sensor NISSAN PICK-UP 1998 Owner's Manual

Service Notice
lWhen removing or installing various parts, place a cloth or padding onto the vehicle body to prevent
scratches.
lHandle trim, molding, instruments, grille, etc. carefully during removing or installing. Be careful not to soil
or damage them.
lApply sealing compound where necessary when installing parts.
lWhen applying sealing compound, be careful that the sealing compound does not protrude from parts.
lWhen replacing any metal parts (for example body outer panel, members, etc.), be sure to take rust
prevention measures.
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (4WD models)
The Supplemental Restraint System ``AIR BAG'', used along with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or
severity of injury to the driver in a frontal collision. The Supplemental Restraint System consists of air bag
module (located in the center of the steering wheel), a diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring harness
and spiral cable. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in theRS sectionof this
Service Manual.
WARNING:
lTo avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.
lImproper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system.
lDo not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses are covered with yellow insulation either just before the
harness connectors or for the complete harness, for easy identification.
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (2WD models)
The Supplemental Restraint System ``AIR BAG'', used along with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or
severity of injury to the driver in a frontal collision. The Supplemental Restraint System consists of air bag
module (located in the center of the steering wheel), diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring harness
and spiral cable. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in theRS sectionof this
Service Manual.
WARNING:
lTo avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.
lImproper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system.
lDo not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual.
PRECAUTIONS
BT-1

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SECTION
EC
CONTENTS
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE INDEX................... 1
Alphabetical & Numerical Index for DTC
(KA engine) ............................................................ 1
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION..................... 2
Special Service Tools ............................................ 2
Commercial Service Tool....................................... 4
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (4WD models).............................................. 4
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (2WD models).............................................. 4
KA
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION..................... 5
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System .............. 5
Precautions ............................................................ 6
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL
SYSTEM..................................................................... 8
Circuit Diagram ...................................................... 8
System Diagram .................................................... 9
ECCS Component Parts Location ....................... 10
Vacuum Hose Drawing ........................................ 12
System Chart ....................................................... 13
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION..................................... 14
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System.................. 14
Distributor Ignition (DI) System............................ 17
Air Conditioning Cut Control ................................ 18
Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed) .................................................................. 18
EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM..................... 19
Description ........................................................... 19
Inspection ............................................................. 19POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION................ 21
Description ........................................................... 21
Inspection ............................................................. 21
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE............................. 22
Fuel Pressure Release ........................................ 22
Fuel Pressure Check ........................................... 22
Injector Removal and Installation ........................ 23
Fast Idle Cam (FIC) Inspection and
Adjustment ........................................................... 24
Idle Speed/Ignition Timing/Idle Mixture Ratio
Adjustment ........................................................... 25
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION......................................................... 36
Introduction .......................................................... 36
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) .......................... 36
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) ........................ 38
CONSULT ............................................................ 45
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - Introduction.................. 54
Introduction .......................................................... 54
Diagnostic Worksheet .......................................... 54
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - Work Flow..................... 56
Work Flow ............................................................ 56
Description for Work Flow ................................... 57
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - Basic Inspection.......... 58
Basic Inspection ................................................... 58
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - General Description..... 61
Fail-Safe Chart ..................................................... 61
Symptom Matrix Chart ......................................... 62
CONSULT Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode .................................................................... 64
Major Sensor Reference Graph in Data
Monitor Mode ....................................................... 66
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ................. 68
EC

