stop start NISSAN ALMERA N16 2003 Electronic Repair Manual

Key to Symbols Signifying Measurements or
Procedures
NJGI0006S02
Symbol Symbol explanation Symbol Symbol explanation
Check after disconnecting the con-
nector to be measured.Procedure with Generic Scan Tool
(GST, OBD-II scan tool)
Check after connecting the connec-
tor to be measured.Procedure without CONSULT-II or
GST
Insert key into ignition switch.A/C switch is “OFF”.
Remove key from ignition switch.A/C switch is “ON”.
Turn ignition switch to “OFF” posi-
tion.REC switch is “ON”.
Turn ignition switch to “ON” position.REC switch is “OFF”.
Turn ignition switch to “START” posi-
tion.Fan switch is “ON”. (At any position
except for “OFF” position)
Turn ignition switch from “OFF” to
“ACC” position.Fan switch is “OFF”.
Turn ignition switch from “ACC” to
“OFF” position.Apply positive voltage from battery
with fuse directly to components.
Turn ignition switch from “OFF” to
“ON” position.Drive vehicle.
Turn ignition switch from “ON” to
“OFF” position.Disconnect battery negative cable.
Do not start engine, or check with
engine stopped.Depress brake pedal.
Start engine, or check with engine
running.Release brake pedal.
Apply parking brake.Depress accelerator pedal.
Release parking brake.Release accelerator pedal.
HOW TO FOLLOW TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Key to Symbols Signifying Measurements or Procedures
GI-34

EM-34
[QG]
CAMSHAFT
c. Slowly turn intake camshaft in direction A (counterclockwise:
intake manifold side).
●Perform while applying air pressure.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to dislocate camshaft retaining spanner.
d. During above step, operating click (a sound indicating internal
lock pin is disengaged) is heard from inside of intake camshaft
sprocket. After hearing it, slowly turn intake camshaft in direction
B (clockwise: exhaust manifold side), and set to most advanced
position.
●Perform while applying air pressure.
●When vane rotates solely against sprocket, lock pin is disengaged even if operating click is not heard.
●If lock pin is not disengaged, apply vibration by jiggling the camshaft with a spanner.
●If lock pin is not disengaged with above step, hit intake camshaft in front by using plastic hammer.
e. The following status indicates that most advanced position is
achieved: vane starts rotating on its own, then sprocket also
starts rotating when camshaft is turned. When above status is
achieved, this step is complete.
●Most advanced position is confirmed when stopper pin groove
and lock pin breathing groove are aligned.
f. Stop air, insert stopper pin [approximately 3 mm (0.12 in) dia.,
length of inserted part is approximately 15 mm (0.59 in)] into
pinhole on camshaft sprocket to fix most advanced position.
NOTE:
In the figure, an Allen wrench [a/f 2.5 mm (0.091 in), short part:
approximately 20 mm (0.79 in), long part: approximately 50 mm
(1.97 in)] is used for stopper pin as an example.
CAUTION:
Load (spring reaction force) is not applied to stopper pin.
Pin is easily detached. Therefore, secure it with vinyl tape to
prevent detachment.
5. Remove chain tensioner.
●Remove in the following order.
a. Press plate down, and release stopper tab.
b. Insert plunger into tensioner body until it stops.
c. Secure plate by passing stopper pin (such as a hard wire)
through plate hole and body hole. (Plunger is also secured.)
d. Remove mounting bolts, and remove chain tensioner.
KBIA1414J
MBIB0198E
PBIC0966E
MBIB0201E

EM-38
[QG]
CAMSHAFT
8. Remove stopper pin from intake camshaft sprocket.
9. Slowly turn crankshaft pulley clockwise to set intake camshaft
sprocket to most retarded position.
●Sprocket begins turning after crankshaft does. Once sprocket
starts turning, keep turning crankshaft until the vane (cam-
shaft) also begins turning. Most retarded position should now
be achieved.
●Most retarded position is confirmed when stopper pin groove
is at a clockwise offset from lock pin breathing groove.
●While turning crankshaft slightly more counterclockwise, con-
firm that lock pin is engaged when vane and sprocket turn
together.
10. Install cylinder head front cover.
●Apply liquid gasket (Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equiva-
lent) continuously as shown in figure.
●Install it by aligning dowel pin on cylinder head.
11. Check and adjust valve clearance. Refer to EM-42, "
Va l v e
Clearance" .
12. From this step, install in the reverse order of removal.
PBIC0966E
MBIB0213E
MBIB0214E
PBIC0968E

