heating NISSAN PICK-UP 1998 Repair Manual

Heated Seat
lWhen handling seat, be extremely careful not to scratch heating unit.
lTo replace heating unit, seat trim and pad should be separated.
lDo not use any organic solvent, such as thinner, benzene, alcohol, gasoline, etc. to clean trims.
Seatback heating unit removal & installation
.For Wiring Diagram, refer to ``HEATED SEAT'' in EL section.
SBF424H
SEAT
BT-32

Overheat
ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS LOGIC
If the cooling fan or another component in the cooling system malfunctions, the engine coolant temperature
will rise.
When the engine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally high temperature condition, a malfunction is
indicated.
Diagnostic trouble
code No.Malfunction is detected when ...Check Items
(Possible Cause)
28
lEngine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally
high temperature.lCooling fan
lRadiator hose
lRadiator
lRadiator cap
lWater pump
lThermostat
For more information, refer to ``MAIN 12
CAUSES OF OVERHEATING'', EC-108.
CAUTION:
When a malfunction is indicated, be sure to replace the coolant following the procedure in MA sec-
tion (``Changing Engine Coolant'', ``ENGINE MAINTENANCE''). Also, replace the engine oil.
lFill radiator with coolant up to specified level with a filling speed of 2 liters per minute like pour-
ing coolant by kettle. Be sure to use coolant with the proper mixture ratio. Refer to MA section
(``Anti-freeze Coolant Mixture Ratio'', ``RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS'').
lAfter refilling coolant, run engine to ensure that no water-flow noise is emitted.
OVERALL FUNCTION CHECK
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Seri-
ous burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping
from the radiator.
Wrap a thick cloth around cap. Carefully remove the cap by
turning it a quarter turn to allow built-up pressure to escape.
Then turn the cap all the way off.
1. Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank and radiator.
Allow engine to cool before checking coolant level.
If the coolant level in the reservoir tank and/or radiator is
below the proper range, skip the following step and go to
``DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE'' on next page.
2. Confirm whether customer filled the coolant or not. If cus-
tomer filled the coolant, go to ``DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE''
on next page.
AEC640
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT'' (DTC 28)KA
EC-106

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE
INSPECTION START
CHECK COOLING SYSTEM FOR LEAK.
Apply pressure to the cooling system with a
tester, and check if the pressure drops.
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm
2, 23 psi)
Pressure should not drop.
CAUTION:
Higher than the specified pressure may
cause radiator damage.
OK
cNG
Check the following for leak.
lHoselRadiatorlWater pump
Refer to LC section (``Water
Pump'').
CHECK RADIATOR CAP.
Apply pressure to cap with a tester.
Radiator cap relief pressure:
78 - 98 kPa (0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0
kg/cm
2, 11 - 14 psi)
OK
cNG
Replace radiator cap.
CHECK THERMOSTAT.
1. Check valve seating condition at normal
room temperatures.
It should seat tightly.
2. Check valve opening temperature and valve
lift.
Valve opening temperature:
76.5ÉC (170ÉF) [standard]
Valve lift:
More than 10 mm/90ÉC
(0.39 in/194ÉF)
3. Check if valve is closed at 5ÉC (9ÉF) below
valve opening temperature.
For details, refer to LC section (``Thermostat'').
OK
cNG
Replace thermostat.
Check engine coolant temperature sensor.
Refer to ``COMPONENT INSPECTION'',
EC-98.
OK
cNG
Replace engine coolant tem-
perature sensor.
If the cause cannot be isolated, go to ``MAIN
12 CAUSES OF OVERHEATING'' on next
page.
INSPECTION END
Perform FINAL CHECK by the following procedure after
repair is completed.
1. Warm up engine. Run the vehicle for at least 20 minutes. Pay
attention to engine coolant temperature gauge on the instru-
ment panel. If the reading shows an abnormally high
temperature, another part may be malfunctioning.
2. Stop vehicle and let engine idle. Check the intake and exhaust
systems for leaks by listening for noise or visually inspecting
the components.
3. Allow engine to cool and visually check for oil and coolant
leaks. Then, perform ``OVERALL FUNCTION CHECK''.
SLC754AA
SLC755AA
SLC343
.
.
.
.
.
.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT'' (DTC 28)KA
Overheat (Cont'd)
EC-107