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR POWER SUPPLY.... 75
Main Power Supply and Ground Circuit .............. 75
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``CAMSHAFT
POSI SEN'' (DTC 11).............................................. 82
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) ..................... 82
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``MASS AIR
FLOW SEN'' (DTC 12)............................................ 89
Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAFS) ............................ 89
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``COOLANT TEMP
SEN'' (DTC 13)........................................................ 95
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) ..... 95
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``IGN SIGNAL-
PRIMARY'' (DTC 21)............................................... 99
Ignition Signal ...................................................... 99
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT''
(DTC 28)................................................................. 106
Overheat ............................................................ 106
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``INT AIR TEMP
SEN'' (DTC 41)...................................................... 109
Intake Air Temperature Sensor ......................... 109
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``THROTTLE POSI
SEN'' (DTC 43)...................................................... 113
Throttle Position Sensor .................................... 113
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR
NON-DETECTABLE ITEMS.................................. 118
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) ............................ 118
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
- LHD Models - .................................................. 123
Heated Oxygen Sensor Heater
- LHD Models - .................................................. 127
Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) - Auxiliary Air
Control (AAC) Valve .......................................... 131
Neutral Position Switch ...................................... 136
EVAP Canister Purge Control Solenoid Valve .. 140
Injector ............................................................... 144
Start Signal ........................................................ 149
Fuel Pump.......................................................... 151
Power Steering Oil Pressure Switch ................. 157
Swirl Control Valve Control Solenoid Valve ...... 161
IACV-FICD Solenoid Valve ................................ 168
MIL & Data Link Connectors ............................. 173
TD
INJECTION SYSTEM............................................ 176
Fuel System ....................................................... 176
INJECTION PUMP................................................. 178
Inspection ........................................................... 178
Removal ............................................................. 178
Installation and Adjustment................................ 180
Disassembly ....................................................... 183
Load Timer Adjustment...................................... 183
Start Q Adjustment Lever .................................. 184
INJECTION NOZZLE............................................. 186Removal and Installation ................................... 186
Disassembly ....................................................... 186
Inspection ........................................................... 187
Cleaning ............................................................. 187
Assembly............................................................ 189
Test and Adjustment .......................................... 189
FUEL SYSTEM CHECK........................................ 191
Bleeding Fuel System ........................................ 191
Bleeding Fuel Filter ............................................ 192
Checking Priming Pump .................................... 192
Checking Fuel Filter Switch ............................... 192
POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION.............. 193
Description ......................................................... 193
Inspection ........................................................... 193
QUICK-GLOW SYSTEM........................................ 194
Component Parts Location ................................ 194
Circuit Diagram .................................................. 195
Description ......................................................... 196
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 197
Glow Control Unit Circuit Inspection (For Cold
Areas)................................................................. 203
Glow Control Unit Circuit Inspection (Except
for Cold Areas)................................................... 206
Component Inspection ....................................... 208
EGR SYSTEM........................................................ 210
Component Parts Location ................................ 210
Description ......................................................... 211
Operation ........................................................... 212
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 213
System Inspection.............................................. 217
Component Inspection ....................................... 218
SOLENOID TIMER................................................ 220
Description ......................................................... 220
Operation ........................................................... 220
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 222
Inspection ........................................................... 224
FUEL CUT SYSTEM.............................................. 225
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 225
FUEL HEATER SYSTEM...................................... 226
Description ......................................................... 226
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 227
System Inspection.............................................. 228
Component Inspection ....................................... 228
FAST IDLE CONTROL CIRCUIT.......................... 230
Wiring Diagram .................................................. 230
Electrical Components Inspection ..................... 231
KA
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS). 232
General Specifications ....................................... 232
Inspection and Adjustment ................................ 232

Commercial Service Tool
FOR KA ENGINE MODELS
Tool name Description
Fuel filler cap adapter
NT653
Checking fuel tank vacuum relief valve opening
pressure
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (4WD models)
The Supplemental Restraint System ``AIR BAG'', used along with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or
severity of injury to the driver in a frontal collision. The Supplemental Restraint System consists of an air
bag module (located in the center of the steering wheel), a diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring har-
ness and spiral cable. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in theRS sectionof
this Service Manual.
WARNING:
lTo avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.
lImproper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system.
lDo not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses are covered with yellow insulation either just before the
harness connectors or for the complete harness, for easy identification.
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (2WD models)
The Supplemental Restraint System ``AIR BAG'', used along with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or
severity of injury to the driver in a frontal collision. The Supplemental Restraint System consists of an air
bag module (located in the center of the steering wheel), a diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring har-
ness and spiral cable. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in theRS sectionof
this Service Manual.
WARNING:
lTo avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.
lImproper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system.
lDo not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS.
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION
EC-4