EM-42
[QG]
CAMSHAFT
Valve Lifter Hole Diameter
●Using inside micrometer, measure diameter of valve lifter hole of
cylinder head.
Calculation of Valve Lifter Clearance
(Valve lifter clearance) = (hole diameter of valve lifter) – (outer diam-
eter of valve lifter).
●When out of specified range, referring to each specification of outer and inner diameter, replace either or
both valve lifter and cylinder head.
Valve ClearanceEBS00LQC
INSPECTION
●The following procedure is applicable when: Components related to camshafts or valves are removed,
installed, or replaced. Drivability concerns (poor starting, poor idling, noise) are caused by valve clearance
aging.
1. Warm up engine, and stop.
2. Remove RH splash cover (integrated with undercover).
3. Remove rocker cover. Refer to EM-29, "
ROCKER COVER" .
4. Turn crankshaft pulley clockwise (viewed from front) to align yel-
low paint with timing indicator.
5. At this point, confirm that both intake and exhaust cam noses on
No. 1 cylinder face outward. (No. 1 cylinder is at TDC of its com-
pression stroke.)
●If not, turn crankshaft pulley more.
NOTE:
Or, valves to be checked when No. 4 cylinder is at TDC of its
compression stroke can be checked first following step 8.
6. Referring to figure, measure valve clearances of valves with × in
table below using a thickness gauge.Standard (Intake and exhaust)
: 30.000 - 30.021 mm (1.1811 - 1.1819 in) dia.
Standard (Intake and exhaust)
: 0.025 - 0.061 mm (0.0010 - 0.0024 in)
SEM867E
MBIB0222E
Cylinder No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4
Valve INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH
No. 1 cylinder at
TDC of its compres-
sion stroke××× ×
MBIB0223E
MBIB0224E

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-57
[QG]
C
D
E
F
G
H
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J
K
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MA
EM
CYLINDER HEADPFP:11041
On-Vehicle ServiceEBS00LQH
CHECKING COMPRESSION PRESSURE
1. Warm up engine thoroughly. Then, stop it.
2. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-34, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" (WITH EURO-OBD), EC-427,
"FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" (WITHOUT EURO-OBD).
3. Remove ignition coil and spark plug from each cylinder.
Refer to IGNITION COIL EM-24, "
Removal and Installation" and SPARK PLUG EM-25, "Removal and
Installation" .
4. Connect engine tachometer (not required in use of CONSULT-II).
5. Disconnect fuel injector harness connector so that no fuel is injected.
6. Install compression tester with adapter onto spark plug hole.
●Use compression gauge whose picking up end inserted to spark
plug hole is smaller than 20 mm (0.79 in) in diameter. Otherwise,
it may be caught by cylinder head during removal.
7. With accelerator pedal fully depressed, turn ignition switch to
“START” for cranking. When the gauge pointer stabilizes, read
the compression pressure and engine rpm. Perform these steps
to check each cylinder.
Compression pressure
[kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi)/rpm]
CAUTION:
Always use a fully changed battery to obtain specified engine speed.
●If the engine speed is out of specified range, check battery liquid for proper gravity. Check engine speed
again with normal battery gravity.
●If compression pressure is below minimum value, check valve clearances and parts associated with com-
bustion chamber (Valve, valve seat, piston, piston ring, cylinder bore, cylinder head, cylinder head gas-
ket). After the checking, measure compression pressure again.
●If some cylinders have low compression pressure, pour small amount of engine oil into the spark plug hole
of the cylinder to re-check it for compression.
–If the added engine oil improves the compression, the piston rings may be worn out or damaged. Check
the piston rings and replace if necessary.
–If the compression pressure remains at low level despite the addition of engine oil, the valves may be mal-
functioning. Check the valves for damage. Replace the valve or valve seat accordingly.
●If two adjacent cylinders have respectively low compression pressure and their compression remains low
even after the addition of engine oil, the gaskets are leaking. In such a case, replace the cylinder head
gaskets.
KBIA1402E
Engine type QG15DE QG18DE
Standard1,372 (13.72, 13.99,
198.9)1,324 (13.24, 13.5, 192)
Limit 1,176 (11.76, 12.0, 170.5) 1,128 (11.28, 11.5, 164)
Difference limit among
cylinders98 (0.98, 1.0, 14) 98 (0.98, 1.0, 14)SEM387C