MAIN 12 CAUSES OF OVERHEATING
Engine Step Inspection item Equipment Standard Reference page
OFF 1
lBlocked radiator
lBlocked condenser
lBlocked radiator grille
lBlocked bumper
lVisual No blocking Ð
2
lCoolant mixturelCoolant tester 50 - 50% coolant mixture See ``RECOMMENDED
FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTS'' in MA section.
3
lCoolant levellVisual Coolant up to MAX level
in reservoir tank and
radiator filler neckSee ``Changing Engine
Coolant'', ``ENGINE
MAINTENANCE'' in MA
section.
4
lRadiator caplPressure tester 78 - 98 kPa
(0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0
kg/cm
2, 11 - 14 psi)
59 - 98 kPa (0.59 - 0.98
bar, 0.6 - 1.0 kg/cm
2,
9 - 14 psi) (Limit)See ``System Check'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
ON*2 5
lCoolant leakslVisual No leaks See ``System Check'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
ON*2 6
lThermostatlTouch the upper and
lower radiator hosesBoth hoses should be hot. See ``Thermostat'' and
``Radiator'', ``ENGINE
COOLING SYSTEM'' in
LC section.
ON*1 7
lCooling fanlVisual Operating See ``Cooling Fan'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
OFF 8
lCombustion gas leaklColor checker chemical
tester 4 gas analyzerNegative Ð
ON*3 9
lCoolant temperature
gaugelVisual Gauge less than 3/4
when drivingÐ
lCoolant overflow to res-
ervoir tanklVisual No overflow during driving
and idlingSee ``Changing Engine
Coolant'', ``ENGINE
MAINTENANCE'' in MA
section.
OFF*4 10
lCoolant return from res-
ervoir tank to radiatorlVisual Should be initial level in
reservoir tankSee ``ENGINE MAINTE-
NANCE'' in MA section.
OFF 11
lCylinder headlStraight gauge feeler
gauge0.1 mm (0.004 in) Maxi-
mum distortion (warping)See ``Inspection'', ``CYL-
INDER HEAD'' in EM
section.
12
lCylinder block and pis-
tonslVisual No scuffing on cylinder
walls or pistonSee ``Inspection'', ``CYL-
INDER BLOCK'' in EM
section.
*1: Engine running at idle.
*2: Engine running at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes.
*3: Drive at 90 km/h (55 MPH) for 30 minutes and then let idle for 10 minutes.
*4: After 60 minutes of cool down time.
For more information, refer to ``OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS'' in LC section.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT'' (DTC 28)KA
Overheat (Cont'd)
EC-108

If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand
cleaner as soon as possible.
HEALTH PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
lAvoid prolonged and repeated contact with oils, particularly
used engine oils.
lWear protective clothing, including impervious gloves where
practicable.
lDo not put oily rags in pockets.
lAvoid contaminating clothes, particularly underpants, with oil.
lHeavily soiled clothing and oil-impregnated footwear should
not be worn. Overalls must be cleaned regularly.
lFirst Aid treatment should be obtained immediately for open
cuts and wounds.
lUse barrier creams, applying them before each work period,
to help the removal of oil from the skin.
lWash with soap and water to ensure all oil is removed (skin
cleansers and nail brushes will help). Preparations contain-
ing lanolin replace the natural skin oils which have been
removed.
lDo not use gasoline, kerosine, diesel fuel, gas oil, thinners
or solvents for cleaning skin.
lIf skin disorders develop, obtain medical advice without
delay.
lWhere practicable, degrease components prior to handling.
lWhere there is a risk of eye contact, eye protection should
be worn, for example, chemical goggles or face shields; in
addition an eye wash facility should be provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
Burning used engine oil in small space heaters or boilers can be
recommended only for units of approved design. The heating
system must meet the requirements of HM Inspectorate of Pol-
lution for small burners of less than 0.4 MW. If in doubt check
with the appropriate local authority and/or manufacturer of the
approved appliance.
Dispose of used oil and used oil filters through authorized waste
disposal contractors to licensed waste disposal sites, or to the
waste oil reclamation trade. If in doubt, contact the local author-
ity for advice on disposal facilities.
It is illegal to pour used oil on to the ground, down sewers or
drains, or into water courses.
The regulations concerning the pollution of the environment
will vary from country to country.
Precautions for Fuel
GASOLINE ENGINE:
Three way catalyst equipped models ... unleaded gasoline of at
least 91 octane (RON)
CAUTION:
Do not use leaded gasoline. Using leaded gasoline will dam-
age the three way catalyst.
Except for the above models ... unleaded or leaded gasoline of
above 88 octane (RON)
Use unleaded fuel if instructed on the fuel filler lid.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions for Engine Oils (Cont'd)
GI-5

