- 1 7 1
.
❏ Shift solenoid valve B, AT- 1 7 6
.
❏ Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor, AT-181
.
❏ Overrun clutch solenoid valve, AT- 1 8 7
.
❏ PNP & overdrive control switches, and throttle position sensor, AT- 2 3 7
.
❏ A/T fluid temperature sensor and TCM power source, AT-195
.
❏ Vehicle speed sensor·MTR, AT-201
.
❏ CAN communication line, AT- 1 9 2
❏ Control unit (RAM), control unit (ROM), AT-205 .
❏ Control unit (EEP ROM), AT-207
.
❏ Battery
❏ Others
5.❏ For self-diagnosis NG items, inspect each component. Repair or replace the damaged parts.AT- 5 0 , "
Diag-
nostic Proce-
dure Without
CONSULT-II"
6.❏ Perform all ROAD TEST and re-mark required procedures.AT- 6 8 , "Road
Te s t"
7.❏ Perform DTC CONFIRMATION PROCEDURE for following MI indicating items and check out NG items.
Refer toEC-37, "
Emission-related Diagnostic Information" .EC section
❏ DTC (P0731) A/T 1st gear function, AT- 1 3 3
.
❏ DTC (P0732) A/T 2nd gear function, AT-139
.
❏ DTC (P0733) A/T 3rd gear function, AT- 1 4 5
.
❏ DTC (P0734) A/T 4th gear function, AT- 1 5 1
.

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
AT-65
[EURO-OBD]
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JUDGEMENT OF STALL TEST
The test result and possible damaged components relating to each result are shown in the illustrations on next
page.
In order to pinpoint the possible damaged components, follow the WORK FLOW shown in AT-60, "
Work Flow"
(EURO-OBD).
NOTE:
Stall revolution is too high in “D”, “2” or “1” position:
●Slippage occurs in 1st gear but not in 2nd and 3rd gears...... Low one-way clutch slippage
●Slippage occurs in the following gears:
1st through 3rd gears in “D” position and engine brake functions with overdrive control switch set to
“OFF”.
1st and 2nd gears in “2” position and engine brake functions with accelerator pedal released (fully closed
throttle)...... Forward clutch or forward one-way clutch slippage
Stall revolution is too high in R position:
●Engine brake does not function in “1” position...... Low & reverse brake slippage
●Engine brake functions in “1” position...... Reverse clutch slippage
Stall revolution within specifications:
●Vehicle does not achieve speed of more than 80 km/h (50 MPH)...... One-way clutch seizure in torque
converter housing
CAUTION:
Be careful since automatic fluid temperature increases abnormally.
●Slippage occurs in 3rd and 4th gears in “D” position...... High clutch slippage
●Slippage occurs in 2nd and 4th gear in “D” position...... Brake band slippage
●Engine brake does not function in 2nd and 3rd gears in “D” position, 2nd gear in “2” position, and 1st gear
in “1” position with overdrive control switch set to “OFF”.
Stall revolution less than specifications:
●Poor acceleration during starts...... One-way clutch seizure in torque converter

AT-70
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
1. CHECK BEFORE ENGINE IS STARTED
1. CHECK O/D OFF INDICATOR LAMP
1. Park vehicle on flat surface.
2. Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
3. Move selector lever to “P” position.
4. Set overdrive control switch to “ON” position.
5. Turn ignition switch to “ON” position. (Do not start engine.)
6. Does O/D OFF indicator lamp come on for about 2 seconds?
Ye s o r N o
Yes >> GO TO 2
No >> Stop ROAD TEST. GO TO “1. O/D OFF Indicator Lamp
Does Not Come On” AT- 2 11
.
2. CHECK O/D OFF INDICATOR LAMP
Does O/D OFF indicator lamp flicker for about 8 seconds?
Ye s o r N o
Yes >> Perform self-diagnosis and check NG items on the AT-
57, "DIAGNOSTIC WORKSHEET" . Refer to AT- 5 1 ,
"TCM SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (NO
TOOLS)" .
No >> 1. Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
2. Perform self-diagnosis and note NG items.
Refer to AT- 5 1 , "
TCM SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCE-
DURE (NO TOOLS)" .
3. GO TO “2. CHECK AT IDLE” AT- 7 1
.
SAT774B
MCIA3103E
MCIA3103E

AT-78
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
Cruise Test — Part 1
1. CHECK STARTING GEAR (D1 ) POSITION
1. Drive vehicle for approx. 10 minutes to warm engine oil and ATF up to operating
temperature.
2. Park vehicle on flat surface.
3. Set overdrive control switch to “ON” position.
4. Move selector lever to “P” position.
5. Start engine.
6. Move selector lever to “D” position.
7. Accelerate vehicle by constantly depressing accelerator pedal
halfway.
8. Does vehicle start from D
1 ?
Read gear position.
Ye s o r N o
Yes >> GO TO 2
No >> Go To “8. Vehicle Cannot Be Started From D
1 ”, AT- 2 2 1 .
Continue ROAD TEST. Refer to AT- 6 8 , "
Road Test" . ATF operating temperature: 50 - 80°C (122 - 176°F)
SAT774B
SAT775B
SAT495G