SEM934C
JEM157G
VALVE SEATSNJEM0065S10Before starting this check, confirm that the dimensions of valve
guides and valves are as specified.
Apply red lead primer on contacting surfaces of valve seat and
of valve face to examine the conditions of contacting surfaces.
Check that the paint on contacting surfaces is continuous
along the entire circumference.
If there are abnormal indications, grind the valve and check the
contact again. If abnormal indications still persist, replace
valve seat.
SEM795A
REPLACING VALVE SEAT FOR SERVICE PARTSNJEM0065S111. Bore out old seat until it collapses. Boring should not continue
beyond the bottom face of the seat recess in cylinder head. Set
the machine depth stop to ensure this.
2. Ream cylinder head recess for service valve seat.
Oversize [0.5 mm (0.020 in)]:
Intake 30.500 - 30.516 mm (1.2008 - 1.2014 in)
Exhaust 29.500 - 29.516 mm (1.1614 - 1.1620 in)
Be sure to ream in circles concentric to the valve guide
center.
This will enable valve seat to fit correctly.
CYLINDER HEADYD
Inspection (Cont’d)
EM-52

SLC287B
YLC044
Changing Engine OilNJLC0074WARNING:
Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.
Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may
cause skin cancer; try to avoid direct skin contact with
used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with
soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.
1. Warm up engine, and check for oil leakage from engine com-
ponents.
2. Stop engine and wait more than 10 minutes.
3. Remove drain plug and oil filler cap.
4. Drain oil and refill with new engine oil.
Oil Specification and Viscosity (Except for Europe):
API CD, CE, CF or CF-4
Oil Specification and Viscosity (For Europe):
API grade CF-4
Refer to MA-19, “RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTS”.
Refill oil capacity (Approximately):
Unit:(Imp qt)
Drain and refillWithout oil filter
chang<000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300170011001c000300
0b0017001000160012001b000c[
With oil filter
chang<0003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003000300030003001800110015000300
0b0017001000180012001b000c[
Dry engine (engine overhaul) 6.3 (5-1/2)
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean drain plug and install with new washer.
Drain plug:
: 29 - 39 N·m (3.0 - 4.0 kg-m, 22 - 29 ft-lb)
The refill capacity depends on the oil temperature and
drain time. Use these specifications for reference only.
Always use the dipstick to determine when the proper
amount of oil is in the engine.
5. Check oil level.
6. Start engine and check area around drain plug and oil filter for
oil leakage.
7. Run engine for a few minutes, then turn it off. After several
minutes, check oil level.
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEMYD
Changing Engine Oil
LC-30

While filling, if coolant from engine side spills out, be sure to
reconnect the heater hose.
Fill coolant to the level of the radiator cap at a rate of 2(1-3/4
Imp qt)/min or lower.
(Close the air relief plugs in order starting with the location from
where the coolant began spilling out.)
CAUTION:
If the filling rate is too fast, this could lead to air being mixed
in the coolant. Be sure to fill the coolant slowly according to
the rate indicated above.
Replace the copper washer of the air bleeding plug.
Air relief plug:
: 6.7 - 7.9 N·m (0.68 - 0.81 kg-m, 59 - 70 in-lb)
Use genuine Nissan anti-freeze coolant or equivalent
mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
SMA182B
SMA412B
Refer to MA-19, “RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS”.
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):
8.7(7-5/8 Imp qt)
Reservoir tank capacity:
0.7(5/8 Imp qt)
Pour coolant through coolant filler neck slowly to allow air
in system to escape.
4. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.
5. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without
radiator cap installed.
If coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install radiator cap.
6. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle
speed with radiator cap installed.
Repeat two or three times.
Watch coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the
engine.
7. Stop engine and cool it down.
Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant.
8. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with coolant.
9. Repeat steps 4 through 7 two or more times with radiator cap
installed until coolant level no longer drops.
10. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
11. Warm up engine, and check for sound of coolant flow while
running engine from idle up to 3,000 rpm with heater tempera-
ture controller set at several positions between COOL and
HOT.
Sound may be noticeable at heater water cock.
12. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating
steps 4 through 7 until coolant level no longer drops
Clean excess coolant from engine.
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEMYD
Changing Engine Coolant (Cont’d)
LC-44