DIESEL ENGINE*:
For Europe: diesel fuel of above 50 cetane
* If two types of diesel fuel are available, use summer or win-
ter fuel properly according to the following temperature con-
ditions.
lAbove þ7ÉC (20ÉF) ... Summer type diesel fuel.
lBelow þ7ÉC (20ÉF) ... Winter type diesel fuel.
CAUTION:
lDo not use home heating oil, gasoline, or other alternate
fuels in your diesel engine. The use of those can cause
engine damage.
lDo not use summer fuel at temperature below þ7ÉC
(20ÉF). The cold temperature will cause wax to form in
the fuel. As a result, it may prevent the engine from run-
ning smoothly.
lDo not add gasoline or other alternate fuels to diesel
fuel.
Precautions for Air Conditioning
Use an approved refrigerant recovery unit any time the air con-
ditioning system must be discharged. Refer to HA section
(``HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Procedure'', ``SERVICE PRO-
CEDURES'') for specific instructions.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions for Fuel (Cont'd)
GI-6

Engine compartment
There are several reasons a vehicle or engine vibration could
cause an electrical complaint. Some of the things to check for
are:
lConnectors not fully seated.
lWiring harness not long enough and is being stressed due
to engine vibrations or rocking.
lWires laying across brackets or moving components.
lLoose, dirty or corroded ground wires.
lWires routed too close to hot components.
To inspect components under the hood, start by verifying the
integrity of ground connections. (Refer to GROUND INSPEC-
TION described later.) First check that the system is properly
grounded. Then check for loose connection bygently shaking
the wiring or components as previously explained. Using the
wiring diagrams inspect the wiring for continuity.
Behind the instrument panel
An improperly routed or improperly clamped harness can
become pinched during accessory installation. Vehicle vibration
can aggravate a harness which is routed along a bracket or near
a screw.
Under seating areas
An unclamped or loose harness can cause wiring to be pinched
by seat components (such as slide guides) during vehicle vibra-
tion. If the wiring runs under seating areas, inspect wire routing
for possible damage or pinching.
HEAT SENSITIVE
The owner's problem may occur during hot weather or after car
has sat for a short time. In such cases you will want to check for
a heat sensitive condition.
To determine if an electrical component is heat sensitive, heat
the component with a heat gun or equivalent.
Do not heat components above 60ÉC (140ÉF).If incident
occurs while heating the unit, either replace or properly insulate
the component.
SGI842
HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS
FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT
Incident Simulation Tests (Cont'd)
GI-23

Symptom Chart
DIAGNOSTIC TABLE
PROCEDUREPreliminary
CheckDiagnostic
ProcedureMain
Power
Supply
and
Ground
Circuit
CheckElectrical Components Inspection
REFERENCE PAGE
HA-21
HA-22
HA-23
HA-37
HA-39
HA-36
HA-43
HA-43
HA-43
HA-43
HA-44
HA-44
HA-44
HA-60
HA-45
Ð
SYMPTOM
Preliminary check 1
Preliminary check 2
Preliminary check 3
Diagnostic procedure 1
Diagnostic procedure 2
15A Fuses (No.
19
and
20 )
7.5A Fuse (No.
21 )
Blower motor
Blower resistor
A/C switch
Fan switch
Thermo control amp.
A/C relay
Triple-pressure switch
Compressor
Harness Magnet clutch
Thermal protector
A/C does not blow cold air.j jjjjjjjjjjjj
Blower motor does not rotate.
jjjjj j
Magnet clutch does not
engage when A/C switch and
fan switch are ON.
j jjjjjjjj
Noise.
Insufficient heating.jj
,: The number means checking order.
j: Checking order depends on malfunction in flow chart.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
HA-20