System Chart
Camshaft position sensorc
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
Mass air flow sensorc
Engine coolant temperature sensorc
Heated oxygen sensor*c
Ignition switchc
Throttle position sensorc
Neutral position switchc
Vehicle speed sensorc
Air conditioner switchc
Battery voltagec
Power steering oil pressure switchc
Intake air temperature sensorc
*: LHD models
Fuel injection &
mixture ratio controlcInjectors
Distributor ignition systemcPower transistor
Idle air control systemcIACV-AAC valve
IACV-FICD solenoid valve
Swirl control valve controlcSwirl control valve control
solenoid valve
EVAP canister controlcEVAP canister purge control
solenoid valve
Fuel pump controlcFuel pump relay
Heated oxygen sensor moni-
tor & on board diagnostic
systemcMalfunction indicator lamp
(On the instrument panel)
Acceleration cut controlcAir conditioner relay
Heated oxygen sensor
heater control*cHeated oxygen sensor
heater
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEMKA
EC-13

Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Camshaft position sensorcEngine speed and piston position
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
cInjector
Mass air flow sensorcAmount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor
cEngine coolant temperature
Heated oxygen sensor*
cDensity of oxygen in exhaust gas
Throttle position sensor
cThrottle position
Throttle valve idle position
Neutral position switch
cGear position
Vehicle speed sensor
cVehicle speed
Ignition switch
cStart signal
Battery
cBattery voltage
*: LHD models
BASIC MULTIPORT FUEL INJECTION
SYSTEM
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is
determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the
length of time the valve remains open (injection
pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a
program value in the ECM memory. The program
value is preset by engine operating conditions.
These conditions are determined by input signals
(for engine speed and intake air) from both the
camshaft position sensor and the mass air flow
sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION
INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
The amount of fuel injected is compensated for to
improve engine performance. This will be made
under various operating conditions as listed below.

lDuring warm-up
lWhen starting the engine
lDuring acceleration
lHot-engine operation
lHigh-load, high-speed operation
lWhen swirl control valve operates

lDuring deceleration
lDuring high-engine speed operation
lExtremely high-engine coolant temperature
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONKA
EC-14

MIXTURE RATIO FEEDBACK CONTROL
The mixture ratio feedback system provides the best air-fuel
mixture ratio for driveability and emission control. The three way
catalyst can then better reduce CO, HC and NOx emissions. This
system uses a heated oxygen sensor in the exhaust manifold to
monitor if the engine is rich or lean. The ECM adjusts the injec-
tion pulse width according to the sensor voltage signal. For more
information about heated oxygen sensor, refer to page EC-123.
This maintains the mixture ratio within the range of stoichiomet-
ric (ideal air-fuel mixture).
This stage is referred to as the closed loop control condition.
OPEN LOOP CONTROL
The open loop system condition refers to when the ECM detects
any of the following conditions. Feedback control stops in order
to maintain stabilized fuel combustion.
lDeceleration and acceleration
lHigh-load, high-speed operation
lEngine idling
lMalfunction of heated oxygen sensor or its circuit
lInsufficient activation of heated oxygen sensor at low engine
coolant temperature
lHigh-engine coolant temperature
lDuring warm-up
lWhen starting the engine
MIXTURE RATIO SELF-LEARNING CONTROL
The mixture ratio feedback control system monitors the mixture
ratio signal transmitted from the heated oxygen sensor. This
feedback signal is then sent to the ECM. The ECM controls the
basic mixture ratio as close to the theoretical mixture ratio as
possible. However, the basic mixture ratio is not necessarily con-
trolled as originally designed. Both Manufacturing differences
(i.e. mass air flow sensor hot wire) and characteristic changes
during operation (i.e. injector clogging) directly affect mixture
ratio.
Accordingly, the difference between the basic and theoretical
mixture ratios is monitored in this system. This is then computed
in terms of ``injection pulse duration'' to automatically compen-
sate for the difference between the two ratios.
FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
Two types of systems are used.
Sequential multiport fuel injection system
Fuel is injected into each cylinder during each engine cycle
according to the firing order. This system is used when the
engine is running.
MEF025DD
MEF522D
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONKA
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System
(Cont'd)
EC-15