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-23
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
C
D
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MA
EC
System ChartEBS00K34
*1: This sensor is not used to control the engine system under normal conditions.
*2: The signals are sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*3: The output signals are sent from the ECM through CAN communication line.
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) SystemEBS00K35
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: Under normal conditions, this sensor is not for engine control operation.
*2: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*3: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the length of
time the valve remains open (injection pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a program value in the
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)
●Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
●Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
●Mass air flow sensor
●Engine coolant temperature sensor
●Heated oxygen sensor 1
●Throttle position sensor
●Accelerator pedal position sensor
●Park/neutral position (PNP) switch
●Intake air temperature sensor
●Power steering pressure sensor
●Ignition switch
●Stop lamp switch
●Battery voltage
●Knock sensor
●Refrigerant pressure sensor
●Heated oxygen sensor 2*1
●TCM (Transmission control module)*2
●Air conditioner switch*2
●Vehicle speed signal*2
●Electrical load signal*2
Fuel injection & mixture ratio control Fuel injectors
Electronic ignition system Power transistor
Fuel pump control Fuel pump relay
On board diagnostic system
MI (On the instrument panel)
*3
Intake valve timing controlIntake valve timing control solenoid
valve
Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater
Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater
EVAP canister purge flow controlEVAP canister purge volume control
solenoid valve
Air conditioning cut control
Air conditioner relay
*3
Cooling fan control
Cooling fan relay*3
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed
*3 and piston position
Fuel injection & mixture
ratio controlFuel injectors Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Heated oxygen sensor 1 Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Knock sensor Engine knocking condition
Battery
Battery voltage
*3
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Heated oxygen sensor 2
*1Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
Vehicle speed signal
*2Vehicle speed
Air conditioner switch
*2Air conditioner operation

EC-24
[QG (WITH EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
ECM memory. The program value is preset by engine operating conditions. These conditions are determined
by input signals (for engine speed and intake air) from the crankshaft position sensor (POS), the camshaft
position sensor (PHASE) and the mass air flow sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
In addition, the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance under various operat-
ing conditions as listed below.

●During warm-up
●When starting the engine
●During acceleration
●Hot-engine operation
●When selector lever is changed from “N” to “D” (A/T models)
●High-load, high-speed operation

●During deceleration
●During high engine speed operation
MIXTURE RATIO FEEDBACK CONTROL (CLOSED LOOP CONTROL)
The mixture ratio feedback system provides the best air-fuel mixture ratio for driveability and emission control.
The three way catalyst (manifold) can then better reduce CO, HC and NOx emissions. This system uses
heated oxygen sensor 1 in the exhaust manifold to monitor if the engine operation is rich or lean. The ECM
adjusts the injection pulse width according to the sensor voltage signal. For more information about heated
oxygen sensor 1, refer to EC-155
. This maintains the mixture ratio within the range of stoichiometric (ideal air-
fuel mixture).
This stage is referred to as the closed loop control condition.
Heated oxygen sensor 2 is located downstream of the three way catalyst (manifold). Even if the switching
characteristics of heated oxygen sensor 1 shift, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to stoichiometric by the signal
from heated oxygen sensor 2.
Open Loop Control
The open loop system condition refers to when the ECM detects any of the following conditions. Feedback
control stops in order to maintain stabilized fuel combustion.
●Deceleration and acceleration
●High-load, high-speed operation
●Malfunction of heated oxygen sensor 1 or its circuit
●Insufficient activation of heated oxygen sensor 1 at low engine coolant temperature
●High engine coolant temperature
●During warm-up
●After shifting from “N” to “D” (A/T models)
●When starting the engine
MIXTURE RATIO SELF-LEARNING CONTROL
The mixture ratio feedback control system monitors the mixture ratio signal transmitted from heated oxygen
sensor 1. This feedback signal is then sent to the ECM. The ECM controls the basic mixture ratio as close to
the theoretical mixture ratio as possible. However, the basic mixture ratio is not necessarily controlled as orig-
PBIB0121E