PRELIMINARY CHECK 3
Insufficient heating
DOES AIR FLOW FROM FOOT AREA?
Condition:
lVehicle at operating temperature.
lIgnition switch and fan switch are ON.
lMode control lever is in FOOT position and tem-
perature control lever is in full hot position.
Yes
cNoCHECK BLOWER MOTOR
OPERATION.
Go toDiagnostic Procedure
1, HA-37.
Check the following:
lEngine coolant level. Refer to MA section.
lHoses for leaks or kinks.
lRadiator cap. Refer to LC section (``ENGINE
COOLING SYSTEM'').
lAir in cooling system.
OK
cNG
Repair/replace as necessary.
CHECK WATER COCK OPERATION.
Except for RHD models
Warm up engine before checking.
Refer to ``Control Linkage Adjustment'', HA-46.
OK
cNG
Adjust or replace water cock.
CHECK TEMPERATURE CONTROL CABLE.
Refer to ``Control Linkage Adjustment'', HA-47.
OK
cNG
Adjust temperature control
cable.
VISUALLY INSPECT AIR MIX DOOR.
Access by removing instrument panel.
OK
cNG
Replace air mix door.
CHECK BY FEEL HEATER INLET AND OUTLET
HOSES.
Both hoses
coldBoth hoses
warm
CHECK THERMOSTAT
INSTALLATION.
OKCHECK HEATER HOSES FOR
PROPER INSTALLATION.OK
Replace thermostat. Refer
to LC section (``Thermostat'',
``ENGINE COOLING SYS-
TEM'').
Back flush heater core, drain and refill coolant.
Retest.
Hot inlet
Warm outletBoth hoses
warm
System OK
Replace heater
core.
.
.
.
.
.
..
..
..
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Preliminary Check (Cont'd)
HA-23

ENGINE LUBRICATION &
COOLING SYSTEMS
SECTION
LC
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION..................... 1
Liquid Gasket Application Procedure .................... 1
Special Service Tools ............................................ 2
KA
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM............................ 3
Lubrication Circuit .................................................. 3
Oil Pressure Check ................................................ 4
Oil Pump ................................................................ 4
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM.................................... 6
Cooling Circuit........................................................ 6
System Check ........................................................ 6
Water Pump ........................................................... 7
Thermostat ............................................................. 8
Radiator.................................................................. 9
Cooling Fan (Crankshaft driven).......................... 10
TD
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM.......................... 12
Lubrication Circuit ................................................ 12
Oil Pressure Check (On-vehicle service) ............ 13
Oil Pump .............................................................. 14
Oil Filter Bracket .................................................. 16
Oil Cooler ............................................................. 17Oil Jet ................................................................... 18
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM.................................. 19
Cooling Circuit...................................................... 19
Cooling System Inspection .................................. 20
Water Pump and Cooling Fan (Camshaft
driven) .................................................................. 21
Thermostat ........................................................... 23
Radiator................................................................ 24
Refilling Engine Coolant ...................................... 24
ENGINE ROOM FAN MOTOR ELECTRICAL
CIRCUIT................................................................... 25
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 25
Cooling Fan (Motor driven) .................................. 26
Electrical Components Inspection ....................... 26
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM.................................. 28
Radiator (Aluminum type) .................................... 28
Overheating Cause Analysis ............................... 31
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)... 32
Engine Lubrication System (KA).......................... 32
Engine Cooling System (KA) ............................... 32
Engine Lubrication System (TD).......................... 32
Engine Cooling System (TD) ............................... 32
LC