Distributor Ignition (DI) System
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Camshaft position sensorcEngine speed and piston position
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
cPower
transistor
Mass air flow sensorcAmount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor
cEngine coolant temperature
Throttle position sensor
c
Throttle position
Throttle valve idle position
Vehicle speed sensor
cVehicle speed
Ignition switch
cStart signal
Intake air temperature sensor
cIntake air temperature
Neutral position switch
cGear position
Battery
cBattery voltage
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best
air-fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine.
The ignition timing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the
map shown left.
The ECM detects information such as the injection pulse width
and camshaft position sensor signal. Responding to this
information, ignition signals are transmitted to the power transis-
tor.
e.g. N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
A ÉBTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by
the ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.
1 At starting
2 During warm-up
3 At idle
4 When swirl control valve operates
5 Hot-engine operation
6 At acceleration
SEF742M
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONKA
EC-17

Air Conditioning Cut Control
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Air conditioner switchcAir conditioner ``ON'' signal
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
cAir condi-
tioner
relayThrottle position sensorcThrottle valve opening angle
Ignition switch
cStart signal
Engine coolant temperature sensor
cEngine coolant temperature
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves engine operation when the
air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner
is turned off.
lWhen the accelerator pedal is fully depressed
lWhen cranking the engine
lWhen the engine coolant temperature becomes
excessively high
Fuel Cut Control (at no load & high engine
speed)
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Vehicle speed sensorcVehicle speed
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
cInjectors
Neutral position switchcNeutral position
Throttle position sensor
cThrottle position
Engine coolant temperature sensor
cEngine coolant temperature
Camshaft position sensor
cEngine speed
If the engine speed is above 3,500 rpm with no load (for
example, in neutral and engine speed over 3,500 rpm) fuel will
be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut
off varies based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm,
then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different than deceleration control listed
under multiport fuel injection on EC-14.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONKA
EC-18

Idle Speed/Ignition Timing/Idle Mixture Ratio
Adjustment
PREPARATION
lMake sure that the following parts are in
good order.
(1) Battery
(2) Ignition system
(3) Engine oil and coolant levels
(4) Fuses
(5) ECM harness connector
(6) Vacuum hoses
(7) Air intake system
(Oil filler cap, oil level gauge, etc.)
(8) Fuel pressure(9) Engine compression
(10) Throttle valvelOn air conditioner equipped models,
checks should be carried out while the air
conditioner is ``OFF''.
lWhen measuring ``CO'' percentage, insert
probe more than 40 cm (15.7 in) into tail
pipe.
lTurn off headlamps, heater blower, rear
window defogger.
lKeep front wheels pointed straight ahead.
LHD MODELS
Overall inspection sequence
INSPECTION START
Perform diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results).
OK
cNG
Repair or replace.
.
Check & adjust ignition timing.
OKm
NG
Check & adjust idle
speed.
.
OKb
Check function of heated
oxygen sensor.
OK
cNG
Check harnesses of
heated oxygen sensor.
NG
cOK
Check CO%.
OK
.
cNG
Check emission control
parts and repair or
replace if necessary.
bRepair or replace har-
ness(es).
lReplace heated oxy-
gen sensor.
lCheck function of
heated oxygen sensor.
cNG
INSPECTION END
bOK
.
.
.
.
.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREKA
EC-25